Implementation of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Steganography on Audio Data
Abstract
Image steganography has widely developed. There are also many algorithm developed for it.
Meanwhile, the interest in using audio data as cover object in steganography can be spelled out
late emergence than image data. This paper discusses the implementation of steganography in
audio data using Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum method. Spread Spectrum method is often
used to send hidden message through radio waves. This message is transmitted through noiselike wave. The same method can be applied to embed message in audio data. The embedded
audio data will be heard as noise. The Spred Spectrum method used in this paper is Direct
Sequence Spread Spectrum. A key is needed to embed messages into noise, this key is used to
generate pseudo-noise wave. The information to be embedded must first modulated using the
pseudo-noise. This paper discusses implementation of the method in audio data to hide text
message. Spread Spectrum method is known to be very robust, but as a consequence the cost is
very large, the implementation is relatively complex, and the information capacity is very
limited. This problem will also be discussed in this paper.
Keywords— Audio Steganography, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, Fourier Transform.
INTRODUCTION
Steganography is the art or study of hiding information by inserting secret messages in other
messages. Medium where information is inserted can be anything. This medium is called the
cover object. Steganography that is applied to hide information on the cover of digital objects is
called Digital Steganography. Cover objects that are used in digital steganography can vary, for
example in the image archive. A Steganography algorithm in the image archive has been widely
developed. Meanwhile, steganography algorithms in audio archive are relatively few. This paper
discusses the application of digital steganography on audio archives using the method of Directsequence Spread Spectrum. The author also found relating book and paper that describe the
theory about audio steganography using spread spectrum. References [4] describe various
theories about spread spectrum watermarking. Reference [5], [6], and [7] also describes some
implementation of spread spectrum schemes. Reference [5] and [6] use spread spectrum for
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image steganography, but the idea is still applicable for audio steganography. Meanwhile [7] use
spread spectrum for audio steganograph
Overview
The objective of steganography is to hide a secret message within a cover-media in such
a way that others cannot discern the presence of the hidden message. Technically in simple
words “steganography means hiding one piece of data within another”.
Modern steganography uses the opportunity of hiding information into digital multimedia
files and also at the network packet level.
Hiding information into a media requires following elements

The cover media(C) that will hold the hidden data

The secret message (M), may be plain text, cipher text or any type of data

The stego function (Fe) and its inverse (Fe-1)

An optional stego-key (K) or password may be used to hide and unhide the message.
The stego function operates over cover media and the message (to be hidden) along with a
stego-key (optionally) to produce a stego media (S). The schematic of steganographic operation
is shown below.
Figure 1: The Steganographic operation
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