Title: A Systematic Review of Occupational Exposure to H2S in Livestock Operations
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS
Search Strategies: Conceptual Groups of Search Terms
CONCEPT #1: Livestock
CONCEPT #2: H2S
Pigs
Hydrogen sulfide
Hogs
Hydrogen sulphide
Swine
H2S
Poultry
Hydrosulfuric acid
Chicken
Hydrogen sulfuric acid
Fowl
Hydrogen sulphuric acid
Dairy
Hydrosulphuric acid
Cow Barn
Sulfureted hydrogen,
Livestock
Hepatic gas
Farm
Stink damp,
Farms
Sulphur Hydride
Farming
Sulphurated hydrogen
Sulfur hydride,
Sulfurated hydrogen,
DihydrogenMonosulfide,
DihydrogenMonosulphide
Dihydrogensulphide
Dihydrogen sulfide
Sewer gas
Sour Gas
Combine all of these with “OR”
Combine all of these with “OR”
Combine concepts 1 and 2 with “AND”
OVID Medline database
"pig*" OR "hog*" OR "swine" OR "poultry" OR "chicken" OR "fowl" OR "dairy" OR "cow
barn" OR "livestock" OR "farm*"
"pigs" OR "hogs" OR "swine" OR "poultry" OR "chicken" OR "fowl" OR "dairy" OR "cow
barn" OR "livestock" OR "farm" OR "farming" OR "farms"
AND
hydrogen sulfide OR hydrogen sulphide OR h2s OR hydrosulfuric acid OR hydrogen sulfuric
acid OR hydrogen sulphuric acid OR hydrosulphuric acid OR sulfureted hydrogen OR hepatic
gas OR stink damp OR sulphur hydride OR sulphurated hydrogen OR sulfur hydride OR
sulfurated hydrogen OR hydrogen monosulphide OR hydrogen monosulfide OR sewer gas OR
sour gas
1
Draft Screening Tool
Screening questions
1) Is the study in English?
a) No – exclude
b) Yes – go to step 2
2) Is the study between 1990 and 2014?
a) No – exclude
b) Yes - go to step 3
3) Does it relate to an industrial livestock operation?
a) No (i.e. small farms, crops) – exclude
Yes (i.e. swine, poultry, cattle) – go to step 4
4) Does the study describe an observational method?
a) No (i.e. experimental setting (laboratory)) – exclude
b) Yes– go to step 5
5) Does the article have in-barn measurements?
a) No (i.e. outside, residential) – exclude
b) Yes– go to step 6
6) Does the study provide measured concentrations of H2S?
a) No – exclude
b) Yes– go to step 7
7) Are the measurements from area/personal monitors?
a) No (i.e. survey) – exclude
b) Yes – go to step 8
8) Does it describe humans?
a) No (i.e. based on animal exposure) – exclude
b) Yes - Include
2
Full list of all published articles included in the review
1) ACGIH ACoIH: TLVs and BEIs: Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and
Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. Cincinnati, OH., 2012
2) Almuhanna, E. A. (2011). Characteristics of air contaminants in naturally and mechanically
ventilated poultry houses in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Transactions of the ASABE, 54(4),
1433-1443.
3) Barrasa, M., Lamosa, S., Fernandez, M. D., & Fernandez, E. (2012). Occupational exposure
to carbon dioxide, ammonia and hydrogen sulphide on livestock farms in north-west Spain.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine : AAEM, 19(1), 17-24.
4) Blunden, J., Aneja, V. P., & Westerman, P. W. (2008). Measurement and analysis of
ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emissions from a mechanically ventilated swine confinement
building in North Carolina. Atmospheric Environment, 42(14), 3315-3331. doi:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.040
5) Burns, R. (2010). Hydrogen Sulfide Spatial Distribution and Worker Exposure in Swine
Houses. National Pork Board, 08(119), 23.
6) Chenard, L., Lemay, S. P., & Lague, C. (2003). Hydrogen sulfide assessment in shallow-pit
swine housing and outside manure storage. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health, 9(4),
285-302.
7) Eduard, W., Pearce, N., & Douwes, J. (2009). Chronic bronchitis, COPD, and lung function
in farmers: the role of biological agents. Chest, 136(3), 716-725.
8) Feilberg, A., Liu, D., Adamsen, A. P. S., Hansen, M. J., & Jonassen, K. E. N. (2010).
Odorant emissions from intensive pig production measured by online proton-transferreaction mass spectrometry. Environmental science & technology, 44(15), 5894-5900.
