Annex 3 Soil Erosion Control Plan
1.
Overall Arrangement for Soil Erosion Control
The overall erosion control measures shall be determined for each protection zone
according to the principles of the arrangement of erosion control. The overall layout of
erosion control measures for the full line is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Overall Layout of Soil Erosion Control Measures along the New Rapid Railway from
Zhangjiakou to Hohhot
Control zones
Hilly
area
Subgrade
works
Control objects
Conservation and prevention measures
Subgrade slope
Retaining wall shall be located by using frame
bolt and shaller to protect the deep cutting. Frame
slope protection and vegetation measures shall be
combined to protect subgrade slope, with
vegetation measures mainly being slope shrubs,
planting shrubs and grasses within the frame,
etc.; and engineering measures are frame slope
protection with water cut-off and drainage
channels, mortar rubble slope protection and
subgrade drainage works, etc.
Both sides of
subgrade
Mainly plant-based measures, with shrubs inside
and trees outside, and natural recovery of both
sides of the subgrade shall be paid attention to.
Subgrade stripped Temporary protective measures shall be taken on
topsoil
the temporary stockpiling field of the stripped
topsoil in the subgrade.
Station
Station
Engineering measures are mainly station slope
protection and drainage works; plant measures
are landscaping design combining trees, shrubs,
flowers and grass to beautify the environment
and improve soil and water conservation.
Stripped topsoil in Temporary protective measures shall be taken on
the station
the temporary stockpiling field of stripped topsoil
in the station site.
Bridge and Bridge and culvert Mortar rubble slope shall be used for the bridge
culvert
cone slope and river bank; cofferdam shall be set
works
up and removed, and temporary protective
measures shall be strengthened.
Tunnel
Tunnel
Mortar rubble masonry shall be used for the side
invert slope and gutter in the tunnel entrance,
and water cut-off and drainage measures shall be
taken.
EarthEarth-fetching field When the construction is completed, protection
fetching field
measures to spread grass seed and plant shrubs
shall be taken, and temporary protective
measures shall be strengthened for the stripped
topsoil on the earth-fetching field.
Spoil
Spoil (ballast) field Engineering measures and plant measures shall
(ballast) field
be combined. Retaining walls and drains shall be
installed, and topsoil cover measures shall be
taken; grass seed shall be spread or shrubs be
planted for natural recovery of spoil (ballast)
body; and temporary protective measures shall
be enhanced for spoil, and stripped topsoil in the
disposable ballast.
Construction
sidewalk
Construction
sidewalk
Production Construction site,
and living
camp
area in
construction
Plain
area
Subgrade
works
It shall be remained for local use or maintenance
of roads according to the actual situation. The
sidewalk which is not used shall be cleaned up
and leveled when the construction is finished, and
grass seeds shall be spread for natural recovery.
After the construction, the garbage site and
hardening space shall be cleaned, and the surface
shall be leveled; plant recovery measures shall be
taken according to the actual situation.
Subgrade slope
Frame slope protection and plant measures shall
be combined for the slope protection of the
subgrade, with plant measures being shrubs
planted at the slope, shrubs planted in the frame
and seeding grass, etc. and engineering measures
being frame slope protection with water cut-off
and drainage channels, mortar rubble slope
protection and subgrade drainage works.
Both sides of
subgrade
Mainly plant-based measures, with shrubs inside
and trees outside, and natural recovery of both
sides of the subgrade shall be paid attention to.
Subgrade stripped Temporary protective measures shall be taken on
topsoil
the temporary stockpiling field of the stripped
topsoil in the subgrade.
Station
Station
Engineering measures are mainly station slope
protection and drainage works; plant measures
are landscaping design combining trees, shrubs,
flowers and grass to beautify the environment
and improve soil and water conservation.
Stripped topsoil in Temporary protective measures shall be taken on
the station
the temporary stockpiling field of stripped topsoil
in the station site.
Bridge and Bridge and culvert Mortar rubble slope shall be used for the bridge
culvert
cone slope and river bank; cofferdam shall be set
works
up and removed, and temporary protective
measures shall be strengthened.
Tunnel
Tunnel
Mortar rubble masonry shall be used for the side
invert slope and gutter in the tunnel entrance,
and water cut-off and drainage measures shall be
taken.
