The
National
College
Of
Chiropractic
200 East Roosevelt Road
Lombard, Illinois 60148
Departments and Courses of Instruction
Doctor of Chiropractic Degree Curriculum
Clock Hours
Per Week
FIRST TRIMESTER
LEC
LAB
Credits
Clock Hours
Per
Trimester
AT-3101
Human Embryology
3
0
3
45
AT-3106
At-4101
Human Genetics
Human Histology
2
4
0
0
2
4
30
60
AT-4101L
Human Histology Lab.
0
4
2
60
CM-3113
CH-3511
PH-3141
Biochemistry I
Introduction to Chiropractic
Biomathematics
4
2
2
0
2
0
4
3
2
60
60
30
PH-3142
PH-4141
PH-4141L
Bioinstrumentation
Cells and Body Fluids
Cells and Body Fluids Lab.
1
3
0
0
0
2
1
3
1
15
45
30
21
8
25
435
SECOND TRIMESTER
AT-3102
AT-3102L
Gross Anatomy
Gross Anatomy Lab.
3
0
0
9
3
3
45
135
BM-3501
3
2
4
75
3
0
3
45
CM-3114
PH-4142
Introduction to Biomechanics
Biochemistry II
(Intermediary Metabolism)
Biochemistry II Lab.
Circulation and Respiration
1
3
3
0
2
3
60
45
PH-4142L
XR-3551
Circulation and Respiration Lab.
Normal Radiographic Anatomy I
0
1
2
0
1
1
30
15
14
16
20
450
CM-3115
THIRD TRIMESTER
AT-3103
AT-3103L
Gross Anatomy
Gross Anatomy Lab.
4
0
0
9
4
3
60
135
BM-4501
Kinesiology
Clinical Principles and
Biomechanical Analysis
Fundamentals of Pathology
Digestion, Metabolism and
Endocrines
3
3
4
90
1
2
2
45
4
0
4
60
3
0
3
45
CH-4511
PA-4131
PH-4143
Clock Hours
Per Week
PH-4143L
XR-3552
Digestion, Metabolism and
Endocrines Lab.
Normal Radiographic Anatomy II
Credits
Clock Hours
Per
Trimester
LEC
LAB
0
2
1
30
1
0
1
15
16
16
22
480
FOURTH TRIMESTER
AT-4102
Human Neuroanatomy
6
1
6
105
CH-4512
General Chiropractic Techniques
1
4
3
75
CM-5111
Basic Nutrition
3
0
3
45
CP-4521
MI-4121
Abnormal Psychology
Fundamentals of Microbiology
Fundamentals of Microbiology
Lab.
Neoplasms
X-Ray Physics and Radiation
Protection
X-Ray Physics and Radiation
Protection Laboratory
3
3
0
0
3
3
45
45
0
4
2
60
3
0
3
45
2
0
2
30
0
2
1
30
21
11
26
480
MI-4121L
PA-4132
XR-4551
XT-4551L
FIFTH TRIMESTER
CH-5511
CP-5521
Specific Chiropractic Techniques
Clinical Psychology
2
2
4
0
4
2
90
30
MI-5121
PA-5132
Clinical Microbiology
Systems Pathology I
Neurophysiology, Special Senses
and Muscles
Neurophysiology Lab.
Toxicology
Principles of Physiological
Therapeutics
Normal Radiographic Anatomy III
Normal Radiographic Anatomy III
Lab.
5
4
0
2
5
5
75
90
3
0
3
45
0
3
2
0
1
3
30
45
3
0
3
45
1
0
1
15
0
1
0
15
23
9
27
480
1
0
2
1
2
1
45
15
PH-5141
PH-5141L
PH-5142
PT-5541
XR-5551
XR-5551L
SIXTH TRIMESTER
CH-5512
CH-5513
Extravertebral Techniques
Chiropractic Review I
Clock Hours
Per Week
Credits
Clock Hours
Per
Trimester
LEC
LAB
CM-5112
Clinical Nutrition I
3
0
3
45
DX-5531
Laboratory Diagnosis
3
0
3
45
DX-5531L
0
3
1
45
4
0
4
60
0
2
1
30
MI-5122
Laboratory Diagnosis Lab.
Fundamentals of Physical
Diagnosis
Fundamentals of Physical
Diagnosis
Public Health
3
0
3
45
PA-5133
Systems Pathology II
4
2
5
90
XR-5552
Fundamentals of Interpretation
Fundamentals of Interpretation
Lab.
2
0
2
30
0
2
1
30
20
12
26
480
DX-5532
DX-5532L
XR-5552L
SEVENTH TRIMESTER
CM-6111
Clinical Nutrition II
3
0
3
45
CH-6511
CP-6521
CP-6523
Chiropractic Review II
Clinical Neurology
First Aid and Minor Surgery
0
3
2
1
2
0
1
4
2
15
75
30
CP-6523L
DX-6531
First Aid and Minor Surgery Lab.
Clinical Diagnosis: CV & Resp.
Clinical Diagnosis: GI, GU, Gyn. &
Ob.
Clinical Diagnosis Lab.
Clinical Diagnosis: Eye, Ear, Nose
& Throat
Clinical Diagnosis: Dermatology
0
3
2
0
1
3
30
45
5
0
5
75
0
1
0
15
3
0
3
45
1
0
1
15
Meridian Therapy & Pain Control
Roentgenological Interpretation:
Chest, Skull & Sinuses
Roentgenological Interpretation:
Chest, Skull & Sinuses Lab.
2
0
2
30
2
0
2
30
0
2
1
30
24
8
28
480
3
2
4
75
3
3
4
90
DX-6532
DX-6532L
DX-6533
DX-6534
PT-6541
XR-6551
XR-6551L
EIGHTH TRIMESTER
CH-6512
CH-6513
Chiropractic Orthopedics
Correlated Chiropractic
Techniques/Pediatric & Geriatric
Methods
Clock Hours
Per Week
CP-6522
DX-6535
PT-6542
PT-6542L
XR-6552
XR-6552L
XR-6553
Jurisprudence, Ethics, Business
and Office Management
Clinical Practicum
Correlated Physiological
Therapeutics
Correlated Physiological
Therapeutics Lab.
Roentgenological Interpretation:
Orthopedic
Roentgenological Interpretation:
Orthopedic Lab.
Radiological Technology
Credits
Clock Hours
Per
Trimester
LEC
LAB
4
0
4
60
1
1
1
30
3
0
3
45
0
2
1
30
2
0
2
30
0
2
1
30
2
2
3
60
18
12
23
450
4
0
4
60
0
300
0
600
201
3795
NINTH TRIMESTER
DX-7535
Clinical Conference
Internship I, 3.5 hours per day
Minimum Hours
TENTH TRIMESTER
Internship II, 6.5 hours per day
Minimum Hours
SUMMARY
COURSES
161
INTERNSHIP
92
900
Grand Total Hours
4695
INTERNSHIP
The internship portion of the Doctor of Chiropractic program at National College ordinarily commences
with the ninth trimester. Before a student may begin his/her internship he/she must successfully pass
an examination rendered by a review panel generally composed of faculty and staff.
Students who are preparing themselves to sit for a panel review should familiarize themselves with the
policy governing panel eligibility by consulting the Academic Dean who is the Chairman of the Pre-Clinic
Review Committee.
One purpose of the panel review process is to evaluate the student’s level of competence after seven
trimesters of study. Students are examined in the area of professionalism, diagnosis (including
laboratory diagnosis), roentgenology, chiropractic procedures, and physiological therapeutics.
Another purpose of the panel review process is to assist the College faculty and administration in the
continuing assessment of the viability, quality, and appropriateness of the curriculum.
The two-phase program of practical work and patient exposure is essential preparation for private
practice. Application of the techniques, instrumentation and procedures studied previously in the
chiropractic program forms the nucleus of the internship.
