ARDHI UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF REAL ESTATE STUDIES 2201 – 2014 ACCESS TO LAND RESOURCES VULNERABILITY AND HIV/AIDS IN TANZANIA Tanzania: Main Coordinator Dr. Moses Mpogole Kusiluka Head, Real Estate Finance and Investment School of Real Estate Studies P.O. Box 35176 Ardhi University Email: kusiluka@gmail.com Phone: +255 767 318905 Sweden: Main Coordinator Dr. Jenny Paulsson Division of Real Estate Planning and Land Law Department of Real Estate and Construction Management KTH -Royal Institute of Technology 100 44 SE Email: Jenny.paulsson@abe.kth.se Phone: +46 8 790 6661 1 SUMMARY The proposed program falls under the thematic area that is aimed at strengthening capacity on Training and Research in Gender and Empowerment. The program intends to assess the contribution of the existing policies, instruments and legal frameworks on access, use and ownership rights on land resources by people living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania. It targets to; first, evaluate policies, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerabilities in accessing land resources and map HIV/AIDS status progression vis-a-vis the abilities and desire to access or own property. The program will train two Local PhD Students; under double degree model (the PhD award will be jointly offered by the collaborating Universities in Sweden and Tanzania). The Program will develop a taught PhD and MSc. curricula in Land Administration jointly with Program 2203: Developing Capacity to address Challenges of Commercial Pressure over Land for Large Scale Investment in Agriculture, Energy and Minerals Exploitation in collaboration with our partners in Sweden. Development of the program curricula is budgeted under program 2203. The partnership will be strengthened by conducting one major research project. At the program level the expected outcomes are (1) increased capacity to research, train and apply knowledge on land related ‘HIV/AIDS vulnerability issues’ (2) Increased awareness and advocacy campaign on PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing and holding on land resources (3) Formulation or amendments of the policies addressing PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing and holding on land (4) Increased number of staff with a capacity to analyse, map and develop appropriate interventions (5) Adoption of a tool to identify the pattern and intervene the cycle of behaviour of the PLWHIV/ AIDS towards land ownership and (6) Reduced cases of PLWHIV-AIDS vulnerabilities on land resources. The program has the potential for creation of capacity to inform, influence and advocate for policies aimed to ensure access to land by people living with HIV/AIDS. POPULAR SCIENCE DESCRIPTION HIV/AIDS has brought an adverse impact to human kind in both developed and developing countries. However, developing countries, especially those in the Sub-Saharan Africa including Tanzania have been severely affected. The pandemic has exposed individuals and families to destitution, loss of manpower and vulnerability. In many instances, the efforts are directed towards containing the spread of the disease and little has been done in empowering and protecting the rights of the people who are already affected. This has led to silent or self induced exclusion of people living with HIV/AIDS and their dependants in accessing and/or owning land resources. This situation calls for intervention by stakeholders. One of the ways to address vulnerabilities and exclusions is by developing a knowledge base that will help in the protection and empowerment of people living with HIV/AIDS. This program aims at addressing three questions: (i) How are policies and legal instruments in place useful in protecting and empowering people living with HIV/AIDS in accessing and/or owning land resources? (ii) How can the patterns of land ownership behaviour of people living with HIV/AIDS be classified? This research will explore these questions with an intention of identifying predicaments faced by people living with HIV/AIDS and propose policy options intended to empower and safeguard the interest of this group of people and their dependants. Also, it will develop skills necessary to improve research and training capacity on access to land resource, vulnerability and HIV/AIDS pandemic in Tanzania. 2 ENCLOSURE 1 1. Introduction This program has been developed by the School of Real Estate Studies (SRES) of the Ardhi University (ARU) in collaboration with the Centre for Finance (CeFiN), Division of Real Estate Planning and Land Law and the Division of Urban and Regional Studies (URS) at KTH. The program aims at addressing a research theme in the ARU concept note on thematic area 2.4.7; which is intended to strengthen capacity on Training and Research in Gender and Empowerment of which the output will improve the capacity of the people living with HIV/AIDS in accessing and holding on land resources in Tanzania. Under the proposed program, two PhD students will be trained through a double degree model for four years (48 months). The two students will be enrolled straight into a PhD program to be supervised jointly between KTH and ARU and PhD awarded by the two institutions. The program will be carried out through three sub-components, where two will result into PhD dissertations and one is a major research project. The major research project will jointly be carried out by researchers at ARU and partners in Sweden. The Program in collaboration with program 2203 will develop a taught PhD and MSc. curricula in Land Administration. Our partners at KTH will be fully involved in the curriculum development process. The taught PhD and MSc. courses are expected to continue beyond a 5 years program life. The details and budgets for this curriculum development are found in the submission of program 2203. 2. Background Access to land resources in Tanzania is a process governed by a number of instruments and policies (Kessy et.al, 2008). These tools are mainly silent or do not provide for an exclusive stance on the rights of the people affected by HIV/AIDS and their dependants (Kessy et.al, 2008; Manji, 1996; Mbaya, 2002). Stigma, misunderstandings and misconceptions on the part of the society have further aggravated the silent and self exclusion of the people living with the HIV/AIDS and their dependants from equally sharing land resources (Manji, 1996; Ezer, 2006). Government efforts have been mainly directed into dealing with issues prior to infection such as containing the spread of the infection through advocacy campaigns (Kessy, et.al, 2008) and provision of life prolonging medication after the infection (URT, 2013). HIV/AIDS pandemic has caused the death of many Tanzania’s workforce. At the moment the rate of HIV infection is estimated to be at 5.1% (URT, 2013). The dependants of the deceased often women (widows - it is considered that way but there could also be men) and children have been exposed to a number of set-backs including losing their matrimonial homes and family houses (Ezer, 2006; Strickland, 2004). At the heart of this, are inadequate legal frameworks, policies, customs, norms and rituals which place men as the head of the family and bread winner (Kessy et.al, 2008; Ezer, 2006, Aliber et. al, 2004). In other incidences people living with HIV/AIDS have been involved in the sale of the matrimonial or family land resources such as houses or farms before they become critically-ill and squander the proceeds leaving behind their dependants without any land based resource. These occurrences have been in the rise and require an intervention. At the moment however, it is difficult to qualify or quantify the depth of occurrence of the mentioned issues. This justifies the need to carry out research in order to understand the challenges facing people living with the HIV/AIDS and their dependants in order to inform policy makers on the need to promulgate policies and laws which directly address access to land resources by this group of people. 3 2.1. The Context of the Program in Relation to the University Concept Note The program intends to address a research theme under the ARU concept paper on gender and empowerment. The relegation of people living with the HIV/AIDS into a vulnerable status and lack of support instrument in ensuring their access and ownership of land resources is a priority issue at the University and national levels. People living with HIV/AIDS and their dependants have been subjected to economic and social hardships due lack of or inadequate implementation of the existing land instruments. The need to have experts, skills and knowledge related to issues of land resource access and ownership by people living with the HIV/AIDS cannot be overemphasized. Similarly, policy options developed through the project will enable policy makers to make informed decisions when it comes to land ownership question by the people living with the HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, the proposed research will provide insights to be used by financial institutions in advancing loans to people living with HIV/AIDS. It is within the interest of this program to enhance the capacity of the University, central government and all responsible authorities dealing with land administration and HIV/AIDS pandemic to understand, appreciate and put in place policies and plans intended to deal with the rights of the people living with HIV/AIDS. This proposed program draws together expected results as put forward by the Ardhi University concept note and the Government of Tanzania through the National Research Agenda (2014-2019) as the main objective is linked to access to land resources by all groups in the society in both rural and urban areas focusing on people affected with HIV/AIDS. 2.2. The Problem(s) to be addressed HIV/AIDS is still a national calamity in Tanzania albeit decline in infection levels to a single digit (URT, 2013). The government in Tanzania through various land related policies, laws and regulations is emphasizing equity in access to land resources by all citizens (Kessy et.al, 2008; Ezer, 2006). However, vulnerable groups such as people living HIV/AIDS, their immediate dependants and relatives have been affected by traditions, norms, customs, taboos, rituals, perception and the societal and own attitudes. Likewise, lack of policies and legal instruments which explicitly defend these groups’ rights has fuelled their silent exclusion from accessing this noble resource and finances intended for the capital intensive, long term land development projects (Mbaya, 2002; Remtullah, 1999; Rugalema et.al, 1999; Mutangadura et.al, 2005; Yamano, 2002). From the continuing outcry of vulnerable groups it is vivid that the enforcement of the existing mechanism is still weak. The legal, policy and institutional interventions related to access to land resources have crucial impact on improving the livelihoods, food security and investment to people affected with HIV/AIDS and their dependants (Strickland, 2004). The research training as well as other research works in this program will be focused on two issues: (1) Policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerability in access to land; taking into consideration the impact of customs and traditions. The research on policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerability in access to land will lead to new knowledge with diverse future applications that could respond to the needs of the society; specifically people affected by HIV/AIDS and their dependants. The research will look at the availability and adequacy of the existing policies in ensuring access to land resources by the people living with HIV/AIDS and protection of their dependants’ rights on land upon demise of the land holder. The research will also look at the impact of customs, traditions, rituals and taboos in land ownership in rural and urban areas. The outcomes will contribute in the 4 formulation of policies which will contribute to fighting and eliminating stigma and exclusion of people living with HIV/AIDS in accessing land resources in Tanzania. It is also expected that the research results will inform policy makers in further developing policies and legal instruments to protect the rights of the dependants. (2) Mapping of HIV/AIDS infection progression and the decision or ability to hold on or disposeof rights over land resource. In relation to this, the research intends to look at the attitude of people living with HIV/AIDS throughout the infection cycle (asymptomatic, early illness, chronic illness, critical illness) and in the case of eventuality-death which lead to survivors. Mapping HIV/AIDS status progression in relation to land resources is intended to open a new area of knowledge on the relationship between the depth of the infection and the decision to hold on or own land resources. The idea is that due to shock, despair or fear of not living longer some of the people affected by HIV/AIDS tend to sell their land based resources at the earlier stages of the infection through distress sale i.e. forced sale which may lead to low prices of the landed resource. In case they live longer, these people become a burden to the government and their immediate family members. On the other hand immediate family members may decide to sell victim’s land at the chronicle stage of the disease in order to be able to cater for much needed medical care. In both situations the dependants will suffer; in some situation this has been the cause of street children and sex workers (Ezer, 2006). The understanding of the attitude of the people living with HIV/AIDS in different stages of the infection will be of help in planning for assistance in the management of the land resources considering good practice and confidentiality. 