EarthEarth-fetching field When the construction is completed, protection
fetching field
measures to spread grass seed and plant shrubs
shall be taken, and temporary protective
measures shall be strengthened for the stripped
topsoil on the earth-fetching field.
Spoil
Spoil (ballast) field Engineering measures and plant measures shall
(ballast) field
be combined. Retaining walls and drains shall be
installed, and topsoil cover measures shall be
taken; grass seed shall be spread or shrubs be
planted for natural recovery of spoil (ballast)
body; and temporary protective measures shall
be enhanced for spoil, and stripped topsoil in the
disposable ballast.
Construction
sidewalk
Production
and living
area in
construction
Construction
sidewalk
It shall be remained for local use or maintenance
of roads according to the actual situation. The
sidewalk which is not used shall be cleaned up
and leveled when the construction is finished, and
grass seeds shall be spread for natural recovery.
Production and After the construction, the garbage site and
living area in
hardening space shall be cleaned, and the surface
construction
shall be leveled; plant recovery measures shall be
taken according to the actual situation.
Frame slope protection and plant measures shall
be combined for the slope protection of the
subgrade, with plant measures being shrubs
planted at the slope, shrubs planted in the frame
and seeding grass, etc. and engineering measures
being frame slope protection with water cut-off
and drainage channels, mortar rubble slope
protection and subgrade drainage works.
2.
Subgrade Protection Measures
2.1 Subgrade Protection
To reduce soil erosion resulted from subgrade filling and excavation and to ensure the
safety of the subgrade project, the line of subgrade has been reinforced and appropriate
measures such as retaining wall protection, slope protection by framework or mortar
rubble revetment, arched or square slope, planted tank, and new soil grass have been take
based on the characteristics of subgrade in different segments. In addition, appropriate
drainage system has been designed.
(1)
General subgrade slope protection
If the height of the subgrade slope <3.0m, hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted
shrubs shall be used; if the height of the slope≥ 3.0m, a layer of two-way geogrid with a limit
tensile strength of not less than 25.0kN/m shall be laid every a filling of 0.6m within the
width of 3.0m at the outer section of the slope, C25 concrete hollow brick with new soil
grass + planted shrubs in water disconnection framework shall be used for slope protection.
The main frame shall be 0.6m thick, and C25 concrete masonry shall be used for the water
disconnection tank. The interface between the subgrade surface drainage and slope
drainage shall be paid attention to. Three-dimensional ecological bags may be considered
for the protection of city road segments, scenic areas and ecologically sensitive areas. If the
slope of the subgrade height is greater than 8.0m, a different slope rate shall be taken
according to the filling height. It is 1:1.5 for the slope of 0 ~ 8.0m, 1:1.75 for the slope of 8.0
~ 12.0m, and 1:2.0 for the slope below 12 m; and a 2.0m wide platform will be located at
12.0m for the slope. New soil grass and planted shrubs in the hollow bricks in C25 concrete
arch water disconnection frame will be used for the slope of 0 ~ 12.0m under the shaller,
and dry stone revetment or prefabricated solid block revetment will be used for the side
slope below 12.0m.
(2) High subgrade slope protection
If the slope height exceeds 12m, the slope rate is 1:1.5 for 0 ~ 8.0m, 1:1.75 for 8.0 ~12.0m,
1:2.0 for the height below 12 m. A 2.0m-wide platform will be located at 12.0m for the slope.
New soil grass and planted shrubs in the hollow bricks in C25 concrete arch water
disconnection frame will be used for the slope of 0 ~ 12.0m under the shaller, and dry stone
revetment or prefabricated solid block revetment will be used for the side slope below
12.0m. C25 concrete or rubble foot wall of concrete will be positioned at the slope. Gravity
retaining wall may be located at some high-fill subgrades with less arable land to reduce the
use of farmland.
(3) General graben slope protection
1） For the cutting slope of general clay and all-weathered layer, if the height of the slope is less
than 3.0m, hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted shrubs shall be used for protection;
if the height is equal to or greater than 3.0m, hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted
shrubs in C25 concrete water disconnection frame shall be used for protection.
