Ecology Review/Spring 2014
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Define ecology
What are the 2 major, human influences that are affecting the Earth at this time?
Explain how each one (from #2) affects Earth
What are biotic factors & abiotic factors? Give 2 examples of each
At what level of organization do I find only biotic factors?
At what level of organization can organisms produce fertile offspring?
Give an example of each of the following: Ecosystem, community, & population
A robin builds its nest in the branches of very high trees & feeds on seeds & worms: does this describe
the Niche or the Habitat?
9. What is the habitat of polar bears? Dolphins? Deer?
10. What does a producer use to make its own food?
11. What type of consumer eats only grass & leaves?
12. Give 2 examples for #11
13. What type of consumer eats only both plants & animals?
14. Give 2 examples of #13
15. Give 2 examples of a carnivore
16. What does a food chain always start with?
17. Give 2 examples of #16
18. What does a food chain always end with?
19. Give 2 examples of #18
20. What is being passed in a food chain?
21. How are food chains & food webs related?
22. Describe the Trophic Levels
23. Which organisms make up the base of the Trophic Levels?
24. If the herbivores in the Trophic Level begin to die off, how will this affect the levels above and below
this level?
25. Explain symbiosis
26. When a lion chases, catches, & consumes another animal, this is considered a
________________________ relationship.
27. Give 2 examples of a parasite/host relationship & indicate which is the parasite & which is the host.
28. If two species live together & each benefits from the other this is a ______________ relationship.
29. Give 2 examples of endoparasites & exoparasites.
30. What are the four factors that change populations?
31. What type of information causes a graph to take on a J-shaped curve? An S-Shaped curve?
32. List the 3 distribution patterns & give an example of each of them.
33. Using the words from the water cycle, explain how water is returned to the Earth and then how it is
returned to the atmosphere.
34. What are the 2 main processes involved in the carbon cycle?
35. Why must we consume organisms to get nitrogen when the atmosphere is made up of 78% nitrogen?
36. What is a biome?
37. What factors determine a biome?
38. Which biome has a canopy?
39. Which biome is very cold at night but very hot in the daytime?
40. Which biome contains trees such as: Oak, Maple, and Apple Trees?
41. Which biome is consider a cold dessert?
42. Which biome is the most species rich biome?
43. Which biome has permafreeze?
44. Which biome is used today mainly for farming?
45. Which biome has large herds of grazing animals?
46. Which biome has tree with cones?
47. Which biome takes up most of Russia?
48. Explain Primary Succession and give an example.
49. Explain Secondary Succession & give an example.
50. The first plants to take root at the start of succession are ____________.
51. Which part(s) of the Oceanic Zone does not receive sunlight?
52. In what aquatic zone would you find pods of whales?
53. In what aquatic zone would you find heat vents?
54. In what aquatic zone would has the most salinity? The least salinity?
55. Name two freshwater zones.
56. Which aquatic zone is a mix of fresh & salt water?
57. What is behavior? Give an example of behavior.
58. Give 3 examples of adaptive behavior.
59. What is innate behavior?
60. What two types of innate behavior did we discuss? Give an example of each.
61. What is migration?
62. What triggers animals to migrate?
63. Give 2 examples of animals that migrate?
64. What are the physical responses to hibernation?
65. Why is learned behavior important?
66. What is a mechanical defense? Give 3 examples.
67. How is camouflage helpful to animal?
68. How does counter-shading work?
69. Explain the relationship of carbon-dioxide and global-warmng.
70. Explain what caused the holes in the ozone & how these holes can affect Earth.