During Phase I the intern plays an important role in the student health service program, as well as in the
management (with the assistance and supervision of the clinic staff) of outpatients.
During Phase II the intern, under the supervision of the clinic staff, has as a main duty the care of clinic
patients.
Phase I and II internships are comprised of a minimum of 32 continuous weeks beginning with the start
of the ninth trimester and continuing through the tenth. The ninth and tenth trimesters must be taken
as a one unit.
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE DEGREE
Curriculum
To qualify for the Bachelor of Science degree (major in human biology) the student at the National
College of Chiropractic must, among other requirements, complete a minimum of sixty-seven (67)
trimester hours of credit. Students who have earned advanced standing credit in any of the courses
required for the baccalaureate degree must select alternate courses from among those listed as
electives so that a minimum of sixty-seven (67) trimester hours of credit have been earned at National
College.
Required Courses:
AT-3101
AT-3102
AT-3013
AT-3106
AT-4101
AT-4102
CM-3113
CM-3115
CM-3114
MI-4121
PA-4131
PH-3141
- Human Embryology
- Gross Anatomy
- Gross Anatomy
- Human Genetics
- Human Histology
- Human Neuroanatomy
- Biochemistry I
- Biochemistry II
- Biochemistry II Laboratory
- Fundamentals of Microbiology
- Fundamentals of Pathology
- Biomathematics
Trimester Hours of Credit
3
6
7
2
6
6
4
3
2
5
4
2
PH-3142
PH- 4141
PH-4142
PH-4143
PH-5141
- Bioinstrumentation
- Cells and Body Fluids
- Circulation and Respiration
- Digestion, Metabolism and Endocrines
- Neurophysiology
1
4
4
4
4
- Total required trimester hours of credit
67
Elective Courses:
CM-5111
MI-5121
MI-5122
PA-5131
PA-5132
PA-5133
PH-5142
CP-4521
- Basic Nutrition
- Clinical Microbiology
- Public Health
- Neoplasms
- Systems Pathology I
- Systems Pathology II
- Toxicology
- Abnormal Psychology
3
5
3
3
5
5
3
3
INSTRUCTIONAL ORGANIZATION
The curriculum for the student who is seeking to earn the Doctor of Chiropractic degree is divided into
two major divisions: the Basic Sciences and the Clinical Sciences. The Division of the Basic Sciences
includes the departments of Anatomy, Chemistry and Nutrition, Microbiology and Public Health,
Pathology, and Physiology. The Division of the Clinical Sciences includes the departments of
Biomechanics, Chiropractic, Clinical Practice, Diagnosis, Physiological Therapeutics and Roentgenology.
Specific courses are offered in each of the departments and these courses make up the curriculum
which must be followed to earn the Doctor of Chiropractic Degree.
Courses in the basic sciences are taken during the early trimesters of school, the clinical science courses
during the latter part of the student’s program at the National College of chiropractic. This arrangement
of course work enables the student, after approximately two years of study, to take certain basic science
examinations and Part I of the examinations given by the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners.
The internship, which is required of all students seeking the Doctor of Chiropractic degree, begins during
the fifth academic year of training and involves the major portion of the student’s time. (A fuller
discussion of the internship program is found on page 5.)
The curriculum for the student seeking to earn the Bachelor of Science degree in Human Biology is
composed, for the most part, of courses offered in the Division of the Basic Sciences. A detailed
curriculum appears on page 6.
All course offered are required to be taken at The National College of Chiropractic unless the student
has been given advanced standing credit for courses equivalent in quality and content which have been
completed elsewhere at an accredited college or university.
Courses are identified by a departmental designation, course number, title, and designations which
indicate hours devoted to lecture and laboratory as well as credit value.
DIVISION OF THE BASIC SCIENCES
The Division of the Basic Sciences is composed of the departments of Anatomy, Chemistry and Nutrition,
Microbiology and Public Health, Pathology, and Physiology.
National College recognizes its responsibility to the professional student of chiropractic and to the
community to provide a learning environment in which qualified persons can acquire and perfect the
intellectual tools necessary to understand the structure and function of the human organism from the
level of the smallest cell organelle to the complex control systems. Each department within the Division
seeks to reveal man’s relationships with other living organisms as well as his relationship with his
inanimate environment.
The basic sciences emphasize that man is a creature closely related to his environment – dependent
upon it and capable of affecting it beneficially or adversely. Homeostasis a fundamental phenomenon
considered by all of the departments within the Division, and the student is introduced to the causes of
man’s inability to maintain this steady state. This fundamental knowledge is the substratum for later
study in the clinical sciences where the student will acquire the knowledge and skills requisite to
therapeutic management of non-homeostatic man.
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
Associate Professor William E. Bachop – Chairman
Program Description
The sequence of required courses in Anatomy encompasses all areas of Anatomy commonly taught in
other institutions engaged in educating students to become primary physicians. In regions where an
especially detailed knowledge of anatomy is essential to successful manipulative therapy, e.g., back and
limbs, the anatomy of such regions is taught to a greater than normal depth. Structure is studied at the
cell, tissue, organ, system, and organism level, using at each level all appropriate methodologies:
cadaver dissection and prosection; study of museum specimens and models; study of surface anatomy
and radiographic anatomy of the living body; microscopic studies; lectures; and audiovisuals. The
implications of Anatomy for the clinical sciences and Physiology are stressed.
Course Descriptions:
AT 3101
HUMAN EMBRYOLOGY
(3 + 0) credits 3
Lectures, audiovisuals, and assigned readings cover human developmental anatomy from fertilization to
parturition with heavy emphasis placed on details that either complement the study of adult gross
anatomy or have great clinical significance.
Prerequisites: None
AT 3102
GROSS ANATOMY
Human Body Wall and Appendages
(3 + 0) credits 3
This is the lecture portion of the course on the regional anatomy of the upper and lower limbs, shoulder
and hip, axilla and groin, and superficial areas of the neck, thoracic wall, and back.
Prerequisites: AT-3101, AT-3106, AT-4101 and concurrent enrollment in AT-3012L
AT 3102L
GROSS ANATOMY LABORATORY
Human Body Wall and Appendages
(0 + 9) credits 3
Under close supervision, students dissect the regions of the human body covered in AT-3102, the lecture
portion of this course
Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in AT-3102
AT 3103
GROSS ANATOMY
(4 + 0) credits 4
This is the lecture portion of the course on the regional anatomy of the viscera, abdominal wall, external
genitalia, head, brain, spinal cord, special sense organs, and deep levels of the thoracic wall, neck, and
back.
Prerequisites: AT-3102 and concurrent enrollment in AT-3103L
AT 3103L
GROSS ANATOMY LABORATORY
(0 + 9) credits 3
Under close supervision, students dissect the regions of the human body covered in AT-3103, the lecture
portion of this course.
Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in AT-3103
AT 3106
HUMAN GENETICS
(2 + 0) credits 2
The scientific principles of genetics are reviewed as the basis for genetic counseling and referral.
Examples of inherited afflictions that are widespread or so severe as to bring persons so afflicted to the
attention of the physician for diagnosis are presented through lectures, audiovisuals, and assigned
readings. Methodologies for information retrieval from the current literature are taught so that the
physician will know how to seek out reliable recent specific information when the need arises.
Prerequisites: None
AT 4101
HUMAN HISTOLOGY
(4 + 0) credits 4
This is the lecture portion of the course which complements the study of gross anatomy and focuses on
the structure of the basic tissues and organs which are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
Lectures emphasize similarities and differences among cells, tissues, and organs and the idea that
structure (form) reflects function.
Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in AT-4101L
AT 4101L
HUMAN HISTOLOGY LABORATORY
(0 + 4) credits 2
Histology laboratory is correlated with Histology lecture to allow the student to observe at the light
microscopic level the cells, tissues, and organs which are described in lecture. Students use prepared
microscope slides as well as audiovisual aides.
Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in AT-4101, the lecture portion of this course
AT 4102
HUMAN NEUROANATOMY
(6 + 1) credits 6
This lecture and laboratory study of the central and peripheral nervous systems emphasizes the
structure and connections of the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia, thalamus and hypothalamus,
cerebellum and brain stem, cranial nerves and spinal cord, vestibulocochlear and visual pathways,
ascending and descending pathways, autonomic nervous system and receptors.
Prerequisites: AT-3103
AT 3101-S HUMAN CLINICAL EMBRYOLOGY SEMINAR
(1 + 0) credits 1
This seminar emphasizes clinical problems that arise from faulty development. The course is offered in
lieu of AT-3101 to students whose undergraduate courses have included human embryological study
equivalent to AT-3101 in content and quality.
AT 3104
HISTOLOGICAL TECHNIQUE
(0 + 2) credits 1 OR (0 + 4) credits 2
This course is a practicum in the preparation of tissues for study by light microscopy (includes fixation,
embedding, sectioning, and staining).
Prerequisites: AT-4101 and permission of Chairman of the Department of Anatomy
AT 3105
MUSEUM TECHNIQUE
(0 + 2) credits 1 or (0 + 4) credits 2
This is a practicum in the preparation of wet mounts or dry mounts of gross anatomical and gross
pathological specimens for study, teaching, and display.
Prerequisites: AT-3103 and permission of Chairman of the Department of Anatomy
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION
Assistant Professor Steven L. Blanenship – Acting Chairman
Program Description
The study of the mechanism of life is essential to anyone engaged in any in-depth undertaking in the life
sciences. The highly organized systems of chemical reactions in a biological system is this mechanism. A
basic understanding of the chemical reactions of organic compounds either in vitro (organic chemistry)
or in vivo (biochemistry) is indispensable to life sciences such as histology, physiology, and nutrition as
well as the clinical sciences.
The basic and clinical nutrition courses are designed to develop in students an ability to understand and
evaluate man’s nutritional needs arising from the body’s modes of nutrient utilization. Foods and their
nutritional values are studied from the standpoint of man’s dietetic and therapeutic nutritional
requirements.
Course Descriptions:
CM 3113
BIOCHEMISTRY I
(4 + 0) credits 4
This course includes the study of the structure, function and properties of various biomolecules – amino
acids and proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, enzymes and coenzymes, vitamins and
hormones. Basic biochemical principles and analytical techniques of importance to an understanding of
the human body are emphasized.
Prerequisite: None
CM 3114
BIOCHEMISTRY II LABORATORY
(1 + 3) credits 2
This laboratory course deals with the study of the properties and reactions of biologically active
compounds that are involved in the processes of human metabolism. Experiments are concentrated on
the clinical, biochemical, and diagnostic importance of such techniques as gastric analysis, the
determination of enzymes, proteins, vitamins, sugar, and cholesterol in blood and other body fluids, and
the measurement of metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the biosynthesis
of urea.
Methodologies employed include electrophoresis, spectrophotometry, colorimetry,
chromatography and titration.
Prerequisites: CM-3113 and concurrent enrollment in CM-3115
CM 3115
BIOCHEMISTRY II (Intermediary Metabolism)
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course considers the individual enzymatic reactions of the central metabolic pathways of anabolism
and catabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, fatty acids, nucleotides, and nucleic acids.
Included are the mechanisms of regulation and the integration of metabolisms as well as the
abnormalities in metabolism as they relate to hereditary disorders and diseased states.
Prerequisites: CM-3113 and concurrent enrollment in CM-3114
CM 5111
BASIC NUTRITION
(3 + 0) credits 3
Nutritional requirements of the body, food sources of nutrients, and the biochemical utilization of
nutrients in homeostatic metabolism are presented.
Prerequisites: CM-3114, CM-3115, PH-4141, PH-4142 and PH-4143
CM 5112
CLINICAL NUTRITION I
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course is concerned with nutritional requirements during physiologic stress, evaluation of
nutritional status, evaluation of diets, diagnosis and treatment of deficiency diseases, and diet and menu
planning
Prerequisites: CM-5111 and PH-5142
CM 6111
CLINICAL NUTRITION II
(3 + 0) credits 3
Nutritional and dietary management of human diseases are considered with particular emphasis on case
studies.
Prerequisite: CM-5112
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Professor Calvin C. Kuehner – Chairman
Program Description
The courses in the Department of Microbiology and Public Health are designed to introduce the student
to the nature and life processes of microorganisms, especially as they relate to the development of the
human disease process. An understanding of microbial life and its control is an essential ingredient of
the armamentarium of the primary physician as a portal of entry into the health care delivery system.
Laboratory experience stresses the use of modern methods of detection, isolation and identification of
microorganisms with emphasis on acceptable procedures in office practice.
Instruction covers methodologies for sample collection and transmission to a clinical laboratory as well
as the interpretation of microbiological reports rendered by a clinical laboratory.
Course Descriptions:
MI 4121
FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROBIOLOGY
(3 + 0) credits 3
This is the lecture portion of the course which offers an introduction to the scope and history of
microbiology and the basic principles of microbiological practice. Emphasized are prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells, their structure, metabolism, nutrition, and growth. Topics include: microbial genetics;
a survey of the major groups of microorganisms; physical and chemical methods of control, including
chemotherapy; air, water, milk and food microbiology; and a description of the nature and role of the
normal flora of the body. An introduction to infection and resistance includes: the methods of invasion,
colonization, and disease production in humans, as well as methods of specific and non-specific
resistance; nature of antigens and antibodies; and allergies, hypersensitivities, cellular immunity,
antisera and vaccines.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in MI-4121L or permission of Chairman of the Department
MI 4121L
FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY
(0 + 4) credits 2
The laboratory techniques of microbiology are fundamental to the advancement and understanding of
the science. This laboratory portion of the course (MI-4121) acquaints the student with basic
techniques and the fundamental characteristics of microorganisms. The experiments are designed for
the student in the health sciences. Included is an introduction to fungi and parasites. Emphasis is
placed on the pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria. The cultural, morphological, metabolic,
chemical composition, and antigenic characteristics of these bacteria are studied. Students must
provide their own brightfield, compound microscope and laboratory jacket.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in MI-4121 or permission of Chairman of the Department
MI 5121
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(5 + 0) credits 5
This course considers the various human infectious diseases, the nature of the etiological agent,
immunological relationships, manifestations, and pathogenesis. General concepts of therapeutic and
preventative methods are included.
Prerequisite: MI-4121
MI 5122
PUBLIC HEALTH
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course considers the scientific basis upon which the maintenance of health and the prevention of
disease rest. The multidisciplinary aspects of public health are emphasized with special attention to the
present day health problems of the community.
Prerequisite: MI-5121
Elective:
MI 3121S
SEMINAR IN MICROBIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(1 + 0) credits 1
This seminar offers a systematic presentation of existing knowledge of the fundamentals of
microbiology and public health including: a review of fundamental microbiology with emphasis on the
broad aspects of biochemistry, genetics and physiology; the medical aspects of microbiology –
bacteriology, virology, immunology, mycology, and parasitology; the public health aspect with emphasis
on environment and pollution, food sanitation, occupational health, solid waste management, water
quality control, and vector control; the public health aspect with emphasis on the epidemiologic and
statistical implications of clinical cases; and selected topics in social and preventive medicine.
Prerequisites: Recent completion of a course in microbiology equivalent to MI-4121 and having a
course value of four (4) semester hours.
DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY
Professor Marcel C. Christiansen and Associate Professor Vrajlal H. Vyas – Co- Chairmen
Program Description
Pathology is the science which seeks to provide a bridge between the other basic sciences and the
clinical sciences. It studies the nature of disease, its causes, courses, complications and sequelae.
The departmental archives include an autopsy and biopsy slide collection which provides actual study
and observation of tissue changes associated with established illnesses of man.
Also employed are audiovisual aids available for both classroom and laboratory usage where applicable
in course chronology.
