Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade Instructional Period 2 Content Process Strand 3: Comprehending Informational Text Strand 1: Reading Process Concept 1: Expository Concept 4: Vocabulary PO1. Restate the main idea (explicit or implicit) and supporting details in expository PO1. Determine the effect of affixes on root words. text. (GESD Stated Passage) PO2. Use context to identify the meaning of unfamiliar words (e.g., definition, example, PO2. Summarize the main idea and critical details of expository text, maintaining restatement, synonym, contrast). chronological or logical order. PO3. Use context to identify the intended meaning of words with multiple meanings PO5. Locate specific information by using organizational features (e.g., table of (e.g., definition, example, restatement, or contrast). contents, headings, captions, bold print, italics, glossaries, indices, key/guide words, PO4. Determine the meaning of figurative language, including similes, metaphors, topic sentences, and concluding sentences) of expository text. (Connect to paragraph personification, and idioms in prose and poetry. organization and writing) Concept 5: Fluency PO7. Interpret graphic features (e.g., charts, maps, diagrams, illustrations, tables, PO1. Read from a variety of genres with accuracy, automaticity (immediate timelines, and graphs) of expository text. (Connect to paragraph organization and recognition), and prosody (expression). writing) Concept 6: Comprehension Strategies PO8. Identify the organizational structures (e.g., chronological and sequential order, PO1. Predict text content using prior knowledge and text features (e.g., illustrations, titles, topic sentences, key words). comparison and contrast, problem and solution, cause and effect relationships, PO2. Confirm predictions about text for accuracy. logical order) of expository text. PO3. Generate clarifying questions in order to comprehend text. PO9. Draw valid conclusions about expository text, supported by text evidence. PO4. Use graphic organizers in order to clarify the meaning of the text. Concept 2: Functional Text PO5. Connect information and events in text to experience and to related text and PO3. Interpret details from functional text for a specific purpose (e.g., to follow sources. directions, to solve a problem, to perform a procedure, to answer questions). PO6. Apply knowledge of the organizational structures (e.g., chronological order, timesequence order, cause and effect relationships) of text to aid comprehension. PO7. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text. GESDPO8. Reformat elements and / or content in an appropriate graphic organizer. GESDPO9. Summarize a written selection including the main idea(s) and relevant details. 1 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade Reading Process Throughout the Year Strand 1: Reading Process Concept 6: Comprehension Strategies PO1. Predict text content using prior knowledge and text features (e.g., illustrations, titles, topic sentences, key words). PO2. Confirm predictions about text for accuracy. PO3. Generate clarifying questions in order to comprehend text. PO4. Use graphic organizers in order to clarify the meaning of the text. PO5. Connect information and events in text to experience and to related text and sources. PO6. Apply knowledge of the organizational structures (e.g., chronological order, time-sequence order, cause and effect relationships) of text to aid comprehension. PO7. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text. GESDPO8. Reformat elements and / or content in an appropriate graphic organizer. GESDPO9. Summarize a written selection including the main idea(s) and relevant details. Instructional Period 2 Topic: Text Organization Strand 3: Comprehending Informational Text Comprehending Informational Text delineates specific and unique skills that are required to understand the wide array of informational text that is a part of our day-to-day experiences. Concept 1: Expository Text Identify, analyze and apply knowledge of the purpose, structures, and elements of expository text. Essential Questions: What should I be thinking about when I'm reading? What clues indicate the organization of the text? Why did the author write this? Big Idea: Authors structure expository text to accomplish their purpose. Performance Objective Process Integration (skills to use) S3C1PO1. Restate the main idea (explicit or implicit) and supporting details in expository text. (GESD Stated Passage) R-S1C6PO7. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text. 2 R-S1C6PO4. Use graphic organizers in order to clarify the meaning of the text. Explanations and Examples Explanation: Students will identify the narrow topic and derive the author’s purpose in order to paraphrase construct an implied main idea, of the text. Students will also connect relevant details to support the main idea (implied), and summarize the information in their own words. Key Vocabulary: Topic: what a piece of nonfiction talks about; its subject matter Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Resources Assessment Introduction Lessons: McDougall Littell Textbook pp. 844 – 845 Guided Practice Lesson: Standards Lesson Files pp. 29 – 37 Text: Bird Brains pp. 856- 860 With Resource Supercroc pp. 846-852 along with Resource Manager p. 29 (writing) Guide to Assessment: pp. 241-242 Question Stems: What is the main Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade R-S3C1PO5. Locate specific information by using organizational features (e.g., table of contents, headings, captions, bold print, italics, glossaries, indices, key/guide words, topic sentences, and concluding sentences) of expository text. W –S3C2PO2. Write a summary based on the information gathered that include(s): a topic sentence supporting details relevant information. Main Idea: the most important idea in a paragraph Topic Sentence: a sentence that states the main idea of a paragraph Supporting Details: words, phrases, or sentences that tell more about the main idea or topic sentence Relevant Details: having a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue Additional Information: elaboration or illustration or example of the topic Example: Use a GESD expository text passage (supplemental resources) to model the process of locating the main idea in a paragraph. Create an anchor chart as a reference of the steps in locating the stated main idea. Steps to Locate the Stated Main Idea Locate the topic by circling it (pay attention to pronouns, synonyms and repeated topic). 2. Identify the narrow topic. 3. Identify the author’s purpose. 4. Construct the main idea. 5. Confirm the implied main idea by making connection to the essential details. GESD link to the road map in identifying the stated and implied main ideas: http://portals.gesd40.org/district/ci/languagearts/Language %20Arts%20Resources/Stated%20and%20Implied%20Pa ragraphs/Getting%20the%20Gist%20anchor%20chart.pdf 1. Provide many opportunities for students to practice constructing the main idea and confirming the main idea by making text to text connections with the essential details. 3 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Manager, Unit 8 p. 55 Supplemental Resources: Link to additional paragraphs available for student practice: http://www.gesd40.org/inte rnetportal/training/Resourc es/tabid/6821/Default.aspx idea of the passage? Which of the following details best supports the main idea? List several details that support the main idea. What is the first paragraph mostly about? Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade __________________________ The term “killer bees,” refers to a group of aggressive bees that escaped from an experiment in Brazil in 1957. They have migrated at a rate of 100-300 miles per year, and have arrived in the United States. There have been reports that killer bees are larger than the European honeybees we have grown accustomed to in the United States. In truth, they are a little smaller. Some people who have been stung have said that the killer bees have stung them repeatedly. They are incapable of stinging more than once, as they lose their stinger with the first sting. Some have claimed that the venom of the killer bees is stronger than other bees. Actually, it is the same strength as other honeybees. And some people have claimed that they were “hunted” by killer bees. They do not hunt. However, they are more easily provoked than other bees, and when they become agitated they sting in groups, often chasing their victim. Narrow Topic (Title) – Author’s Purpose – Point of view – Implied Main Idea – Confirm implied main idea by connecting the essential information to the constructed main idea. 1. Is the main idea sentence I wrote the main point being made about the topic? 2. Can I connect the relevant details in the paragraph to my topic sentence? 3. If applicable, does the main idea sentence answer the hook? After students constructed and confirmed the main idea; they will need to rephrase (or paraphrase) the information to write a summary. Their summary should include a topic sentence (restatement of the main idea) and supporting 4 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade details taken from the text. Summaries do not contain personal opinions or perspectives. They must remain objective. S3C1PO2. Summarize the main idea and critical details of expository text, maintaining chronological or logical order. S1C6PO5. Connect information and events in text to experience and to related text and sources. Explanation: Student will identify the narrow topic and derive the author’s purpose to paraphrase the stated main idea or construct an implied main idea and connect relevant details to summarize an expository text. Students will identify chronological and logical order. Content Knowledge: Stated main idea and relevant details must be directly taught. Implied