2.3. Relevance of the Research Area(s) Access to and equitable sharing of land resources is important to human kind because it is the source of economic stability and social acceptance. In order to ensure equality in sharing this resource; instruments (both traditional and modern) are required to address interests and rights of all groups within the society. This research evaluates the principal documents used in administering land in Tanzania such as the National Land Policy, 1995; the Land Act, No. 4, the Village Land Act No. 5, the National Human Settlement Development Policy, 2000 and the Marriage Act, 1973 with an intention to assess specific provisions addressing access to or ownership of land resource by people living with HIV/AIDS and their dependants. Further, the research areas identified in this program are intended to address issues pertaining to access to behaviour of the people living with HIV/AIDS in accessing or holding on land resources over the infection cycle. The outcome of this program will benefit various stakeholders such as policy makers, NGOs and government institution and banks. The School intends to train two students at the level of PhD in (1) adequacy of the existing policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing land resource; (2) Patterns of the attitude of the people living with HIV/AIDS in land resources over the infection cycle. 2.4. The Approach Chosen to Capacity Building Capacity building in this program is divided into two major components; the training and research components. In the training components two students are expected to be trained at a PhD level. The two students will be trained through a double degree program model and will be registered at ARU and KTH during the respective study periods. The program jointly with the other two programs in the School of Real Estate and in collaboration with our partners in Sweden will also develop a taught MSc. course in Land Administration and taught PhD in Land 5 Administration which will be tenable at ARU. The Master students enrolled in the newly developed program will be trained locally and it will be open to other applicants. This program is expected to start in September, 2016. The human resources to run the MSc and PhD programs are expected to be available both locally and from our partners in Sweden. The School has enough qualified staff comprising of one professor and 12 PhD holders; two of them in senior levels with experience in supervising PhD projects. The population of this study is divided into two major groups; the primary group and secondary group. The primary group entails the people who are living with HIV/AIDS and their dependants while the secondary group is made up of office holders in organisations which are directly related to or involved with HIV/AIDS issues. The students and researchers who will participate in this program will have an opportunity to meet and consult or interview the key stakeholders including people living with HIV/AIDS, government officials (Ministry of Health, Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human Settlement Development, Ministry of Justices and Constitutional Affairs), local governments authorities (LGAs) and Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS), dependants of the people living with HIV/AIDS, Researchers at the National Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), Staff at various Voluntary Counseling Centres (VCTs), Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), Community Based Organisations (CBOs) and religious organisations in the course of investigating the existing situation and getting feed-back on the proposed framework. For Primary group respondents; purposive sampling will be used. Only willing and informed people will be interviewed under strict confidence. The program intends to use “Snowball” Sampling technique. The start points for the “snow balling” are religious leaders, organisations dealing with people living with HIV/AIDS (mainly NGOs and CBOs) and government organisations such as NIMR & TACAIDS and VCTs. The School of Real Estate has been working closely with most of the mentioned stakeholders in various issues related to access, management and utilisation of land resources. In the research component, the project intends to carry out one major research jointly with our partners in Sweden. The research will cover “the behaviour of the people living with HIV/AIDS towards access to land and ownership over the infection cycle”. The costs for this research component are fully budgeted under the University wide program. Our partners in Sweden will directly be involved in the preparation of research instruments and conduct of the research. The intention of the research is to foster joint research and publications between researchers in the two institutions. The joint research is expected to promote further cooperation between the researchers in future projects. 3. Benefits and Added Value for the Partnership between Ardhi University and KTH Short term: The short term benefits for the partnering institution will be increased number of PhD trained staff as well as increased knowledge obtained by supervisors in both institutions. The partner institutions will also benefit by retaining various books, equipment and other research instruments bought during implementation of the program. Long Term: The generated knowledge and outputs in this program will help to widen the understanding of the research themes to be used as reference materials for research and teaching both under and postgraduate students. The established collaboration between ARU and KTH will benefit its members through formal and informal future collaborations as well as shape their 6 perspectives using the knowledge obtained while implementing the program. Peer reviewed publications from the research component and PhD dissertations from the training component will increase the University visibility and attract more potential collaborative research activities not only with the Swedish Institutions but also from many other countries that will be interested in working with ARU researchers in future in various relevant research areas including HIV/AIDS vulnerability and access to land resources. Also the intended taught MSc. program will create an opportunity for more enrolments at ARU and possible visiting lectures of our partners in Sweden. 4. Plans and Expected Outcome of the Selected Research Training Area(s) of Focus. See enclosure 2 for the matrix of results showing objectives, outcomes and outputs. 5. Capacity Development Process: Brief Outline of Planned Activities The program on ‘Access to Land Resources Vulnerability and HIV/AIDS in Tanzania’ is aimed at capacity building in three frontiers (1) to strengthen School staff skills in research and teaching on areas related to access to land by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV/AIDS); (2) enhancing the capacity of the stakeholders (NGOs, government ministries and institutions) by providing them with relevant knowledge on issues of HIV/AIDS vulnerability on land ownership and behaviours of the affected persons towards land holding/ownership during the infection cycle and (3) Propose a framework or policy options to deal with issues on access to land resources by PLWHIV/AIDS. 5.1 Training The program will have three sub-components, from which two PhD students will be trained and one major research will be conducted jointly by researchers from the two participating institutions. Students who will be registered for a joint PhD program will be required to develop their studies within the context of the two program sub-components as indicated below: 5.1.1 Program Sub-component 1: The Adequacy of the existing policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerability in accessing land is evaluated and documented (1 Local PhD Training) This program sub component will focus on assessing the adequacy of the existing policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerabilities in accessing land in selected regions of Tanzania. The focus will be on the severely affected regions such as Njombe, Kagera, Dar es Salaam, Mbeya and Iringa. The aim is to assess the position of the law in ensuring access to and/or ownership of land resources by the people living with HIV/AIDS and their dependants. The focus will be on whether the policies, laws and institutional machineries have adequately responded to the needs of people living with HIV/AIDS considering their patterns of behaviour developed during the infection cycle. The analysis will also entail identifying the desire and abilities of the people living with HIV/AIDS in accessing, utilising and holding on land resources. This program sub components intends to develop an advocacy plan for the government to consider putting in place a mechanism to ensure access to land by people affected with HIV/AIDS and their dependants. After completion of this program sub-component it is expected that: The adequacy of the existing policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerabilities in accessing land is investigated and documented. 7 Key outcomes/results i. Capacity to research, train and apply knowledge on land related ‘HIV/AIDS vulnerability issues’ increased; ii. Increased awareness and advocacy campaign on PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing and holding on land resources iii. Formulation or amendments of the policies and existing legal machinery addressing PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing and holding on land 5.1.2: Program sub component 2: The patterns of attitude of the people living with HIV/AIDS towards accessing, utilising and holding land resources during the infection cycle is analysed, documented, mapped and appropriate intervention measures developed (1 Local PhD and 1 Major Research Project). This program sub-component is set to assess and analyse patterns of attitude of people living with HIV/AIDS towards accessing, utilising and holding on land resources during the infection cycle. While the rate of HIV/AIDS infection is declining country-wide, the impact of the loss of physical property or right over land during illness or death is high for both people living with HIV/AIDS and dependants/survivors. Access to land, control and appropriate utilisation of property, land or house are fundamental determinants of secure livelihood a shield against further infection within the family. In a family affected by HIV/AIDS, members may spend more time in taking care of the patient and spend little in their farms; spouses and children or old parents kicked out of the family houses and in some incidences the affected person may decide to sell the family or matrimonial house or farm to ensure continued living. Conceptual mapping of sickness levels and the decision to hold on or dispose land resources may facilitate tracing the link between the desires to access, utilise and hold on land resources in different levels of HIV/AIDS infection status. The study design will also allow investigating the emerging characteristics of people living with HIV/AIDS, dependants and other members at family level at each level of infection. Understanding attitude of the people living with HIV/AIDS is important in devising appropriate measures and tools for protecting the loss of the right to access, utilise and hold on land resources at different levels of infection. After the completion of this component of the program it is expected that: 1. Attitudes of the people living with HIV/AIDS towards accessing, utilising and holding on land resources over the entire infection cycle are identified and documented (Major Research Project). 