Course Descriptions:
PA 4131
FUNDAMENTALS OF PATHOLOGY
(4 + 0) credits 4
This course provides an introduction to the basic changes in the morphology of the cells, tissues and
organs in diseased states. Extensive use of visual aids helps the student to differentiate abnormal from
the normal and correlate the clinical aspects of the alterations.
Prerequisite: AT-3102
PA 4132
NEOPLASMS
(3 + 0) credits 3
General characteristics, classifications and differential diagnosis of cysts, benign and malignant tumors
and other neoplastic entities are reviewed followed by detailed discussions of specific tumors likely to
be encountered within the above outline.
Prerequisite: PA-4131
PA 5132
SYSTEMS PATHOLOGY I
(4 + 2) credits 5
Considered in this course are the pathologies peculiar to and characteristic of the various systems of the
body. The systems examined are the urinary, reticuloendothelial, respiratory, and cardiovascular. Each
condition is studied from the standpoints of general characteristics, macroscopic and microscopic
appearance, and clinical course. Laboratory examination of slides made from diseased tissues will
correlate the lectures and laboratory manual.
Prerequisite: PA-4132
PA 5133
SYSTEMS PATHOLOGY II
(4 + 2) credits 5
This course is a continuation of PA-5132 and covers the endocrine, gastrointestinal, genital, nervous,
and musculoskeletal systems.
Prerequisite: PA-5132
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
Assistant Professor Helene R. Zasadny – Acting Chairman
Program Description
Physiology, as that branch of the biological sciences which treats of the functions of living organisms in
health and disease and the laws governing the dynamics of living matter, is indispensable for a student
of the healing arts. The program seeks to develop in students that level of knowledge of normal
biological functions requisite to an understanding of the nature and etiology of disease as a deviation or
derangement of normal function.
Course Descriptions:
PH 3141
BIOMATHEMATICS
(2 + 0) credits 2
The basic principles of mathematics are reviewed, and emphasis is given to the application of calculus
and biostatistics to bioinstrumentation and physiological investigation.
Prerequisite: None
PH 3142
BIOINSTRUMENTATION
(1 + 0) credits 1
This course considers instrumentation theory as it relates to the analytic instrumentation utilized in
determining parameters in exercise physiology, cardiovascular-pulmonary adjustment, metabolic
requirements, and heat regulation during rest and stress.
Prerequisite: None
PH 4141
CELLS AND BODY FLUIDS
(3 + 0) credits 3
This is the lecture portion of the course and includes a discussion of cell function, bioelectric
phenomena, the physiological properties of blood and the concept of homeostatic regulation of the
internal environment involving renal function, renal regulation of extracellular fluids and solutes, and
renal involvement in the body’s acid-base balance.
Prerequisite: None
PH 4141L
CELLS AND BODY FLUIDS LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credits 1
This is the laboratory portion of the course PH-4141 and it seeks to evaluate physiological phenomena
such as solute transport across the biological membrane, the general properties of blood, and the
kidney regulation of the osmolarity of the body fluids. Experiments are intended to demonstrate these
phenomena both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in PH-4141
PH 4142
CIRCULATION AND RESPIRATION
(3 + 0) credits 3
Tissue respiration and the control mechanisms involved in the regulation of the circulatory and
respiratory systems are the subjects of this course. The component parts of these systems are discussed
individually.
Prerequisites: PH-4141
PH 4142L
CIRCULATION AND RESPIRATION LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credits 1
In this laboratory portion of the course PH-4142, human and live animal experiments are performed to
demonstrate the regulatory mechanisms of the circulatory and respiratory systems. Emphasis is given
to electrocardiography, pulmonary function and selected experimental techniques of value in
explicating the dynamics of cardiac activity.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in PH-4142
PH 4143
DIGESTION, METABOLISM AND ENDOCRINES
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course covers the motility, and the secretory, absorptive, and excretory functions of the
gastroenterological system and regulatory mechanisms of these processes. The course also covers the
nature of hormones and the regulation of their synthesis and distribution as well as their target effects.
Prerequisite: PH-4141
PH 4143L
DIGESTION, METABOLISM AND ENDOCRINES LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credits 1
This laboratory portion of the course PH-4143 is designed as a practical demonstration and quantitative
display and measurement of the basic phenomena of the isolated or intact gastroenterological and
endocrine systems.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in PH-4143
PH 5141
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, SPECIAL SENSES AND MUSCLES
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course presents a study of how the excitable and anatomical properties of muscle and the
peripheral and central nervous systems subserve communication between the internal components of
the body and between the body and its external environment.
Prerequisites: PH-4141 and AT-4102
PH 5141L
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, SPECIAL SENSES AND MUSCLES LABORATORY (0 + 2) credits 1
This laboratory portion of the course PH-5141 represents a demonstration of how the excitable
communicative properties of the neuromuscular and nervous systems can be quantitatively displayed
and measured.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in PH-5141
PH 5142
TOXICOLOGY
(3 + 0) credits 3
The mechanisms of the action of drugs and other substances on the body are considered. Emphasis is
given to those mechanisms whereby drugs restore deranged physiological function, and those
mechanisms whereby drugs and other substances produce deranged function.
Prerequisites: PH-4142 and PH-4143
DIVISION OF THE CLINICAL SCIENCES
The Division of the Clinical Sciences augments the training and knowledge gained through Basic Science
courses and brings them into clinical perspective. Through courses in diagnosis emphasizing physical,
laboratory, and special procedures, the student is prepared to examine patients and understand the
problems and diseases which will present themselves in the clinic and in practice. Through the study of
biomechanics and roentgenology the student adds to the usual diagnostic criteria special knowledge
which is particularly related to the physician’s discipline as a Doctor of Chiropractic. Courses in
chiropractic and physiological therapeutics train students not only in the mechanics of treatment but
also in the rationale of natural therapy with special emphasis on spinal adjustment and joint
manipulation which are historically associated with chiropractic.
As a primary physician, the Doctor of Chiropractic serves as a portal of entry for many patients into the
health care system. The D.C. must be trained to diagnose diseases and maladies which necessitate
health care which may be supplemental or alternative to that which falls within the scope of practice of
the Doctor of Chiropractic. The division of the Clinical Sciences, therefore, presents material in both
diagnosis and therapy beyond that which is strictly germane to the practice of chiropractic, but which is
essential for interaction with other health care professionals.
The departments of the division emphasize practical training. Through the Radiological Learning
Laboratory, the use of the heart sound simulator, practical experience in electrocardiography, the
physical and laboratory examination of students in diagnosis laboratory sessions, laboratory experience
in the use of various physiotherapy modalities, and above all, practice in the chiropractic technique
laboratories, the student learns by doing as well as by conventional lecture instruction. To augment
practical training, slide-tapes, videotapes, and similar materials in the Learning Resource Center are
used by students desiring additional opportunities to see and hear actual or simulated presentations of
patient complaints. Patient presentations in conference classes and involvement in examining students
as patients lead up to internship which occupies most of the student’s time in the ninth trimester and all
of the student’s time in the tenth semester.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOMECHANICS
Assistant Professor Charles C. Tasharski – Acting Chairman
Program Description
This department considers the kinesiological and biomechanical evaluation of human structure and
function. These studies form much of the basis for the application of the skilled manipulative
procedures which characterize the chiropractic profession. An understanding of the evaluation and
clinical importance of joint physiology, the role and importance of the neuromusculoskeletal systems in
maintaining posture, the counteracting effects of gravity, and other factors affecting body adaptation to
its environment is of paramount importance to a Doctor of Chiropractic. These studies form a basis for
much of diagnosis, particularly orthopedic diagnosis, and for many facets of chiropractic techniques and
physiological therapeutics.
