St. Mary’s, Prittlewell,
Church of England Primary School
First Aid Policy
“…a safe, caring Christian community…”
2013
Policy Document Details
Policy Written
Date Authorised
Person responsible
Next Review
Budget allocation
Details of training
January 2012
January 2012
Mrs Neil
Autumn Term 2013
Yes
See attached training log
First Aid At Work Certificate
Kim Stokes - Office
Lesley Walden – Upper Corridor
Siobhan Simmonett – Upper Corridor
Charlotte Clee (on Maternity leave)
Expires 15th November 2016
Expires 29th June 2016
To be taken 2nd December 2013
Expires 6th December 2015
First Aid for Child Care Practitioners certificate
Nicky Bacon – Early Years
Maria Coakley – Early Years
Lisa Copsey – Early Years - Teacher
Yvonne Perriton – Early Years
Jenny Cook – Year 1 - Teacher
Expires November 2014
Expires November 2014
Expires November 2014
Expires November 2014
Expires January 2015
ST. MARY’S, PRITTLEWELL, CHURCH OF ENGLAND PRIMARY SCHOOL
First Aid Policy and Procedures
(Local Authority guidance is attached)
The school aims to maintain the highest standards of care for all its staff, children
and visitors whilst on site and on activities and visits off site. We aim to deal
effectively with injuries and illness and respond appropriately and in a timely manner.
Induction and Information
All staff, regular visitors and volunteers are informed of our First Aid procedures.
First Aid Certificates are displayed in the medical room.
First Aiders and Provision
The school has assessed the number of First aiders needed in relation to the
number of children adults and visitors on site, the need for cover arrangements for
lunch breaks and absence, the different locations in which we operate, and the need
to provide coverage across the times that the school is open. In addition to First Aid
at Work trained staff we also train many of the Early years’ and Learning Support
Assistants in Paediatric first Aid. In the unlikely event of an appointed First Aider not
being present, then the Headteacher or Deputy would take on the role as lead in
relation to the incident, accident or illness.
Most staff have achieved their Basic First Aid Certificates. All staff are offered yearly
training in Asthma and Allergic Reaction procedures. (please see attached list)
First Aid boxes are located in the Medial Room, School Office, Early Years and
upper corridor Area. Midday staff hold the Basic First Aid certificate. If the child’s
injury or illness is more serious, they are taken to the school office for attention.
If necessary the First Aid staff or any other member of staff, when necessary, will
call an ambulance to attend. Caretaking staff are trained to direct ambulance
vehicles using the nearest, safe route.
We hold a number of mobile first aid bags for use on trips. We ensure adequate first
aid cover is in place for all our children whilst ‘off site’ and on ‘residential’ visits. We
have enough staff trained to ensure first aid cover can be provided at all times during
school opening hours. The school office houses a First Aid station with a rest area
which is supervised at all times.
Hygiene Procedures
The school follows the Local Authority guidance on hygiene, protective equipment
and handling and storing COSHH substances. (See attached guidance.)
First aiders are aware of the risk of blood borne viruses and how to minimise the risk
to themselves and others. Caretaking staff have been trained to be are aware of the
procedure to deal with needlestick injury – Caretaking staff check the school/outside
area on a daily, (see attached.)
Records and Management of Accidents
All accidents to staff or other adults, including near misses are recorded and
investigated.
A record is also kept of incidents, accidents and illness to children together with any
first aid given. Bumped heads are always notified to parents/ carers by a note given
to them at the end of the day or sooner if assessed as necessary. Records are
analysed on a termly basis to identify any specific causes and an action plan to
address any issues is produced and carried out. This process is carried out
separately but using the same format in the Early Years Area.
Any significant, relevant incident is notified to the LA and the Health and Safety
Executive (HSE) under the RIDDOR regulations.
The school follows the guidance contained in the attached document as good
practice and the information has been shared with first aid staff and any contractors
with a responsibility for first aid whilst on site.
Attached documents:
 Managing Health and Safety in Schools: First Aid (LA guide)
 First Aid Guidance (LA guide)
 DFE Guidance on First Aid for Schools
Other relevant documents:
 LA guidance on Communicable Disease (held in school office)
 Policy and procedure for Administration and Storage of Medicines (in
policy folder)
First Aid in School Kitchen
Two members of staff, Janet Willard and Lisa Robinson have recently renewed their
Basic First Aid certificates.
Two other members of staff, Karen Loker and Linda Davidson-Holmes are waiting to
take theirs as soon as possible.
In the kitchen there is a First Aid box. Blue detectable plasters are used in line with
the Food Hygiene policy. Any cuts are dressed with a blue plaster and if needed for
hygiene protection a blue glove is worn.
Reporting
The School Kitchen have their own accident reporting folder. All accidents are
reported to the Head of Kitchen, Janet Willard, which are then recorded and passed
to Mrs Neil the Headteacher to be made aware with any recommendations.
If necessary, Janet Willard, ro any other First Aider would call an ambulance if
necessary.
Illness Reporting
The School Kitchen adhere to the Food Safety Policy. All illnesses, i.e. sickness,
rashes, etc. reported to Janet Willard.
With sickness or bugs, staff are to be absent for 48 hours from last bout of sickness
or upset stomach.
Discussed with staff:
Agreed with Governors:
November 2013