main ideas are derived from ideas supported in the text. Key Vocabulary: Main idea: central or most important idea about a topic that a writer or speaker conveys. It can be the central idea of an entire work or just a paragraph. Often, the main idea is expressed in a topic sentence. However a main idea may be implied, or suggested by details. A main idea is typically supported by details. Patterns of organization: the way ideas and information are arranged and organized. Patterns of organization include cause and effect, chronological, compare and contrast classification, and problem solving (Reading Handbook pg. R8). Example: Using the same anchor chart from Instructional Period 1, and the road map to show the process in stated main idea and implied main idea, code the following paragraph and reformat into the graphic organizer. 1. 2. 5 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Steps to Locate the Stated Main Idea Locate the topic by circling it (pronouns, synonyms and repeated topic). Identify the narrow topic. Introduction Lessons: McDougall Littell Text – SuperCroc p. 848852 The First Emperor p.866-870 Digging Up the Past p. 872-875 Dangerous Threat p. 888 What Video Games Can Teach Us p.892894 Each of these essays has tests and assessments in Book 1: Guide to Assessment pg. 239254 Each of the assessments (above) can be used to teach directly and provide guided practice; main idea, details chronological or logical order. Assessment is recommended after using the introduction lessons as practice: TSW read The Spellbinder: The Life of Harry Houdini p. 804808, then from Book 1: Guide to Assessment p. 231-234 Selection Test A #1,#2, #3,#6, Selection Test B/C #1,#2,#3,#5, #6. and from the Written Response p.234 #11 Question Stems Without stating your own opinion, how can you summarize the main idea of the story? What are the critical details that support the main idea? Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade 3. 4. 5. Identify the author’s purpose. Locate the stated main idea - double underline it. Identify supporting details - single underline them. _________________________ To make a mummy, Egyptian priests opened up the dead body. Then they removed most of its organs. The brain was removed though the nose using a long hook. To dry the organs, the priests placed them in special jars. They later placed the jars in the tombs with the body. Next, they washed the inside of the body and packed it with linen or sawdust. Then they sewed it shut. This was done to help the body retain its shape. After preparing the inside of the body, the priests covered it with a powder called natron. It took 40 days for this salt-like substance to dry out the body. Finally, the priests wrapped the body in linen bandages and put it in a coffin. Usually the priests wrapped the mummy with various trinkets to help it reach the afterlife. Reformat Reformat Topic Relevant Detail Relevant Detail Relevant Detail Main idea Summary Provide many opportunities with a variety of paragraphs and passages in order for students to master the process. 6 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Students summarize the text to identify a central idea along with supporting details. Summaries are objective and do not contain personal opinions or perspectives. Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade S3C1PO5. Locate specific information by using organizational features (e.g., table of contents, headings, captions, bold print, glossaries, indices, italics, key words, topic sentences, and concluding sentences) of expository text. (Connected to Research Strand in Writing) S1C6PO5. Connect information and events in text to experience and to related text and sources. Explanation: Students will learn about the different organizational features in expository text. They will then use the organization, graphic features and elements of any piece of expository text to answer questions and aid in text comprehension. Key Vocabulary: Table of Contents: Part and chapter headings that give an overview of what the book covers. It may also have useful features. Headings: this may include title and subtitle and may include a general idea of what the book is about Captions: descriptions of pictures, graphs/tables Bold Print: emphasis on words in darker font from the rest of the print Italics: slanted or sloping forward print to emphasize the word different from the rest of the text Glossary: a list of words relating to a specific topic with the definitions of the words provided Indices (index): alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page number where they are discussed Key/Guide Words: terms that precisely pertain to the concepts, properties topics or ideas of a writing piece Topic Sentences: a sentence that states the topic of its paragraph Concluding Sentences: the last sentence in a body paragraph. It is all commentary, does not repeat key words, and gives a finished feeling to the paragraph. 