2. The patterns of the attitudes of the people living with HIV/AIDS towards accessing, utilising and holding-on land resources over the infection cycle are evaluated, mapped and appropriate interventions devised (Local PhD). Key outcomes/ results: i. Increased number of staff with a capacity to analyse, map and develop appropriate interventions; ii. Adoption of a tool to identify the pattern and intervene the cycle of behaviour of the PLWHIV/ AIDS towards land ownership; iii. Reduced cases of PLWHIV-AIDS vulnerabilities on access to land resources The action plan for PhD component is shown in the plan below: 8 Table--: Action plan for PhD component Activities Year I 1 2 3 4 Year II 1 2 3 4 Year III 1 2 3 4 Year IV 1 2 3 4 Year V 1 2 3 Outputs 4 PhD concept notes Candidates Elaborate proposal 1. Invite concept notes, assess/scrutinize and select potential PhD candidates 2. Facilitate selected candidates to prepare draft elaborate proposals 3. Programme orientation Process, procedures and milestones (for PhD) Credit units Paper 4. Attending first round-courses and literature search/review in SWE and write a paper 5. Review and approval of post graduate regulations 6. Develop PhD taught programmes (include consultation with stakeholders as well as approval process) Develop University-wide PhD courses Develop discipline-specific PhD courses 7. Develop course teaching materials and manuals 8. Pilot and review the selected courses PGD Regulations Discipline specific courses Teaching materials and manuals Revised course materials Credit units PhDs Field data information Draft dissertation Peer comments PhD award Published dissertation 9. Offer and examine the approved courses 10. Major PhD fieldwork studies 11. Report writing/data analysis 12. Final seminar 13. Submission of dissertation 14. Publication of dissertation 9 5.2. The Research Environment Researchers from the School of Real Estate (SRES) at ARU and our partners from KTH who will be involved in this program represent a pool of experts in land administration, sociology, finance, land law, land utilisation and management, gender and empowerment and public health specifically in HIV/AIDS related areas. These researchers are very experienced and have been involved in research activities in these and related areas of expertise as shown in their CV and list of publications which both form part of this submission. Some academic staff members within the School of Real Estate Studies and ARU at large, holding PhDs that are related to subject area of this research. One of the staff members in the school is in the final stages of her PhD in issues related to vulnerability and HIV/AIDS in the country. It is, therefore, apparent that capacity to cosupervise PhD candidates is available and students will gain a lot of knowledge and experience from the pool of the senior researchers with diverse experiences in research within the program area. 5.3. The Available and Required Infrastructure Ardhi University has suitable infrastructure that can suit the purpose of the proposed program. The existing infrastructure includes office space, internet facilities and possible transport facility that can be hired by the program for the implementation of field activities to work on the program sub-component. On the other hand, the collaborating partner has supporting infrastructure to effectively assist in carrying out the program activities. In addition, it is proposed to procure some equipment for efficient execution of the program; these include: laptops, beamers, desk top computers, printers, recorders with transcribers and photocopiers. In order to ensure sustainability and long term utilisation of equipment reliable maintenance and repairs are important. As much as possible the procured equipment should be of a common brand in Tanzania for ease of maintenance and repair in local environment. 5.3.1. H an d l in g of Expensive Equipment and Maintenance and Insurance Policies Newly acquired equipment will be provided with a warranty that is valid for at least two years. The equipment will be allocated to individuals who will be responsible for the control, monitoring and management of the assets on a day to day basis. These individuals will be required to report on the condition of the equipment they are using to the program coordinator on monthly basis. For equipment which requires technical competence in using them, such as GPS, training by specialists from the School of Geo-spatial Science and Technology (SGST) will be provided. 5.3.2. Handling of Equipment and the University Regulations According to Ardhi University regulations; schools are semi-autonomous on the handling of equipment acquired. Equipment are allocated to specific department and individual users who are responsible for monitoring and maintenance of the assets. Schools are required to report to the office of the bursar on any movement of assets used within the campus. Each equipment is assigned a special code which is used to identify its location and user and entered in the asset register. Inventory verification is conducted each year to check existence condition and movement. The maintenance of equipment is catered for by funds from central University pool. Currently owned assets and those proposed to be acquired will be managed, controlled and monitored in line with the existing University guidelines. 10 5.4. Academic Networks Available The School of Real Estate Studies (SRES) at Ardhi University, besides having the current c o l l a b o r a t i v e programme with Sida and other development partners at the university level, has established networks with a number of both local and international organisations which have assisted in the enhancement of teaching and research capacity in the school and university at large. Swedish development partners have worked with the school in a Land Management Programme and the on-going Sida program. Support that has continued to build and sustain our capacity at ARU include those from the Government of Tanzania, , Swedish government through SIDA support, the World Bank through the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training STEP program, the Royal Government of Norway through its Norwegian Embassy in Dar es Salaam. Others are Germany Exchange Program (DAAD); The United States Agency for International Development (USAID); The Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA). One of the main research and human capacity building projects being undertaken by ARU in collaboration with donors is Science, Technology and Higher Education Project (STHEP). Experience developed over years through various programs that have been implemented under the networks developed and supported by the above mentioned development partners organisations has created enough capacity of maintaining the new proposed network and also in the implementation of this program. 5.5. Staff Mobility issues and University Retention Policy The Human Resource Policy at Ardhi University and other public Universities in Tanzania stipulates that the tenure for academic members of staff is on permanent terms except for those recruited above the age of 45 and retirees who are employed under contract basis. As such trained staff members under this program are expected to work as teaching staff at this University on permanent contract terms. Students to be trained under this program will be selected on the basis of existing admission regulations. The candidates for PhD programs will be selected from the pool of the existing assistant lecturers within the school. All students enrolled in this program will sign a special agreement with the University with the provision for working with the School after their graduation for a stipulated period. Currently, ARU retention policy requires that the PhD students to continue working as academic staff or researchers for 5 years after completion of their education. 6. The Planned Contribution and Responsibility of each of the Partners in the Proposed Research Training Program. Please refer to Enclosure 3 to see the planned contribution and responsibility of each of the program team members. 7. Management 7.1. Administrative Resources Available The program coordination team understands that most of the activities in the program will be technical and therefore handled by the Team Leader and the members of the coordination and supervising team. Issues of human resources will be handled by School administrative officer. University financial regulations shall be applied to ensure that value for money for all transactions carried out within the program is realised. For the procurement of equipment and consumables, the Public Procurement Act, 2011 and University Accounting Manual will be strictly adhered to. 11 7.2. Management of Career Opportunities for Participating Researchers and Students Being an academic unit of the University, all researchers working on the program will be allowed to work on activities for accomplishing program objectives while students recruited by the program will come from within the ARU staff. In the case where students do not come from within the University an arrangement will be made to see the possibility of utilising the candidates after the completion of their PhD program in various research and training activities. 7.3. Potential Internal and External Risks and Actions for Mitigation of the Risks. There is a risk that students enrolled in this program from within the University might terminate, abandon or leave before the completion of their studies and therefore threaten the achievement of the program objectives and sustainability. In order to mitigate this risk the program will adopt the Human Resource policy which among others, requires teaching members of academic staff going for further studies to sign a legally binding contract. The contract requires staff members to work with the University for not less than five years upon successful completion of their studies. In the case where the staff /student fails to do so, penalty include refunding the full amount expended on training as well as legal actions 8. The Operational Issues of the Research Training Program Strengthening Component 8.1. University Giving Degree The general plan is for PhDs to be awarded by Ardhi University and KTH based on double degree arrangement whereby students will be registered at KTH as well as at Ardhi University. This arrangement is based on three major reasons: (i) The taught PhD courses at ARU in collaboration with our partner institutions to be developed. Also, students will attend crosscutting courses in Sweden in their first year of study while PhD courses at ARU are being developed. (ii) The University has been for the past 15 years receiving capacity building support from Sida. Thus the program management is of the opinion that there is a reasonable capacity for supervising the PhD locally. (iii) Granting of the PhD at ARU will increase the visibility and up-grade the ranking of the University. 8.2. Governance 8.2.1 Procedures for Selecting and Recruitment of Masters and PhD Students An open call will be made for the opportunity for further studies within the programme. ARU staff will be encouraged to apply but they should show that they meet the required standards and qualifications to be considered for a position. Admission of postgraduate students will be undertaken first by the departmental higher degrees, research and publication committees, and secondly endorsed by school boards. Our partners in Sweden and Swedish Embassy in Tanzania will also be involved in the admission process by scrutinizing the credentials of the applicants. The school boards are also responsible for the approval of research outputs. Monitoring and evaluation of progress in research and research training is usually conducted quarterly at the departmental, school and university levels through departmental committees, school and the institute boards and the Senate Higher Degrees, Research and Publications Committee (SHDRPC), respectively. Schools and the Institutes will ensure that final research reports are 12 peer-reviewed and researchers have adhered to acceptable scientific methods and norms of investigation and analysis. ARU Research Policy of 2010; General Guidelines and Regulations for Postgraduate Studies of 2008, and the Intellectual Property Rights Policy of 2012 are the tools to guide all the procedures. Preference is to be given to academic staff currently on training post and in accordance with the Ardhi University Training Scheme. 8.3. Quality Assurance ARU has a Quality Assurance Bureau (QAB) which is responsible for foreseeing that all services offered by the university meet international and national standards. QAB has put in place internal structures and mechanisms for monitoring inputs and processes necessary to promote research and academic standards and achieve quality outputs. Being one of the academic units at the University, The School of Real Estate Studies will adopt the same quality assurance structure which is in existence at the University at the moment. 8.4. Time Perspective of the Partnership and Sustainability Plans for the Program The partnership is envisaged to remain intact for all five years of the program implementation and that researchers from the two institutions will be fully responsible for their assigned tasks. Monitoring and evaluation of the program which will be conducted annually will ensure sustainability of the program by making sure that the entire outputs and program outcomes are delivered. The School and our partners at KTH may extend their collaboration by applying for other projects beyond the existing program. 8.5. Short and Long Term Financial Strategy The School of Real Estate Studies operations are guided by various ARU regulations. Funds Management is done centrally through the office of the Bursar, and is guided by ARU Financial Regulations and Accounting Manual. An accountant is assigned to each School to handle program funds. The School as an academic unit has been receiving funds from the University for both research and training activities as part of government subventions. The long term financial strategy is to make sure that the 8 percent of the funds for research from the total University receivables is used to finance or supplement the activities of the program whenever the need arises. 8.6. Monitoring and Evaluation 8.6.1 Overall University Coordination Office The University Quality Assurance Bureau (QAB) and Directorate of Postgraduate Studies, Research and Publication (SHDRPC) are responsible for monitoring and evaluation of progress in research and postgraduate training. Monitoring and Evaluation Review (ME) is usually conducted quarterly at departmental, school and university levels through respective departmental committees, school and the Institute Boards and, the Senate Higher Degrees, Research and Publications Committee (SHDRPC). ARU will ensure that final research, dissertation reports and PhD theses undergo proper reviews to ensure that researchers have adhered to acceptable scientific methods and norms of investigation and analysis and the respective tools that guide evaluation have been employed. Like in the previous programmes supported by Sida, the Programme Monitoring Committee (PMC) will be the key Programme management organ at the University for overseeing implementation of the proposed 13 programme. PMC will convene on quarterly basis as a way to monitor the implementation of programme activities. This programme will be evaluated using current mechanisms in place for Sida projects. It should be noted that Sida supported programs have Annual Review Meetings whereby Progress Reports are presented and later submitted to Sida together with Audited Financial Statements. KTH are willing to have a central coordination for co-operation which will be responsible for offering a professional support and guidance to the involved parts in Tanzania, and Sida program coordinators involved in the program. 