2） For gravel soil, sandy soil cutting slope, hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted
shrubs in C25 concrete arched or square grass window shall be used for protection.
3） For strong-weak weathered soft rock cutting slope whose height is less than 8.0m, hollow
bricks with new soil grass and planted shrubs in C25 concrete water disconnection frame
shall be used for protection; if the height is greater than 8.0m, hollow bricks with new soil
grass and planted shrubs in C25 concrete arch or square grass window shall be used for the
lower side slope for protection, hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted shrubs in C25
concrete water disconnection frame shall be used for the most upper side slope for
protection.
4） For strong-weak weathered hard rock cutting slope, if the slope height is less than 8.0m,
hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted shrubs in C25 concrete arch or square grass
window shall be used for protection; if the height is greater than 8.0m, hollow bricks with
new soil grass and planted shrubs in the retaining wall of C25 concrete hollow window shall
be used at the bottom, while hollow bricks with new soil grass + planted shrubs in C25
concrete arched or square grass window shall be used at the upper slope for protection.
Weakly- sligthly hard rock cutting: in general, the height of the slope is controlled within
30.0m, and M10 mortar rubbles will be embedded for the slope. Hollow bricks with new soil
grass will be used for the protection in the concrete grass window or anchor rod and cable
within the framework.
5） In the lots with absence of A, B group packing, if the cutting soil is sand gravel, hard rock,
large platform shall be reserved for the foot and side slope of cutting slope, with one level
every 8.0 ~ 10.0m, and the slope rate shall be reduced accordingly. C25 concrete grass
window shall be used for the slope protection.
6） The types of water disconnection frame slope protection are arch, herringbone and box
types. They shall be used based on the soil quality of the slope and the requirement for
erosion prevention combined with landscape demand. The spacing between the main frame
and the arch shall be 3.0m. For the general soil and soft rock cutting, the main frame is
0.65m thick, and the supporting frame is 0.4m thick; for very soft rock, red clay, swelling
(rock) soil cutting, the main frame is 0.8m thick, and the supporting frame is 0.6m thick.
7） Planting tanks in which japanesecreepers and evergreen low shrubs are planted shall be
located at the platform of the side trenches in the cutting where retaining wall, pile wall and
protection wall are located and the platform from the flooding closed slope lot to the
drainage.
(4) Deep cutting slope protection
If the height of soil and soft rock cutting slope exceeds 12.0m, and of hard rock slope
exceeds 20.0m, the deep cutting shall be designed, and reinforced protection works shall be
set.
1） Gravity retaining wall shall be used in the close of the slope for soil and completely
weathered rock cutting, and the height of the retaining wall shall not exceed 4.0m. The
measures of slope protection refer to slope subgrade. If the slope height is greater than
15.0m, stratified excavation shall be considered for hierarchical reinforcement or prestrengthening of the lowest part of the slope.
2） In the lots where the slope height of soft rock cutting and hard weathered rock cutting is not
more than 18.0m and there is no adverse impact on the structure surface, retaining wall,
concrete window grass slope and framework anchored rod shall be used for protection. The
height of the retaining wall shall not be greater than 6.0m. In the lots where the slope height
is greater than 18.0m or there is adverse impact of the structure surface or broken lithology,
stratified excavation shall be considered for hierarchy reinforcement or pre- reinforcement
of the lowest part of the slope, such as prestressed cables, pre-reinforced piles and sheet
pile walls. In general, the height of the slope shall be controlled within 25.0m. As the strata
of the hard rock along this line is old, the joints are developed and the rocks are crushing,
grass window wall shall be used for the slope or the slope shall be closed.
3） The slope rate for excavation of the cutting slope of weakly–slightly weathered hard rock
shall be determined based on rock lithology, degree of weathering, level, geological
structure, groundwater and required allocation of earth and stone. If the slope height is not
greater than 24.0m and there are no lots with adverse impact on the structure surface,
retaining wall, concrete grass window slope, wall and frame anchored rod shall be used for
protection, with the height of the retaining wall not greater than 8.0m. If the height of the
wall exceeds 6.0m, temporary shotcrete shall be taken for the excavated slope of the back of
the wall. If the slope height is greater than 24.0m or there are lots with adverse side effects
of structure and broken lithology, stratified excavation shall be considered for hierarchical
reinforcement or pre-strengthening of the foot of the slope. The slope height of weak–slight
weathered hard rock cutting shall, in general, be controlled within 30.0m. Finishing or presplit blasting shall be used for the slope within the thickness of 3.0m, and M10 mortar
rubbles shall be embedded. Hollow bricks with new soil grass shall be used inside the
concrete grass windows or frame anchored rods and cables.