Reviewed by Governing Body:
Autumn Term 2013
FIRST AID TRAINING CERTIFICATES with St Johns
First aid at Work Qualification - FULL
Kim Stokes
Charlotte Clee
Lesley Walden
Siobhan Simmonett
Expires 15/11/2016
Expires 06/12/2015
Expires 29/06/2016
To take December 13
1 Day Emergency at Work Qualification
Lisa Robinson
Siobhan Simmonett
Janet Willard
Expires 08/09/16
Expires 08/09/16
Expires 08/09/16
Basic First Aid Training - Carillon Pronto Training
Andrew Withams
Expires October 15
Maureen Dawson
Expires October 15
Suzanne Durban
Expires October 15
Jamie Larkin
Expires October 15
Lisa Mair
Expires October 15
Laura Harper
Expires October 15
Sarah Baldwin
Expires October 15
Heather Halliday
Expires October 15
Karen Luck
Expires October 15
Lydia Doa
Expires October 15
Joseph knock
Expires October 15
Hannah Ali Rowlingson
Expires October 15
Carol Drake
Expires October 15
Karen Loker
Expires October 15
Lynda Rhodes
Expires October 15
NEEDS TO RENEW
Sarah Kenyon
Sarah Bristow
Expires October 15
Marion Roberts-Smith
Expires June 16
Louise Raggett
Expires June 16
Gerri Smith
Expires June 16
Teresa Harrington Burnett
Expires June 16
Tracy Miller
Expires June 16
Susan Mihill
Expires June 16
Michelle Nuttman
Expires June 16
John Harverson
Expires June 16
First Aid for Child Care Practitioners
Nicky Bacon
Yvonne Perrotton
Maria Coakley
Lisa Copsey
Jenny cook
Expires Nov 14
Expires Nov 14
Expires Nov 14
Expires Nov 14
Expires Jan 15
SMASH / 1 day Emergency at Work
Nicola Ambrose
Nicola Whitehouse
Expires March 15
Expires March 15
Southend on Sea Borough Council
(Managing Health & Safety in Schools)
First Aid
1.3
1.3
Southend on Sea Borough Council
(Managing Health and Safety in Schools)
FIRST AID
Page Numbers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
First Aid
First Aiders and Appointed Persons
First Aid Provision in Primary School
Calling the Ambulance
First Aid Boxes
Use of Cotton Wool
Hygiene and First Aid Box
Protective Equipment
COSHH Assessment
3
3
3
3
3–4
4
4
5–6
6
1.
First Aid
1.1
The requirements for first aid are covered by the Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations.
However these only apply to employees. Nevertheless, it is necessary to make suitable
provision for pupils. The following indicates the requirements in a primary school in terms of
first aiders, appointed persons and first aid boxes. First Aid Boxes should be marked with a
white cross on a green background. First aid does not cover administration of medicine.
2.
First Aiders and Appointed Persons
2.1
A First Aider is a person who holds a current first aid certificate (valid for 3 years) issued by
an organisation whose training and qualifications are approved by the Health and Safety
Executive. The certificate course lasts 4 days and the refresher course 2 days.
2.2
A number of considerations must be taken into account when determining the requirement for
first aiders, e.g.: work undertaken, nature of establishment, number of employees and
proximity to emergency facilities. Primary schools are low risk establishments however a first
aider would normally be required not only for employees but to deal with incidents involving
children.
2.3
An Appointed Person is someone authorised to take charge of the situation in an emergency
(e.g. to call an ambulance). Where a first aider is not required (or in the temporary and
exceptional absence of a first aider) there must be an Appointed Person.
2.4
Whilst current legislation does not require Appointed Persons to be trained, Southend
Borough Council strongly encourages all such persons to undergo training in emergency aid.
3.
First Aid Provision in Primary Schools
3.1
As a minimum all primary schools must have a first aider and or appointed Person present at
all times the School is occupied. It is usual for the Headteacher and caretaker to be
Appointed Persons because this helps ensure cover outside normal hours. If they are not
present someone else must be appointed.
4.
Calling the Ambulance
4.1
For serious accidents to pupils (or staff) the main consideration is to avoid delay in securing
treatment. If the case is sufficiently serious to warrant hospital treatment (e.g. cases of
suspected fracture) the ambulance should be called immediately. If possible, arrangements
should be made for a member of staff to accompany an injured pupil in the ambulance.
Parents should be informed as soon as possible. Caretaking staff should have access to a
telephone outside normal school hours.
5.
First Aid Boxes
5.1
In a primary school normally one first aid box is sufficient provided it is reasonably accessible
to all staff. In addition, travelling first aids are required for any visits off site. Ensure first aid
boxes are available for caretaking staff.
5.2
The Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations and Approved Code of Practice (ACoP) lay
down the requirements for first aid in the workplace. The ACoP states that first aid kits should
contain a sufficient quantity of first aid material and nothing else. The list of items considered
suitable for inclusion in a first aid kit is given below. It does not include medication of any kind
or cotton wool.
The first aid box should contain and nothing else:
ITEM
Leaflet giving general guidance on First aid (e.g. HSE
leaflet)
Individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings
(assorted sizes)
Sterile eye pads
Individually wrapped triangular bandages (preferably
sterile_
Medium sized individually wrapped sterile nonmedicated wound dressings (approx. 18cm x 18cm)
Individually wrapped moist cleansing wipes
Disposable gloves (latex or vinyl)
WORKSITE
CONTAINERS
1
TRAVELLING
CONTAINERS
1
20
6
2
4
2
2
1
Not necessary
1 pair
Yes
1 pair
6
Use of Cotton Wool
6.1
Schools often enquire about the use of cotton wool in first aid. The Employment Medical
Advisory Service of the HSE advise that the reasons why cotton wool should not be used for
first aid are twofold.

