Chapter 1 Review Worksheet KEY
Hominid- Opposable thumb, Walked upright
Name
Traits
Achievements
Australopithecines
Opposable Thumb
1st to walk upright
Homo Habilis
Small brain
First to make stone tools
Homo Erectus
Larger brain, more intelligent
First to use fire
Spoken language
Migration
Neanderthals
Well-developed muscles
Hair formed
Thick bones
First to have ritual burials
Cro-Magnons
Fully Modern human
Communicated with language
Stone Age
Began
Ended
Paleolithic Age
2.5 million bc
8000 bc
1. Hunting & gathering societies
2. Nomads- people who travel from place to
place in constant search of food and water
3. People traveled in small groups
4. Simple tools/weapons made of stone, bone &
wood
5. Use of clothes & fire
6. Cave paintings found of animals
Neolithic Age
8000 bc
3000 cs
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Achievements
Developed agriculture
Domesticated animals
Used advanced tools
Made pottery
Developed weaving skills
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Chapter 2 Review Worksheet
River Valley
Location
River (s)
Climate
Achievements
Power/Authority
Mesopotamia/
Sumer
Fertile Crescent
Tigris
Euphrates
Flooding
unpredictable
Irrigations
Cuneiform
Bronze
Wheel
Sail
Plow
Independent citystates
1st government
by priests, then
generals who
became kings.
Egypt
West of Fertile
Crescent in Africa
Niles
Flooding
predictable
Hieroglyphics
Pyramids
Theocracy;
pharaohs ruling
as gods
Indus
Monsoon winds
Indus
Ganges
Flooding
unpredictable
Plumbing and
sewage systems
Strong
centralized
government
Mountains, deserts
were natural
barriers
China
Geographically
isolated
Mountains, deserts
were natural
barriers
Planned cities
No social
divisions
Huang He
Yangtze
Flooding
unpredictable
Writing
Silk
Coined Money
Cast Iron
Mandate of
Heaven
Community and
family> person
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Chapter 3 Review Worksheet
Founder/Origins
Key Beliefs
Hinduism
Buddhism
No founder/ combination of beliefs
Siddhartha Guatama/ Buddha



Reach enlightenment through Moksha
Started in India (largest)
Dharma is the moral and social duties of a
person

Reaching Enlightenment
through Nirvana
 Started in India
 Ways to reach Enlightenment4 Noble Truths/8fold Path
 Your actions in life affect your
next
Holy People- Monks
No gods
Gods
Vishnu- protector god
Shiva- destroyed god
Brahma- creator god
Sacred Literature
Vedas & Upanishads
Tripitaka
Effects on Society
Caste System- person is born into a particular caste
4 Noble Truths
Eightfold Path
Key Terms
Enlightenment
Moksha
Reincarnation
Dharma
Atman
Enlightenment
Nirvana
Karma
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Chapter 4 Review Worksheet
Chinese
Philosophies
Founder
Ideas about social order
Ideas about government
Confucianism
Confucius
To achieve harmony and proper government
people needed to follow a code of ethics

Followers recorded his ideas in
The Analects


Filial Piety- loyalty & respect for parent is
priority
People are naturally good & the best rulers are
virtuous
Daoism
Laozi
Education will improve society & advance
one’s civilization
Natural order is more important than social
order

Ruler must not only
enforce laws, but set an
example
Good government is
based on family
relationships
FIVE KEY
RELATIONSHIPS
a. father to son
b. elder brother to
younger brother
c. husband to wife
d. ruler to subject
e. friend to friend (only
equal relationship)
Government shouldn’t
play a role
Universal force guided all things
Ying and Yang
Should live in harmony with nature
Legalism
Hanfeizi
Li Si
Man is naturally evil

Legalism: b/c emphasis on law and order

Qin emperor Shi Huangdi, Great wall
overthrows Zhou w/ Mandate of Heaven in 221
B.C & applied legalism to create a strong
authoritarian gov’t
Only the ruler has authority and he needs to
use it (autocracy)
A efficient and powerful
government is key to
social order
The only way to achieve
order and build a strong
gov’t is to pass strict
laws & apply harsh
punishments (example
set by moral leaders will
not be followed or even
respected)
Qin dynasty lasted only 11 years, but started
Great Wall
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Chapter 5 Review Worksheet
Type of Government
Explanation
Tyranny
• ruled by a tyrant
Oligarchy
• rule by a few powerful people, usually warriors or generals
Aristocracy
• ruled by small group of noble land owners
Democracy
• rule by the people (citizens)
Monarchy
 ruled by a king or queen
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