8.6.2. Individual Program Coordinator The individual program coordinators shall be fully responsible for achievement of the outputs expected in their projects. Further, they will oversee, planned activities implementation, timely preparation and submission of reports as per Sida guidelines, accounting for advanced funds, management of project equipment and smooth implementation of the project plan. This program shall require study plans for PhD students before the beginning of the new academic year. Activity plans will be presented in September every year, whereas annual progress reports for both MSc. and PhD will be presented in June every year. 9. Organization of the Personnel Welfare Related to Exchange of Staff Each collaborating Institution will follow laid down national and institutional personnel and welfare procedures and regulations. However, coordinators and supervisors in coordination with PMC and the office of the DVC-AA shall assist the sandwich PhD student(s) for obtaining their VISAs, and will organize the payment of their allowances. The Swedish partner University will handle the payment of allowances in Sweden as well as the insurance matters. 10. Ethical Consideration In all research and in particular interviews, participating staff are required to strictly adhere to the University rules on how to conduct research and obtain necessary permits and ethical approvals. Data gathering will be carried out in accordance with the national and universities’ ethical policies and guidelines. For example, all potential participants for focus group discussions and interviews will be contacted in advance with a written briefing about the objectives of the programme/research, the independence of the researchers and the expected contribution of the research outputs. Hence, all interviews and focus group discussions will be carried out on a voluntary basis. Data protection, consent and confidentiality, in accordance with research ethics, research participants will be informed that fieldwork data will remain confidential. All research participants will be ensured of their anonymity in the process of data analysis and that no individuals will be identifiable in written reports based on empirical data. Ethical sensitivity will also be shown in the use of published and unpublished secondary data. When and where necessary, agreement from public agencies and other relevant institutions will be sought to access secondary sources of data. Unpublished data and information will only be used and cited with explicit consent of author or owner institutions. Special care will be shown to avoid misleading interpretation and misinterpretation of data and information in all published and unpublished sources. The programme will not use animals or involve human stem cells. Furthermore, all publications produced under this programme will acknowledge the financial support by Sida under ARU and Sida research cooperation agreement. 14 Apart from the University wide ethical considerations and guidelines, this program deals with health issues which require special clearance from the National Insititute of Medical Research (NIMR). The program Coordinator in Tanzania has already started the processes for obtaining the ethical clearance certificate. The process may take a couple of weeks before the certificate is obtained since there are various organs which are to be involved in the decision. 11. References: Aliber, M., C. Walker, M. Machera, P. Kamau, C. Omondi and K. Kanyinga. (2004) The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Land Rights: Case studies from Kenya. Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa Publishers, Cape Town. Ezer, T. (2006). Inheritance Law in Tanzania: the impoverishment of widows and daughters. The Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law, Vol. VII, pp 599-662. Kessy, F., J. Kweka, R. Makaramba and I. Kiria. (2008). Vulnerability and Property Rights of Widows and Orphans in the Era of the HIV and AIDS Pandemic: A case study of Muleba and Makete Districts, Tanzania. HIV/AIDS Programme Working Paper 5. FAO, Rome. Knight, R. S. (2010). Statutory recognition of customary land rights in Africa: An investigation into best practices for lawmaking and implementation. FAO Legislative Study 105. Rome. Manji, A.S. (1996). The case for Women’s Rights to Land in Tanzania: Some Observations in the Context of AIDS. UTAFITI (New Series), Vol. 3(2), pp 11-38. Mbaya, S. (2002). HIV/AIDS and its impact on land issues in Malawi. Paper presented at the FAO/SARPN Workshop on HIV/AIDS and Land, Pretoria, 24-25 June Mutangadura, J. (2005). Gender, HIV/AIDS and Rural Livelihood in Southern Africa: Addressing the Challenges. Culture and African Women Studies, Issue 7, Nairobi Kenya Rehmtulla, S. (1999). Initiatives to help widows in the struggle for property and inheritance rights in Tanzania. Paper presented at a conference on AIDS, Livelihood and Social Change in Africa,Wageningen,The Netherlands, April. Rugalema, G.,Weigang, S. & Mbwika, J. (1999). HIV/AIDS and the commercial agricultural sector of Kenya: Impact, vulnerability, susceptibility and coping strategies. Rome. FAO. Strickland R. S. (2004). To Have and to Hold: Women’s Property and Inheritance Rights in the Context of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa, ICRW Working Paper, Washington DC. The United Republic of Tanzania (2013). Tanzania in Figures 2012. Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Finance. Tibaijuka, A. K. (1997). AIDS and economic welfare in peasant agriculture: Case studies from Kagabiro Village, Kagera Region,Tanzania.World Development, 15(6), 963-975. 15 UNICEF (2011). Right Based Approach Principles. www.advocate-forchildern.org/advocacy/rights-based-approach/principles. retrieved on 22nd October, 2014. Yamano,T. & Jayne,T. (2002). Measuring the impacts of prime-age adult death on rural households in Kenya. Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. 12. Intellectual Property Right (IPR) and Patent Issues Please refer the overall (University) level proposal. 16 ENCLOSURE 2: RESULTS-BASED MANAGEMENT LOGICAL FRAMEWORK: 2015– 2020 Summary Problem Statement: Inadequate policies and individual’s attitude have an impact in ensuring access to land resources by people living with HIV/AIDS Overall Objective (2015-2020): Influencing formulation of policies and stimulate positive attitude/behaviour which will ensure protection of land rights interest of the people living with HIV/AIDS Specific Objective 1: To evaluate and document the adequacy of the existing policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerability in accessing land by 2020. This specific objective aimed at identifying and documenting the adequacy of the existing legal machineries and policies in addressing PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing and holding on land resources. The outcomes include the increased capacity to research, train and apply knowledge on land related ‘HIV/AIDS vulnerability issues’, increased awareness and advocacy campaigns, formulation or amendments of the existing legal machineries and policies. Specific Objective 2: To analyse, map and develop appropriate intervention measures on the patterns of behaviour of the people living with HIV/AIDS towards accessing, utilising and holding on land resources during the infection cycle after the programme period. The key outcomes include the increased number of staff with a capacity to analyse, map and develop appropriate interventions. Adoption of a tool to identify the pattern and intervene the cycle of behaviour of the PLWHIV/ AIDS towards land ownership and reduced cases of PLWHIV-AIDS vulnerabilities on access to land resources. 17 Table--: Results-Based Management Logical Framework: 2015– 2020 Types of Outputs Outcomes Performance Indicator Baseline Data Source Data Collection (including targets) of Outcome (if established) Strategy Specific Objective 1: To evaluate and document the adequacy of the existing policy, legal and institutional responses in addressing HIV/AIDS related vulnerability in accessing land by 2020 1. One PhD graduate 2. One Thesis prepared 3. Forty central and local governments as well as CSOs staff trained 4. One research report prepared 5. Two Articles published in a peer reviewed journal 1.1 Capacity to research, train and apply knowledge on land related ‘HIV/AIDS vulnerability issues’ increased (SRES staff members, students) Number of graduates 1.2 Increased awareness and advocacy campaign on PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing and holding on land resources. (Ministry of Health & Social Welfare, Ministry of Lands, Ministry of Community Development, Gender, Children, TACAIDS, NIMRI, Civil Societies Organisations, LGAs) 1.3 Formulation or amendments of the policies and existing legal machinery addressing PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities in accessing and holding on land (SRES Staff, Ministry of Justice & Constitutional Affairs ) trained No PhD in HIV/AIDS issues 1 PhD candidate on the final stages SRES Quarterly Report Documentary review % of people who are aware of PLWHIV/AIDS vulnerabilities Number of institutions involved in advocacy campaign None Reports, field data, development plans Literature Review, Surveys and Interviews Number of research reports and journal papers published Formulation or amendments of the existing policies Land Act, 1999; Village Land Act, 1999; Marriage Act, 1973, Land Policy, 1997. National Human Settlement Policy, 2000 The government of the United Republic of Tanzania Documentary Assumptions: Staff members are interested to participate in the program for the entire period of study. The demand for more professionals in the field of Land Administration at University and Country level. Stakeholders who are willing to participate in the research activities. Specific Objective 2: To analyse, map and develop appropriate intervention measures on the patterns of attitude of the people living with HIV/AIDS towards accessing, utilising and holding on land resources during the infection cycle after the programme period 18 Types of Outputs 1. One PhD registered and graduated 2. One Thesis Produced 3. One intervention tool is developed 4. One Journal article is prepared 5. One Research Report produced 6. One Journal Article is prepared Outcomes (including targets) 2.1. Increased number of staff with a capacity to analyse, map and develop appropriate interventions (SRES staff members) 2.2. Adoption of a tool to identify the pattern and intervene the cycle of behaviour of the PLWHIV/ AIDS towards land ownership. (PLW-HIV/AIDS, policy makers) Performance Indicator of Outcome Number of developed intervention tools. Baseline (if established) None % of the organisations which have adopted the intervention tool. None Reports, field data, development plans Literature Surveys Interviews 2.3. Reduced cases of PLWHIVAIDS vulnerabilities on access to land resources (PLWHIV-AIDS, NGO’s, LGAs, TACAIDS) Number of reported cases None Field data and reports from NGOs, LGAs and TACAIDS Documentary review and interview Assumptions: Staff members are interested to participate in the program for the entire period of study. Lack of a body of knowledge in PLWHIV-AIDS vulnerabilities related to land ownership Availability CSOs dealing with PLWHIV/AIDS and their dependants Timely release of funds 19 Data Source SRES Quarterly Report Data Collection Strategy Documentary review Reviews, and ENCLOSURE 3: RESPONSIBILITIES AND DIVISION OF LABOUR SCHOOL OF REAL ESTATE STUDIES – ARDHI UNIVERSITY Researcher Responsibilities in the Program Dr. Moses Mpogole Kusiluka Team Leader, Tanzania Foreseeing all program activities to make sure that targets, objectives and outcomes are met Supervision of MSc. and PhD students, Curriculum Program report writing Training of the key stakeholders Professor Eleuther Mwageni Team Member, Supervision of MSc. and PhD students HIV/AIDS and gender vulnerabilities Preparation of the PhD Curriculum and field work protocols Dr. Adiel Kundaseny Mushi Team Member, Sociologist and Public Health Expert Supervision of the Field work Field Research Coordination Preparation of the research protocols Dr. Susan Mlangwa Team Member- Medical Sociologist and Anthropologist with experience mainly in the public health sector Field Supervision Preparation of the MSc. Curriculum Field Supervision Ms. Jenesta Urassa Team Member, Supervision of MSc, HIV/Related Vulnerability expert Data collection techniques Training of the key stakeholders KTH Dr. Jenny Paulsson Team Leader, Sweden Supervision of MSc. and PhD students Preparation of the PhD Curriculum and field work protocols Land Resource Management expert Program report writing Dr. Eva Liedholm Johnson Team Member, Sweden Supervision of MSc. and PhD students Preparation of the PhD Curriculum and field work protocols Program report writing Professor Thomas Kalbro Team Member, Sweden Supervision of MSc. and PhD students Preparation of the PhD Curriculum Program report writing Matts Wilhemsson Team Member, Sweden Supervision of MSc. and PhD students Program report writing Ms. Annika Nilsson Team Member, Sweden Supervision of MSc. Preparation of data collection tools and analysis Program report writing 20 Further information about School of Real Estate Studies 1. Maulidi Abdallah Banyani, PhD. Land Administration. Head of Department of Real Estate Finance and Investment. Area of work: Land Administration, property investment. Role in the team: Field coordinator 2. Kerbina Moyo, MSc. Candidate to PhD (to be awarded during 2015) from KTH. Area of work: Women Access to Land under Customary Land tenure in Patrilineal Societies. Role in the team: Field Coordination and Assistant Supervisor of the PhD students and Supervisor of the MSc. students 3. Jalia Muna, MSc. Area of work: Communication Skills and Community sensitisation. Role in the team: Community sensitization and Assistant Supervisor of the MSc. students 4. Hissani Mtolera, LLB. Area of work: Legal and Policy Analysis Role in the team: Analysing implication of legal and policy machinery in accessing land by People Living with HIV/AIDS. 5. Kelvin Mwiga., MSc. in Land information systems. Area of work: Analysis of spatial data using GIS and other information systems. Role in the team: Guiding students in data analysing parametric data gathered in the research. 