Course Description:
BM 3501
INTRODUCTION TO BIOMECHANICS
(3 + 2) credits 4
Rachiology; Mechanics of Spinal Mobility;
Spinography; and Palpation
The chiropractic student requires a thorough understanding of the development, anatomy, and function
of the spine. This course provides background information as a basis for later courses in chiropractic
diagnosis, and manipulative techniques. The material presented emphasizes function and is correlated
with concurrent anatomy courses. Intervertebral mobility and the unique functional aspects of each
spinal region are dealt with in detail. Spinal and pelvic roentgenology, especially that which has been
designated “spinography” in chiropractic, are presented from the standpoint of their efficacy in
accurately depicting structure and function. The study of anomalies and “normal variants” of the spine
and pelvis, with emphasis on abberations of function which might result therefrom, forms an important
portion of this course. The major objective of the course is to bring about understanding of the
pathophysiology of spinal disease, especially the degenerative processes related to dysfunction.
Prerequisite: CH-3511
BM 4501
KINESIOLOGY
(3 + 3) credits 4
A comprehensive analysis of extravertebral articular movement with particular emphasis on bony,
ligamentous, and muscular interplay is presented in this course. The material is offered from two
vantage points: joint physiology and kinesiology. Special topics relating to chiropractic analysis of
posture are also presented in the labs. The objective of the course is to develop in the student a firm
understanding of joint (especially extravertebral) motion and kinesiological principles as a sound basis
upon which to differentiate normal from pathophysiological motion.
Prerequisite: BM-3501
DEPARTMENT OF CHIROPRACTIC
Assistant Professor Jonathan H. Griffiths – Chairman
Program Description
Chiropractic therapeutics emphasizes manipulative techniques. The National College of Chiropractic
teaches a full and diversified scope of chiropractic theory based upon biomechanical principles
correlated with an understanding of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. The technique courses taught
by this department develop skills which are utilized in caring for patients.
Course Description:
CH 3511
INTRODUCTION TO CHIROPRACTIC
(2 + 2) credits 3
This course introduces the student to the history, philosophical attitudes and organizations of
Chiropractic as a distinctive concept of health, a specialized branch of healing, and its relationships to
other primary health care delivery services. The course utilizes a seminar-type format and includes a
laboratory portion which introduces students to palpation and other psychomotor skills associated with
spinal examination.
Prerequisite: none
PH 4511
CLINICAL PRINCIPLES & BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS
(1 + 2) credits 2
The course embraces clinical theory and concepts related to anatomical, neurological and physiological
changes, including postural, static and motion examination procedures commonly used in practice.
Prerequisite: CH-3511
CH 4512
GENERAL CHIROPRACTIC TECHNIQUES
(1 + 4) credits 3
This course considers the general concepts of manipulation including development of proficiency in soft
tissue, spinal and pelvic techniques.
Prerequisites: CH-4511, BM-3501, and concurrent enrollment in AT-4102
CH 5511
SPECIFIC CHIROPRACTIC TECHNIQUES
(2+ 4) credits 4
A wide variety of specifically applied techniques related to the occiput, spine and pelvis forms the
content of this course, including study of specific neuromusculoskeletal syndromes.
Prerequisite: CH-4152
CH 5512
EXTRAVERTEBRAL TECHNIQUES
(1 + 2) credits 2
This course covers manipulative techniques of articulations outside the confines of the spinal column.
Athletic injuries, taping and bandaging procedures are also studied.
Prerequisite: CH-5511
CH 5513
CHIROPRACTIC REVIEW I
(0 + 1) credits 1
In the sixth trimester a one-hour per week review of techniques in a laboratory situation is correlated
with demonstration of techniques on selected patients by clinicians. Also, some clinical case history
reviews are presented.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in CH-5512
CH 6511
CHIROPRACTIC REVIEW II
(0 + 1) credits 1
In the seventh trimester a one-hour per week review of techniques in a laboratory situation is correlated
with demonstration of technique on selected patients by clinicians. Also, some clinical case history
reviews are considered.
Prerequisite: CH-5513
CH 6512
CHIROPRACTIC ORTHOPEDICS
(3 + 2) credits 4
In this course students study the diagnosis, chiropractic management and treatment or orthopedic
disorders involving the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine, pelvis, and extravertebral joints.
Prerequisite: CH-5513
CH 6513
CORRELATED CHIROPRACTIC TECHNIQUES AND PEDIATRIC
AND GERIATRIC METHODS
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course offers a correlated approach to chiropractic management of many human ailments.
General, specific and extravertebral manipulation are applied to clinical circumstances.
Pediatric and geriatric methods will be taught as separate and discreet considerations dealing with the
diagnosis and treatment of these special patients.
Prerequisites: AT-3106, DM-4501, CH-6511, MI-5121 and PA-5153 and successful completion of or
concurrent enrollment in DX-6535
DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL PRACTICE
Professor Leonard E. Fay – Acting Chairman
Program Description
The practice of chiropractic involves more than diagnosis and treatment of human ailments. It demands
skills in practice and patient management and an understanding of the emotional aspects of patient
care. As a clinician, the Doctor of Chiropractic emphasizes the role of the nervous system in the
prevention, care and treatment of human ailments. In practice, the chiropractic physician sees patients
representing a variety of disease processes common to all general practitioners of the healing arts. This
department provides a program designed to enhance the capacities of the graduate to provide proper,
holistic chiropractic care by offering specific courses in the clinical aspects of neurology, psychology and
emergency procedures. The student is also prepared for the sociological, legal, business, referral and
consultive aspects of general practice.
Course Descriptions:
CP 4521
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course considers the etiological factors, symptoms, psycho-dynamics and treatment of mental and
emotional disorders. Emphasis is given to the neurotic, psychophysiologic and psychotic disorders. An
understanding of the psycho-social influences on disorders and a sensitivity to the psychological need of
the patient are stressed. An evaluation is made of conjoining chiropractic therapeutics with
psychotherapy and mental health.
Prerequisite: none
CP 5521
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2 + 0) credits 2
This course covers the theory and practice of clinical psychology with emphasis on clinical research
psychodiagnostic methods, and psychotherapeutics techniques.
Prerequisite: CP-4521
CP 6521
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(3 + 2) credits 4
This course presents a study of neurological diseases and disorders, the procedures of the neurological
examination, the correlation of clinical neurological findings with other differential diagnostic data, and
the specific application of chiropractic management of patients with neurologic disorders.
Prerequisite: Successful completion of all courses prescribed in the first six trimesters
CP 6522
JURISPRUDENCE, ETHICS, BUSINESS AND OFFICE MANAGEMENT
(4 + 0) credits 4
This course offers a study of the legal and professional rights, duties, privileges and obligations of
practitioners of the various schools of healing, especially the chiropractic physician in general practice,
the professional ethics of practice and the elements of business practices and office management
procedures essential for the general practitioner entering private practice.
Prerequisite: Successful completion of all courses prescribed in the first seven trimesters
CP 6523
FIRST AID AND MINOR SURGERY
(2 + 0) credits 2
This course presents the concepts and procedures in the diagnosis, first aid and emergency measures
needed in the care of wounds, shock, hemorrhage, burns, unconsciousness, and other traumatic and
emergency situations.
Prerequisite: Successful completion of all courses prescribed in the first six trimesters.
CP 6523L
FIRST AID AND MINOR SURGERY LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credits 1
This is the laboratory portion of the course CP-6523 and represents a practical application of emergency
procedures such as cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, care of wounds, temporary closures, and the care of
other conditions requiring immediate attention.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in CP-6523
Elective
CP 3522
DOCTOR-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
(2 + 0) credits 2
In this course the student concentrates on the moralistic principles that constitute the individualistic
treatment of each patient as a human being.
Prerequisite: None
DEPARTMENT OF DIAGNOSIS
Associate Professor William H. Hogan – Chairman
Program Description
Diagnosis must form the basis for any therapeutic efforts in any healing art. Contemporary chiropractic
practice stresses diagnosis and the understanding of the disease or disorder which afflicts the patient.