Because cotton wool is fluffy and fibrous, it may stick to and contaminate the wound or eyes.

Cotton wool is usually supplied in large packs which once opened are no longer sterile.
6.2 Where possible dirty wounds should be cleaned by rinsing lightly under running water.
Alternatively sterile gauze or moist cleansing wipes (which are not impregnated with alcohol)
should be used. Whilst there are clear reasons why cotton wool must not be used in direct
contact with an open wound, it is recognised that schools have to deal with a large number of
minor injuries to pupils and the non use of cotton wool creates difficulties. Cotton wool can
therefore be used in the following circumstances:

As an absorbent outer layer or padding, provided a sterile gauze pad is in contact with the wound;

As a cold compress for bruises and strains;

To clean the area around a wound or injuries where there is no skin broken

Once opened it is kept in a clean container or sealed polythene bag;

It is not kept in the first aid box;

Clear instructions not to use cotton wool on open wounds or eyes are given to persons who
may administer first aid; and

The container/bag labeled & dated & not used after a year of the purchase date
7
Hygiene and First Aid
7.1
The risks to first aiders and others dealing with spillage’s of body fluids are so small as to be
virtually non-existent. Nevertheless the maintenance of good hygiene standards is important.
8
Protective equipment

Vinyl or latex disposable gloves (polythene disposable gloves with seams are unsuitable)

Resuscitate aids (for use in mouth to mouth resuscitation)

Disposable aprons
8.1
Precautions:

Assume body fluids (blood, vomit, urine etc.) may be infectious and always follow hygiene
procedures.

Always wash hands before and after applying dressings.

Cuts and abrasions on exposed skin of the first aider should be covered with a waterproof
adhesive dressing before treating casualty.

Disposable gloves should be worn if contact with body fluids likely.

Resuscitate aids should be used for mouth to mouth resuscitation.

The type of mouth piece known as a "rigid airway" may only be used by first aiders specifically
trained in its use.

Skin that has been in contact with another person's blood, vomit etc. should be washed with soap
as soon as possible.

Splashes into eyes or mouth should be rinsed freely with clean cold water.

Puncture wounds should be encouraged to bleed freely. They should be washed with soap (not
around eyes) and water and covered with a sterile dressing.

Blood and other body fluid spillages should be cleaned using whatever absorbent materials are
available e.g. toilet paper, paper towels. Disposable gloves and aprons should be worn when
cleaning such spills.

Disinfect spillage area with bleach or other chlorine releasing compound.
The table indicates some common products and the correct dilution:
Product
Dilution*
Product: Cold Water
Household bleach (Sodium
solution) 5% available chlorine
hypochlorite
1:10
Baby bottle washing disinfectant e.g. Milton
(Sodium hypochlorite solution) 2% available
chlorine
1:3
Products with 1 % available chlorine
1:1
9
COSHH Assessment:
9.1
These disinfecting products are irritating to the skin/eyes and can be harmful if swallowed.
Contact with acid can liberate chlorine gas as can dilution in hot water. Provided
manufacturers instructions and the control measures below are adhered to the risk will be
adequately controlled.





store in original containers, upright in a cool place not accessible to children.
ensure they cannot come into contact with acids.
wear gloves.
wear eye protection if risk of undiluted liquid splashing eye.
wash hands after use.
9.2
The risks of infection from body fluids etc. will be adequately controlled provided the above
hygiene procedures are followed.
10
Disposal
10.1
Disposable gloves and aprons, together with contaminated absorbent material and dressings,
should be disposed of in sealed yellow plastic bags marked clinical waste bio-hazard and
disposed of as clinical waste.
Southend-on-Sea Borough Council
First Aid Guidance
Southend-on-Sea Borough Council
First Aid Guidance
1.0
Introduction
This guidance document, is designed to assist Headteachers and Managers in
making their own arrangements for first aid provision for all aspects of activities and
including all employees, pupils and visitors to the school/establishment.
All schools/establishments should develop and formalise procedures for dealing with
first aid, based upon an assessment of need. These procedures should cover
personnel, nature of establishment, equipment and practices and be designed in
accord with the legal standards.
Guidance on the following matters are provided within this document;
1.0
Introduction
2.0
3.0
Assessment of need – areas to consider
Personnel (first aiders, numbers required
and appointed persons)
First aid training provision
First aid equipment (minimum stock, allergies to “plasters”,
additional materials, travelling first aid kits
Use of Cotton Wool
Facilities (first aid rooms, site access
for emergency services)
Transferring pupils to hospital etc
Accident / incident reporting
Health and Safety Executive assessment checklist
Arrangements for first aid provision – DfES checklist
Blood-borne viruses and first aid
Needlestick Injury
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
Appendix 1
Guidance on the safe use of Latex Gloves
Page
2
2
3-5
5
5-7
7
7–9
9 - 10
10
11 - 12
13
14 - 15
15
16 - 18
Schools may also wish to refer to the DfES publication “Guidance on first aid for
schools –
a good practice guide” which is available as a pdf document on the Health and
Safety web
pages, (www.dfes.gov.uk). .
2.0
Assessment of need – areas to consider
The following areas should be considered when assessing the need for first aid in a
School/establishment;






Hazards presented by the work;
Level of risk presented by hazards;
Number and nature of staff;
Number and nature of pupils;
Number of sites / buildings;
Location of sites / buildings;