6. Frank Nyanda., BSc. Real Estate Finance and Investment Role in the team: Analysing real estate financing approaches and the financial institutions decisions on land resources owned by people with HIV/AIDS. 21 ENCLOSURE 4: CURRICULUM VITAE Dr. Moses Mpogole Kusiluka Born: 1972.11.11 1. Higher education 2008 - 2012, PhD in Real Estate Investment, Ardhi University, Tanzania 2004 – 2006, M.Sc. Land management (by Thesis), University of Dares Salaam 1997 - 2001, B.Sc. Land Management and Valuation, University of Dar es Salaam 2. Doctoral degree 2006 - 2012, PhD in Real Estate Investment, Ardhi University, Tanzania Dissertation Title: Institutional remedies of agency conflicts in real estate investment. Evidence from activities of selected investors in Tanzania. 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) Multi-factor cost minimisation analysis for building construction in Tanzania (Funded by SIDA/ARU, Function: Project Leader; Grant size: 12,000,000 TShs; Duration: September 2013 to September, 2014) Entry and survival strategy of Chinese firms in the African markets: evidence from Tanzania construction sector (Funded by IREBS Foundation, Germany, Function: Project Leader; Grant size: 8,000 Euros; Duration: September 2014 to June, 2015) Mortgage Literacy Programme for Tanzania (Funded by World Bank through Bank of Tanzania, Function: Principal Investigator; Grant size: 220,000 US $, Duration: September 2012 to April, 2014) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 5. Special certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) 6. Current position, period of appointment Lecturer, School of Real Estate Studies, Ardhi University, Tanzania – 2013 – to date 7. Previous employment and duration of employment Lecturer, Ardhi University, 2013 - to date Research Fellow, African Real Estate Research Centre, International Real Estate Business School (IREBS), University of Regensburg, Germany, 2010-2013 Assistant Lecturer 2006 -2013 8. Interruptions in research 22 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under your supervision (name, year of PhD thesis defence) or postdoctoral period under your main supervision 10. Pedagogic experience. List 5 most important Master/PhD training courses you have been involved in organising. Specify your role and the year(s) Teaching and organising the following M.Sc. courses: ICT Application to Land Administration, Advanced Valuation and Property Development and Finance 2006 – 2014 Masters Dissertations supervised: Wilson Paul (2013) M.Sc. Real Estate Dissertation, Ardhi University Nyanda Frank (2013) M.Sc. Real Estate Thesis, Ardhi University Malewa Pendo. (2013 M.Sc. Real Estate Dissertation, Ardhi University Ushiwa Edith (2012) M.Sc. Real Estate Dissertation, Ardhi University Wanzala Dorothy (2007) M.Sc. Real Estate Dissertation, Ardhi University 11. Other information of importance to the application Dr Mpogole has for many years been involved in land related activities ranging from research, consulting and advisory services in Tanzania and Africa at large, including editorial role in land related journals (e.g. Journal of African Real Estate Research). From time to time he has also been consulted by the government and non-governmental organisations to share his knowledge and experience in land related issues. For some years, Dr Mpogole has also been in top leadership in some influential national and international institutions dealing with land related matters. For instance, he has been President of African Real Estate Society, General Secretary of Tanzania Institution of Valuers and Estate Agents, Board Member of the International Real Estate Society, Board Member of IREBS Foundation for African Real Estate Research based at Regensburg University (Germany). 23 Dr. Jenny Paulsson University: KTH Royal Institute of Technology Telephone: +46 8 790 6661 E-mail address: jenny.paulsson@abe.kth.se 1. Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Master of Science degree (civilingenjörsexamen) in surveying, with specialisation in Real Estate Planning, KTH, 1999 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) Doctor of Philosophy (Tekn.Dr.) in Real Estate Planning, KTH, 2007, title: 3D Property Rights – An Analysis of Key Factors Based on International Experience, supervisor: Prof. Hans Mattsson, KTH 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Senior lecturer in Real Estate Planning and Land Law since April 2012, Research in accordance with time allocated within financed research projects 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) 2009 – 2012 Lecturer in Real Estate Planning and Land Law, 2007 –2009 researcher, 2002 – 2007 PhD student, 1999 – 2002 research engineer, all employments at the Department of Real Estate and Construction Management, KTH 8. Interruptions in research 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under my supervision No completed degrees, but assistant supervisor for five PhD students, KTH, of which two are sandwich PhD students, one from Ethiopia and one from Armenia 10. Pedagogic experience. Programme Director of Master programme in Real Estate Development and Financial Services Supervision of 4-5 master thesis students annually, in total 23 theses Examiner and organiser of several courses yearly, e.g.: 24 2006-2014, Markåtkomstochersättning (Compulsory Purchase and Compensation), 7.5 credits, second cycle, examiner and course supervisor, development of the course 2008-2009, Theory of Science and Research Methodology, 7.5 credits, second cycle, as well as PhD course, examiner and course supervisor, creation and development of the course 2008-2009, Compulsory Purchases, 7.5 credits, second cycle, examiner and course supervisor, creation and development of the course 2010-2013, Advanced Issues in Real Estate Development and Financial Services, 7.5 credits, second cycle, examiner and course supervisor, development of the course 2014, AI1524 Markexploatering (Land Development), 7.5 credits, first cycle, examiner and course supervisor, creation and development of the course 11. Other information of importance to the application Programme administration and development of the SIDA-financed commissioned education Master of Science programme in Land Management during 2000-2003, the Swedish Institutefinanced Doctorate Sandwich Programme in Land Management for international PhD students during 2000-2004, and the University Support Programme for the development of education programmes in land management in Eastern European countries during 2000-2005. Participation in and co-ordination of a Linnaeus Palme project in 2013-2014 with the Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction (YSUAC) in Armenia, financed by the Swedish Council for Higher Education, aimed at cooperation to build teaching and learning capacity. 25 Professor Eleuther Alphonce Mwageni University: Ardhi University Telephone: +255 222 775 446 E-mail address: mwageni@aru.ac.tz, emwageni@yahoo.co.uk 1. Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Bachelor of Arts in Education, 1985, University of Dar Es Salaam Master of Arts in Demography, 1991, University of Dar Es Salaam 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) Ph.D. (Applied Population Research), 1996, Some Determinants of Contraceptive Behaviour among Men in Tanzania, University of Exeter 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) Associate Professor, Development Studies Institute, SUA, 2006-2010 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) Member, Tanzania Public Health Association (TPHA), 1996 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Planning, Finance & Administration), Ardhi University, 11th September 2007 to date. Research in accordance with time allocated within financed research projects 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) Director, Development Studies Institute, 25th March 2004 – 11th September 2007 Acting Registrar, Sokoine University of Agriculture, 27th January 2006 – October 2006 Acting Director, Development Studies Institute, 19th December 2003 to 24th March 2004. Associate Director, Development Studies Institute, 28th February 2001 to 18th December 2003. Station Manager, Rufiji Demographic Surveillance System, Ikwiriri, Rufiji District, Tanzania, February 1999 to January 2001. 26 8. Interruptions in research 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under my supervision 10. Pedagogic experience. I was a Director of Development Studies Institute at Sokoine University of Agriculture from 25th March 2004 to 11th September 2007. I have also been involved in developing curriculum and teaching at both post and undergraduate levels. I have been appointed an external examiner to various Universities and Colleges as shown below: 11 External Examiner, Institute of Development Studies, University of Dar es Salaam, 2005 to date External Examiner, Demographic Training Unit, University of Dar es Salaam, 2006 to date External Examiner, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences (MUCHS), University of Dar es Salaam, 2002-2006. External Examiner, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), 2007 to date. External Examiner, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Development Studies Unit, University of Dar es Salam, 2007 to 2010. Other information of importance to the application I have been in involved in various demographic and HIV/AIDS projects in Tanzania. I have a long experience in teaching and administration of projects of projects and large institutions. At the moment I am a Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Planning, Finance & Administration), Ardhi University, 11th September 2007 to date 27 Professor Thomas Kalbro Year of birth 30th March 1951 Address (home) Fallvindsgatan 6, 128 32 Skarpnäck, Sweden Address (KTH) Real Estate and Construction Management/Real Estate Planning and Land Law Brinellvägen 1 Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden Tel. +46 8 790 8615 E-mail: thomas.kalbro@abe.kth.se Doctoral degree Doctor of Philosophy (Tekn. Dr.) 1988 in Real Estate Planning. Title: Fördelning av exploateringsvinst mellan fastighetsägare - en analys av fördelningssystem mot bakgrund av rättvisa och ekonomisk effektivitet. Postdoctoral work University of Aberdeen, Dept. of Land Economy, spring 1989 Qualification as research fellow/associate professor Year 1992 Current position Professor/Head of Department. Share of time spent in research approx. 50 % Previous positions KTH since 1976 Awards and special commissions Expert assigned by the Government in the following governmental inquiries: Översyn av PBL och va-lagen (SOU 1996:168). Slutbetänkande av planbyggutredningen. Högre ersättning vid mastupplåtelser (SOU 2012:61). Betänkande vinstfördelningsutredningen. Ett effektivare plangenomförande (SOU 2012:91). Betänkande I plangenomförandeutredningen. En effektivare plan- och bygglovsprocess (SOU 2013:34). Betänkande II plangenomförandeutredningen. Bostadsplaneringskommittén (pågående utredning om planeringssystem och bostadsbyggande). Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under my supervision Leif Norell, 2001 Cletus Ndjovu, 2003 28 och av från från ökat Martin Bucht, 2006 Daniel Ambaye, 2014 Belachew Yirsaw, 2014 Experience of communicating results to stake holders /end users Must be considered as large (a significant part of the research is focused on achieving results in “real life”). Examiner and responsible for courses (examples) Urban Land Development Markexploatering (Land Development) Plangenomförande (Implementation of Development Plans) Markåtkomst och ersättning (Compulsory Purchase and Compensation) Theories of regulations (doctoral course) 29 Dr. Eva Liedholm Johnson University: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Real Estate and Construction Management Telephone: +46 8 790 86 19 (work) E-mail: eva.liedholm.johnson@abe.kth.se 1. Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Master Degree Programme in Surveying (Civilingenjörsexamen), Royal Institute of Technology 1983 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) Doctor Degree of Philosophy (Teknologiedoktorsexamen), Doctoral Thesis in Real Estate Planning, Royal Institute of Technology, 2010, Mineral Rights – Legal Systems Governing Exploitation and Exploitation. Prof. Hans Mattsson 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Lecturer in Real Estate Planning and Land Law since 1996, 15 % as an average during recent two years. Programme Director for the Civil Engineering and Urban Management programme since 2011 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) (outside KTH) Head of Real Property Registration Office (Chef förfastighetsregistermyndigheten) Deputy County District Surveyor (Bitr. Överlantmätare) in the county of Stockholm, National Land Survey Cadastral Surveyor (Förrättningslantmätare) in the county of Stockholm, National Land Survey Ombudsman for the Villa Owners Association Land officer at the Municipality of Huddinge 8. Interruptions in research. 