9) Furtado, D. A., Amancio, D., Do Nascimento, J. W. B., Gomes, J. P., & Silva, R. C. (2012).
Thermal performance and concentration of gases in facilities for pigs in semiarid region from
state of paraiba - Brazil. Engenharia Agricola, 32(1), 30-37.
10) Groves, J. A., & Ellwood, P. A. (1991). Gases in agricultural slurry stores. The Annals of
Occupational Hygiene, 35(2), 139-151.
11) Hansen, M. J., Adamsen, A. P. S., Pedersen, P., & Feilberg, A. (2012). Prediction of odor
from pig production based on chemical odorants. Journal of environmental quality, 41(2),
436-443.
12) Hoff, S. J., Bundy, D. S., Nelson, M. A., Zelle, B. C., Jacobson, L. D., Heber, A. J., . . .
Beasley, D. B. (2006). Emissions of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and odor before, during,
and after slurry removal from a deep-pit swine finisher. Journal of the Air & Waste
Management Association (1995), 56(5), 581-590.
13) Karageorgos, P., Latos, M., Mpasiakos, C., Chalarakis, E., Dimitrakakis, E., Daskalakis, C., .
. . Kalogerakis, N. (2010). Characterization and dispersion modeling of odors from a piggery
facility. Journal of environmental quality, 39(6), 2170-2178.
14) Kim, K. Y., Jong Ko, H., Tae Kim, H., Shin Kim, Y., Man Roh, Y., Min Lee, C., & Nyon
Kim, C. (2008). Quantification of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emitted from pig buildings
in Korea. Journal of environmental management, 88(2), 195-202.
15) Kim, K. Y., Ko, H. J., Choi, H. L., Kim, H. T., Kim, Y. S., Roh, Y. M., . . . Kim, C. N.
(2007). Farmer and Pig Exposure to Aerial Contaminants in a Pig Confinement Building.
Transactions of the ASABE., 50(3), 993-998.
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16) Kim, K. Y., Ko, H. J., Kim, H. T., Kim, Y. S., Roh, Y. M., & Kim, C. N. (2007). Effect of
ventilation rate on gradient of aerial contaminants in the confinement pig building.
Environmental research, 103(3), 352-357.
17) Kim, K. Y., Ko, H. J., Kim, H. T., Kim, Y. S., Roh, Y. M., Lee, C. M., & Kim, C. N. (2007).
Influence of extreme seasons on airborne pollutant levels in a pig-confinement building.
Archives of environmental & occupational health, 62(1), 27-32.
18) Kim, K. Y., Ko, H. J., Kim, H. T., Kim, Y. S., Roh, Y. M., Lee, C. M., & Kim, C. N. (2007).
Monitoring of aerial pollutants emitted from Swine houses in Korea. Environmental
monitoring and assessment, 133(1-3), 255-266.
19) Kim, K. Y., Ko, H. J., Kim, H. T., Kim, Y. S., Roh, Y. M., Lee, C. M., . . . Kim, C. N.
(2007). Sulfuric odorous compounds emitted from pig-feeding operations. Atmospheric
Environment, 41(23), 4811-4818.
20) Kim, K. Y., Ko, H. J., Lee, K. J., Park, J. B., & Kim, C. N. (2005). Temporal and spatial
distributions of aerial contaminants in an enclosed pig building in winter. Environmental
research, 99(2), 150-157.
21) Kim, K.-Y., Ko, H.-J., Kim, H.-T., Kim, C.-N., Kim, Y.-S., & Roh, Y.-M. (2008). Effect of
manual feeding on the level of farmer's exposure to airborne contaminants in the confinement
nursery pig house. Industrial health, 46(2), 138-143.
22) Kocaman, B., Yanik, R., & Yaganoglu, A. M. (2012). Effect of inner environmental
conditions of poultry house on harmful gases and dust. Journal of Animal and Veterinary
Advances, 11(8), 1275-1277.
23) Kullman, G. J., Thorne, P. S., Waldron, P. F., Marx, J. J., Ault, B., Lewis, D. M., . . .
Merchant, J. A. (1998). Organic dust exposures from work in dairy barns. American
Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 59(6), 403-413.
24) Lobeck, K. M., Endres, M. I., Janni, K. A., Godden, S. M., & Fetrow, J. (2012).
Environmental characteristics and bacterial counts in bedding and milk bulk tank of low
profile cross-ventilated, naturally ventilated, and compost bedded pack dairy barns. Applied
Engineering in Agriculture, 28(1), 117-128.