Accident history;
Travelling, remote and lone workers;
Staff working on shared or multi-occupied sites;
Leave / absences of first aiders and appointed persons.
Following
the
assessment
and
using
the
information
gathered,
Headteachers/Managers should determine the personnel, equipment and facilities
that are required and take steps to ensure they are provided and maintained.
3.0
Personnel
First Aiders
First aiders are persons who have been trained in accordance with standards set by
the
Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Prior to becoming trained, staff should be
selected taking into account their:




reliability, disposition and communication skills;
aptitude and ability to absorb new knowledge and learn new skills;
ability to cope with stressful and physically demanding emergency procedures;
normal duties; these should be such that they may be left to go immediately and
rapidly to an emergency.
On completion of their training the HSE suggests that first aiders need to be able to
apply
the following competencies:
a) the ability to act safely, promptly and effectively when an emergency occurs at
work;
b) the ability to administer cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) promptly and
effectively;
c) the ability to administer first aid safely, promptly and effectively to a casualty who
is
unconscious;
d) the ability to administer first aid safely, promptly and effectively to a casualty who
is
wounded or bleeding;
e) the ability to administer first aid safely, promptly and effectively to a casualty who:
 has been burned or scalded;
 is suffering from an injury to bones, muscles or joints;
 is suffering from shock;
 has an eye injury;
 may be poisoned;
 has been overcome by gas or fumes.
f) the ability to transport a casualty safely as required by the circumstances of the
workplace; (i.e. where leaving the casualty in a given location would be
dangerous)
g) the ability to recognise common major illness and take appropriate action;
h) the ability to recognise minor illnesses and take appropriate action;
i) the ability to maintain simple factual records and provide written information to a
doctor or hospital if required.
First aiders will also be required to demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of
the
principles of first aid at work, in particular;
a) the importance of personal hygiene in first aid procedures;
b) the legal framework for first aid provision at work;
c) the use of first aid equipment provided in the workplace;
d) the role of the first aider in emergency procedures.
To ensure these competencies are maintained First Aid at Work certificates are only
valid
for three years and re-qualification training is required prior to their expiry. Once the
certificate has expired the person is no longer a first aider and full training will be
required if they wish to remain in this role. (please note comments under First Aid
Training Provision, page 4)
How many first aiders are required ?
While the Regulations do not specify the number of first aiders required, the
Approved Code of Practice (ACoP) suggests the following as an appropriate
minimum for lower risk places of work, including schools;
Fewer than 50 employees - at least one appointed person.
50 – 100 employees - at least one first aider.
More than 100 employees - one additional first aider for every 100 employed
When deciding on actual numbers, Headteachers/Managers should consider cover
for absences, remoteness of the premises, separate buildings, etc.
Whilst the provisions do not specifically apply to pupils/students as they are not at
work, the guidance of the DfES and Southend-on-Sea Borough Council strongly
recommends that pupils/students are taken into account when assessing need.
As a minimum, schools should have two qualified first aiders thereby ensuring that
one is on site during normal operating times with larger establishments requiring
proportionally more. Secondary schools, for example, will need to consider having
sufficient first aiders to cover areas such as science, design and technology and
physical education. The arrangements established should take into account all
aspects of the working day including cleaning, shift work, etc.
In registered services there are specific requirements. For example, the person in
charge should have completed the HSE First Aid Certificate and all other staff, where
possible, should have Basic First Aid Training.
Appointed persons
Where first aiders are not available the Headteacher/Manager has a responsibility to
appoint a person or persons to take charge of the first aid arrangements. These
appointed persons do not have to be formally trained but need to have sufficient
knowledge and information on the first aid provisions to be able to take charge.
Short courses are available for appointed persons and cover;




4.0
what to do in an emergency
cardio-pulmonary resuscitation
first aid for the unconscious casualty
first aid for the wounded or bleeding
First aid training provision
To meet the requirements, training courses for the full First Aid at Work Certificate
(four days duration), the First Aid at Work Certificate re-qualification (two day
duration) and the First Aid for an Appointed Person (one day duration) are arranged
centrally by the Health and Safety Team and advertised to schools/departments via
e-mail and bulletins.
5.0
First aid equipment
Suitable and sufficient equipment should be provided based on an assessment of
the need. The container(s) should be readily accessible and clearly identified using
the standard sign of a white cross on a green background. The container(s) should
be capable of protecting the contents from dust and damp. Tablets and medications
should not be kept within the container.
The recommended contents for a standard first aid box are:
Item
Guidance leaflet
Sterile, individually wrapped,
adhesive dressings (plasters)*
Sterile eye pads
Triangular bandages
(preferably sterile)
Safety pins
Medium, un-medicated wound
dressing ~12cm x 12cm
(individually wrapped)
Large un-medicated wound
dressing (~18cm x 18cm)
Cleansing wipes
Disposable gloves **
1 -10
1
Number of persons to cover
11 - 20
21 - 50
1
1
51 - 100
1
20
40
60
100
2
4
6
8
4
6
8
10
6
12
12
12
6
9
12
14
2
3
4
6
10
1
10
2
20
3
40
5
* appropriate to the type of work (e.g. may be of a detectable type for food handlers)
and in assorted sizes. Note: “plasters” are a required item in the first aid container.
** powder-free latex examination gloves with low latex levels are normally suitable
The contents should be examined frequently and restocked as soon as possible after
use with sufficient supplies held in a back-up stock on site. Care should be taken to
discard items safely after the expiry date has passed.
Allergies to “plasters”
Some people do experience allergic reactions to “plasters”. It is the responsibility of
the individual employee or the parent(s) / carer(s) of the pupil to inform the
firstaider/school if such an allergy exists and in these circumstances it would be
sensible for the firstaider/school to have a supply of “hypo-allergenic” plasters
available.
Some schools may simply prefer to only stock this variety. If no prior knowledge of
such an allergy exists, normal first aid procedures should be followed by the first
aider / school; if an allergic reaction does then occur, medical assistance should be
sought appropriate to the severity of the reaction. In extreme circumstances,
emergency procedures may need to be instigated.
Additional materials and equipment
Scissors, adhesive tape, disposable aprons, individually wrapped alcohol-free moist
cleansing wipes where clean water is not available, may also be appropriate and can
be stored within the first aid container if there is room or stored separately as long as
they are
available for use if required.
The assessment may identify a need for items such as protective equipment, for
example, heat reflective foil blankets for casualties in PE / swimming situations;
these items should be securely stored near the first aid container, in the first aid
room or in the hazard-area (ie. swimming pool), as appropriate. Where mains tap
water is not readily available for eye irrigation, at least a litre of sterile water or sterile
normal saline (0.9%) in sealed, disposable containers should be provided. Once the
seal has been broken, the containers should not be kept for reuse and it should not
be used after the expiry date.
Travelling first-aid kits
Where the assessment identifies the need for travelling staff to be provided with first
aid equipment, the following items are considered suitable provisions;