This department teaches the student the standard methods of diagnostic procedures common to all
healing arts. Data from many sources: physical diagnosis – the use of auscultation, percussion,
palpation and inspection; clinical diagnosis – the study of the signs and symptoms of disease; and
laboratory diagnosis – chemical, microscopic, microbiological studies of blood, urine, secretions and
discharges – all lead to a differential diagnosis which involves the determination between diseases
which may have similar manifestations in a patient.
An understanding of the cardinal manifestations of disease is basic to the function of a Doctor of
Chiropractic as a portal of entry for patients into the health care delivery system.
Prerequisites to the enrollment in the initial courses in the Department of Diagnosis, namely Physical
Diagnosis and Laboratory Diagnosis, are as follows:
1. Successful completion of all anatomy courses in the curriculum; and
2. Successful completion of all pathology courses in the curriculum with the exception of PA-5133,
which course may be taken concurrently with Physical Diagnosis and Laboratory Diagnosis.
No exceptions to these prerequisites will be made without the express written consent of the Chairman
of the Department of Diagnosis, the Director of the Division of the Clinical Sciences and the Academic
Dean.
Course Descriptions:
DX 5531
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
(3 + 0) credits 3
This fundamental interpretation, application and correlation of laboratory findings in the analysis of
blood, urine, feces and other secretions and discharges of the body are the topics considered in this
course.
Prerequisites: Students must have fulfilled the prerequisites as stated above for entrance into the
courses contained within the Department of Diagnosis. Concurrent enrollment in DX-5531L, DX-4432,
and DX-5532L
DX 5531L
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS LABORATORY
(0 + 3) credit 1
This laboratory portion of the course DX-5531 offers instruction in the practical application of
preparation techniques and the analysis of the results of some of the more common and routine
laboratory procedures and tests.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in DX-5531
DX 5532
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS
(4 + 0) credits 4
This course introduces the student to the methods, instruments and procedures that are used to
perform clinical evaluations of patients. Emphasis is placed on the interpretation and evaluation of
normal and abnormal physical findings as noted within patients.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in DX-5531
DX 5532L
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credit 1
This laboratory portion of the course DX-5532 offers the practical application by the student of the
instruments and procedures that are utilized in the physical examination of patients.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in DX-5532
DX 6531
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS: CARDIOVASCULAR
AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course represents a study of the clinical presentations and diagnostic aspects of functional and
organic cardiovascular diseases and disorders of the bronchopulmonary system. Emphasis is given to
the correlation of physical, clinical and other diagnostic findings in the context of general chiropractic
practice. Aspects of chiropractic management are stressed.
Prerequisites: DX-5531 and DX-5532
DX 6532
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS:
Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Systems,
Gynecology and Obstetrics
(5 + 0) credits 5
This course is a study of the etiology, diagnosis and differential diagnosis and the therapeutic aspects of
the diseases of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary and female reproductive systems. The student
receives a correlation between the physical, laboratory and gynecologic examinations as related to the
diseases of these particular systems. Also included are the diagnosis and chiropractic management of
the obstetrical patient.
Prerequisites: DX-5531, DX-5532 and concurrent enrollment in DX-6532L
DX 6532L
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS:
Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Systems,
Gynecology and Obstetrics Laboratory
(0 + 1) credits 0
This laboratory portion of the course DX-6532 considers radiographic examinations as they relate to the
gastrointestinal, genitourinary and female reproductive systems.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in DX-6532
DX 6533
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS:
Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course is concerned with the diagnosis and management of diseases of the eye, ear, nose and
throat which the chiropractic physician may be called upon to diagnose and treat.
Prerequisites: DX-5531 and DX-5532
DX 6534
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS:
Dermatology
(1 + 0) credits 1
Common diseases of the skin which might be found in the general practice of chiropractic are discussed.
Emphasis is placed on the diagnosis and management of these disorders.
Prerequisites: DX-5531 and DX-5532
DX 6535
CLINICAL PRACTICUM
(1 + 1) credits 1
In a clinical setting, physical examinations are performed by the student. Emphasis here is placed on
proper clinical methods and procedures while using the various diagnostic instruments.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of CP-6521 and all other diagnosis courses excluding DX-7535
DX 7535
CLINICAL CONFERENCE
(4 + 0) credits 4
This course is a presentation of actual clinical cases and review of diagnostic and therapeutic
procedures. Patients and patient records are presented for review and discussion with a panel of faculty
members. The student is given insight into the proper work-up and management of special presenting
situations.
Prerequisites: Successful completion of all courses required for clinic entrance.
Note: DX-5531 and DX-5531L are considered a single course for the purpose of earning grade and
credit. The grades in each are combined to determine one final grade and this one grade is recorded for
the course. The same is true for: DX-5532 and DX-5532L, and DX-6532 and DX-6532L.
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS
Assistant Professor Paul A. Jaskoviak – Acting Chairman
Program Description
Physiological therapeutics is that aspect of chiropractic practice which involves the diagnosis and
therapeutic treatment of dysfunctions of the body utilizing natural and/or physical forms of healing. In
this regard, among the means considered are light, water, electricity, heat, cold, mechanical devices,
exercise, clinical nutrition, and various other modalities which comprise a portion of the therapeutic
armamentarium of the chiropractic physician.
The therapeutic rationale which is stressed is holistic in nature, the objective being to increase the
functional and physiological capability of the body and tissue resistance to factors tending to interfere
with the maintenance of homeostasis.
Course Descriptions:
PT 5541
PRINCIPLES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS
(3 + 0) credits 3
This course introduces the student to physiological therapeutics. The physics and the primary physical
and secondary physiological effects of modalities and the indications and contraindications for their use
are stressed. Topics discussed include thermotherapy, cryotherapy, low voltage galvanic and faradic
currents, electrodiagnosis, the physics of electromagnetic energy, actinotherapy, short wave and
microwave diathermy, ultrasound, traction, hydrotherapy, and massage. Therapeutic exercises are also
considered.
Prerequisites: AT-4102, PH-4143, BM-4501 and CH-4511
PT 6541
MERIDIAN THERAPY AND PAIN CONTROL
(2 + 0) credits 2
This theoretical basis for pain control and meridian therapy procedures are considered. The first part of
the course emphasizes the physiological basis of pain, its evaluation, and principles for its management.
Primary emphasis is given to methods currently utilized in the control of pain including medical and
surgical management, clinical hypnosis, and biofeedback. The second part of the course is an
introduction to meridian therapy and its utilization in the control of pain.
Prerequisites: PT-5541, CP-5521 AND PH-5141
PT 6542
CORRELATED PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS
(3 + 0) credits 3
In this course the primary emphasis is on the correlation and utilization of the adjustive, manipulative,
supportive, physiological, and other forms of therapeutics and rehabilitation in the management of
patients with a variety of disorders.
Included is a methodical review of each of the body’s systems and a discussion of how to best manage
abnormal conditions in selected areas of the body. Considered are abnormal conditions of the cervical,
thoracic, shoulder, and lumbar regions as well as the upper and lower extremities. Respiratory disorders
and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are also discussed.
Prerequisites: PT-5541, PT-6541 and concurrent enrollment in PT-6542L
PT 6542L
PHYSIOLOGICAL THERAPEUTICS LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credits 1
This laboratory portion of the course PT-6542 is a practicum in the utilization of a wide variety of
physiological therapeutic modalities.
Primary emphasis is given to the application of heat and cold, hydrotherapy, sine waves, ultrasound,
diathermy and microthermy, ultraviolet and infrared radiations, traction, paraffin, the G-5, the
myofascitron, the use of crutches, wheel chairs, braces, and supports, and therapeutic exercises.
Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in PT-6542
Elective
PT 7541
MERIDIAN THERAPY/ACUPUNCTURE
(3 + 2) credits 4
This course considers the theoretical and practical basis for pain control with emphasis on acupuncture
and other meridian therapeutic procedures.
Included is a study of the Oriental systems of healing, Oriental diagnosis, and the practical application of
meridian therapy procedures.