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under my supervision No completed degrees, but assistant supervisor for one sandwich PhD student. 10. Pedagogic experience Programme Director for the Civil Engineering and Urban Management programme Director of studies of programme Director of studies in specialization Supervision of more than 60 master thesis students since 1996 Examiner and responsible teacher for several courses yearly, e.g.: 1996-2009 Land Information Systems 30 2000-2011 Property Formation and Cadastral Mapping 2000-2011 Development of Property Rights 2000-2012 Land and Water Governance 2012-2014 Land Law 2012-2014 Development of land and regulations 11. Other information of importance to the application Long experience on programme development and self-evaluations in Sweden. Advisor in Tempus projects (university education project) in Slovenia. Taken part in EU-financed Tempus project in the development of courses in sustainable urban planning and development in Russia and Ukraine. Participated in Linnaeus Palme project with the Yerevan State University of Architecture and Construction in Armenia (lecture exchange). 31 Dr. Susan Mlangwa Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for Communication Program P.O. Box 105303, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tel: +255 783169299 smlangwa@jhuccptz.org/mlangwasusan@yahoo.co.uk 1. Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Bachelor of Arts in Sociology & Anthropology, 1994, University of Dar Es Salaam Master of Arts in Medical Sociology, 1998, University of Dar Es Salaam 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) Ph.D. (Sociology), June 2009: The Social Construction of Gender and Sexuality in Response to HIV/AIDS: The Case of Tanzanian Professional Couples. Advisor: Ron Aminzade. 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) African Studies Association Society for Market Research (SOMER) Population Association of America Midwest Sociological Society American Public Health Association 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Head, Research, Monitoring and Evaluation - Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication Programs Dar es Salaam, Tanzania March 2011 to date. Research in accordance with time allocated within financed research projects. Part time Lecturer – Tanzania Institute of Project management (TIPM-Ten Steps Tanzania) 2013 to date: Designing monitoring and evaluation System Adjunct Professor – St Augustine University, Graduate School, Dar es Salaam January 2012 to date: Research Methodology. 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) Community Specialist - Vision Loss resources, Minnesota, USA, Oct 2009-Oct 2010. Country Director - Research International East Africa Company Ltd. Tanzania & Uganda (now TNS), Nov 2001-Jul 2004. Senior Sociologist - Norplan Consulting Engineering Company Ltd. Uganda, Nov 1998- May 32 2000. Research Assistant - Ifakara Health Research & Development Centre, Tanzania, July 1996- Apr 1998. Research Assistant - Dar es Salaam City Council, Urban Health Project (UHP), Tanzania, Oct 1994-Jul 1996. 8. Interruptions in research 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under my supervision 10. Pedagogic experience. Adjunct professor – St Augustine University, Graduate School, Dar es Salaam January 2012 to date. Research Methodology. 11. Other information of importance to the application I have been in involved in various sociology and HIV/AIDS projects in Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, USA and other countries. I have a long experience in teaching and administration of projects and large institutions. At the moment I am a Head, Research, Monitoring and Evaluation - Johns Hopkins University Center for Communication Programs Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from March 2011 to date. 33 Ms. Jenesta Aikaeli E. Urassa University: Ardhi University, School of Real Estate Studies, Land Management and Valuation. Telephone: +255 22 2775004 (work) E-mail: jurassa@yahoo.com 1. Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Master Degree Programme in Sociology University of Dar es salaam 2003 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Assistant Lecturer in Development perspectives and Environmental Sciences since 2013. Research determined by the time plan in projects. 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) (outside ARU) Research Scientist, National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) 2004-2012. Assistant Lecturer, Hubert Kairuki Memorial University (Part Time) 2005-2007. 8. Interruptions in research. 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under my supervision 10. Pedagogic experience Examiner and responsible Assistant lecturer in three courses: 2005-2007 Health Systems Research, 2013-present, Development perspectives 1&2, Environmental studies. Supervision of more than 25 BSc. students during their Industrial training, 2014. 11. Other information of importance to the application Long (10 years) experience on health related research from districts to national level in Tanzania. The Health Services Utilization among Small Scale Entrepreneurs: A case study of Medicare Security in Dar es Salaam. Strengthening Monitoring and Evaluation capacities for quality Assurance Systems on HIV/AIDS treatment in Tanzania. Assessment of level and effectiveness of sexual Reproductive Health services in HIV/AIDS policies, National law, Operational Guidelines, and Strategic Plans. Intention and barriers to Voluntary Counseling And Testing Among Self-Perceived Healthy Adults In High And Low HIV/AIDS Prevalence Settings Of Tanzania. 34 Universal Access to broad HIV services for Men having Sex with Men in Tanzania: What are the priorities to improve the HIV prevention, treatment, Care and Support? Attended various training workshops on health related issues in Tanzania: Good Clinical Practice (GCP) in developing settings: the promotion of international harmonization for the respect of ethical principles, human rights and justice Research Communication Behavioral Surveillance for High Risk Populations for HIV infection. Won grant for two projects in Tanzania NIMR-Global Fund round 8-HIV Grant Initiative on the study titled: Intention and barriers to Voluntary Counseling and Testing among Self-Perceived Healthy Adults in High And Low HIV/AIDS Prevalence Settings of Tanzania (Co-investigator)-2011. NIMR-Global Fund round 8-HIV Grant Initiative on the study titled: Universal Access to broad HIV services for Men having Sex with Men in Tanzania: What are the priorities to improve the HIV prevention, treatment, Care and Support? (Co-investigator)-2013. 35 Professor Mats Wilhelmsson Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) +46 8 790 92 25 mats.wilhelmsson@abe.kth.se 1. Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Doctor of technology, 2000, KTH, Real Estate Economics. Licentiate of Technology, 1998, KTH, Real Estate Economics Bachelor degree, 1993, Stockholm university, Economics 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) 2000, Real Estate Economics, Traffic Noise and property values, Professor Roland Andersson. 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 2007, Visiting scholar at University of California, Berkeley 2007-2008, guest researcher, Uppsala University 2011-2014, guest professor, Uppsala University 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 2008 professor of applied financial economics (KTH) 2003 associate professor (KTH) 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Professor, KTH, 2008-, 80 % research 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) 2013–present Director of Center for Banking and Finance 2009-2010 Director of Center for Banking and Finance 2008-present Professor of Applied Financial Economics 2003-2007 Deputy dean (proprefekt), department of 2003 - 2007 Head of Division, Real Estate Economics, KTH 2003 - 2008 Associate Professor, Real Estate Economics, KTH 2000-2003 Assistant Professor, Real Estate Economics, KTH 8. Interruptions in research. Indicate if active research time has been interrupted to the extent that it affected the opportunity to acquire qualifications, e.g. by parental leave, illness, clinical internship/residency, positions of trust in trade union organisations and student organisations, or other similar reasons. Specify the reason(s) and give the time and dates of the interruption 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under your supervision (name, year of PhD thesis defence) or postdoctoral period under your main supervision. Kerstin Annadotter (KTH) Samuel Azasu (KTH) JakobWinstrand (Uppsala Uinversity) 36 10. Pedagogic experience. List 5 most important Master/PhD training courses you have been involved in organising. Specify your role and the year(s). I have been a teacher at KTH since 1988. Over the years I have designed a number of different courses in applied economics. As the head of the division (2003-2007) I was responsible for our master program. 11. Other information of importance to the application (2007-2010) - External examiner Ardhi University, Tanzania 37 Annika Nilsson, University: Royal Institute of Technology Mailadress: annika.nilsson@abe.kth.se 1. - Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Bachelor in Economics of Science in Business (Civilekonom),1992, Stockholm University Master in economic history, 1998, Stockholm University: Includes a Minor Field Study (MFS) in Nicaragua, financed by Sida Bachelor in Spanish, 2004, Uppsala University 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) Ph.D. defense March, 2015. Housing Finance Systems and Land upgrading, the case of Kampala. Supervisors: Professor Kent Eriksson (Cefin, KTH), Professor Hans Mattsson (Land Law, KTH) 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Ph.D. student on full time since 2010 at Centre for Banking and Finance, KTH 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) Member of the board of Architects without frontiers, 2010-2013 Consultancy work: Conducted a Study on Housing Finance Initiatives in Developing Countries, 2008, UN-Habitat, Project leader, 2004- 2005, Intermón Oxfam (IO), Barcelona, Spain Consultant, 2004, Scandiaconsult Natura AB, Stockholm, Sweden Program Officer, 2003 Sida, Urban division, Stockholm, Sweden Bilateral Associate Expert, 1999- 2002, National Chamber of Industries (CNI), La Paz, Bolivia. Contracted by ScandiaconsultNatura AB through Sida 8. Interruptions in research 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under your supervision (name, year of PhD thesis defence) or postdoctoral period under your main supervision. 10. Pedagogic experience. List 5 most important Master/PhD training courses you have been involved in organising. Specify your role and the year(s). 11. Other information of importance to the application When Annika finishes her Ph.D. she will apply for a post doc (from Sarecvetenskapsrådet) on mortgages for residential housing in eastern Africa. 38 Conferences where I have presented papers during my time as Ph.D. student: - The Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty, Washington DC, 2012 &2013 - Africa Real Estate Society (AFRES) Conference Windhoek, Namibia, 2011 Grants received during my time as a PhD. student: - Nordic African Institute (NAI) to be guest researcher at NAI in Uppsala, Sweden, 2011 - Two grants received from Helge Ax:son Johnsons stiftelse, 2010 and 2012, for carrying out fieldworks in Uganda - A grant from StockholmsByggnadsföreningfor being guest researcher during total six months at INSEEC in Paris, INSEEC in London, and at Victoria University in Kampala, Uganda. 39 Dr. Adiel Kundaseny Mushi National Institute for Medical Research 2448 Barack Obama Drive, P.O.Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania E-mail adiel.mushi@gmail.com TEL: Mobile +255-0754-381 145 +255-2222-121 400 [Office] 1. Higher education degree(s) (year, subject area) Bachelor of Arts (B.A Hons) Main areas covered: Advanced Social Science Research Methods, Social Psychology and Counselling, Medical Sociology and Anthropology, Society, Family, Health and Culture and Gender Relations. 1991–1994 University of Dar es Salaam. Masters of Arts: Major areas covered: Medical Anthropology and Sociology, Social Security & Policy, Schemes. The University of Dar es salaam, 1996-1998. 2. Doctoral degree (year, discipline/subject area, dissertation title, and supervisor) PhD. (Sociology) - (2008): Thesis Topic: Reaching the Poorest Children in Rural Southern Tanzania: Socio-Cultural Perspectives for Delivery and Uptake of Preventive Child Health Interventions. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine 3. Postdoctoral work (year and placement) 4. Qualifications as research/fellow/associate professor (year) 5. Specialist certification or equivalent (year, discipline/subject area) Member, Tanzania Public Health Association, 1999 Executive Secretary, Tanzania National Health Research (TANHER Forum) 6. Current position, period of appointment, share of time spent in research Principal Researcher I; National Institute for Medical Research, Tanzania (2000) 7. Previous positions and periods of appointment (specify type of position) Research Scientist, Ifakara Health Institute, 1995-2000. 