.A leaflet giving general guidance on first aid (e.g. HSE leaflet Basic Advice on
First Aid
at Work provided as a separate pdf document)

Six individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings (“plasters” – see note on page
5)

One large sterile un-medicated dressing – approximately 18cm x 18cm

Two triangular bandages

Two safety pins

Individually wrapped moist cleansing wipes

One pair of disposable gloves; powder-free latex examination gloves with low
latex
levels are normally suitable
6.0
Use of Cotton Wool
The Employment Medical Advisory Service (EMAS) of the HSE advice that the
reasons why cotton wool should not be used for First Aid are two fold.

Because cotton wool is fluffy and fibrous, it may stick to and contaminate the
wound or eyes.

Cotton wool is usually supplied in large packs which once opened are no longer
sterile.
Where possible dirty wounds should be cleaned by rinsing lightly under running
water. Alternatively sterile gauze or moist cleansing wipes (which are not
impregnated with alcohol) should be used.
Whilst there are clear reasons why cotton wool must not be used in direct contact
with an open wound, it is recognised that schools have to deal with a large number
of minor injuries to pupils and the non use of cotton wool creates difficulties. Cotton
wool can therefore be used in the following circumstances:

As an absorbent outer layer or padding, provided a sterile gauze pad is in contact
with the wound;

As a cold compress for bruises and strains;

To clean the area around a wound or injuries where there is no skin broken

Once opened it is kept in a clean container or sealed polythene bag;

It is not kept in the First Aid box;

Clear instructions not to use cotton wool on open wounds or eyes are given to
persons who may administer First Aid; and

The container/bag labelled & dated & not used after a year of the purchase date
7.0
Facilities
First Aid Rooms
Larger schools/establishments, where the risks warrant it, may require a first aid
room which should;

be adequately stocked with first aid equipment

be accessible to stretchers

be clearly sign-posted


be large enough to hold a couch, with enough space at each side for people to
work, a
desk, a chair and any necessary additional equipment
have washable surfaces and adequate heating, ventilation and lighting

be kept clean, tidy, accessible and available for use at all times when employees
are
at work

be positioned as near as possible to the point of access for transport to hospital

display a notice on the door advising of the names, locations, and, if appropriate
telephone extensions of first aiders and how to contact them
And be provided with the following;

a sink with hot and cold running water

drinking water and disposable cups

soap and paper towels

a store for first aid materials

foot operated refuse containers lined with disposable yellow clinical waste bags
or a
container suitable for the safe disposal of clinical waste

a couch with waterproof protection and clean pillows and blankets

a chair

a telephone or other communication equipment

a record book for recording where first aid has been given
Ideally, first aid rooms should be reserved for the administration of first aid; where
not, the
facilities should be capable of being quickly made available.
Site Access for Emergency Services
Access to the site for ambulances etc should be available without delay. Where
access is restricted for security reasons, the procedures for summoning an
ambulance should include a designated person to open the gates etc.
In some circumstances it may be decided by the ambulance service that the “air
ambulance” is required to transport a casualty to hospital and, where feasible, that
landing within the school/establishment grounds is desirable. It will be the
responsibility of the helicopter pilot to determine the safety aspects of any given
landing site (atmospheric conditions, adjacent buildings, overhead cables, trees,
people on the ground etc) and the ambulance crew on the ground would direct other
aspects of the situation.
With the possible exception of those who do not have any large open area, schools
are advised to have in place a procedure to clear the proposed landing site (playing
field, playground etc) as a matter of urgency and ensure that all bystanders are
either kept away
or directed back into the building. Additional school staff may be required to achieve
this with minimal delay if the incident occurs at a break / lunch time when pupils are
playing outside.
8.0
Transferring employee/pupils to hospital etc
When a employee / pupil suffers an injury (or ill-health occurrence) a decision will be
made on what action is required. On-site first aid will usually be adequate in the
majority of cases but in some circumstances, further treatment at a hospital or other
medical facility may be necessary.
Emergencies
If it is deemed to be an “emergency” or an otherwise serious injury, it is expected
that an ambulance will be summoned. The use of an employees’ private vehicle
should not be used in these circumstances.
The emergency contacts procedure for the injured pupil will also be activated with
the parent(s) / carer(s) being advised to either come to the school or go direct to a
specified hospital. Where the parent(s) / carer(s) is/are able to accompany the pupil
in the ambulance, school employees will not usually need to be further involved. If
however the parent(s) / carer(s) will be meeting the pupil at hospital, a school
employee will need to accompany the pupil in the ambulance and arrangements
made for the employee to be able to return to school once the pupil is in the care of
the parent(s) / carer(s). Pupils should not be left unaccompanied at the hospital and
therefore the school employee may have a protracted wait for the arrival of the
parent(s) / carer(s).
Non-emergencies
In less serious situations where an ambulance is not required but it is considered
that a visit to hospital or other medical facility is still needed, schools should contact
the pupils’ parent(s) / carer(s) to inform them of the situation and request that they
arrange to collect their child from school and transport them accordingly. This is the
recommended method.
However, if the parent(s) / carer(s) do not have access to private transport and a taxi
is not
appropriate or available, the Headteacher has the discretion to arrange for a school
employee to take the injured pupil and their parent(s) / carer(s) to the nearest
hospital or other medical facility in the employees’ vehicle but a number of factors
will need to be considered before agreeing to this method;

