4029 - Properties of the Definite Integral
• Think rectangles A bh
d rt
• Distance
a
A).
a
f ( x)dx 0 _____________________________________
b
1dx (b a) _____________________________________
B).
C) .
D).
E).
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
a
f ( x)dx f ( x)dx
b
______________________________________________
b
kf ( x)dx k f ( x)dx
a
________________________________________________
b
b
a
a
( f ( x) g ( x))dx f ( x)dx g ( x)dx
____________________________________
NOTE: Same Interval
(1). Shows the method to work Definite Integrals – like Σ
(2). IMPORTANT: Finding Area between curves
c
F). If c is between a and b , then:
b
a
c
b
a
c
f ( x)dx f ( x)dx f ( x )dx
_____________________________________
Placement of c important: upper bound of 1st , lower bound of 2nd .
REM: The Definite Integral is a number, so may solve the above like an equation
b
c
c
a
f ( x )dx
f ( x )dx
Show all the property steps to integrate.
3
1
(2 x 2 3x 5)dx
.
Given:
5
0
5
0
f ( x )dx 10
7
5
g ( x )dx 4
5
3
f ( x )dx 3
g ( x )dx 2
Show all the property steps
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
0
5
7
7
3
3
f ( x )dx
f ( x )dx
0
5
3
0
4 f ( x )dx
g ( x )dx
g ( x )dx
g ( x) f ( x) dx
5
0
G) If f (min) is the minimum value of f (x)
and f (max) is the maximum value of f (x)
on the closed interval [a,b], then
b
f (min)(b a) f ( x)dx f (max)(b a)
a
c
Example:
Show that the integral
2
0
Show that the value of
sin( x 2 )dx cannot possibly equal 2.
1
0
x 8dx lies between 2 and 3.
Remember the Mean Value Theorem for Derivatives
F (c ) f (c )
And the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
b
a
f ( x)dx
F (b) F ( a )
ba
F (b) F (a )
THEN
AVERAGE VALUE THEOREM (for Integrals):
f (c)
b
a
b
1
f ( x )dx
baa
f ( x )dx
ba
or
f (c) is the average of the function under consideration
i.e. On the velocity graph f (c) is the average velocity (value).
c is where that average occurs.
NOTICE: f (c) is the height of a rectangle with
the exact area of the region under the curve.
f (c) b a f ( x )dx
b
a
Example:
Find the average value of the function f ( x) x 2 2 x 1 on [ 2,4].
A car accelerates for three seconds. Its velocity in meters per second is modeled by v(t ) 3t 2 2t
on t [ 1, 4]. Find the average velocity.
Assignment 4029
PROPERTIES OF THE DEFINITE INTEGRAL
I. INTEGRATION INVOLVING THE SAME FUNCTION, f ( x )
=========================================================================
(A). Given
1
0
f ( x)dx 6
2
0
f ( x)dx 4
5
2
f ( x)dx 1
Find each of the following. Show the properties.
5
(1).
5
(3).
0
(5).
0
f ( x)dx
2
(2).
f ( x) dx
2
(4).
f ( x )dx
1
(6).
1
2
f ( x )dx
1
f ( x )dx
2
f ( x)dx
5
(B). Given
4
1
f ( x)dx 5
4
3
f ( x)dx 7
8
1
f ( x)dx 11
Find each of the following. Show the properties
8
(7).
3
(9).
(11).
4
1
4
8
3
f ( x ) dx
(8).
f ( x ) dx
f ( x) dx
8
(10).
f ( x)dx
4
(12).
4
3
4
f ( x )dx
f ( x ) dx
(C). Given
1
1
f ( x)dx 0
1
f ( x)dx 5
0
Find each of the following. Show the properties
(13).
(15).
0
1
1
f ( x)dx
(14).
3 f ( x) dx
(16).
1
1
f ( x)dx
0
1
0
0
1
f ( x)dx
f ( x ) dx
==============================================================================
====================================================================
II. INTEGRATION INVOLVING THE SAME INTERVAL, [a , b]
=========================================================================
(C). Given
6
2
f ( x)dx 10
6
2
g ( x)dx 2
Find each of the following. Show the properties.
f ( x) g ( x) dx
6
(17)
(19)
2
6
2
2 f ( x) dx
g ( x)
6
(18)
(20)
2
2
6
f ( x) dx
3g ( x)dx