MeSH: SSC – no details, no items found
Stainless steel crown/(s) – no details, no items found
PUBMED: Stainless Steel Crowns[ti] 80 citations (no limits), displayed to view abstract and MeSH
terms
There are only 20ish articles from 2000 onwards. These are the ones i think are most suitable. There
are common MeSH terms as you can see
Pediatr Dent. 2007 Sep-Oct;29(5):377-81.
Clinical outcomes for primary anterior teeth treated
with preveneered stainless steel crowns.
MacLean JK, Champagne CE, Waggoner WF, Ditmyer MM, Casamassimo P.
School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to explore clinical outcomes for NuSmile
anterior preveneered stainless steel crowns. METHODS: A convenience sample of healthy children
treated with anterior crowns was selected from a teaching clinic and private office. Crowns were
placed by either a private practice dentist or pediatric dental resident. Clearly defined clinical
outcomes were assessed by 3 calibrated examiners at recall, including: (1) presence; (2) chipping; (3)
wear; (4) crazing; and (5) marginal location by clinical and radiographic examination. Factors
affecting placement--such as operator experience and behavior--were also assessed. RESULTS: In 46
subjects (21 females, 25 males; mean age at placement=4 years, 2 months), 226 crowns with a mean
post-placement time of 12.9 months were evaluated. Only 2 crowns matched natural teeth, with
NuSmile crowns lighter in 83% of subjects. Most crowns (86%) were normal in size. Eighty-eight
percent resisted fracture for 6 months. All but 3 crowns resisted color change for 6 months. Canine
crowns were the least successful, but overall 91% of crowns retained good to excellent clinical
appearance. CONCLUSIONS: NuSmile anterior preveneered crowns are a clinically successful
restoration for primary incisors with early childhood caries.
PMID: 18027771 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:
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Evaluation Studies
MeSH Terms:
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Child, Preschool
Color
Crowns*
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dental Prosthesis Design
Dental Restoration Failure
Dental Restoration Wear
Dental Veneers
Dentition, Primary
Female
Humans
Incisor
Male
Retrospective Studies
Stainless Steel
Treatment Outcome
Substances:

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Stainless Steel
J Indiana Dent Assoc. 2007 Summer;86(2):16-21.
Utilization of stainless steel crowns by
general dentists and pediatric dental
specialists in Indiana.
Kowolik J, Kozlowski D, Jones JE.
Department of Oral Facial Development, Indiana University School of Dentistry and Riley
Hospital for Children, USA.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate utilization of the stainless steel crown by both the
general and pediatric dentists in Indiana. Although reports indicate that there has been a
dramatic reduction in dental caries in the US, almost 20 percent of children have dental
decay by age four, with almost 80 percent having a cavity by 17 years of age. After reviewing
the literature, Seale has recommended that the stainless steel crown is the most successful
restoration for children with a rate of high caries. All dental schools in North America teach
the value of using stainless steel crowns and the method of tooth preparation. We
hypothesized that greater use of the stainless steel crowns would be made by specialists
than by general dentists. In this study, of the 200 questionnaires distributed, 62.5 percent
were returned and analyzed. The results imply that stainless steel crowns are being
significantly underutilized in general dental practice. It is interesting, and perhaps of
concern, that the general dentists are not interested in continuing education courses about
this subject. Over the next few years, with the aging of the pediatric dental community in
Indiana, general (not specialty) dentists will treat most of the children. Because of this, predoctoral education needs to place more emphasis on preparation and utilization of the
stainless steel crown.
PMID: 17987823 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
MeSH Terms, Substances
MeSH Terms:
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Adolescent
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns/utilization*
Dental Alloys
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dentist's Practice Patterns/statistics & numerical data*
Dentition, Primary
Female
General Practice, Dental/statistics & numerical data*
Humans
Indiana
Male
Pediatric Dentistry/statistics & numerical data*
Questionnaires
Stainless Steel
Substances:


Dental Alloys
Stainless Steel
J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2005 Dec;5(4):205-6.
Stainless steel crowns improve success rate
of root canal treatment in primary teeth.
Seale NS.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Baylor College of Dentistry, The Texas A & M University
System, Health Science Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Comment on:

J Dent. 2005 Jan;33(1):41-7.
PMID: 17138373 [PubMed]
Gen Dent. 2006 Sep-Oct;54(5):347-50; quiz 351, 367-8.
Stainless steel crowns versus amalgams in
the primary dentition and decision-making in
clinical practice.
Mata AF, Bebermeyer RD.
Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, University of Texas Health Science
Center at Houston Dental Branch, USA.
This article reviews scientific dental literature related to amalgam restorations versus
stainless steel crowns (SSCs) in the primary dentition. An extensive literature search of
clinical studies was conducted to address the use of amalgams and SSCs in the primary
dentition. The scientific literature provides evidence that SSCs demonstrate greater
longevity and reduced need for retreatment, compared to multi-surface amalgam
restorations. There is high-level evidence for the use of SSCs because of their costeffectiveness, ease of placement, and longevity.
PMID: 17004572 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:
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Comparative Study
Review
MeSH Terms:
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Child
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Crowns*/economics
Decision Making
Dental Amalgam
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods*
Dentist's Practice Patterns*
Dentition, Primary
Humans
Stainless Steel
Substances:

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Stainless Steel
Dental Amalgam
Br Dent J. 2005 Oct 8;199(7):453-5; discussion 441.
General dental practitioners' views on the
use of stainless steel crowns to restore
primary molars.
Threlfall AG, Pilkington L, Milsom KM, Blinkhorn AS, Tickle M.
DH Research Training Fellow, Oral Health Unit, National Primary Care R and D Centre,
Manchester University Dental School, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester, M15 6LP, UK.
tony.threlfall@man.ac.uk
Comment in:


Br Dent J. 2005 Dec 10;199(11):694.
Br Dent J. 2005 Nov 12;199(9):585, 587.
AIM: To ascertain general dental practitioners' views on the use of stainless steel (preformed metal) crowns to restore carious primary molars. METHOD: Ninety-three general
dental practitioners were selected at random from those practising in Lancashire, Cheshire
and Greater Manchester in 2003 and interviewed separately about the clinical care they
provide to the primary dentition. Before the interview participants recorded the care they
would provide for a case scenario, describing a child with a carious lesion that the British
Society of Paediatric Dentistry (BSPD) guidelines indicate should be treated with a stainless
steel crown. RESULTS: In answering the case scenario only six (7%) of the dentists reported
that they would fit a stainless steel crown. Of the 93 dentists interviewed 71% knew of the
BSPD guidelines, but only 18% had ever fitted a stainless steel crown in general practice.
Reasons given for not using stainless steel crowns were they are inappropriate for many
children, time consuming to fit, difficult to manipulate, expensive, and ugly. CONCLUSION:
The BSPD guidelines on the use of stainless steel crowns do not reflect the views of the
majority of general dental practitioners who consider these crowns unsuitable for most
children and an impractical restorative technique in busy daily practice.
PMID: 16215580 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances, Grant Support
Publication Types:
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH Terms:
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Attitude of Health Personnel*
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns/psychology*
Dental Care for Children/psychology*
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dental Restoration, Permanent/psychology*
Dentist's Practice Patterns
Female
General Practice, Dental*
Guideline Adherence
Humans
Male
Molar
Pediatric Dentistry
Societies, Dental
Stainless Steel
Tooth, Deciduous
Substances:


Stainless Steel
J Mich Dent Assoc. 2005 Jan;87(1):30, 32-3.
Stainless steel crowns: consider them in your
office.
Davenport SL.
PMID: 15714831 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
MeSH Terms, Substances
MeSH Terms:
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Child Behavior
Child, Preschool
Crowns*
Dental Care for Children/methods*
Humans
Stainless Steel
Tooth, Deciduous
Substances:

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Stainless Steel
J Dent. 2004 Jan;32(1):27-33.
A clinical and radiographic evaluation of
stainless steel crowns for primary molars.
Sharaf AA, Farsi NM.
Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Department, King AbdulAziz University, P.O. Box
80209, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
AIM: This study was performed to evaluate clinically and radiographically the effect of
stainless steel crowns placed on primary molars on gingival and bone structures. SAMPLE:
254 crowns were evaluated in a sample of 177 children aged 3.5-12 years old with a mean
age of 7 years. METHOD: The clinical parameters that were evaluated were, crown marginal
extension, crown marginal adaptation, intact proximal contact, gingival index and the
duration of presence of the crowns, together with the oral hygiene index of the child.
Bitewing radiographs were viewed for extension and adaptation of crown margins and for
evaluating the interproximal bone level. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that
interproximal bone resorption was not significantly affected by either crown marginal
extension or adaptation, preserving tight proximal contact between molars, oral hygiene
level or duration of presence of the crown. On the other hand, there was significant bone
resorption when the crown was judged radiographically as non-satisfactory. While oral
hygiene level had a significant effect on the gingival index, presence or absence of proper
proximal contact did not have an effect on the gingival index. CONCLUSION: It was
concluded from this study that stainless steel crowns are still a valuable procedure that has
no harmful effect on the gingiva and bone provided that good oral hygiene level was
maintained.
PMID: 14659715 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:
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Evaluation Studies
MeSH Terms:
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Alveolar Bone Loss/etiology
Alveolar Bone Loss/radiography
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns/adverse effects*
Dental Marginal Adaptation
Gingivitis/etiology
Humans
Molar
Oral Hygiene Index
Periodontal Index
Retrospective Studies
Stainless Steel
Tooth, Deciduous
Substances:


Stainless Steel
Pediatr Dent. 2003 May-Jun;25(3):249-52.
Marginal adaptation of stainless steel
crowns.
Croll TP, Epstein DW, Castaldi CR.
willipus@tradenet.net
The chief goal of full coronal restoration using preformed stainless steel crowns (SSC) is
replication of normal crown form and function. Marginal adaptation of SSCs involves
appropriate crown size selection, trimming the crown form to achieve proper length,
crimping crown edges to proximate the prepared tooth, and finishing and polishing the
crown form. This report about SSC restoration focuses on the procedure of adapting,
finishing, and polishing crown margins.
PMID: 12889701 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
MeSH Terms, Substances
MeSH Terms:
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Crowns*
Dental Alloys
Dental Marginal Adaptation
Dental Polishing
Dental Prosthesis Design*
Humans
Metallurgy
Molar
Stainless Steel
Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic
Substances:

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Dental Alloys
Stainless Steel
Pediatr Dent. 2002 Sep-Oct;24(5):501-5.
The use of stainless steel crowns.
Seale NS.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex, USA.
sseale@tambcd.edu
The stainless steel crown (SSC) is an extremely durable restoration with several clear-cut
indications for use in primary teeth including: following a pulpotomy/pulpectomy; for teeth
with developmental defects or large carious lesions involving multiple surfaces where an
amalgam is likely to fail; and for fractured teeth. In other situations, its use is less clear cut,
and caries risk factors, restoration longevity and cost effectiveness are considerations in
decisions to use the SSC. The literature on caries risk factors in young children indicates that
children at high risk exhibiting anterior tooth decay and/or molar caries may benefit by
treatment with stainless steel crowns to protect the remaining at-risk tooth surfaces.
Studies evaluating restoration longevity, including the durability and lifespan of SSCs and
Class II amalgams demonstrate the superiority of SSCs for both parameters. Children with
extensive decay, large lesions or multiple surface lesions in primary molars should be
treated with stainless steel crowns. Because of the protection from future decay provided
by their feature of full coverage and their increased durability and longevity, strong
consideration should be given to the use of SSCs in children who require general anesthesia.
Finally, a strong argument for the use of the SSC restoration is its cost effectiveness based
on its durability and longevity.
PMID: 12412965 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Review
MeSH Terms:
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Child
Child, Preschool
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Crowns/economics
Crowns/utilization*
Dental Alloys
Dental Care for Children/methods*
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dental Caries Susceptibility
Dental Prosthesis Design



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
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Dental Restoration Wear
Health Planning Guidelines
Humans
Pulpectomy
Pulpotomy
Societies, Dental
Stainless Steel
Tooth, Deciduous
Vulnerable Populations
Substances:

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Dental Alloys
Stainless Steel
Compend Contin Educ Dent. 1999 Feb;20(2):89-92, 94-6, 98-100 passim; quiz 106.
Preformed posterior stainless steel crowns:
an update.
Croll TP.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
For almost 50 years, dentists have used stainless steel crowns for primary and permanent
posterior teeth. No other type of restoration offers the convenience, low cost, durability,
and reliability of such crowns when interim full-coronal coverage is required. Preformed
stainless steel crowns have improved over the years. Better luting cements have been
developed and different methods of crown manipulation have evolved. This article reviews
stainless steel crown procedures for primary and permanent posterior teeth. Step-by-step
placement of a primary molar stainless steel crown is documented and permanent molar
stainless steel crown restoration is described. A method for repairing a worn-through crown
also is reviewed.
PMID: 11692330 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:
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Case Reports
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Review
MeSH Terms:
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Bicuspid
Cementation
Child
Crowns*
Dental Caries/therapy
Dental Cements/chemistry
Dental Prosthesis Design*
Dental Prosthesis Repair
Humans
Male
Molar
Stainless Steel*/chemistry
Surface Properties
Tooth Abnormalities/therapy
Tooth Fractures/therapy
Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic
Tooth, Deciduous
Substances:


Dental Cements
Stainless Steel
PUBMED: Stainless steel crowns[tiab]
Limits: English, Human, published in last 10 years, dental journals => 77 citations
Once again, i’ve selected the ones i think are relevant . There were some overlapping of
articles with the previous search and so i didn’t include them. Some articles spoke about
preveneered/esthetic ssc........... i didn’t include them cos i wasn’t sure of its relevance.
Pediatr Dent. 2009 Jan-Feb;31(1):63-70.
Parental attitudes on restorative materials
as factors influencing current use in
pediatric dentistry.
Zimmerman JA, Feigal RJ, Till MJ, Hodges JS.
Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn, USA.
drjasonzimmerman@gmail.com
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine pediatric dentists' current practices
and the perceptions about parents' opinions and how those parental preferences regarding
dental materials influence dentists' practices. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to 500
randomly selected active members of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Twentyfive items queried demographics, use of restorative materials, perceptions of parents' attitudes
towards materials, and dentists' reactions to parents' concerns. RESULTS: The survey
response rate was 61%. Parental concerns about materials in decreasing order were: (1)
esthetics; (2) cost; (3) toxicity; and (4) durability. Parents' greatest concerns about stainless
steel crowns were: (1) esthetics; and (2) cost. Among respondents, 43% followed parental
preferences when challenged, and 28% currently never use amalgam. Amalgam use and the
dentists' perception of parental challenge were each related to the socioeconomic status of the
practice population, with lower socioeconomic practices feeling less parental challenge than
higher socioeconomic practices and being more likely to use amalgam than "white" filling
materials (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Mercury concerns occur more frequently with higher
than lower socioeconomic status parents (P = .002). Stainless steel crowns are challenged
based on esthetics and cost. When confronted, many pediatric dentists (43%) follow parental
preferences, even when that action is contrary to their initial clinical judgment.
PMID: 19320262 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
MeSH Terms, Substances
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Attitude to Health*
Compomers/economics
Composite Resins/economics
Crowns
Dental Amalgam/economics
Dental Materials*/economics
Dental Materials*/toxicity
Dental Restoration, Permanent/classification
Dental Restoration, Permanent/psychology*
Dentist's Practice Patterns*
Esthetics, Dental
Female
Glass Ionomer Cements/economics
Humans
Male
Mercury/toxicity
Parents/psychology*
Pediatric Dentistry*






Professional-Family Relations
Questionnaires
Resin Cements/economics
Social Class
Stainless Steel
United States
Substances:
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Compomers
Composite Resins
Dental Materials
Glass Ionomer Cements
Resin Cements
Stainless Steel
Mercury
Dental Amalgam
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2008 Jun;26(2):82-4.
Management of a child with autism and
severe bruxism: a case report.
Muthu MS, Prathibha KM.
Pedo Planet, Pediatric Dental Center, Chennai, India. muthumurugan@rediffmail.com
Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by severe deficits in social interaction and
communication. A wide spectrum of medical and behavioral symptoms is exhibited by
children with autism, which makes routine dental care very difficult in them. Bruxism or
forceful grinding of teeth is one of the sleep problems commonly observed in children with
autism. Our patient, a 4-year-old male child with autism, presented with complaints of pain
and sensitivity of the teeth. There was history of excessive grinding and clenching of teeth.
Limited oral examination revealed severe attrition of all primary teeth. Treatment was
planned under general anesthesia because of his poor cognitive abilities. Full-mouth
rehabilitation, including placement of stainless steel crowns for all primary molars, was done.
Following treatment there was a significant decrease in the grinding habit over the next 2
months. Although the communication and behavioral problems in children with autism pose
challenges for the dentist, treatment with proper planning and a lot of patience can definitely
make a difference.
PMID: 18603735 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articlesFree article
Publication Types, MeSH Terms
Publication Types:
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Case Reports
MeSH Terms:
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Autistic Disorder/complications*
Autistic Disorder/psychology
Autistic Disorder/therapy
Bruxism/complications
Bruxism/pathology
Bruxism/psychology
Bruxism/therapy*
Child, Preschool
Crowns*
Dental Care for Children/methods*
Dental Care for Chronically Ill/methods
Humans
Male
Tooth Attrition/etiology
Tooth Attrition/pathology
Tooth Attrition/psychology
Tooth Attrition/therapy*
Tooth, Deciduous/pathology
Treatment Outcome
Bull Tokyo Dent Coll. 2008 Feb;49(1):41-50.
Clinical survey on type of restoration in
deciduous teeth.
Fukuyama T, Oda S, Yamashita H, Sekiguchi H, Yakushiji M.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba,
Japan. fukuyama@tdc.ac.jp
This study was conducted in 533 children with 1,634 treated teeth who visited the Pediatric
Dentistry Department at the Chiba Hospital of Tokyo Dental College between January and
December, 2003. Restorations on deciduous tooth were categorized by age of patient and
tooth type. The following observations were made: Children aged 4 (17.9%) visited the clinic
most frequently and this group had the highest number of deciduous restorations (21.3%).
Among the 1,634 deciduous teeth restored, metal inlays were provided in 29.4% of total teeth
restored, composite resin restorations in 27.2%, stainless-steel crowns in 25.7%, composite
resin full crowns in 7.7%, glass-ionomer cement restorations in 6.6%, and amalgam
restorations in 3.4%. By age, composite resin was most frequently used in children aged 1 to
3. In children aged 5 to 9, metal inlay was most frequently used. Those aged 4 received
mostly stainless-steel crowns. Composite resin restorations were used mostly in anterior
deciduous teeth, and metal inlays mostly in deciduous molars. Previous research indicated an
increasing trend towards composite resin restorations and composite resin full crowns. The
present study also confirmed such a trend. While the use of metal inlays and stainless-steel
crowns tended to increase until 1987, the present study indicated a trend to decrease.
PMID: 18580051 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articlesFree article
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Comparative Study
MeSH Terms:
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



Child
Child, Preschool
Composite Resins
Crowns/statistics & numerical data
Dental Amalgam
Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods
Dental Restoration, Permanent/statistics & numerical data*
Glass Ionomer Cements
Humans
Infant
Inlays/statistics & numerical data
Stainless Steel
Tokyo
Tooth, Deciduous*
Substances:
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

Composite Resins
Glass Ionomer Cements
Stainless Steel
Dental Amalgam
J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2006 Winter;31(2):130-5.
The restorative management of
amelogenesis imperfecta in the mixed
dentition.
Kwok-Tung L, King NM.
Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Amelogenesis impefecta is a hereditary condition affecting the formation of enamel in which
the rough enamel suface can compromise periodontal health and the esthetics. Affected
posterior teeth usually exhibit interproximal space loss which makes restoration of the
primary molars difficult. This article describes a technique, using separators to regain
interproximal space prior to the placement of stainless steel crowns on the molars of a girl
with amelogenesis imperfecta.
PMID: 17315810 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:
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Case Reports
MeSH Terms:
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Amelogenesis Imperfecta/therapy*
Child
Composite Resins/chemistry
Crowns
Dental Veneers
Dentition, Mixed*
Female
Humans
Molar
Orthodontic Appliances
Stainless Steel/chemistry
Tooth, Impacted/therapy
Tooth, Supernumerary/therapy
Substances:



Composite Resins
TPH spectrum
Stainless Steel
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2006 Jun;7(2):58-62; discussion 63.
Restoration of primary teeth with crowns: a
systematic review of the literature.
Attari N, Roberts JF.
Specialist Paediatric Dental Practice, Weymouth Street, London, UK.
AIM: To review the literature concerning the restoration of primary teeth with pre-formed
metal crowns (PMC). METHODS: A search of the dental literature was made electronically
using key words: stainless steel crowns primary molars, nickel-ion crowns primary molars,
nickel chrome crowns primary molars, preformed crowns primary molars, esthetic crowns
primary molars, aesthetic crowns primary molars and metal crowns primary molars. All
papers were read and assessed for their relevance to paediatric dentistry and then graded
according to a predetermined set of criteria. The relevant papers that met nearly 100% of the
criteria were graded A; 75% graded B1; more than 50% graded B2 and all others were graded
C. RESULTS: Using all the search words, 112 papers were found and fourteen were
acceptable. Of these none were rated A or B1, seven B2 and seven C. Failure rates of PMC
varied between 1.9 and 30.3%. In all studies the failure rate of PMC was lower than
comparable restorations and in some studies this was statistically significant. The review
indicated that there was some evidence as to the efficacy and value of using pre-formed metal
crowns for primary molars. CONCLUSION: Preformed metal crowns were indicated for the
restoration of badly broken down primary molars and their success rate was superior to all
other restorative materials. However, there was an obvious lack of prospective will-controlled
studies and more research is needed.
PMID: 17140529 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:


Evaluation Studies
Review
MeSH Terms:







Bibliometrics*
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns*
Dental Prosthesis Design
Dental Restoration Failure
Dentition, Primary*





Humans
Journalism, Dental/standards
Molar
Reference Standards
Stainless Steel
Substances:

Stainless Steel
J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2006 Fall;31(1):1-4.
Children's selection of posterior restorative
materials.
Fishman R, Guelmann M, Bimstein E.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0426, USA.
This study evaluated children's preference for posterior restorations. After viewing
photographs of amalgam, composite, colored compomer and stainless steel crowns, 100
children 5-12 years-old responded to a satisfaction survey. The influence of age, gender and
ethnicity was assessed and statistically analyzed Composite resins were preferred the most
and amalgam the least. Caucasians mostly selected composites while African Americans
stainless steel crowns. Early interest in colored compomers was seen in young, males and
Caucasians.
PMID: 17091647 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
MeSH Terms, Substances
MeSH Terms:










African Americans
Age Factors
Attitude to Health
Child
Child Behavior*
Child, Preschool
Choice Behavior*
Compomers
Composite Resins
Crowns











Dental Amalgam
Dental Materials*
Dental Restoration, Permanent*
Ethnic Groups
European Continental Ancestry Group
Female
Humans
Male
Patient Satisfaction*
Sex Factors
Stainless Steel
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2005 Dec;6(4):179-84.
Treatment management of first permanent
molars in children with Molar-Incisor
Hypomineralisation.
Kotsanos N, Kaklamanos EG, Arapostathis K.
Dept of Paediatric Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
kotsanos@dent.auth.gr
AIM: To study the treatment management of first permanent molars in children with MolarIncisor Hypomineralisation (MIH). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. METHODS:
The records of the clientele of a private paediatric dental practice were scanned. Thirty-six
cases of children fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of MIH were retrieved who had been
followed for a mean period of 4.5 years, and 36 children of matching age and gender, and
with similar follow-up period, were randomly selected from the same clientele to serve as
controls. RESULTS: Children in the MIH group exhibited greater DMFS and smaller dmfs
scores. The frequency of restorative intervention was greater in children of the MIH group
(OREST=11.00, 95% C.I. 2.85-42.45). Stainless-steel crowns had been placed only on MIH
group molars. The follow-up records revealed that only restorations in the MIH group needed
retreatment. Fillings and sealants in the MIH group had a greater probability of needing
retreatment than in the control group (OREST=3.10, 95% C.I. 1.60-6.01). CONCLUSIONS:
Children affected by MIH may need to undergo a significant amount of restorative treatment
at an early age. Moreover, fillings and sealants in MIH affected children have a greater
probability of needing retreatment than in control group children.
PMID: 16426116 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Comparative Study
MeSH Terms:



















Case-Control Studies
Child
Composite Resins
Crowns
DMF Index
Dental Amalgam
Dental Restoration, Permanent
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Incisor/pathology*
Male
Molar/pathology*
Needs Assessment
Pit and Fissure Sealants/therapeutic use
Retreatment
Retrospective Studies
Stainless Steel
Tooth Demineralization/therapy*
Substances:




Composite Resins
Pit and Fissure Sealants
Stainless Steel
Dental Amalgam
J Dent Child (Chic). 2005 May-Aug;72(2):49-51.
Oral manifestations of a child with chronic
vomiting.
Kim SO, Kwak JY, Choi BJ, Lee JH.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, College of Dentistry,
Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
Perimolysis is a type of intrinsic erosion--an irreversible dental demineralization linked to
chronic regurgitation--which causes teeth to be more susceptible to dental caries. The purpose
of this case report was to study a 35-month-old chronic vomiting child who visited the
Department of Pediatric Dentistry in Yonsei Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea, for an
evaluation of and treatment for the loss of tooth structure of his primary teeth. To prevent
further destruction of the teeth and maintain occlusal height, all the posterior teeth were
restored with stainless steel crowns and all the anterior teeth were restored with resin veneer
crowns after pulpal treatment under general anesthesia. Therefore, when a child suffering
from chronic vomiting visits a pediatric dental clinic, it is prudent to: (1) perform all possible
dental treatment to control vomiting's adverse influences on the oral structures; and (2) refer
the patient to a pediatrician to determine the cause of vomiting.
PMID: 16294931 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms
Publication Types:

Case Reports
MeSH Terms:










Child, Preschool
Chronic Disease
Crowns
Dental Veneers
Dentition, Primary
Humans
Male
Tooth Erosion/etiology*
Tooth Erosion/therapy
Vomiting/complications*
Am J Dent. 2005 Jun;18(3):198-211.
Longevity of occlusally-stressed
restorations in posterior primary teeth.
Hickel R, Kaaden C, Paschos E, Buerkle V, García-Godoy F, Manhart J.
Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University,
Goethe Strasse 70, D-80336 Munich, Germany. hickel@dent.med.uni-muenchen.de
PURPOSE: To compile a survey of the longevity and reasons for failure of stainless steel
crowns, amalgam, glass-ionomer, composite and compomer restorations in stress-bearing
cavities of primary molars. METHODS: This work reviewed the dental literature of 1971 up
to July 2003 for longitudinal, controlled clinical studies and retrospective cross-sectional
studies. Only studies investigating the clinical performance of restorations in primary teeth
with an observation period of at least 2 years were included. Annual failure rates of stainless
steel crowns, amalgam, glass-ionomer, composite and compomer restorations were
determined and failure reasons were discussed. RESULTS: Annual failure rates in stressbearing cavities of primary molars were determined to be: 0-14% for stainless steel crowns,
0-35.3% for amalgam restorations, 0-25.8% for glass-ionomer restorations, 2-29.1% for
atraumatic restorative treatments, 0-15% for composite restorations, and 0-11 for compomer
restorations. Main reasons for failure were secondary caries, marginal deficiencies, fracture,
and wear.
PMID: 16158813 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Review
MeSH Terms:












Compomers
Composite Resins
Crowns
Dental Amalgam
Dental Restoration Failure*
Dental Restoration Wear
Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods*
Dental Stress Analysis
Dentition, Primary
Glass Ionomer Cements
Humans
Molar
Substances:




Compomers
Composite Resins
Glass Ionomer Cements
Dental Amalgam
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2003;1(2):157-62.
Influence of dental restorative materials on
salivary Streptococcus mutans and
lactobacilli in the primary dentition.
Willershausen B, Ernst CP, Kasaj A, Topf J, Pistorius A.
Department of Operative Dentistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
willersh@mail.uni-mainz.de
PURPOSE: When restoring deciduous teeth with extensive lesions, preformed stainless steel
crowns are increasingly used in addition to resin-based materials. The aim of the present
clinical study was to examine the influence of composites and stainless steel crowns on the
cariogenic bacteria S. mutans and Lactobacilli by means of a commercially available salivary
test (CRT bacteria) in 100 children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For 50 children (30
boys, 20 girls, mean age 5.7 +/- 2.4 years) only composites have been used as a restorative
material (an average of 9 fillings per child, total number: n=450), which had been in situ for
an average of 15.9 months at the time of the examination. In another group of 50 children (33
boys, 17 girls, mean age 5.9 +/- 2.5 years), stainless steel crowns and composites have been
used for restorations (an average of 3.5 stainless steel crowns per child, total number: n=174,
an average of 7 composite fillings per child, total number n=348), which had been in place
for a mean period of 17.2 months. RESULTS: The salivary examination of the children with
composite restorations showed a high proportion of patients (64%, n=32) with high numbers
(> or = 10(5)) of S. mutans and Lactobacilli (54%, n=27). Only 22% (n=11) of the children
with additional stainless steel crown restorations were found to have high numbers (> or =
10(5)) of S. mutans and Lactobacilli (34%, n=17). CONCLUSION: This study shows a
potential positive inhibitory effect of stainless steel crown restorations as compared to
composite fillings with respect to the oral bacterial colonization.
PMID: 15645937 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Comparative Study
MeSH Terms:




Child, Preschool
Colony Count, Microbial
Composite Resins/chemistry
Crowns













DMF Index
Dental Materials/chemistry*
Dental Restoration, Permanent*
Female
Humans
Lactobacillus/growth & development*
Male
Saliva/microbiology*
Stainless Steel/chemistry
Streptococcus mutans/growth & development*
Surface Properties
Time Factors
Tooth, Deciduous/microbiology*
Substances:






Charisma composite resin
Composite Resins
Dental Materials
Tetric ceram
Stainless Steel
J Dent Child (Chic). 2004 May-Aug;71(2):114-7.
Clinical outcomes for early childhood
caries: influence of aggressive dental
surgery.
Graves CE, Berkowitz RJ, Proskin HM, Chase I, Weinstein P, Billings R.
Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY,
USA.
Comment in:

J Dent Child (Chic). 2004 Sep-Dec;71(3):188; author reply 188.
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of
stainless steel crowns (SSCs) placed, number of surfaces at risk (SAR) post dental surgery,
and the risk for relapse in patients treated for Early Childhood Caries (ECC). METHODS:
The study population consisted of 57 children treated for ECC under general anesthesia,
ranging in age from 2.3 to 7.3 years old at the time of entry. Dental surgery utilized an
aggressive approach: teeth that had necrotic pulps or were nonrestorable were extracted;
decayed primary mandibular incisors that could not be treated by stripping were extracted;
primary maxillary incisors with 3 or more carious surfaces were extracted; single-surface
lesions of primary molars that did not compromise cusp integrity were restored with
intracoronal amalgam restorations; primary maxillary, incisors and canines with smoothsurface lesions affecting 2 or less surfaces were treated with intracoronal composites; primary
molars and canines requiring vital pulp therapy were restored with SSCs; primary molars
with caries lesions affecting 2 or more surfaces (including smooth-surface, white-spot
lesions) were restored with SSCs; primary canines with caries affecting 3 or more surfaces
were restored with stainless steel crowns; topical fluoride was applied after all restorative
therapy was completed. The cohort was examined for new caries lesions 6 months post dental
surgery. Relapse was defined as the presence of new smooth-surface caries lesions as defined
by Radike. Comparisons between relapse (R) and nonrelapse (NR) groups, with respect to the
number of SSCs placed and the number of SAR, were performed using t tests and Wilcoxon
tests. A 0.05 level of significance was employed in all statistical tests. RESULTS: Twentyone of the 57 (37%) patients relapsed. No statistically significant difference for the number of
SSCs placed or SAR existed between the R group (SSCs: mean = 4.57, median = 4 +/- 2.18;
SAR: mean = 39.76, median = 40 +/- 13.62) and NR group (SSCs: mean=5.44, median = 5.5
+/- 2.62; SAR: mean = 39.98, median = 39.5 +/- 15.19). CONCLUSIONS: The risk for
relapse in children treated for ECC is not associated with the number of SSCs placed or SAR;
aggressive dental surgery for ECC does not result in acceptable clinical outcomes.
PMID: 15587091 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances, Grant
Support
Publication Types:


Clinical Trial
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH Terms:













Child
Child, Preschool
Composite Resins
Crowns/statistics & numerical data*
Dental Amalgam
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dental Restoration Failure*
Dental Restoration, Permanent/statistics & numerical data*
Female
Humans
Male
Prospective Studies
Recurrence




Stainless Steel
Statistics, Nonparametric
Tooth Extraction
Treatment Outcome
Substances:



Composite Resins
Stainless Steel
Dental Amalgam
Aust Dent J. 2003 Dec;48(4):221-32.
Clinicians' choices of restorative materials
for children.
Tran LA, Messer LB.
Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria.
BACKGROUND: Recently, there has been an expansion in the range of tooth-coloured
restorative materials available. In 1999, the National Health and Medical Research Council
recommended clinicians use alternatives to amalgam in children 'where appropriate'.
METHODS: A three-part 29-item questionnaire was developed, tested in a focus group, and
distributed to members of the Australasian Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (AA; paediatric
dentists and paediatric dentistry postgraduate students; n=55), and the Australian and New
Zealand Society of Paediatric Dentistry, Victorian Branch (SPD; general dentists and dental
therapists; n=50). Participant information, material choices, and six hypothetical clinical
scenarios were addressed. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 74 per cent. For both
groups, the first ranked factor influencing choice of restorative material for vital primary
teeth was child age, and caries experience for vital first permanent molars. For moderatesized Class I and II restorations in primary molars, a tooth-coloured material was chosen by
92 and 84 per cent respondents respectively. For restoring two separate proximal lesions in a
primary molar, 65 per cent chose a tooth-coloured material followed by a stainless steel
crown (27 per cent; all AA members), then amalgam (8 per cent). The SPD respondents were
significantly more likely to choose glass ionomer cement for Class I and II restorations and
for restoring two proximal lesions (all p=0.000) in primary molars than AA respondents, who
were more likely to choose composite resins/compomers or amalgam/stainless steel crowns
for these restorations. Younger respondents (21-40 years) were significantly more likely to
choose composite resins/compomers or amalgam/stainless steel crowns (p=0.048) than older
respondents (41-65 years), who were likely to choose glass ionomer cement.
CONCLUSIONS: For Class I and II restorations in primary molars, glass ionomer cement
was the material chosen most frequently (SPD respondents); preference for amalgam or
stainless steel crowns was low (both SPD and AA groups). The wide range of materials
chosen for the hypothetical clinical scenarios suggests the need for guidelines on selection of
restorative materials, and the need for longitudinal studies to follow actual clinical outcomes
of the materials chosen.
PMID: 14738124 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH Terms:























Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Chi-Square Distribution
Child
Child, Preschool
Compomers
Composite Resins
Dental Amalgam
Dental Care for Children/methods*
Dental Care for Children/statistics & numerical data
Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods*
Dental Restoration, Permanent/statistics & numerical data
Dentist's Practice Patterns/statistics & numerical data*
Female
Glass Ionomer Cements
Humans
Infant
Male
Middle Aged
Questionnaires
Stainless Steel
Tooth, Deciduous
Substances:





Compomers
Composite Resins
Glass Ionomer Cements
Stainless Steel
Dental Amalgam
Dent Update. 2003 Oct;30(8):410-5.
Paediatric dentistry in the new millennium:
4. Cost-effective restorative techniques for
primary molars.
Duggal MS, Gautam SK, Nichol R, Robertson AJ.
Leeds Dental Institute.
In the fourth article in this series the techniques for carrying out pulp therapy and stainless
steel restoration in primary molars are discussed. Early pulp involvement in primary molars
means that pulp therapy and the use of appropriate coronal restoration, such as stainless steel
crowns, are indispensable if repetitive restoration of primary molars is to be avoided. These
techniques themselves are not difficult to carry out once the child's co-operation is
established and should be well within the capability of any dentist with an interest in the
dental care of children.
PMID: 14619729 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
MeSH Terms, Substances
MeSH Terms:















Cementation
Child
Child Behavior
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Crowns/economics
Dental Care for Children/economics
Dental Prosthesis Design
Dental Restoration, Permanent*/economics
Humans
Molar/pathology*
Pulpotomy/methods
Root Canal Irrigants/therapeutic use
Stainless Steel
Tooth Preparation/methods
Tooth, Deciduous/pathology*
Substances:


Root Canal Irrigants
Stainless Steel
N Z Dent J. 2001 Sep;97(429):101-5.
The treatment of localised hypoplastic and
hypomineralised defects in first permanent
molars.
Mahoney EK.
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Westmead Centre for Oral Health, Westmead, New
South Wales, Australia 2145.
Hypoplastic and hypomineralised first permanent molar teeth are a frequent finding in
children. The treatment of these teeth can be challenging because of the young age of the
patient at presentation and the varying anatomy of the affected surfaces. This article reviews
the treatment of these teeth including the use of glass ionomer cements, direct and indirect
restorations of composite resin, indirect precious and non-precious alloys, stainless steel
crowns, and the timely extraction of severely affected teeth.
PMID: 11695149 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Review
MeSH Terms:











Child
Child, Preschool
Composite Resins
Crowns
Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/therapy*
Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods*
Glass Ionomer Cements
Humans
Molar
Stainless Steel
Tooth Extraction
Substances:


Composite Resins
Glass Ionomer Cements

Stainless Steel
Pediatr Dent. 2001 Jan-Feb;23(1):37-43.
Dental erosion in children: a literature
review.
Linnett V, Seow WK.
University of Queensland School of Dentistry, Brisbane, Australia.
Epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of dental erosion in children varies
widely between 2 and 57%. Changes seen in dental erosion range from removal of surface
characteristics to extensive loss of tooth tissue with pulp exposure and abscess formation.
Symptoms of dental erosion range from sensitivity to severe pain associated with pulp
exposure. The etiology of dental erosion is dependent on the presence of extrinsic or intrinsic
acid in the oral environment. Extrinsic sources of acids in children include frequent
consumption of acidic foods and drinks, and acidic medications. Regurgitation of gastric
contents into the mouth, as occurs in gastroesophageal reflux, is the most common source of
intrinsic acid in children. A multitude of factors may modify the erosion process, such as
saliva, oral hygiene practices, and presence or absence of fluoride. When dental erosion is
diagnosed, it is important to investigate and identify the acid source, and to determine if the
process is ongoing. The aim of treatment is to eliminate the cause of acid exposure, and to
minimize the effects of acid exposure where it is not possible to remove the acid source.
Restoration of the dentition involves stainless steel crowns to restore lost vertical dimension,
and composite resin for esthetics.
PMID: 11242729 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Review
MeSH Terms:






Acids/adverse effects
Adolescent
Beverages/adverse effects
Child
Dental Pulp Exposure/etiology
Dental Restoration, Permanent









Dentin Sensitivity/etiology
Food/adverse effects
Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications
Humans
Prevalence
Tooth Erosion/diagnosis
Tooth Erosion/etiology*
Tooth Erosion/prevention & control
Tooth Erosion/therapy
Substances:

Acids
PUBMED: SSCs[tiab] with limits as above returned with 19 results. Pretty much the same as
the results from previous searches.
Results: 19
19
1.
The repair of preveneered posterior stainless steel crowns.
Yilmaz Y, Gurbuz T, Eyuboglu O, Belduz N.
Pediatr Dent. 2008 Sep-Oct;30(5):429-35.PMID: 18942604 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
2.
Stainless steel crown versus modified open-sandwich restorations for primary molars: a 2year randomized clinical trial.
Atieh M.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2008 Sep;18(5):325-32. Epub 2008 Mar 6.PMID: 18328050 [PubMed indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles
3.
Stainless steel crowns versus amalgams in the primary dentition and decision-making in
clinical practice.
Mata AF, Bebermeyer RD.
Gen Dent. 2006 Sep-Oct;54(5):347-50; quiz 351, 367-8. Review.PMID: 17004572 [PubMed
- indexed for MEDLINE]Related articles
4.
The use of adult stem cells in rebuilding the human face.
Robey PG, Bianco P.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Jul;137(7):961-72. Review.PMID: 16803822 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articlesFree article
5.
Evaluation of stainless steel crowns cemented with glass-ionomer and resin-modified glassionomer luting cements.
Yilmaz Y, Simsek S, Dalmis A, Gurbuz T, Kocogullari ME.
Am J Dent. 2006 Apr;19(2):106-10.PMID: 16764134 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
6.
Catenin expression in T1/2 carcinomas of the floor of the mouth.
Fillies T, Buerger H, Gaertner C, August C, Brandt B, Joos U, Werkmeister R.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 Dec;34(8):907-11.PMID: 15916880 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
7.
Clinical evaluation of two different methods of stainless steel esthetic crowns.
Yilmaz Y, Koçoğullari ME.
J Dent Child (Chic). 2004 Sep-Dec;71(3):212-4.PMID: 15871456 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
8.
Microleakage of restorative techniques for pulpotomized primary molars.
Guelmann M, Bookmyer KL, Villalta P, García-Godoy F.
J Dent Child (Chic). 2004 Sep-Dec;71(3):209-11.PMID: 15871455 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
9.
The survival of resin modified glass ionomer and stainless steel crown restorations in primary
molars, placed in a specialist paediatric dental practice.
Roberts JF, Attari N, Sherriff M.
Br Dent J. 2005 Apr 9;198(7):427-31.PMID: 15870802 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
10.
Retentive force and microleakage of stainless steel crowns cemented with three different
luting agents.
Yilmaz Y, Dalmis A, Gurbuz T, Simsek S.
Dent Mater J. 2004 Dec;23(4):577-84.PMID: 15688722 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
11.
Clinical outcomes for early childhood caries: influence of aggressive dental surgery.
Graves CE, Berkowitz RJ, Proskin HM, Chase I, Weinstein P, Billings R.
J Dent Child (Chic). 2004 May-Aug;71(2):114-7.PMID: 15587091 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
12.
Clinical success and parental satisfaction with anterior preveneered primary stainless steel
crowns.
Shah PV, Lee JY, Wright JT.
Pediatr Dent. 2004 Sep-Oct;26(5):391-5.PMID: 15460292 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
13.
Long-term clinical performance of esthetic primary molar crowns.
Ram D, Fuks AB, Eidelman E.
Pediatr Dent. 2003 Nov-Dec;25(6):582-4.PMID: 14733474 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
14.
Marginal adaptation of stainless steel crowns.
Croll TP, Epstein DW, Castaldi CR.
Pediatr Dent. 2003 May-Jun;25(3):249-52.PMID: 12889701 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
15.
The use of stainless steel crowns.
Seale NS.
Pediatr Dent. 2002 Sep-Oct;24(5):501-5. Review.PMID: 12412965 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
16.
Failure rates of restorative procedures following dental rehabilitation under general
anesthesia.
Tate AR, Ng MW, Needleman HL, Acs G.
Pediatr Dent. 2002 Jan-Feb;24(1):69-71.PMID: 11874065 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
17.
The influence of medical history on restorative procedure failure rates following dental
rehabilitation.
Ng MW, Tate AR, Needleman HL, Acs G.
Pediatr Dent. 2001 Nov-Dec;23(6):487-90.PMID: 11800448 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
18.
Community dental officers' use and knowledge of restorative techniques for primary molars:
an audit of two Trusts in Wales.
Maggs-Rapport FL, Treasure ET, Chadwick BL.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2000 Jun;10(2):133-9.PMID: 11310098 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
19.
Success rates of formocresol pulpotomy and indirect pulp therapy in the treatment of deep
dentinal caries in primary teeth.
Farooq NS, Coll JA, Kuwabara A, Shelton P.
Pediatr Dent. 2000 Jul-Aug;22(4):278-86.PMID: 10969431 [PubMed - indexed for
MEDLINE]Related articles
PUBMED: Preformed metal crowns[ti] => 4 results under same limits, 3 useful.
Prim Dent Care. 2007 Oct;14(4):140-4.
Preformed metal crowns: views of a group
of dental practitioners in North Wales.
Chadwick BL, Gash C, Stewart K.
Dental Health & Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales,
UK. Chadwickbl@cardiff.ac.uk
OBJECTIVES: To determine the views of general dental practitioners (GDPs) in North
Wales on the use of preformed metal crowns (PMCs) for the treatment of primary molars.
METHOD: Following ethical approval, all GDPs in the North Wales Health Authority (85)
were invited to participate in the study. After consent was given, a trained GDP conducted all
interviews regarding the participants' approach to restorative care in children, preferred
materials, use of local anaesthesia (LA), training, and use of PMCs. Their recorded responses
were transcribed and analysed at a line-by-line level to identify themes within the data. The
analysis was conducted according to a framework approach. RESULTS: Of the 85 GDPs, 27
responded to the invitation. After ten interviews no new substantive themes were emerging
and data collection ended (saturation sampling). The GDPs who responded had practised for
between three and 35 years and graduated from nine dental schools. The GDPs interviewed
knew the advantages of PMCs but did not use them. Most had received undergraduate
training with PMCs and were confident they would be able to place them if required. Reasons
given for not using them included: limited experience, cost and time placing them, fear of
hurting the child patient, need for LA, and glass-ionomer cement being easier to use.
CONCLUSIONS: These GDPs knew that PMCs were the most durable restorative option and
thought they had the skill to place them. However, they believed a less interventive approach,
without LA, worked best with children, and PMCs did not fit well with this approach.
PMID: 17931495 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
MeSH Terms, Substances
MeSH Terms:
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









Attitude of Health Personnel*
Child, Preschool
Clinical Competence
Crowns*
Dental Care for Children/psychology
Dental Prosthesis Design/psychology*
Dentist's Practice Patterns*
Dentists/psychology*
Education, Dental
Humans
Metals
Molar
Wales
Substances:

Metals
Br Dent J. 2006 Apr 22;200(8):451-4; discussion 444.
A novel technique using preformed metal
crowns for managing carious primary
molars in general practice - a retrospective
analysis.
Innes NP, Stirrups DR, Evans DJ, Hall N, Leggate M.
n.p.innes@dundee.ac.uk.
Comment in:



Br Dent J. 2006 Jun 10;200(11):600-1.
Br Dent J. 2006 Jul 22;201(2):68; author reply 68-9.
Br Dent J. 2006 Sep 9;201(5):249-50.
BACKGROUND: There is a high level of untreated dental decay in primary teeth in
Scotland. Despite evidence for the efficacy of preformed metal crowns (PMCs) for the
restoration of primary molars, few are placed in general practice, possibly due to the
interventive nature of the clinical procedure. There is, however, a novel way of placing PMCs
involving no local anaesthesia, no caries removal and no preparation of the tooth: the Hall
technique. AIM: To investigate the survival of carious primary teeth treated with PMCs
placed using a novel, simplified method - the Hall technique. SETTING: General dental
practice, in Scotland. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of practice records from one
general practitioner, from 1988 to 2001. The majority of the 978 PMCs fitted on 259
children, using the Hall technique, were placed when there was clinical evidence of
approximal caries into dentine. The Kaplan-Meier approach was used to analyse survival
times and the Mantel-Haenszel Log rank test for comparison between tooth types.
RESULTS: For all tooth types, the probability of surviving three years without being
extracted or the PMC being lost, was 73.4% (95% confidence interval 70.1% to 76.4%), and
for five years was 67.6% (95% confidence interval 63.3% to 71.5%). The probability of
surviving without extraction alone for three years was 86.0% (95% confidence interval 83.2%
to 88.4%), and for five years was 80.5% (95% confidence interval 76.5% to 83.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: Hall technique restorations placed on primary molars with decay clinically
into dentine, by a single operator in general dental practice, have a similar success rate to
some other, more conventional, restorative techniques. The technique requires further
evaluation through a prospective randomised control clinical trial before its use could be
generally recommended.
PMID: 16703041 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:
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
Comparative Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH Terms:
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
Age Factors
Cementation
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns*
Dental Alloys*
Dental Caries/pathology
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dental Prosthesis Design*
Dentin/pathology
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