the personal safety of the employee

the condition of the injured pupil and whether it is likely to deteriorate during the
journey

weather / road conditions at the time

whether adequate staffing cover for the employee is available within the school

whether the employees’ car is insured for business use (required where the
employee is claiming mileage)

condition / road-worthiness of the employees’ vehicle
No school employee should transport a pupil to hospital without another appropriate
adult
in the vehicle.
9.0
Accident / Incident reporting
It is important that accidents / incidents are promptly and correctly recorded on the
Council’s accident / incident report form and details are communicated speedily
(preferably by telephone) to the Health and Safety Team when an employee suffers
a “Major Injury” or a pupil / member of the public is taken directly to hospital.
First aiders / appointed persons may be required to complete this procedure
themselves or provide relevant information to someone else depending on the
schools’ /establishments own arrangements; these should be documented and made
known to all concerned.
All accidents, to employees and non employees, including near misses with the
potential for injury, or damage should be reported and recorded as soon as possible.
Agency staff, contractors, etc should also inform their own employer of any accidents.
Furthermore an investigation into the causes of all accidents should be carried out to
establish the likely cause(s) of the accident and to identify any action that can be
taken to eliminate or reduce the likelihood of further similar accidents occurring. The
level of detail recorded and the extent of any investigation should always be
commensurate with the level of severity of the accident.
In addition to the above, the requirements of RIDDOR (Reporting of Injuries, Diseases
and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995), a copy of which can be obtained
from the H&S Team should be observed. These regulations require certain injuries
and dangerous occurrences, including those to non-employees, to be notified
immediately to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), telephone number 0845 300
9923, fax number 0845 300 9924 or you can e-mail on riddor@natbrit.com. There is
also a web site providing assistance on making a RIDDOR report the address is:
www.riddor.gov.uk
In addition to the above some accidents may be defined as serious and should be
reported to the Health and Safety Team as soon as is possible.
10.0
Health and Safety Executive assessment check list
To assist employers in determining what is an appropriate provision for first aid the
Health
and Safety Executive (HSE) have provided the following checklist.
Aspects to consider
Impact on first aid provision
1
What are the risks of injury and ill health
arising from the work as identified in your
risk assessment?
If the risks are significant you may need
to employ first aiders.
2
Are there any specific risks?
e.g. working with;
. hazardous substances,
. dangerous tools,
. dangerous machinery,
. dangerous loads of animals
You will need to consider:
. specific training for first aiders,
. extra first aid equipment
. precise siting of first aid equipment
. informing emergency services
. first aid room
3
Are there parts of your establishment
where different levels of risk can be
identified (e.g. woodworking machinery)?
You will probably need to make different
levels of provision in different parts of the
establishment.
4
Are large numbers of people
employed on site?
You may need to employ first aiders to
deal with the higher probability of an
accident.
5
What is your record of accidents and
cases of ill health? What type are they
and where did they happen?
You may need to:
. locate your provision in certain areas;
. review the contents of the first aid box;
6
Are there inexperienced workers on site
or employees with disabilities or special
health problems?
You will need to consider:
. special equipment;
. local siting of equipment
7
Are the premises spread out, e.g. are
there several buildings on the site or
multi-floor buildings?
You will need to consider provision in
each building or on several floors.
8
Is there shift-work or out-of-hours
working?
Remember that there needs to be first
aid provision at all times people are at
work.
9
Is your workplace remote from
You will need to:
emergency medical services?
. inform local medical services of your
location;
. consider special arrangements with
the emergency services.
10
Do you have employees who travel
a lot or work alone?
You will need to:
. consider issuing personal first aid kits
and training staff in their use;
. consider issuing personal
communicators to employees.
11
Do any of your employees work at
sites occupied by other employers?
You will need to make arrangements with
the other site occupiers.
12
Do you have any work experience
trainees?
Remember that your first aid provision
must cover them.
13
Do members of the public visit your
premises?
You have no legal responsibilities for
non-employees but HSE strongly
recommends you include them in your
first aid provision.
14
Do you have employees with
reading or language difficulties?
You will need to make special
arrangements to give them first aid
information.
11.0
Arrangements for first aid provision –DfES checklist
The following checklist has been formulated by the DfES to enable schools to assess
their existing provision and identify areas for development.
1.
Are there an adequate number of trained first aiders to cover all locations
(especially identified hazard areas) allowing for staff absences and impending
retirements?
2.
Is there an up-to-date list of first aiders prominently displayed on notice
boards and at other strategic locations?
3.
Are there sufficient numbers of first-aid boxes on the premises, including
travelling kits for outside journeys?
4.
Is there a designated member of staff who is responsible for checking and
maintaining the contents of first-aid boxes and kits?
5.
Is there a properly equipped first aid room on the premises and, if so, does
each first aider have a key to it?
6.
Is there a prominently displayed up-to-date list of local hospital casualty
departments and GPs with addresses and telephone numbers for use in
emergencies?
7.
Is there a system for notifying the parent(s) or carer(s) when an accident
occurs?
8.
Are all treated accident cases recorded and basic details held centrally for
official notification?
9.
Is there a clear procedure for notifying potential hazards to the appropriate
authorities?
10.
Is there a general awareness throughout the school of the importance of
safety and provision for the basic training to cope with accidents and
emergencies?
11.
Is there an adequate supply of suitable signs and posters for display?
12.
Is there a need to review current procedures in order to:
a) reduce the risk of accidents on the premises?
b) ensure that all accidents are dealt with in the most speedily and
efficient way?
12.
Are staff aware of the procedures needed to reduce the risk of transmission of
blood-borne viruses in administering first aid?
14.
Are there any pupils with disabilities, medical conditions or allergies which
require special attention in case of accident or emergency? Who knows of
these pupils and of the special treatment or actions needed?
12.0
Blood-borne Viruses and First Aid
This guidance is based on the guidance contained in the Health and Safety
Executive leaflet “Blood-borne viruses in the workplace – Guidance for employers
and employees”
The following advice is offered to first aiders and all other persons who may have
cause to give first aid treatment where loss of blood or other body fluids is a
significant feature. The hygiene guidelines apply irrespective of whether a virus is
known to be present or not as they represent sound first aid procedures.
Hepatitis B, C, D and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which causes acquired
immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are the main Blood-borne Viruses (BBVs) that
are of concern within the workplace.
Within the workplace, BBVs are mainly transmitted by direct exposure to blood or
other body fluids contaminated with infected blood. Direct exposure can happen
through accidental contamination by a sharp instrument such as a needle or broken
glass. Infected blood may also spread through contamination of open wounds, skin
abrasions, skin damaged due to a condition such as eczema or through splashes to
the eyes, nose or mouth.
For first aiders in the workplace, the risk of being infected with a BBV while carrying
out their duties is small. There has been no recorded case of HIV or Hepatitis B virus
being passed on during mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and therefore the procedure
should not be withheld in a life saving emergency. The use of devices such as face
shields when giving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation should only be used if training in
their use has been received.
First aiders are advised to follow the following precautions to reduce the risk of
infection:

cover any cuts and abrasions on your skin with a waterproof dressing

wear suitable disposable gloves when dealing with blood or any other body fluids

use suitable eye protection and a disposable plastic apron where splashing is
possible

use devices such as face shields when giving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (but
only if trained to use them)

hands should be washed before and after administering first aid

contact with patient's blood or other body fluids should be washed off with soap
and water and clean cold tap water used for lips, mouth, eyes or broken skin

whilst mopping up blood or body fluids, disposable plastic gloves must be worn
and paper towels used. These should be disposed of in sealed plastic bags and
preferably incinerated. Clothing may be cleaned in a washing machine using the
hot cycle. Surfaces and re-usable personal protective equipment (e.g. eye
protection) should be wiped down / cleaned with a solution of a suitable
disinfectant
It is not normally necessary for first aiders in the workplace to be immunised
against Hepatitis B Virus, unless the risk assessment indicates that it is
appropriate.

13.0
Needlestick Injury
A needlestick injury is when a carelessly or maliciously discarded hypodermic needle
penetrates the skin. Many people are understandably upset if they are injured. In
case of such an accident it is important to stay calm and the following procedure
should be followed:










Encourage the wound to bleed by applying pressure around it
Do not suck the wound
Wash the wound well under cold running water and cover with a dry sterile
dressing
If contaminated, the eyes or mouth should be irrigated with large amounts of
water
Save the needle and syringe
Staff should contact their Headteacher/Manager as soon as possible.
Get medical advice. Attend the local Casualty Department. It is important that you
are seen within 24hours of the injury occurring in case any protective treatment is
necessary.
Report the injury to the Health and Safety Team
Employees or contractors in conjunction with their line manager should identify
source and cause of injury.
An accident report form must be completed with details of the source of injury
and any relevant information which will help with further investigations.
The risk of HIV infection as a result of injury from a discarded needle is extremely
remote because HIV does not survive long outside the body. There have not been
any cases where anyone has contracted the disease in this way. However there is a
very small risk of exposure to the Hepatitis B or C Viruses and to the germ that
causes Tetanus. It is for this reason that you should seek medical advice as soon as
possible.
If you discover a discarded needle please follow the following procedure in order to
prevent a person from being injured.

Pick up the syringe carefully (with the aid of tongs/sheet of paper etc), with the
sharp end of the needle pointing away from you. Be sure not to injure anyone
else with it.