Primary emphasis is given to the use of acupuncture for the control of pain and pain syndromes.
Discussion, demonstrations, and practical sessions include training in the use of acupuncture for treating
diseases of the body and controlling weight and smoking.
Prerequisite: PT-6542
DEPARTMENT OF ROENTGENOLOGY
Professor Michael T. Buehler – Chairman
Program Description
X-Ray is an important diagnostic tool for the chiropractic physician and therefore receives significant
emphasis in the technological and interpretive areas. Classroom and laboratory experiences are
provided, and there is continuous supervised training during the internship program.
In addition to regular roentgenology courses, Roentgenological presentations are made in certain
diagnosis and biomechanics classes to correlate anatomical, physiological and pathological findings with
radiographic manifestations.
Three imperatives are recognized, and special emphasis is placed upon them throughout the
Roentgenological training. Thee imperatives are:
1. Technological excellence – proper x-ray interpretation depends upon the production of
radiographs of the finest quality;
2. Radiological protection and safety – measures for patient and operator protection are taught
and emphasized throughout classroom, laboratory, and clinical training; and
3. Principles of interpretation – emphasis is placed upon normal radiographic anatomy with major
emphasis on the areas of osseous and joint interpretation. However, inasmuch as x-ray
examination of all body parts and systems falls within the interest of every physician, a broad
concept is presented within which the student gains a full appreciation of differential diagnosis
and competency in the recognition of specific abnormal findings.
Course Descriptions:
XR 3551
NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY I
(1 + 0) credit 1
The basic radiographic anatomy of the extremities is correlated with material in AT-3102. Radiographs
are also supplied in the gross anatomy laboratory.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in AT-3102L
XR 3552
NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY II
(1 + 0) credit 1
The basic radiographic anatomy of the viscera and axial skeleton is correlated with material in AT-3103.
Radiographs are also supplied in the gross anatomy laboratory.
Prerequisites: XR-3551 and concurrent enrollment in AT-3103L
XR 4551
X-RAY PHYSICS AND RADIATION PROTECTION
(2 + 0) credits 2
The physical principles underlying the production of a high quality radiograph are presented including
the basic production of x-rays, their interaction with matter, and the factors related to the production of
the radiographic image. The biological effects of ionizing radiation are discussed in conjunction with the
practical aspects of radiation protection.
Prerequisites: none
XR 4551L
X-RAY PHYSICS AND RADIATION PROTECTION LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credit 1
A number of supervised experiments are performed in the radiological learning laboratory where actual
phantom exposures are made in the Faxitron oven x-ray instrument. This is the laboratory portion of
the course XR-4551
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in XR-4551
XR 5551
NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY III
(1 + 0) credit 1
This course consists of a one-hour lecture session per week for further study and review of the
radiographic depiction of normal anatomy. It is presented as follow-up of the radiological portions of
AT-3012 and AT-3101. Students study normal radiographs in the radiological learning laboratory.
Prerequisites: XR-3551 and XR-3552
XR 5551L
NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY III LABORATORY
(0 + 1) credit 0
The radiological learning laboratory is utilized for one hour per week for actual film study and marking.
This is the laboratory portion of the course XR-5551.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in XR-5551
XR 5552
FUNDAMENTALS OF INTERPRETATION
(2 + 0) credits 2
The development of a systematic and logical approach to the detection of pathologies on plain film
radiographs is stressed. There is developed an orderly film reading search pattern correlated with
related clinical findings. Anomalies, normal tissue variants, and pathological changes in bone, joint, and
soft tissues of the various body areas and systems are presented.
Prerequisites: XR-4551 and XR-5551
XR 5552L
FUNDAMENTALS OF INTERPRETATION LABORATORY
(0 + 2) credit 1
In this laboratory portion of the course XR-5552, sessions afford the student a practice opportunity to
develop appropriate and orderly approaches to the detection of pathologies on plain film radiographs.
Students study actual radiographs of the pathologies presented in XR-5552 in conjunction with the
clinical findings associated with each radiograph.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in XR-5552
XR 6551
ROENTGENOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION:
Chest, Skull and Sinuses
(2 + 0) credits 2
A basic review of the chest, skull and sinus areas is presented and students are made aware that
knowledge of the normal radiographic anatomy of these areas is essential for an understanding of the
radiographic depiction and localization of area pathologies. Clinical findings are correlated with a
discussion of abnormal Roentgenological signs and specific conditions. Follow-up diagnostic procedures
are discussed.
Prerequisites: XR-5552
XR 6551L
ROENTGENOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION LABORATORY:
Chest, Skull and Sinuses
(0 + 2) credit 1
In this laboratory portion of the course XR-6551, students review radiographs of the normal chest, skull
and sinus areas, and selected pathologies of these areas are studied using radiographs of and clinical
findings in actual cases.
Prerequisites: Concurrent enrollment in XR-6551
XR 6552
ROENTGENOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION:
Orthopedic
(2 + 0) credits 2
Various types of arthritic disorders and related connective tissue diseases are discussed with emphasis
on their radiographic manifestations. Traumatic disorders are presented with particular emphasis on
osseous, joint and para-articular alterations.
Prerequisite: XR-5552
XR 6552L
ROENTGENOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION LABORATORY:
Orthopedic
(0 + 2) credit 1
In this laboratory portion of the course XR-6552, students study actual radiographs of patients with
various types of arthritic disorders and related connective tissue diseases as well as radiographs of
traumatic disorders depicting osseous, joint and para-articular alterations.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in XR-6552
XR 6553
RADIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY
(2 + 2) credits 3
This course considers the practical parameters of x-ray technology, including patient positioning,
technique calculations, instrument operation, film processing and other pertinent phases of technology.
In the radiological learning laboratory, students gain experience in the practical application of routine
roentgenological procedures.
Prerequisite: Concurrent enrollment in XR-6552
NOTE: XR-5551 and XR-5551L; XR-5552 and XR-5552L; XR-6551 and XR-6551L; and XR-6552 and XR6552L are considered a single course for the purpose of earning grade and credit. The grades in each
are combined to determine one final grade and this one grade is recorded for each course. XR-4551 and
XR-4551L are given separate grades.
THE NATIONAL-LINCOLN SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION
Assistant Professor Paul A. Jaskoviak – Dean
The National-Lincoln School of Postgraduate Education is a division of the National College of
Chiropractic dedicated to offering accredited postgraduate educational programs for the Doctor of
Chiropractic to maintain present-day general practice expertise and to allow for clinical specialty
advancement. Following the example set by other National College divisions, the postgraduate division
is structured according to specific objectives of academic excellence and answerable to its various
accrediting agencies.
APPROVALS AND ACCREDITIATION
The National-Lincoln School of Postgraduate Education is an accredited division of the National College
of Chiropractic, and follows the standards of those agencies approving or accrediting the College as a
composite institution such as The Standards for Chiropractic Continuing Education of the Council on
Chiropractic Education.
Initially, the postgraduate division is required to submit a separate application for approval to the
Council on Chiropractic Education and is thereafter subject to inspection according to specified standars
of organization and operation.
POSTGRADUATE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Postgraduate educational programs of the College include credit and non-credit courses of instruction
taken as residencies or on an extension basis. Currently the College does not offer any correspondence
course program, either undergraduate, graduate or postgraduate. Further information may be obtained
by writing the Postgraduate Division of the College.
The following is a listing of currently available programs and courses under the auspicies of the NationalLincoln School of Postgraduate Education, a Division of the national College of Chiropractic.
CHIROPRACTIC DIAGNOSIS
Program Description:
This is a three academic-year residency in Chiropractic Family Practice or extension program designed
for doctors of chiropractic in general practice or about to enter general practice. It is designed to
augment the physician’s knowledge of examination procedures and the diagnosis of internal disorders
of the human body. The objective of the course of study is to further prepare the physician to program
and implement therapeusis or refer.