7 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Questions Stems What organizational feature does the author use to distinguish important information? Could the author have included an organizational feature to benefit the reader? Locate the topic sentence/conclu ding sentence in expository text? What organizational feature helped you locate the information? Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade Example: Using the Table of Contents of your McDougall Littell Reading series, complete the chart below. Locate each type of text listed in the table of contents, list the title and your prediction based on the title of the text. Type of Text S3C1PO7. Interpret graphic features (e.g., charts, maps, diagrams, illustrations, tables, timelines, and graphs) of expository text. (Connected to Research Strand in Writing) R-S1C6PO4. Use graphic organizers in order to clarify the meaning of the text. R-S1C6PO7. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text. Poetry Short Story Non-fiction Memoir Greek Myth Biography Explanation: The students will decipher information from graphic features (e.g., charts, maps, diagrams, illustrations, tables, timelines, and graphs) of expository text to support the readers understanding of the main ideas and relevant information. Example: Text: Newspapers and informational magazines The students will locate examples of the following graphic features and summarize the information gathered. Text Feature Chart Map Diagram Illustration Table Timelines Graphs 8 Table of Contents Title Predict what the text will be about based on title Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Definition Example Information Introduction Lessons: McDougal/Littell Standards Lesson Files pp. 364-367 Guided Practice: Reading and Information Standards Lesson Files pp. 371-375 Reading and Information Standards Lesson Files, p. 368 Question Stems How does the graphic feature used in this expository text help the reader develop a coherent understanding of the topic? What information can you interpret from the graphic feature? What type of graphic feature Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade …………………………………………………………………. Direct Instruction: Using your McDougall Littell Reading textbook, locate the graph on page 851. This graph shows us that: did the author use? Use the graphic feature to support your answer. Crocodiles, like pterosaurs, like dinosaurs, and birds, descended from ancient ancestors called archosaurs. Pterosaurs and dinosaurs became extinct about 65 million years ago, but crocodiles and birds have survived to the present day. S3C1PO8. Identify the organizational structures (e.g., chronological order, comparison and contrast, problem and solution cause and effect relationships, logical order) of expository text. R-S1C6 PO7. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text. R-S1C6PO6. Apply knowledge of the organizational structures (e.g., chronological order, time-sequence order, cause and effect relationships) of text to aid comprehension. R-S1C6PO4. Use graphic organizers in order to clarify the meaning of the text. Have students locate two more graphs within their reading textbook, identify the page number and title. Students will draw conclusions about what information the graph is giving them. Explanation: Students should be able to read a text to identify how it is organized, specifically in the paragraph organization of comparison and contrast, problem and solution. Content Knowledge: Students should understand the transitional words. Each organizational structure has transitional words that help students understand the paragraph. Key Vocabulary: Problem-Solution: a pattern of organization in which a problem is stated and analyzed and then one or more solutions are proposed and examined Transition- word or phrase that links ideas and shows how they relate Pattern of organization- a particular arrangement of ideas and information; serves as a basic skeleton or structure for a paragraph Comparison-Contrast: Items are related by the comparison (similarities) that are made or by the contrasts (differences) that are presented. The author’s purpose is 9 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Introduction Lessons: Standard Lesson Files Reading Information pp. 47-54 Standard Lesson File Transitions-Chart of Transitions pg. 61-67 Guided Practice: McDougall Littell Text Super Croc p. 848852 The First Emperor p.866-870 Digging Up the Past p. 872-875 Dangerous Threat p.888 What Video Games Can Teach Us p.892894 Social Studies Chapter 7, Asia’s Classical Age p. 205- Using various passages from the McDougal Lit. text use targeted passages and create a test version the student will write two sentences, linked by the type of transition listed. Recommended passages pg. 126chronological order, compare and contrast pg. 776, cause and effect pg.892 Test: Write two sentences, linked by the type of transition listed. Comparison_______ _________ Chronological order_____________ Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade to show the similarities and differences. Signal words often used for comparison-contrast: similar, different, on the other hand, but, however, bigger than, smaller than, in the same way, parallels Example: Direct Instruction: Comparison and contrast is looking at two different items and showing how they are similar and different. A paragraph that has this type of organization can be organized in two different ways: 1. The whole-to-whole (divided) pattern of comparison (A+B), i.e., the first thing is discussed in entirety, and then the second thing is discussed. 