Hurricane safety infromation
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Table of Contents
How hurricanes are created….page 2,3,4,5
Hurricane damage prevention…..page6, 7
Hurricane safety checklist…..page8,
References …….page
How hurricanes are created
Hurricane requires at least three conditions.
One, the ocean must be warm enough at
the surface to put enough heat and
moisture into the overflying atmosphere to
provide the potential fuel for the
thermodynamic engine that a hurricane
becomes. Two, atmospheric moisture from
sea water evaporation must combine with
that heat and energy to form the powerful
engine needed to propel a hurricane.
Three, a wind pattern must be near the
ocean surface to spiral air inward. Bands of
thunder storms form, allowing the higher
levels are relatively; this structure can
remain intact and grow stronger: the
beginning of a hurricane!
Often, the feature that triggers the
development of a hurricane is some preexisting weather disturbances in the
tropical circulation. For example, some of
the largest and most destructive hurricanes
originate from weather disturbances that
form as squall lines over Western Africa
and subsequently move westward off the
coast and over warm water, where they
gradually intensify into hurricanes.
Hurricane winds in the northern
hemisphere circulate clockwise around the
hurricane s centre which is called the eye.
While the hurricane winds in the
southern hemisphere circulate clockwise.
The eye of the hurricane is the calmest part
of the hurricane. It is usually 20 to 30 miles
wide (the hurricane itself may extend to
about 400 miles). The most violent activity
takes place around the eye which is called
the eye wall. At the top of the eye wall it is
up to 50, 00 feet, most of the air is
propelled outward, increasing the air’s
upward motion. Some of the air however
moves inward and sinks into the eye,
creating a cloud free area.
Hurricanes are a huge heat engine,
converting the warmth of the tropical
oceans and atmospheres into wind and
waves. The heat dissipates as the system
moves toward the poles, sometimes
causing great deal of hardship for people
living along the vulnerable coastlines.
NASA scientists are using te TRMM satellite
to understand which parts of the hurricane
produce rainfall and why. In addition,
TRMM may answer question of how much
latent heat” fuel” hurricanes release into the
atmosphere and whether they effect
global weather patterns.
People endangered can use TRMM to be
more precise of the path and intensity of
the storm.
Hurricane damage prevention
 Know the risk- contact your local
emergency management office or
building department or visit the
Project Impact web site at
www.fema.gov/impact to learn
about potential risks areas for you
community.
 Know your local evacuation and
shelter plan. Establish an out-of-state
family contact and make plans to
take care of pets in the event of a
disaster.
 Promptly and properly dispose of
hazardous materials
 Talk with an insurance agent to
ensure that you have adequate
flood insurance.
 Keep your yard free of debris that
could become projectiles in high
winds.
 Make a list of items to bring inside in
the event of a hurricane watch.
 Install storm shutters on windows.
 Install head and foot bolts to secure
entry doors at the top and bottom
 Trim dead or overhanging branches
from the trees surrounding you
home
 Ensure that roof sheathing is
properly installed.
 Reinforce your roof with straps and
bracing.
 When re- roofing, remove old roof
shingles , add more nails to roof
boards and use high-wind resistant
shingles
 Reinforce garage doors. Anchor
compressors, carports and other
exterior items.
Hurricane safety checklist:
 Listen to the weather on the
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radio
Check disaster supplies and
replace if needed
Bring in anything that can be
picked by the wind (bicycles,
Lawn furniture).
Close windows and doors with
hurricane shutters, close and
board with plywood.
Turn the refrigerator and freezer
to the highest temperature in
case of power outage and keep
them close as much as possible.
Turn off propane tanks and
unplug small appliances.
Fill car up with gas
Talk with members of your
household and create an
evacuation plan. Planning and
practicing your evacuation plan
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minimizes confusion and fear
during the event
Evacuate if advised by
authorities. Be careful to avoid
flooded roads and washed out
bridges.
Have a three day water supply
at least.
Food supply for three days at
least
Battery or hand-crank
radio(NOAA weather radio, if
possible).
Extra batteries
First aid kit
Medication(7 day supply) and
medical items (hearing aids
with extra batteries, glasses,
contact lenses ,syringesand
cane).
Multipurpose tool
Sanitation and personal
hygiene items
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Copies of personal documents
like (licenses, passports,
medication list, medical
information, proof of address
,deed/lead to home, birth
certificate and insurance
policies )
Cell phone with charger
Family and emergency
contact information
Extra cash
Emergency blanket
Map of the area
Baby supplies
Pet supplies ( leash, collar Id,
food, carrier and bowl.)
Tool/supplies( for securing
your home)
Extra set of car keys and
house keys
Extra clothing, hat and sturdy
shoes
Rain gear
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Insect repellent and sunscreen
Camera for photos of damage
Continue to listen to weather
for updates
Stay alert for extended rainfall
and subsequent flooding
even after the hurricane of
tropical storm
If you evacuated return home
if officials say it is ok
Drive only if necessary and
avoid flood flooded road and
washed out bridges
Keep away from loose or
dandling power lines and
report them immediately to
the power company
Use flashlights in the dark do
not us e candles
Stay out of houses
surrounded with water
Inspect your house ,take
picture e of damage , both
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the building and its contents,
for insurance.
Avoid drinking water or
preparing food with tap water
until you are sure it is not
contaminated.
Check refrigerator for
spoilage. If in doubt, throw it
out
Wear protective clothing and
be cautious when cleaning
up to avoid injury
Watch animals closely and
keep them under control.
Use telephone only for
emergency calls.
References:
www.fema.gov
redcross.org /safeandwell
http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive
/hurricane/creation.html