8. Interruptions in research 9. Individuals who have completed their doctoral degree under my supervision 10. Pedagogic experience. May-June 2009: Visiting fellow at Centre for African Studies, the University of Edinburgh, UK Visiting Lecturer: MPH Program Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania, 2000 to-date Part Time Lecturer: Tanzania Institute for Project Management, Dar es Salaam, 2004 to date 40 Qualitative Research Trainer: Primary Health Institute –Iringa, 2009 to date 12 Other information of importance to the application I have over twenty years of field research & Publications in Tanzania, working in multidisciplinary teams on health system and Anthropological studies on lay perceptions and health seeking practices relating to malaria, preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy and infants in rural southern Tanzania. I have worked both in groups and independently, in designing studies, choosing study sites, coordinating data collection, analysis and report writing, including scientific paper writing. Recently, I have been involved as a Project Leader in three completed projects funded by Global Fund round 8, on HIV/AIDS studies among secondary school students, HIV/AIDS in elderly populations, occupational exposure to HIV/AIDS, and condom use among youths. 41 ENCLOSURE 5: LIST OF PUBLICATIONS Dr. Moses Mpogole Peer Reviewed *Moses Kusiluka Mpogole et al, (2011) The Negative Impact of Land Acquisition on the Indigenous Communities’ Livelihood and Environment in Tanzania. Habitat International, Vol. 32 No.1, pp. 66-73. *Moses Mpogole and Lucian Charles 2009 Forecasting Models for Predicting Commercial Rental Values for Dar es Salaam City. Journal of Building and Land Development. Vol.15, No. 1 & 2, pp. 15 – 24. Moses Kusiluka Mpogole 2013 Dealing with asymmetric information in infant real estate investment markets. Evidence from Tanzania. Journal of African Real Estate Research (accepted) *Mpogole, Kusiluka Moses and Schulte Karl-Werner (2013). Emergence of Shopping Centres Development in Tanzania. Bilifinger Real Estate Journal 1/2013 (in German language) *Moses Kusiluka Mpogole and Sophia Kongela (2009). The impact of peripheral urban land acquisition on indigenous communities’ livelihood and environment around Uluguru Mountains, Morogoro, Tanzania. London, Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) Publications. Books *Moses Kusiluka Mpogole 2012 Agency Conflicts in Real Estate Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Exploration of Selected Investors in Tanzania and the Effectiveness of Institutional Remedies: Immobillien Manager Verlag, Kologne. Moses Kusiluka Mpogole, Karl-Werner Schulte, Francois Viruly 2013). African Property Market Reader (book project in progress) 42 Dr. Jenny Paulsson Peer-reviewed articles * Kalbro, T. & Paulsson, J. (forthcoming 2014) Development of Swedish Legislation regulating Compensation for Compulsory Acquisition – A Law and Economics Perspective.European Property Law Journal. * Liedholm Johnson, E., Paulsson, J. & Paasch, J. M. (forthcoming 2014) Classification and coordination of conflicting rights for sustainable land use.Nordic Journal of Surveying and Real Estate Research. * Paasch, J. M. & Paulsson, J. (forthcoming 2015) Classification of Land Use: Further Development of the ISO standard for Land Administration, ISO 19152. Homo Oeconomicus. Paasch, J. M., van Oosterom, P., Lemmen, C. & Paulsson, J. (forthcoming 2015) Further modelling of LADM’s Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities (RRR). Land Use Policy. * Liedholm Johnson, E., Paulsson, J. & Paasch, J. M. (forthcoming 2015) Comparative Studies on Land Use Rights – Methodological and Standardization Aspects. Journal of Comparative Law.No. 1, 2015. Kalbro, T., Lindgren, E. & Paulsson, J. (forthcoming 2015) Urban Development Plans and Permits. Inefficiencies in the Swedish Legal System. In R. Dixon-Gough, E. Hepperle, R. Mansberger, J. Paulsson, F. Reuter & M. Yilmaz (Eds.) (forthcoming 2015) Challenges for Governance Structures in Urban and Regional Development.vdfHochschulverlag, Zürich. Paulsson, J. (2013) Reasons for Introducing 3D Property in a Legal System –Illustrated by the Swedish Case. Land Use Policy 33 (2013), pp. 195-203. Paulsson, J & Paasch, J. (2013) 3D Property Research from a Legal Perspective.Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. Vol. 40, July 2013, pp. 7-13. Paasch, J. M. & Paulsson, J. (2011) Terminological Aspects Concerning Three-dimensional Real Property.In Nordic Journal of Surveying and Real Estate Research. Vol. 8, no. 1, 2011, pp. 8197. Books * Paulsson, J. (2007) 3D Property Rights - An Analysis of Key Factors Based on International Experience. PhD thesis. Report 4:99 from the Section of Real Estate Planning and Land Law, KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Stockholm. (351 pages) 43 Professor Eleuther Mwageni Peer Reviewed A; Masanja, H.; Adazu, U.; Sacarlal, J.; Alam, N.; Marra, A.; Gbangou, A.; Mwageni, E. & Binka, F (2006) Cause-specific mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa and Bangladesh, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 84(3):181-188. *Kayunze, K.; Mwageni, E.A & Ashimogo, G (2007) Entitlement to food and food insecurity in Rufiji District, Tanzania, Tanzania Journal of Development Studies, 7(2): 29-47 *Kirway, J.N & Mwageni, E.A. (2008) Risk factors associated with HIV and AIDS among itinerant women entrepreneurs, UONGOZI Journal of Management Development, 19(2): Sikira, A.N.; Mwageni, E.A.; Kayunze, K.M. (2009) Gender based violence in Tanzania: Evidence from Serengeti District, African Affairs, 26: 3-32 Jeckoniah, J. N.; Mwageni, E.A. & Kayunze, K.A. (2009), When Knowledge is not enough: Sexual Behaviour among University Students in Tanzania. African Affairs, 25:59-82 Msaki, M.M.; Mwageni, E.A;& Reginald, I. (2010) Inequity and Poverty in the Maasai Communities, Rural Planning Journal, 12(2):148-165 *Sikira, A.N., Mwageni, E.A. & Kagosi, P.J. (2010). Exploring the link between socio-economic status and gender based violence: Lessons from Serengeti District, Tanzania; Rural Planning Journal 12 (1): 195 - 225 *Sikira A.N & Mwageni E.A (2010). Women empowerment and gender based violence: A decision making perspective in Serengeti District, Tanzania, Local Government Development Journal 1 (2). 115 – 133 Kayunze, K.A & Mwageni, E.A (2013). Illness and food security in Rufiji District, Tanzania, Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare Vol 3 (4): 54-61. *Mwageni, E.A & Kayunze, K.A (2007) The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Food Security and Income in Sub-Sahara Africa pp.19-34, In Proceedings of the First Annual PANTIL Research Workshop, Held in Morogoro, 25th – 27th September, 2006 44 Professor Thomas Kalbro Peer-reviewed articles in international journals Kalbro, T. & Lind, H. 2007. Compulsory Purchase – Reasonable and Fair Compensation. An Experimental Study. Nordic Journal of Surveying and Real Estate Research, Volume 4, number 1, 2007. *Kalbro, T. 2007. Compensation Rights in Property Values due to Planning Decisions in Sweden. Washington University Global Studies Law Review, Volume 6, Number 1, 2007. Kalbro, T. 2007. Private Compulsory Acquisition and the Public Interest Requirement. Paper to the FIG (International Federation of Surveyors) Helsinki Seminar on Compulsory Purchase, 6-8 September 2007. The paper is published in the FIG-series “Article of the Month” in September 2007 (www.fig.net/pub/monthly_articles). Kalbro, T. & Paulsson, J. (forthcoming 2014) Development of Swedish Legislation regulating Compensation for Compulsory Acquisition – A Law and Economics Perspective. European Property Law Journal. Peer-reviewed book chapters Ekbäck, P. & Kalbro, T. 2008. The Coase Theorem and Public Decision-Making. Exemplified with the Swedish Joint Facilities Act. In Land Development Strategies: Patterns, Risk and Responsibilities, eds. E. Hepperle, & H. Lenk. European Faculty of Land Use and Development. Hochshulverlag AG an der ETH, Zürich. *Kalbro, T. 2010. Sweden. In “Takings International. A Comparative Perspective on Land Use Regulations and Compensation Rights” (ed. R. Alterman). American Bar Association, Chicago. Ekbäck, P. & Kalbro, T. 2010. Expropriation and Prejudicial Effects of Time-Consuming Planning Processes. The Sporrong-Lönnroth Case Revisited. In Core-Themes of Land Use Politics. Sustainability and Balance of Interests, eds. E. Hepperle, R.W Dixon-Gough, T. Kalbro, R. Mansberger & K. Meyer-Cech. European Faculty of Land Use and Development. Hochshulverlag AG an der ETH, Zürich. Books *Kalbro, T & Lindgren, E. 2010. Markexploatering; juridik, ekonomi, teknik och organisation. Norstedts Juridik (fjärde reviderade upplagan). Stockholm. *Sjödin, E., Ekbäck, P., Kalbro, T. & Norell, L. 2011. Markåtkomst och ersättning (tredje reviderade upplagan). Norstedts Juridik. Stockholm. *Cars, G., Kalbro, T. & Lind, H. 2013. Nya regler för ökat bostadsbyggande och bättre infrastruktur. SNS förlag, Stockholm. 45 Dr. Eva Liedholm Johnson Peer-reviewed articles Liedholm Johnson, E. Ericsson, M., (under review) State Ownership and Control of Minerals and Mines in Sweden and Finland. Mineral Economics. Springer. Liedholm Johnson, E., Paulsson, J. & Paasch, J. M. (forthcoming 2014) Classification and coordination of conflicting rights for sustainable land use.Nordic Journal of Surveying and Real Estate Research. *Liedholm Johnson, E., Paulsson, J. & Paasch, J. M. (forthcoming 2015) Comparative Studies on Land Use Rights – Methodological and Standardization Aspects. Journal of Comparative Law.No. 1, 2015. *Liedholm Johnson, E. (2005) Interface between Mineral and Environmental Legislation: The Example of Sweden as an Historic Mining Country in the European Union. In Bastida, E., Wälde, T. and Warden_Fernández, J. (eds.) International and Comparative Mineral Law and Policy, pp. 1067-1080 Kluwer Law International. The Netherlands. *Liedholm Johnson, E. (2001) Rights to Minerals in Sweden: Current Situation from a Historical Perspective. Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law. Volume 19 no. 3, August 2001. Books *Liedholm Johnson, E. (2010) Mineral Rights – Legal Systems Governing Exploration and Exploitation. PhD thesis. Report 4:112 from the Section of Real Estate Planning and Land Law, KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Stockholm. (284 pages) 46 Professor Mats Wilhelmsson Peer Reviewed Enström-Öst, Cecilia, Söderberg, Bo and Wilhelmsson, Mats (2014). Household allocation and spatial distribution in a market under (“soft”) rent control. Journal of Policy ModelingVol.36(2), 353-372. . *Eriksson, Lars-Erik, Song, Han-Suck and Wilhelmsson, Mats. (2013) Regional House Price Index Construction – The Case of Sweden. International Journal of Strategic Property Management. *Andersson, Roland and Wilhelmsson, Mats (2012). Universities, Knowledge Transfer and Regional Development: Geography, Entrepreneurship and Policy. Book review. Papers in Regional Science. Liang, Jiang and Wilhelmsson, Mats (2011). The Value of Retail Rents with Regression Models - A Case Study of Shanghai. Journal of Property Investment and Finance, Vol. 29(6). *Mandell, Svante and Wilhelmsson, Mats (2011). Willingness to pay for sustainable housing. Journal of Housing Research,Vol.20(1), 35-53. Wigren, Rune and Wilhelmsson, Mats (2011). The Robustness of the Causal and Economic Relationship between Construction Flows and Economic Growth: Evidence from Western Europe. Applied Economics.Vol.43(7), 891-900 Wilhelmsson, Mats (2009). Construction and Publication of Property Price Index Series: The Case of the Segmented Market of Stockholm. Property Management.Vol.27(2), 119-137. Wilhelmsson, Mats (2009). The Spatial Distribution of Innovation Network.Annals of Regional Science. Vol.43, 645-668. *Andersson, Roland and Wilhelmsson, Mats (2008). The Regional Differences in the Risk-ofForeclosures Explained: Evidence from Homeownership in Swedish Single Family Housing. Journal of Property Research. Vol.25(3), 179-202. *Wilhelmsson, Mats (2008). Evidence of Buyer Bargaining Power in the Stockholm Residential Real Estate Market. Journal of Real Estate Research, Vol.30 (4). 47 Annika Nilsson Annika is writing a monograph thesis, so publications come after dissertation Peer Reviewed *B. Berggren, A. Nilsson, E. Liljefrost, ``Risk Management Strategies in Housing Finance: Three case studies of creating sustainable housing finance models for low-income households in developing countries'', International Journal of Business Research, Jun. 2009. *A. Nilsson, ``Overview of financial systems for housing and slum upgrading'', Housing Finance International, The Quarterly Journal of the International Union for Housing Finance, Dec. 2008. *A. Nilsson, ``De Sotosteorierräckerinte" (De Sotos theories are not sufficient), debate article published in Sida's monthly journal Omvärlden, No 8, Nov. 2005. A. Nilsson and K. Flodman Becker, ``The Informal Economy - Fact Finding Study'', SIDA, Mar. 2004. *. Nilsson, ``Så gick det for skoputsarpojken Vladimir i Bolivia'' (How it worked out for the shoe polishing boy Vladimir in Bolivia), Norrländska Socialdemokraten (NSD), 2005-01-11. A. Nilsson, ``Vladimir Skoputsare med framtidsvisioner'' (Vladimir shoe polishing boy with future visions), published in NSD, 2002-05-11. A. Nilsson and L. Pardo, ``Escenarios y DesafiosEconomicos'', La Nueva Economia, Nr 425, 2002, Bolivia. A. Nilsson and L. Pardo, ``La Obsesionpor la Competitividad, La Nueva Economia Nr 439,} 2002, Bolivia. *A. Nilsson, ``Economic, Environmental and Social Impacts from Shrimp Farming and Coffee Cultivation in Nicaragua'', Lund Papers in Economic History, No. 65, 1998. 