2. The part-to-part (alternating) pattern of comparison (A/B + A/B), i.e., elements of the first thing are discussed, then elements of the second. This process is then repeated. Example paragraph: Sea Plants that Grow like Weeds There are weeds that grow in seas along coasts that differ greatly from typical garden weeds that grow on land. Seaweed, also known as algae, grows abundantly like garden weeds along many shores. Weeds on land and seaweed differ in how they reproduce. Unlike weeds that grow on land, seaweed does not flower and then scatter its seeds. Rather, their stem tip swells up and releases male and female cells into the water. They also differ in their structure. Land plants have roots, stems, and leaves while algae do not. Instead, they have holdfasts, stipes, and fronds. In addition, plants on land and in the sea differ in how they absorb nutrients. While plants on land have a network of tubes that move water and nutrients throughout the plant, algae absorb nutrients directly from the sea water. 10 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 217- compare and contrast the Maurya and Gupta Empires Resource Manager p. 101 Supplemental Resources: Use the Biography unit and Standard Lesson Files to complete this P.O. Use Newbridge Reading Quest to complete this P.O. _____ Cause and effect_____________ _________ Question Stems What is the organizational structure the author used in this expository text? How would you organize events from the story as they occur? In the passage where can you find cause and effect relationships? Compare and contrast two expository passages. How does your knowledge of the organizational structure of the text help you gain understanding of the text? How do the major sections in the text contribute to the development of the Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade organizational feature in the passage? Create a graphic organizer to show the comparison of the two items: Sea Weeds Criteria Garden Weeds Where grow Reproduction Nutrients Use GESD website for more Comparison/Contrast paragraph examples to provide more opportunities for students to identify the paragraph organization and to justify their thinking as to which organization they chose. S3C1PO9. Draw valid conclusions about expository text, supported by text evidence. R-S1C6PO7. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text. R-S1C6PO3. Generate clarifying questions in order to comprehend text. Explanation: To draw a conclusion is to make a judgment or arrive at a belief based on evidence, experience, and reasoning within expository text. Key Vocabulary: Inference: a conclusion drawn from evidence or reasoning- (making a prediction based on the information the author gives you plus your background knowledge) Drawing conclusions: a decision made or an opinion formed after considering the relevant facts or evidence(taking bits of information and coming up with something else from what you know) Evidence: the means by which facts are proved correct or incorrect 11 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Introduction Lessons: Reading and Informational TextStandards Lesson File pp. 6971, 73-74 (Inferencing = Drawing Conclusions Guided Practice: Reading and Informational Text Standards Lesson File pp. 75 – 83 Reading and Informational Text Standards Lesson File p. 72 Question Stems What conclusions can you draw from the expository passage? What evidence supports your answer? Which will most likely happen as a result of_____? What helped your form this conclusion? Why are your conclusions valid? Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade Example: From Basic Comprehension Tools McDougal Littell pg.D25 Making Inferences. Students will infer from a story and complete an inference chart. Details from the story + What I already know in my background knowledge = My inference Inference may be drawn using Science and Social Studies text and inference charts can be filled out to show how conclusions are drawn. 12 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Are your conclusions supported by the text? Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade Topic: Functional Text Strand 3: Comprehending Informational Text Comprehending Informational Text delineates specific and unique skills that are required to understand the wide array of informational text that is a part of our day-to-day experiences. Concept 2: Functional Text Identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the purpose, structures, clarity, and relevancy of functional text. Essential Questions: What is functional text? How does organization and clarity aid in the comprehension of functional text? How does the reader solve problems and draw conclusions from functional text? When reading functional text, why is it critical to analyze the information and interpret details? Big Idea: The reader interprets details for specific purposes. I will be able to find information from many sources to solve a problem and draw conclusions. Performance Objective S3C2PO3. Interpret details from functional text for a specific purpose (e.g., to follow directions, to solve a problem, to perform a procedure, to answer questions). Process Integration (skills to use) R-S1C6PO5. Connect information and events in text to experience and to related text and sources. R-S1C6PO3. Generate clarifying questions in order to comprehend text. R-S1C6PO7. Use reading strategies (e.g., drawing conclusions, determining cause and effect, making inferences, sequencing) to comprehend text. Explanations and Examples Explanation: Explanation: Taking a piece of functional text and looking at details to determine purpose. Introduction Lessons: Key Vocabulary: Functional text: Writing meant to help the reader accomplish an everyday task. Supplemental Resources: Reading to Follow Directions Cooking/baking instructions Sewing instructions Repair manuals Road maps Game directions Craft and hobby instructions First Aid instructions Labels/washing instructions Bus/Building/street sign Manual: A set of instructions on how to do tasks. Booklet; Pamphlet; Brochure: Text that includes key information on important details. Appealing format to reader. Example: Provide students with the following functional text example. Direct instruction on the features of functional text that they will come across in this text. Code for: Bold text - highlight Numbering - circle Headings and sub-headings – draw a box Bulleting - star 13 Resources Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 http://teamd.uop.edu.t ripod.com/id3.html Reading to Gain Information TV schedule Movie ads Assessment Question Stems According to ______ the reader will be able to ________. What is the specific purpose of this functional text? (solve a problem, follow directions, perform a procedure etc.) Aligned Writing Suggestion Students use a variety of writing formats for a Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade Using the text features and text, answer the following questions: Is this centerpiece hard to assemble? What are the steps in completing the centerpiece? Or summarize the steps in completing the centerpiece. What holds the flowers together in the container? What is a helpful hint that the author gives when sticking the fruit into the foam? Centerpiece Creation This centerpiece only looks complicated. It is actually quite simple and can be assembled with fruit, flowers and greenery picked up at your local grocery store. Materials and Tools: large pedestal bowl or container plastic liner to fit in bottom of container block of florists' foam wood picks assorted fruit (such as apples, oranges, peaches, grapes or pears) greenery (such as bush ivy and small-leaf ivy) fresh roses Steps: 1. Place plastic liner in bottom of container, cut florists' foam to fit liner. Place foam in liner and thoroughly soak 14 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016 Sports information Want ads/classified Food/clothing ads Menus Weather/temperature charts Bike ads Skateboard ads Reading to Use References Phone directory Magazine contents Newspaper index Yellow pages Repair manual index City services directory Job manual Classified ads directory Dictionary Glossary Reading to Fill Out Forms Club memberships Subscriptions Contest/puzzle entries Record/tape clubs Banking forms School forms Job applications Book clubs Postal forms specific purpose such as directions to an event, solve a problem, or write a recipe. Reading Lesson Planning Guide-Informational-IP2 | Sixth Grade foam. 2. Insert wood picks into apples, oranges, peaches or pears and stick these in foam. To secure grape bunches, wire stem to wood pick then insert pick in foam. Tip: Start with largest pieces of fruit and work to smallest. 3. Fill edges of arrangement and spaces between fruit with greenery, again working largest to smallest. 4. Finally, insert roses between fruit. After collecting a variety of functional text, provide many opportunities for students to code, and respond to questions to locate specific information within the functional text. Writing connection: Have students create a piece of functional text on making their favorite food. 15 Glendale Elementary School District 2/8/2016