4） Planting tanks in which japanesecreepers and evergreen low shrubs are planted shall be
located at the platform of the side trenches in the cutting where retaining wall, pile wall and
protection wall are located and the platform from the foot of the flooding closed slope lot to
the drainage.
5） In the lots with absence of A, B group packing, if the cutting soil is sand gravel or hard rock,
depressed road's extension shall be designed and large platform shall be reserved for the
foot and side slope of cutting slope, with one level every 8.0 ~ 10.0m, and the slope rate
shall be reduced accordingly. C25 concrete grass window shall be used for the slope
protection.
(5) Expansion rock (soil) cutting slope protection
1） The slope design of expansion rock (soil) excavation shall follow the principle of "reduced
slope rate, wide platform, reinforced toe, enhanced drainage and appropriate slope
protection". The excavation height shall be generally controlled within 15.0m. The rating of
the slope height shall not be more than 6.0m. If the slope height of the cutting is less than
10.0m, the slope rate is generally 1:1.75 for weak swelling rock (soil), 1:2.0 for moderate
swelling rock (soil), and 1:2.25 - 1:2.5 for strong expansion rock (soil). The width of the
slope platform shall not be less than 2.0m for weak expansion rock (soil), and not less than
3.0m for medium and strong expansion rock (soil).
2） If the slope height of the cutting is less than 3.0m, the use of hollow bricks with new soil
grass + planted shrubs shall be made for protection; if the slope height is greater than 3.0m
but less than 10.0m, the use of hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted shrubs in C25
concrete water disconnection frame (expansion soil) or C25 concrete grass window
(expansion rock) shall be made for protection; if the slope height is equal to or greater than
10.0m, a platform in a width of 3.0 ~ 6.0m shall be located at the slope of expansive soil
cutting, hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted shrubs in C25 concrete water
disconnection frame combined with supporting sewer shall be used for protection; if the
slope is equal to or greater than 10.0m, hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted
shrubs in framework anchoring rod (or anchoring cable) combined with supporting sewer
shall be used for the protection of the slope of expansion rock. The thickness of the main
frame of the C25 concrete water disconnection framework shall not be less than 0.8m, and
that of the supporting frame shall be 0.6m. The main frame spacing and the spacing
between arches is 3.0m.
(6) Loess cutting slope protection
The excavation height of loess cutting slope is commonly controlled within 20.0m. Sideditch platform in a width of 2.0 ~ 3.0m shall be located at the loess cuttings along the line.
M10 cement mortar rubble or concrete solid block masonry shall be used for the platform.
If the cutting slope height H is ≤ 5.0m, concrete hollow bricks with new soil grass and
planted shrubs inside shall be used for the slope protection. If the slope height is: 5.0m <H ≤
16.0m, a small platform in a width of 2.0~3.0m shall be located every a height of 8.0m, and
platform drainage ditches shall be located; the slope of the upper Pleistocene strata shall be
protected using hollow bricks with new soil grass + planted shrubs in C25 concrete water
disconnection framework; in mid Pleistocene strata, the slope shall be protected using C25
concrete space wall (mixed vegetation within). If the slope height exceeds 16.0m, the width
of the slope platform shall be 4.0 ~ 6.0m, and drainage ditches shall be located at the
platform; the slope shall be protected with hollow bricks with new soil grass and planted
shrubs in frame anchoring rod in a length of 8.0m.
(7) Cutting of groundwater development
The slope rate shall be reduced by level 1~2 compared with the groundwater undeveloped
section. C25 concrete grassed window or C25 concrete arched water disconnection frame +
three-dimensional vegetation network solid soil grass + planted shrubs shall be used. The
net frame spacing shall be 2.5m and the main frame shall be 0.8m thick. Water
disconnection tank shall be reserved at the top, and supporting sewer in a width of 2.0m
and a depth of 2.0~2.5m shall be located every 10.0~15.0m. At the junction of permeable
and impermeable sections, a slope platform in a width of 3.0 ~ 5.0m shall be located with
drainage ditches in it.
