Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL)
Student Name:
Blog resource: http://tinyurl.com/62xs3fz
Due Date:
Candidate Number: 002171-
Click4Biology: http://click4biology.info/c4b/7/pro7.3.htm
Cite all sources using the CSE method (or ISO 690 Numerical in Word). Highlight all objective 1 command terms in
yellow and complete these before class. Highlight all objective 2 and 3 command terms in green – these will be
part of the discussions in class. After class, go back and review them.
Complete the self-assessment rubric before submitting to Moodle. Avoid printing this if possible.
You must also complete the Core (3.5) Essential Biology for this topic.
1.
Distinguish between sense and antisense strands in DNA.
The ______________ strand is complementary to the ___________ strand. The antisense strand
is also known as the ____________ strand, as it is used for _____________ , to make mRNA.
mRNA corresponds with the _____________ strand, with the exception of the base ___, which is
replaced with ____. mRNA is complementary to the ________________ strand.
2.
Describe the role of the antisense strand in transcription.
 The antisense strand is transcribed. By complementary base pairing, the mRNA
therefore is the same as the DNA on the sense strand – although T has been replaced by
U.
3.
State the direction of transcription and draw a simple diagram to show the addition of an RNA
molecule to a growing mRNA strand.
 5’ to 3’
 Diagram:
Stephen Taylor
Bandung International School
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL)
Student Name:
4.
Due Date:
Candidate Number: 002171-
Outline the roles of the following regions of DNA in transcription:
Promoter region
Coding region
Terminator
5.
Explain the process of transcription in prokaryotes, including the following: promoter region,
RNA polymerase, 5’-3’ direction, free nucleoside triphosphates, complementary base pairing,
terminator region.
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6.
Distinguish between introns and exons in eukaryotic DNA (DNA structure revision).
 Introns are non-coding sections of the gene
 Exons are coding sections of the gene
7.
State one method of post-transcription modification of mRNA in eukaryotes.
 Introns are removed to leave mature mRNA
Stephen Taylor
Bandung International School
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL)
Student Name:
8.
Due Date:
Candidate Number: 002171-
Label the following regions on this tRNA molecule, stating the function of each:
a.
b. hydrogen bonds
c.
9.
tRNA needs to be activated in order to pick up the corresponding amino acid.
Explain how tRNA is activated, including the role of a specific tRNA activating enzyme, ATP and
amino acids.
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10. Using a diagram, outline the structure of a ribosome, including protein and RNA composition,
large and small subunits, three tRNA binding sites and mRNA binding sites.
Stephen Taylor
Bandung International School
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Candidate Number: 002171-
11. Describe polysomes and state their function.
12. State the direction of movement of the ribosome along the mRNA strand (the direction of
translation).
 5’ to 3’
13. Explain the process of translation in four stages:
Keywords: mRNA, ribosome, small subunit, large subunit, start codon, AUG, tRNA
Explanation:
1. Initiation
Keywords: amino acids, peptide bond, transfer, anticodon, tRNA
Explanation:
2. Elongation
Keywords: tRNA, mRNA, codon, release
Explanation:
3. Translocation
Keywords: stop codon, release/ detachment
Explanation:
4. Termination
Stephen Taylor
Bandung International School
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Candidate Number: 002171-
14. Show how a dipeptide is formed through condensation, labeling the peptide bond.
15. Distinguish between polypeptides produced by free ribsomes and those produced by bound
ribosomes, such as in the RER. (Revision: exocytosis)
 Free ribosomes:
 RER-bound ribosomes:
Stephen Taylor
Bandung International School
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL)
Student Name:
Due Date:
Candidate Number: 002171-
Works Cited
1. Allott, Andrew. IB Study Guide: Biology for the IB Diploma. s.l. : Oxford University Press, 2007. 978-019-915143-1.
2. Mindorff, D and Allott, A. Biology Course Companion. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2007. 978099151240.
3. Clegg, CJ. Biology for the IB Diploma. London : Hodder Murray, 2007. 978-0340926529.
4. Campbell N., Reece J., Taylor M., Simon. E. Biology Concepts and Connections. San Fransisco :
Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 2006. 0-8053-7160-5.
5. Taylor, Stephen. Science Video Resources. [Online] Wordpress, 2010.
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com.
6. Burrell, John. Click4Biology. [Online] 2010. http://click4biology.info/.
7. IBO. Biology Subject Guide. [Online] 2007. http://xmltwo.ibo.org/publications/migrated/productionapp2.ibo.org/publication/7/part/2/chapter/1.html.
Self Assessment:
Essential Biology
Criterion
Presentation &
Organisation
Academic
Honesty
Objective 1
understanding
Objective 2
understanding
Objective3
understanding
Logic, notation,
mathematical
working
Further research
Assessment
Complete (2)
Partially complete (1)
NA
Complete and neat. All command terms
highlighted, tables and diagrams well presented.
Self
Sources cited using the CSE (ISO 690 numerical)
method, with Works Cited section complete and
correct.
All answers for the following command terms
Most answers for the following command terms
correct:
correct:
Define
Draw
Label
List
Measure State
Most answers for the following command terms
All answers for the following command terms correct:
correct:
Annotate Apply
Calculate Describe Distinguish Estimate Identify
Outline
Most answers for the following command terms
All answers for the following command terms correct:
correct:
Analyse Comment Compare Construct Deduce Derive Design Determine Discuss
Evaluate
Explain Predict
Show Solve
Sketch Suggest
Answers are presented in a logical and concise
manner. SI units used most times, with correct
NA
unit symbols and definitions of terms. All
mathematical working shown.
Evidence is apparent of research and reading
beyond the textbook and presentations to find
correct answers to challenging questions. If any
NA
questions are unanswered, this criterion scores
zero.
NA
Total (max 10):
Stephen Taylor
Bandung International School
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com
MrT