25) Louhelainen, K., Kangas, J., Veijanen, A., & Viilos, P. (2001). Effect of in situ composting
on reducing offensive odors and volatile organic compounds in swineries. AIHAJ : A Journal
for the Science of Occupational and Environmental Health and Safety, 62(2), 159-167.
26) Ni, J. Q., Chai, L., Chen, L., Bogan, B. W., Wang, K., Cortus, E. L., . . . Diehl, C. A. (2012).
Characteristics of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and particulate matter
concentrations in high-rise and manure-belt layer hen houses. Atmospheric Environment, 57,
165-174.
27) Ni, J. Q., Heber, A. J., Diehl, C. A., & Lim, T. T. (2000). Ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and
carbon dioxide release from pig manure in under-floor deep pits. Journal of Agricultural
Engineering Research, 77(1), 53-66.
28) Ni, J. Q., Heber, A. J., Diehl, C. A., Lim, T. T., Duggirala, R. K., & Haymore, B. L. (2002).
Characteristics of hydrogen sulphide concentrations in mechanically ventilated swine
buildings. Canadian Biosystems Engineering / Le Genie des biosystems au Canada, 44, 6.1116.20.
29) Parbst, K. E., Keener, K. M., Heber, A. J., & Ni, J. Q. (2000). Comparison between low-end
discrete and high-end continuous measurements of air quality in swine buildings. Applied
Engineering in Agriculture, 16(6), 693-699.
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30) Patni, N. K., & Clarke, S. P. (1991). Transient hazardous conditions in animal building due
to manure gas released during slurry mixing. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 7(4), 478484.
31) Peterson, M. (2008). Hydrogen Sulphide Awareness: Liquid Manure Handling Systems.
32) Predicala, B., Alvarado, A. (2013). Assessment of occupational exposure risk of workers to
dust, gases and noise in swine grow-finish facilities. Paper presented at the ASABE Annual
International Meeting, Kansas City, Missouri.
33) Reeve, K. A., Peters, T. M., & Anthony, T. R. (2013). Wintertime factors affecting
contaminant distribution in a swine farrowing room. Journal of occupational and
environmental hygiene, 10(6), 287-296.
34) Sun, G., Guo, H., & Peterson, J. (2010). Seasonal odor, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and
carbon dioxide concentrations and emissions from swine grower-finisher rooms. Journal of
the Air & Waste Management Association (1995), 60(4), 471-480.
35) Sun, G., Guo, H., Peterson, J., Predicala, B., & Lague, C. (2008). Diurnal odor, ammonia,
hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide emission profiles of confined swine grower/finisher
rooms. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995), 58(11), 1434-1448.
36) Sutton, A. (2006). Quantification of gas and odor emissions from swine wean-finish
facilities. National Pork Board, 04(46), 15.
37) Thorne, P. S., Ansley, A. C., & Perry, S. S. (2009). Concentrations of bioaerosols, odors, and
hydrogen sulfide inside and downwind from two types of swine livestock operations. Journal
of occupational and environmental hygiene, 6(4), 211-220.
38) Trabue, S., Scoggin, K., Mitloehner, F., Li, H., Burns, R., & Xin, H. (2008). Field sampling
method for quantifying volatile sulfur compounds from animal feeding operations.
Atmospheric Environment, 42(14), 3332-3341.
39) Wenger, I. (2004). Workplace Air Contaminant Exposures of Specialty-Area Pig Barn
workers. (Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciences), Unviersity of Alberta, Edmonton,
Alberta.
40) Wilhelm, L. R., & McKinney, D. B. (2001). Environmental measurements in production
swine facilities. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 17(5), 669-675.
41) Zhang, Y., Tanaka, A., Dosman, J. A., Senthilselvan, A., Barber, E. M., Kirychuk, S. P., . . .
Hurst, T. S. (1998). Acute respiratory responses of human subjects to air quality in a swine
building. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 70(4), 367-373.
42) Zhao, L. Y., Brugger, M. F., Manuzon, R. B., Arnold, G., & Imerman, E. (2007). Variations
in Air Quality of New Ohio Dairy Facilities with Natural Ventilation Systems. Applied
engineering in agriculture., 23(3), 339-346.
43) Zhou, X., Zhang, Q. (2003). Measurements of odour and hydrogen sulfide emissions from
swine barns. Canadian Biosystems Engineering / Le Genie des biosystems au Canada, 45, 6.
44) Zhu, J., Jacobson, L., Schmidt, D., & Nicolai, R. (2000). Daily variations in odor and gas
emissions from animal facilities. Applied engineering in agriculture., 16(2), 153-158.
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