Place it in a ‘sharps container’. If one is not available, place the needle and
syringe into some sort of puncture proof container such as empty drinks can and
tape over the opening. Or place the equipment in a jar and close the lid tightly.
Please label this container as to its contents. Do not attempt to separate the
needle from the syringe and please handle it as little as possible.
The risk of developing an infection following a needlestick injury is extremely small
and will be reduced still further by following the above advice.
Appendix 1
Guidance on the safe use of latex gloves
Introduction
This guidance tells you about;




latex as a product
the health problems that may occur if using natural latex gloves
which gloves to use to minimise the risks
the action that should be taken
Background
Natural latex is produced by the Hevea brasiliensis tree and is a cloudy liquid
collected by “tapping” the tree. It then goes through a complex manufacturing
process to form latex rubber which is a durable, flexible material that gives a high
degree of protection from many microorganisms. It is therefore often used in the
manufacture of protective gloves and other medical products and devices used in
health care such as intravenous tubes, catheters, dressings and bandages.
Health problems - How can latex harm your health?
Latex exposure can lead to a number of health problems, including:

Irritation ~ areas of the skin exposed to latex can become red, sore and cracked.
This type of reaction is not allergic and when contact with latex ceases the
symptoms will disappear.

Type I Allergic reaction ~ symptoms can include a rash, runny nose, red and
swollen eyes and asthma like symptoms. This allergic reaction will commence
almost immediately on contact. In severe cases it can result in a severe reaction
known as anaphylactic shock.

Type IV Allergic reaction ~ this is an allergic reaction to the chemicals used in
the manufacture of the gloves. Symptoms usually develop between 10 and 24
hours after include red, cracked and blistered skin particularly on the hands and
arms.
Latex is termed a “sensitiser” because it is capable of causing an allergic reaction in
certain people. The amount of latex exposure needed for an individual to become
sensitised is not known. However, once an individual is sensitised then any further
exposure to the substance, even the tiniest trace, will cause the symptoms to recur.
Which gloves to use - are any latex gloves safe to use?
Due to prolonged and close contact all latex gloves present a risk of skin
sensitisation. However, the risk is reduced in gloves with lower levels of latex protein
and process chemicals. Powdered gloves pose an additional risk because the latex
proteins leach into he powder, then when the gloves are removed, the powder
becomes airborne and can be inhaled. This may lead to respiratory sensitisation and
therefore:

Powder-free gloves should be used where possible.

Latex free or latex gloves with specified low levels of leachable protein should be
purchased (Protein levels should be below 50ug/g with accelerator levels of less
than 1% - check with your supplier).

Where employees are sensitised to latex, or may be at increased risk from latex,
they should be provided with suitable non-latex gloves and a risk assessment
conducted to assess their risk of contact with other latex products.

Pre-employment health screening should be used to identify those who may be at
particular risk from latex, for example because of previous sensitisation or a
tendency to allergies.
The most appropriate type of glove to wear depends on the activity being performed
and the risks the employee is exposed to. Latex gloves are typically worn because of
a risk of contact with bodily fluids, for example, whilst administering first aid. In these
situations powder free latex examination gloves with low latex levels are normally
suitable.
Control of exposure
Attempts should be made to reduce or control latex exposure to avoid sensitisation
of employees.
1.
The use of latex gloves for various tasks should be reviewed to determine if
they are appropriate for the level of protection and degree of risk to comply
with universal precautions. Employees who come into contact with urine,
faeces and vomit but not blood could use non-sterile vinyl gloves.
2.
Employees required to wear latex gloves should receive information about the
potential health effects and risk of sensitisation related to latex.
3.
Any employee with symptoms suggestive of latex sensitivity should be
encouraged to report the symptoms to their line manager.
4.
Anyone at risk of developing latex sensitivity (i.e. those who already have food
allergies or irritant dermatitis), or have developed an allergic reaction to
powdered gloves, to be given powder free, low protein gloves, or where
practicable and appropriate to wear non-latex gloves.
5.
When wearing latex gloves, do not use oil-based hand creams or lotions
unless they have been shown to reduce latex-related problems. The
ingredients in the lotion/cream may react with the latex and this may
compromise the integrity of the gloves.
Wash hands with a mild soap after removing gloves and dry them thoroughly,
especially between folds of skin where moisture may collect.
General Guidelines for Glove Use
1.
Check the correct gloves have been selected and issued. Make sure the right
glove for the right job is being used and it is the right size.
2.
Do not wear gloves beyond their limit. To retain their protective qualities,
gloves must be changed frequently.
3.
Check the gloves for any defects. Be on the look out for small holes and weak
areas.
4.
Note when gloves are issued – do not use for longer than is deemed safe.
5.
Remove gloves carefully and dispose of them responsibly. It is the outside of
the glove which is in contact with the hazard, and the possibility of exposure
to unprotected skin is at its greatest when the glove is being removed.
6.
Do not share gloves. Other than wearing the wrong glove, one of the major
causes of hand problems is people sharing gloves for the sake of
convenience.
7.
Wash hands before gloves are worn. Personal hygiene is a key element of
effective hand care. Gloves must only be worn on clean hands, that is hands
free of bacteria. Wearing gloves for long periods can promote the growth of
bacteria.
8.
Treat and cover cuts and abrasions before wearing gloves.
9.
Do not ignore any sign of a skin rash or irritation.
10.
Any employee with symptoms suggestive of latex sensitivity should report the
symptoms to their line manager as soon as possible.
11.
Anyone at risk of developing latex sensitivity (i.e. those who already have food
allergies or irritant dermatitis), or have developed an allergic reaction to
powdered gloves, to be given powder free, low protein gloves, or where
practicable and appropriate to wear non-latex gloves.
12.
When wearing latex gloves, do not use oil-based hand creams or lotions
unless they have been shown to reduce latex-related problems. The
ingredients in the lotion/cream may react with the latex and this may
compromise the integrity of the gloves.
13.
Wash hands with a mild soap after removing gloves and dry them thoroughly,
especially between folds of skin where moisture may collect.