NUSTEP Biology 102
Chapter 23 Clicker Questions
Question 1-A group of related organisms that share a distinctive form is most accurately referred to as
a(n):
A) species.
B) community.
C) genus.
D) ecosystem. E) population.
Question 2-Which one of the following has contributed to the current theory of evolution?
A) comparison of similar anatomical features in different species
C) selective breeding experiments
B) studies of the fossil record
D) distribution of living organisms on the planet
E) All of the above have contributed to the current theory of evolution.
Question 3-Genes derived from the same ancestral gene, and found in different species, are most
accurately referred to as:
A) paralogs.
B) homologs.
C) gene families.
D) orthologs.
E) analogs.
Question 4-The idea that changes in the Earth are directly caused by recurring events is most accurately
referred to as:
A) uniformitarianism.
B) natural selection.
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics.
D) catastrophism.
E) None of the above accurately describes the idea that changes in the Earth are
directly caused by recurring events.
Question 5-Which one of the following statements accurately represents one of Malthus' conclusions in
Essay on the Principle of Population?
A) The human population size can theoretically increase exponentially, but realistically can only increase
linearly at best.
B) Limits to human population size come from environmental factors like
droughts as well as human influenced factors like war.
C) Only a fraction of any population will
survive and reproduce.
D) (A) and (B)
E) (A), (B) and (C)
Question 6-Which one of the following types of finches would be least likely to have a probing beak?
A) woodpecker
B) warbler
C) cactus
D) vegetarian
E) mangrove
Question 7-True or False: In neo-Darwinism, natural variation exists that invariably leads to positive
phenotypic effects on an individual.
A) True
B) False
Question 8-An evolutionary link between ancestral and current forms is most accurately referred to as
a(n):
A) intermediate.
B) missing link.
C) transitional form.
D) derivative.
E) symbiont.
Question 9-The fossil record has illustrated evolutionary changes in which one of the following aspects
of modern horses?
A) tooth morphology
B) mental capacity
C) hoof anatomy
D) (A) and (C)
E) (A), (B) and (C)
Question 10-Which one of the following statements about endemic populations is incorrect?
A) Endemic populations are frequently found in island settings.
B) Most endemic island species
have closely related relatives on nearby islands or the mainland.
C) Only airborne species or
species capable of swimming have given rise to endemic populations. D) Endemic island populations
typically decrease in size over many generations.
E) All of the above statements about endemic
populations are correct.
Question 11-True or False: Marsupials such as kangaroos evolved in relative isolation on the Australian
continent and are typically not encountered on other continents.
A) True
B) False
Question 12-Which one of the following statements about species that have similar characteristics, even
though they are not closely related evolutionarily, is correct?
A) The situation described in the question is most accurately referred to as divergent evolution.
B) The characteristics that are similar in each species are called analogous structures.
C) The molecular cause of the similar characteristics is a common evolution of a single identical
gene. D) This type of species evolution may occur in animals but not in plants.
E) All of the
above statements about species with similar characteristics are correct.
Question 13-Selective breeding of domesticated animals is an example of:
A) convergent selection.
B) natural selection.
D) divergent selection.
E) endemic selection.
C) artificial selection.
Question 14-Which one of the following agricultural products is not a close evolutionary relative of the
wild mustard plant?
A) cauliflower
B) kale
C) cabbage
D) broccoli
E) All of the above are close evolutionary relatives of the wild mustard plant.
Question 15-Anatomical features that have no apparent function but resemble structures of presumed
ancestors are most accurately referred to as _______________ structures.
A) homologous
B) adaptive
C) analogous
D) vestigial
E) orthologous
Question 16-True or False: Certain genes are found in a diverse array of species, and the percent
identity in those sequences is typically the same when all of those species are examined.
A) True
B) False
Question 17-Which one of the following most accurately describes a gene family?
A) two or more homologous genes found within a single species
B) two or more genes derived
from the same ancestral gene C) two or more paralogous genes within the genome of a single
organism
D) two or more homologous genes found in different species E) None of the above
accurately describes a gene family.
Question 18-Which one of the following statements about the modular structure of proteins is
incorrect?
A) The regions of proteins that carry out different functions are called domains.
B) Each
functional region is typically coded for by a single exon or a series of two or more adjacent exons.
C) Duplication and rearrangement of exons can result in proteins with diverse functional
modules.
D) Exon shuffling has led to the evolutionary incorporation of additional functional
regions.
E) All of the above statements about the modular structure of proteins are correct.
Question 19-Exon shuffling is an example of ________________; the incorporation of a bacterial gene
into a eukaryotic genome prior to destruction of the bacterial cell is an example of ________________.
A) vertical evolution; horizontal gene transfer
C) gene duplication; gene transfer
B) vertical evolution; endosymbiosis
D) gene transfer; gene duplication
E) transduction; transformation
Question 20-True or False: Two species with approximately the same number of genes will have those
genes in roughly the same location on the same number of chromosomes.
A) True
B) False
Answer Key = 1.A 2.E 3.D 4.A 5.E 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.E 15.D 16.B
17.C 18.E 19.A 20.B