48 Dr. Susan Mlangwa Peer Reviewed *Kaufman, Michelle , Mooney, Alyssa Modarres, Najmeh, Mlangwa, Susan, McCartneyMelstad, Anna & Mushi, Adiel (2013) “They Just Whisper in Their Hearts That He's Doing a Bad Thing”: A Qualitative Study of Tanzanian Perceptions of Cross-Generational Sex. In Journal of Sex Research. *Kamala, B., Mlangwa, S., David, G., Orkis, J., Ng’wanansabi, D., Karam, R., Kaufman, M., & Serlemitsos, E. (2012, November). Reach and recall of the “Tuko wangapi? Tulizana!” Concurrent sexual partnerships network campaign in Tanzania. Paper published in the Proceeding of the 29th Annual Scientific Conference of the Tanzania Public Health Association, Tanga, Tanzania. *Eeuwijk, Brigit Obrist and Mlangwa, Susan. 1997. Competing Ideologies: Adolescence, Knowledge and Silences in Dar es Salaam. In Power, Reproduction and Gender: The Intergenerational Transfer of Knowledge, edited by Wendy Harcourt. London: Zed Books Ltd. 35-57. Mlangwa, S. 2009. Developing a framework for an integrated service offer of face to face and web based services for the blind, concept testing stage. A qualitative research report: Vision Loss Resources, Minnesota, USA. Mlangwa, S. 2001. An independent assessment of the World Commission on Dams: Ugandan Case Study. *Ogaram, D. and Mlangwa, S. 1999. Health Impact Assessment. Karuma Falls Hydroelectric Power. Uganda. BOOK *Mlangwa, Susan. 2012. The Social Construction of Gender in Response to HIV/AIDS: Tanzanian Professional Couples. Saarbrücken: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing AG & Co. KG. 49 Dr. Adiel Kundaseny Mushi Peer Reviewed *Mashoto K, Mubyazi G, Mushi AK. Knowledge of occupational exposure to HIV: A cross sectional study of healthcare workers in Tumbi and Dodoma hospitals, Tanzania.BMC Health Serv Res. 2015 Jan 22;15(1):29. [Epub ahead of print] *Nyigo, V., Kilale, A., Kilima, S., Shayo, E. H., Senkoro, K. P., Mshana, J. Mushi A.K, Massaga, J. (2014). Magnitude of HIV infection among older people in Mufindi and Babati districts of the Tanzania mainland. HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.), 6, 75–79. doi:10.2147/HIV.S54610 *Mushi AK, Massawe IS, Vestergaard LS, Lemnge M, Staedke SG, Mehta U, Barnes KI, Chandler CI (2013). How experiences become data: the process of eliciting adverse event, medical history and concomitant medication reports in antimalarial and antiretroviral interaction trials. Allen EN,. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2013 Nov 14;13(1):140 *Kaufman M, Mooney A, Modarres N, Mlangwa S, McCartney-Melstad A, Mushi A. "They Just Whisper in Their Hearts That He's Doing a Bad Thing": A Qualitative Study of Tanzanian Perceptions of Cross-Generational Sex.J Sex Res. 2013 Jul 5. *Exavery, A.,Mubyazi G, Rugemalila J, Mushi AK, et al., Acceptability of condom promotion and distribution among 10-19 year-old adolescents in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural districts, Tanzania. BMC Public Health, 2012. 12: p. 569. Schellenberg JR, Maokola W, Shirima K, Manzi F, Mrisho M, Mushi A, Alonso P, Mshinda H, Tanner M, Schellenberg DM.Cluster-randomized study of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants (IPTi) in southern Tanzania: evaluation of impact on survival. Malar J. 2011 Dec 30; 10:387. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-387. Armstrong Schellenberg JR, Shirima K, Maokola W, Manzi F, Mrisho M, Mushi A, Mshinda H, Alonso P, Tanner M, Schellenberg DM.Community effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for infants (IPTi) in rural southern Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 May; 82(5):772-81. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0207. Mrisho M, Obrist B, Schellenberg J, Haws R, Mushi, A, Mshinda H, et al. The use of antenatal and postnatal care: perspectives and experiences of women and health care providers in rural southern Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2009;9(1):10. Mushi, AK, Schellenberg J, Mrisho M, Manzi F, Mbuya C, Mponda H, Mshinda H, Tanner M, Alonso P, Pool R et al: Development of behaviour change communication strategy for a vaccination-linked malaria control tool in southern Tanzania. Malar J 2008, 7:191. 50 Ms. Jenesta Aikaeli E. Urassa Peer Reviewed *Equity in access to health care provision under the Medicare Security for Small Scale Entrepreneurs in Dar es Salaam (Urassa JAE). East African Journal of Public Health Volume 9 Number 1 March 2012. *Integrating reproductive and child health and HIV services in Tanzania: Implication to policy, systems and services’Prince P. Mutalemwa, William N. Kisinza, Jenesta A. Urassa, Stafford N. Kibona, Upendo Mwingira, Christina Lasway, Stella P. Kilima,Filemon Tenu, Stella Mujaya, William J. Kisoka. Tanzanian Journal of Health Research Vol. 15 No 2 2013. (Review paper): Financing Health Care Services among individuals with Different Levels of Income in Tanzania: Implications for the Post 2015 51 ENCLOSURE 6: BUDGET OVERALL BUDGET Date: April 2015 Sub Program: Programme: Access to Land Resources Vulnerabilty and HIV/AIDS in Tanzania Period: 2015/16 -2019/20 Tanzanian Institution/Dept: School of Real Estate Studies, Ardhi University Collaborating Institution/s in Sweden: Division of Building and Real Estate Economics, KTH OBS! All major budget items should be the same for all. Tanzania 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK 0 0 0 0 Curriculum development 0 0 38,000 20,000 0 0 0 58,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,600 21,600 21,600 21,600 11,600 78,000 Travel 20,000 40,000 80,000 40,000 60,160 240,160 Field/Lab work 49,700 14,960 93,700 26,400 22,000 206,760 Student's fees 0 60,000 60,000 54,000 72,000 246,000 Student's stipend 0 0 0 0 0 0 Conferences 0 0 142,800 142,800 0 285,600 Publication costs 0 6,400 6,400 6,400 56,000 75,200 Travel insurance 0 1,600 5,600 4,800 0 12,000 Audit 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other costs 0 0 14,400 64,000 14,400 92,800 Indirect costs 0 0 0 0 0 0 109,300 164,560 424,500 360,000 236,160 1,294,520 Research equipment Maintenance Research consumables SUB TOTAL 2015/16 Sweden Supervision Curriculum development Lecturing on courses Other costs Indirect costs SUB TOTAL SEK 2016/1 7 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK 0 500,00 0 500,000 500,000 225,000 1,725,000 40,000 0 0 0 0 40,000 0 0 0 0 40,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40,000 0 0 80,000 0 40,000 540,00 0 500,000 500,000 265,000 1,845,000 52 ISP - student allowances 2015/16 2016/1 7 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK 0 SUB TOTAL 64,000 80,000 96,000 0 240,000 2015/16 2016/1 7 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK 768,56 0 1,004,500 GRAND TOTAL 149,300 956,000 3,379,500 501,160 DETAILED BUDGET Date: April 2015 Sub program: Research Training in Access to Land Resources Vulnerability and HIV/AIDS in Tanzania Component 2: PhD-training (Double degree) Period: 2015/16 to 2019/20 Tanzanian Institution/Dept: School of Real Estate Studies, Ardhi University Collaborating Institution in Sweden: Division of Building and Real Estate Economics, KTH OBS! Major budget items should be the same for all. The budget details may differ. Tanzania 1. 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK Curriculum development Sub Total: Curriculum Development 2. 3. 4. Research equipment 1. Laptops 0 20,000 0 0 Sub Total: Research Equipment 0 20,000 0 0 Maintenance Sub Total: Maintenance 0 0 0 0 - 20,000 20,000 - 0 Research Consumables 1. Books and Stationery Sub Total: Research Consumables 5. - 0 20,000 20,000 20,000 10,000 70,000 0 20,000 20,000 20,000 10,000 70,000 0 40,000 40,000 40,000 0 0 Travel 1.Return Ticket to Sweden Student 3. External ExaminerTicket 4. External Examinerliving costs - 0 120,000 40,000 40,000 0 0 0 0 20,160 20,160 53 Sub Total: Travel 0 40,000 40,000 40,000 180,160 60,160 6. 7. 8. Field/Lab work 1. Pilot study (transport & subsistence) 0 14,960 0 0 - 14,960 2. Major field work 0 0 44,000 26,400 - 70,400 3. Thesis writing retreat Sub Total: Field/Lab Work 0 0 0 0 22,000 22,000 0 14,960 44,000 26,400 22,000 107,360 Student allowances/ISP Sub Total: Student Allowances 0 64,000 64,000 96,000 - 224,000 0 64,000 64,000 96,000 - 224,000 Student fees x 0 60,000 60,000 54,000 72,000 246,000 Sub Total: Students Fees 0 60,000 60,000 54,000 72,000 246,000 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 1. Travel (students) 0 0 40,000 40,000 - 80,000 2. Travel (supervisor ) 0 0 40,000 40,000 - 80,000 2. Subsistence allowance (5 days)-Supervisor 0 0 33,600 33,600 - 67,200 3. Subsistence allowance (5 days)-Student 0 0 29,200 29,200 - 58,400 Sub Total: Conferences 0 0 142,800 142,800 - 285,600 1. Publication 0 6,400 6,400 6,400 - 19,200 2.Thesis printing 0 0 0 0 16,000 16,000 3. PhD Thesis publication Sub Total: Publication Costs 0 0 0 0 40,000 40,000 0 6,400 6,400 6,400 56,000 75,200 0 1,600 4,800 4,800 Student stipend x Sub Total: Students Stipend Conferences 9. Publication costs 10. Travel insurance 1. Student travel to Sweden 54 - 11,200 Sub Total: Travel insurance 0 1,600 4,800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,800 - 11,200 - 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 0 11. Other costs Sub Total: Other Costs 12. Audit Sub Total:Audit 13. Indirect costs Indirect costs (office space, communication, utilities) Sub Total: Indirect Cost - SUB TOTAL 0 - 226,960 382,000 - - - 390,400 220,160 1,219,520 Date: April 2015 Sub program: Reserach training in Access to Land Resources Vulnerability and HIV/AIDS in Tanzania Component 3: Major Competitive Research Period: 2015/16 to 2019/20 Tanzanian Institution/Dept: School of Real Estate Studies Collaborating Institution in Sweden: Division of Building and Real Estate Economics, KTH OBS! Major budget items should be the same for all. The budget details may differ. Tanzania 1. 3. 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK Research equipment 30,000 0 0 0 - 30,000 8,000 0 0 0 - 8,000 38,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 38,000 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 Materials and stationery 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 8,000 Sub Total: Research Consumables 1,600 1,600 1,600 1,600 8,000 1. Laptops 2. Tape recorders and transcribers Sub Total: Research Equipment 2. 2015/16 Maintenance Sub Total: Maintenance Research Consumables 55 1,600 4. Travel 1. Transport 20,000 20,000 20,000 40,000 0 - 20,000 0 0 0 0 - 37,700 12,000 49,700 0 0 0 0 0 37,700 12,000 49,700 16,000 0 0 0 0 - 75,400 24,000 99,400 16,000 0 0 0 0 16,000 0 0 0 - 16,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 800 0 0 - 0 800 0 0 800 0 - 800 0 0 0 0 0 0 32,000 32,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 14,400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14,400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 109,300 1,600 122,500 65,600 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK 2. Return ticket student Sub Total: Travel 5. Fieldwork 1. Researchers Field Allowances 2. Research Assistants Sub Total: Fieldwork 6. 7. 8. 9. Student allowances/ISP Sub Total: Student's allowances Student fees x Sub Total: Student's Fees Student stipends Sub Total: Students Stipend Travel insurance Sub Total: Travel insurance 40,000 20,000 60,000 - 10 Other Costs 1. Retreat for final research report preparation 2. Symposium 3. Swedish Partners travel to TZ for research ( Budget for Swedish partners below) 3. Training Workshop and Seminars on Valuation Sub Total: Other Costs 11 Audit Sub Total: Audit 12 Indirect costs Sub Total: Indirect Costs SUB TOTAL Sweden 1. - 32,000 32,000 0 0 14,400 28,800 64,000 14,400 0 0 0 - 92,800 0 0 0 - 0 16,000 315,000 Supervision x 250 000 1. Supervision in Sweden 0 350,000 350,000 350,000 1,225,000 175,000 56 2. Supervisor's visit to Tanzania 0 50,000 50,000 50,000 3. Student cost while in Sweden Sub Total: Supervision 0 100,000 100,000 100,000 0 500,000 500,000 500,000 200,000 50,000 - 300,000 1,725,000 225,000 2. 3. 4. Curriculum development 1. Input in drafting curricullum- BRE staff travel espneses to Tanzania 40,000 0 Lecturing on courses 0 0 - 40,000 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 Other costs 1. Supervisor travel expenses to Tanzania for PhD supervision 2. KTH staff visit to Tanzania for Research, workshop and seminar Sub Total: Other Costs 0 TOTAL GRAND TOTAL 0 0 40,000 - 40,000 80,000 40,000 80,000 - 40,000 Indirect costs SUB TOTAL - - 5. - 0 0 0 0 - 0 40,000 40,000 0 0 40,000 120,000 40,000 540,000 500,000 500,000 265,000 1,845,000 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 Total SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK SEK 149,300 768,560 1,004,500 501,160 3,379,500 57 956,000 ENCLOSURE 7: Partnership Agreements (MoU) between the Parties 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 Enclosure 8: Report of programmes which have received previous funding from Sida for Collaboration with Ardhi University Refer to the overall (University) programme proposal 67 RESPONSE TO COMMENTS FROM THE SWEDISH EMBASSY PhD 2201 2 MSc Postdoc 0 0 Requested Funds Recomm. Funds Remarks Budget justification 3,440,000 3,440,000 Allowances of PhD students – number of students and approximate number of months should be specified. Subtotal for Tz does not agree with Final Overall Programme Proposal p. 16 (should be 1,435,800, not 1,355,720). The students will stay in Sweden for 2,2 and 3 months for the second, third and fourth year of the programme – reflected in the budget The budget has been recalculated to a total of SEK 3,379,500 The sub-total for TZ is recalculated at SEK 1,294,520 page 52, which is incorporated in the Overall programme Proposal 68