General Practice, Dental
Glass Ionomer Cements
Humans
Molar/pathology*
Retrospective Studies
Scotland
Survival Analysis
Tooth Extraction
Tooth, Deciduous/pathology*
Treatment Outcome
Substances:


Dental Alloys
Glass Ionomer Cements
Pediatr Dent. 2002 Sep-Oct;24(5):489-500.
Preformed metal crowns for primary and
permanent molar teeth: review of the
literature.
Randall RC.
Clinical Affairs, 3M ESPE, St Paul, Minn, USA. rcrandall@mmm.com
The aim of this study was to carry out a review of the use and efficiency of preformed metal
crowns (PMCs) for primary and permanent molar teeth. A literature search of English
language journals was carried out using MEDLINE. Papers that addressed areas related to the
use of PMCs regarding indications for use, placement techniques, risks, longevity, cost
effectiveness and utilization were included in the review. Eighty-three papers were traced
which fulfilled the above criteria, the majority addressing PMCs in primary molar teeth. Over
half the papers were concerned with placement techniques and indications for use, with fewer
papers reporting on clinical studies. The clinical data on PMCs spanned a considerable
number of years and involved heterogeneous populations of patients, different makes and
designs of crown, and differences among the operators and evaluators who were involved in
the studies. The results, however, were in agreement that PMCs are superior to amalgam
restorations for multisurface cavities in primary molar teeth.
PMID: 12412964 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Review
MeSH Terms:


















Cementation
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns*/economics
Crowns*/utilization
Dental Alloys
Dental Care for Children/methods*
Dental Prosthesis Design*
Dental Restoration Failure
Dentition, Permanent
Humans
Molar*/abnormalities
Molar*/pathology
Risk Factors
Stainless Steel
Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic
Tooth, Deciduous/abnormalities
Tooth, Deciduous/pathology
Substances:


Dental Alloys
Stainless Steel
PUBMED: Preformed metal crowns[tiab] with previous limits, returned 12 results
Dent Update. 2009 Oct;36(8):472-4, 477-8.
The Hall Technique for managing carious
primary molars.
Innes N, Evans D, Hall N.
Dundee Dental Hospital and School.
The Hall Technique, a method of managing carious primary molars effectively with
preformed metal crowns, without the use of local anaesthesia, caries removal or tooth
preparation of any kind, is described.The technique is illustrated with a case report.The
evidence underpinning the technique is discussed, along with indications and contra-
indications for its use, and details of where clinicians can obtain further information on the
technique if they are considering using it. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Research evidence has
indicated that the Hall Technique is effective in managing dental caries in primary molar
teeth when used by General Dental Practitioners, and is preferred by them, their child patients
and the children's parents to conventional restorative methods for these teeth.
PMID: 19927456 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Case Reports
MeSH Terms:
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








Cementation
Child, Preschool
Crowns*
Dental Caries/classification
Dental Caries/therapy*
Dental Prosthesis Design
Glass Ionomer Cements
Humans
Male
Molar/pathology*
Tooth Preparation/instrumentation
Tooth, Deciduous/pathology*
Substances:

Glass Ionomer Cements
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2006 Jun;7(2):58-62; discussion 63.
Restoration of primary teeth with crowns: a
systematic review of the literature.
Attari N, Roberts JF.
Specialist Paediatric Dental Practice, Weymouth Street, London, UK.
AIM: To review the literature concerning the restoration of primary teeth with pre-formed
metal crowns (PMC). METHODS: A search of the dental literature was made electronically
using key words: stainless steel crowns primary molars, nickel-ion crowns primary molars,
nickel chrome crowns primary molars, preformed crowns primary molars, esthetic crowns
primary molars, aesthetic crowns primary molars and metal crowns primary molars. All
papers were read and assessed for their relevance to paediatric dentistry and then graded
according to a predetermined set of criteria. The relevant papers that met nearly 100% of the
criteria were graded A; 75% graded B1; more than 50% graded B2 and all others were graded
C. RESULTS: Using all the search words, 112 papers were found and fourteen were
acceptable. Of these none were rated A or B1, seven B2 and seven C. Failure rates of PMC
varied between 1.9 and 30.3%. In all studies the failure rate of PMC was lower than
comparable restorations and in some studies this was statistically significant. The review
indicated that there was some evidence as to the efficacy and value of using pre-formed metal
crowns for primary molars. CONCLUSION: Preformed metal crowns were indicated for the
restoration of badly broken down primary molars and their success rate was superior to all
other restorative materials. However, there was an obvious lack of prospective will-controlled
studies and more research is needed.
PMID: 17140529 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:


Evaluation Studies
Review
MeSH Terms:












Bibliometrics*
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns*
Dental Prosthesis Design
Dental Restoration Failure
Dentition, Primary*
Humans
Journalism, Dental/standards
Molar
Reference Standards
Stainless Steel
Substances:

Stainless Steel
Pediatr Dent. 2002 Sep-Oct;24(5):489-500.
Preformed metal crowns for primary and
permanent molar teeth: review of the
literature.
Randall RC.
Clinical Affairs, 3M ESPE, St Paul, Minn, USA. rcrandall@mmm.com
The aim of this study was to carry out a review of the use and efficiency of preformed metal
crowns (PMCs) for primary and permanent molar teeth. A literature search of English
language journals was carried out using MEDLINE. Papers that addressed areas related to the
use of PMCs regarding indications for use, placement techniques, risks, longevity, cost
effectiveness and utilization were included in the review. Eighty-three papers were traced
which fulfilled the above criteria, the majority addressing PMCs in primary molar teeth. Over
half the papers were concerned with placement techniques and indications for use, with fewer
papers reporting on clinical studies. The clinical data on PMCs spanned a considerable
number of years and involved heterogeneous populations of patients, different makes and
designs of crown, and differences among the operators and evaluators who were involved in
the studies. The results, however, were in agreement that PMCs are superior to amalgam
restorations for multisurface cavities in primary molar teeth.
PMID: 12412964 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Related articles
Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances
Publication Types:

Review
MeSH Terms:











Cementation
Child
Child, Preschool
Crowns*/economics
Crowns*/utilization
Dental Alloys
Dental Care for Children/methods*
Dental Prosthesis Design*
Dental Restoration Failure
Dentition, Permanent
Humans







Molar*/abnormalities
Molar*/pathology
Risk Factors
Stainless Steel
Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic
Tooth, Deciduous/abnormalities
Tooth, Deciduous/pathology
Substances:


Dental Alloys
Stainless Steel