Chiropractic Diagnosis Course Descriptions:
Number
9001
9002
9003
9004
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
9010
Title
Hours
Physical Examination Procedures and Diagnosis ............................................................. 12, 36
Clinical Laboratory Procedure and Diagnosis .................................................................. 12, 36
Diagnosis of Nutritional, Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders .............................................. 36
Diagnosis of Physical, Chemical and Biological Agent Disorders ........................................... 36
Diagnosis of Cardiovascular-Respiratory Disorders ............................................................... 36
Diagnosis of Neuromusculoskeletal Disorders ...................................................................... 36
Diagnosis of Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders ................................................................. 36
Clinical Pediatrics and Diagnosis of Childhood Disorders ...................................................... 36
Clinical Gerontology and Diagnosis of Geriatric Disorders .................................................... 36
Electrocardiography-Procedure and Interpretation .............................................................. 36
CHIROPRACTIC ROENTGENOLOGY
Program Description:
This is a three academic-year residency in Chiropractic Roentgenology or extension program designed
for doctors of chiropractic seeking to increase their proficiency in roentgenology or those desiring
specialty council qualification (diplomate status with the American Chiropractic Board of
Roentgenology). These courses concentrate on the examination and diagnosis of disorders of the
human body by x-ray.
Chiropractic Roentgenology Course Descriptions:
Number
9101
9102
9103
9104
9105
9106
9107
9108
9111
9112
9113
9114
9115
9116
9119
9120
Title
Hours
Essentials of Roentgenologic Procedure and Diagnosis ........................................................ 36
Roentgenology of the Musculoskeletal System I:
Congenital, Developmental and Traumatic Disorders........................................................... 36
Roentgenology of the Musculoskeletal System II:
Pathological Alterations of Bones and Joints ........................................................................ 36
Roentgenology of the Musculoskeletal System III:
Postural Roentgenology and Spinography ............................................................................ 36
Roentgenology of the Cardiovascular-Respiratory System ................................................... 36
Roentgenology of the Gastrointestinal System ..................................................................... 36
Roentgenology of the Abdomen and Genitourinary System ................................................ 36
Neurologic Roentgenology and Specialty Roentgenologic Disorders ................................... 36
Radiological Aspects of the Non-Pathological Spine ............................................................. 36
The Postural Complex and An Experience in Spinal Biomechanics ....................................... 12
The Radiology of Trauma ................................................................................................. 12, 50
Common Osseous Pathologies of the Spine and Pelvis ......................................................... 12
Radiographic Changes Associated With the Arthritides .................................................. 12, 50
Chest Pathology ..................................................................................................................... 50
Image Intensification and Tomography ................................................................................. 36
Studies in the Radiological Learning Laboratory ................................................................... 12
CHIROPRACTIC ORTHOPEDICS
Program Description:
This program concentrates on the diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders of the human body and their
physiatric management. Each thirty-six (36) hour course is presented on an extension basis in three (3)
weekend lecture-laboratory sessions of twelve (12) class hours each. Credit for courses comprising this
certificate program is given on the basis of successful “course challenge” (attainment of a course
examination grade of no less than 80%). Successful completion of at least three hundred (300) hours of
instruction qualifies the doctor to sit for the examination required of those seeking diplomate status in
Chiropractic Orthopedics.
Chiropractic Orthopedics Course Descriptions:
Number
9201
9203
9001
9101
9002
9202
9204
9205
9206
9207
9208
9210
9211
Title
Hours
The Ratings of Physical Impairment for Disability Evaluation ............................................... 36
General Orthopedics II: Neurological Examination Procedures and
Neurological Diagnosis .................................................................................................... 12, 36
Physical Examination Procedures and Diagnosis ................................................................... 36
Orthopedic Roentgenology (Procedure and Diagnosis) ........................................................ 36
Clinical Laboratory Procedures and Diagnosis....................................................................... 36
General Orthopedics I: Disorders (Congenital-Developmental, Musculoskeletal-Joint,
Systemic, Neoplastic, Peripheral Vascular, and Unclassified) ............................................... 36
Regional Orthopedics I: The Cervical Spine and Cervicobrachial Regions ............................ 36
Regional Orthopedics II: The Lumbar Spine, Pelvis & Hip .................................................... 36
Regional Orthopedics III: The Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist & Hand ............................................. 36
Regional Orthopedics IV: The Knee, Ankle and Foot ............................................................ 36
Workshops in the Application of Rigid and Non-Rigid Orthopedic Appliances ..................... 36
Correlative Orthopedic Evaluation and Management........................................................... 36
Clinical Electromyography ..................................................................................................... 36
CHIROPRACTIC CLINICAL PRACTICE
Program Description:
This is a three academic-year residency or extension program designed for doctors of chiropractic in
general practice. The courses comprising this program are eligible to be considered for inclusion among
those required for license renewal qualifications. The courses concentrate on therapy programming and
treatment of disorders of the human body utilizing manual therapeutics and physical agents such as
light, heat, cold, water, electricity and mechanical apparatuses.
Chiropractic Clinical Practice Course Descriptions:
Number
9301
9302
9303
9304
9305
9305A
9306
9307
9308
9309
9310
9311
9315
Title
Hours
Patient Evaluation and Physical Therapy Procedure ............................................................. 36
Therapeutic Exercise, Massage and Manipulation ................................................................ 36
Correlative Chiropractic Physiotherapeutic Management .............................................. 12, 36
Clinical Dietetics and Nutritional Management............................................................. 12, 120
Meridian Therapy-Acupuncture .......................................................................................... 108
Advanced Acupuncture ......................................................................................................... 60
Management of Clinical emergencies ................................................................................... 36
The Management of Athletic Injuries .................................................................................... 48
Insurance Relations and Medico-Legal Practice .............................................................. 12, 36
Comprehensive Chiropractic Health Care Services ............................................................... 36
Natural Therapeutic Procedures............................................................................................ 12
The Arthritides ....................................................................................................................... 39
Integrated Health and Education Seminal Workshop ........................................................... 20
CHIROPRACTIC NEUROLOGY
Program Description:
This is a three academic-year residency or extension program designed for doctors of chiropractic who
are in general practice or who are preparing themselves for educational and/or research positions. The
courses comprising this program treat of the examination of the nervous system and the diagnosis of
neurologic disorders of the human body.
Chiropractic Neurology Course Descriptions:
Number
9401
9402
9403
9404
9405
9406
9407
Title
Hours
Functional Neuroanatomy and Pathophysiology of the Nervous System ............................. 36
Clinical Encephalography and Electromyography ................................................................. 36
Vascular, Infectious and Degenerative Disorders of the Nervous System ............................ 36
Neoplastic, Atrophic, and Dystrophic Disorders of the Nervous System .............................. 36
Traumatic Disorders of the Nervous System and Meningocerebrospinal Fluid Disorders ... 36
Clinical Psychology and Psychiatric Disorders ....................................................................... 36
Neurological Diagnosis and Diseases ..................................................................................... 50
CHIROPRACTIC AND BIOMECHANICS
Program Description:
This series of courses is designed for those doctors of chiropractic who desire to broaden their base of
knowledge in selected areas and to learn of recent developments in these areas.
Chiropractic and biomechanics Course Descriptions:
Number
9501
9502
9503
9504
9505
9506
9507
9508
9509
Title
Hours
Spinal Manipulative Techniques ............................................................................................ 12
Manipulation: Extraspinal ..................................................................................................... 12
Exercise Therapy in Chiropractic Care ................................................................................... 12
Gross Anatomy and Orthopedics of the Spine ...................................................................... 12
Gross Anatomy and Orthopedics of the Extremities ............................................................. 12
Postural Biomechanical Studies ............................................................................................. 12
Biomechanics of the Spine..................................................................................................... 12
Biomechanics of the Extremities ........................................................................................... 12
Applied Kinesiology................................................................................................................ 72