Genetic diversity and population structure of three dog breeds through microsatellite loci analysis
Hoim Jeong1+ · Bong-Hwan Choi2+ · Jungwoo Eo1 · Yun-Jeong Kwon1 · Hee-Eun Lee1 · Yuri Choi1 · Jeong-An Gim1 · TaeHun Kim2 · Hwan-Hoo Seong2 · Dong-Hoon Lee3 · Ji-Hong Ha4, 5 · Kook-Il Han5 and Heui-Soo Kim1*
1Department
2Division
of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of
Korea
of Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Suwon 441-706, Republic of Korea
3Department
4School
of Equine Sciences, Sorabol College, Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk 780-711, Republic of Korea
of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
5Sapsaree
Breeding Research Institute, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-844, Republic of Korea
Abstract
There are more than 400 pure dog breeds developed through intentional artificial selection and purebred breeding.
Purebred animals have higher risk of inbreeding depression and hereditary diseases. We investigated the genetic diversity
and structure of three dog breeds in South Korea by using 12 microsatellite loci for one Korean native dog breed, Sapsaree,
and two foreign breeds, German shepherd and Belgian Malinois. The mean allele number of nine loci across all dog breeds
was 4.833, and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8. The mean of expected and observed heterozygosity were
0.415 and 0.577, respectively. Sapsaree, Korean native dog, had higher level of genetic diversity than the foreign German
shepherd and Belgian Malinois. The highest mean value of polymorphism information content was found in Sapsaree
(0.480), followed by Belgian Malinois (0.373) and German shepherd (0.355). Pairwise genetic differentiation was estimated
using fixation index FST. Sapsaree and German shepherd (FST = 0.2536) and Sapsaree and Belgian Malinois (FST = 0.2522)
had very great genetic differentiation, while moderate level of genetic differentiation was observed between German
shepherd and Belgian Malinois (FST = 0.1003). These genetic information and structure of the three dog breeds will be
effective in conservation and preservation of the genetic diversity of the three dog breeds.
Keywords
Microsatellite, Genetic diversity, Population genetics, Korean native dog breed, Purebred dog breeds