(8) Subgrade drainage works
1)
Surface drainage design
① Side ditches, gutters, drains or drainage ditches shall be designed by the slope rate of
1/50, and the top shall be 0.2m higher than the designed water level. The longitudinal
slope rate shall not be less than 2‰. The cross-section dimension of water surpassing
for drainage facilities shall be calculated based on water flow. The connection with
subgrade surface drainage, slope drainage and sub drainage systems shall be paid
attention to.
② If the subgrade slope is protected with water disconnection framework, the slope water
disconnection tanks on both sides will be the lateral gutters along the subgrade slope.
Lateral gutters along the slope shall be located in the lots where C25 precast concrete
hollow brick grassed pavement in a depth of 0.2m and a spacing of 10.0m is used.
③ In the lots where cross slope is significant on the subgrade ground, drainage ditches may
be located in the top side. If the ground cross slope is not obvious, drainage ditches shall
be located on both sides of the subgrade. Drainage plane shall be straight; if a turn is
required, its radius shall not be less than 10.0~20.0m, and the length of the gutter shall
be determined according to the actual needs. Drains are generally trapezoidal ditches in
a bottom width of 0.4m and a depth of 0.6m with a slope rate of 1:1. Cast-in-site C30
reinforced concrete in a thickness of 0.2m shall be used for drainage ditches. The
location of drains shall ensure that the water will be led outside the subgrade to prevent
it from erosion.
④ C30 reinforced concrete rectangular cover trench shall be used for side ditches in a
bottom width of 0.6m, a height of 0.8m, and a thickness of 0.25m. The drains between
the lines in a standard spacing shall have a width of 0.4m, a depth of 0.8m, and a
thickness of 0.20m in C30 reinforced concrete masonry. Precast C30 reinforced concrete
shall be used for the cover of the side ditch. Trapezoidal side ditch shall be used for non
easily weathered hard rock cutting, in a bottom width of 0.4m, a depth of not less than
0.6m and a slope rate of 1:1. M10 cement mortar in a thickness of 0.08m shall be used
for the surface, and C25 concrete may be used for embedment at local sections.
⑤ In the lots where cross slope is significant on the subgrade ground, gutters may be
located in the top side. If the ground cross slope is not obvious, gutters shall be located
on both sides of the subgrade. 0.2m thick in-situ C30 reinforced concrete may be used
for the gutters, and M10 mortar rubble shall be used to close the sections from
expansive rock (soil), collapsible loess, the top of the bed cutting to the gutter. For the
gutter which has the steep slope of the cutting top, rectangular gutter shall be used.
⑥ 0.40m × 0.40m rectangular groove shall be used for the water disconnection ditch at the
slope platform for the cutting, and C25 concrete which is used in the slope shall be
poured.
⑦ The anti-slope drainage of the tunnel entrance is based on the rigid transition section of
the tunnel road, with the cross section of the ditch at the starting position being 0.4m
deep. In the deep cutting and the lot with problems of anti-slope drainage（if the depth
of the side ditch is more than 1.50m, and the width more than 0.80m）, and in the valley
cutting lots, the addition of culverts and the use of 0.2m thick C30 reinforced concrete
drains shall be made to lead the side ditch water out of the subgrade as soon as possible.
2)
Base-bed waterproofing and drainage
Collecting well shall be located in the middle of the subgrade for the drainage between the
tracks of slab track sections of straight lines and curves lines. The inside diameter of the
drainage well is 0.6m, the depth 0.8m, and 0.3m thick cast-in-site C30 reinforced concrete is
used. Precast C30 reinforced concrete is used for the cover spaced 50m or so, which are
embedded into the drainage channels or side trenches for the slope of subgrade.
3)
Groundwater waterproofing and drainage facilities
Drainage facilities such as open ditches, slope support sewers and porous drains shall be
located where underground water brings hazards to the subgrade according to its nature
and characteristics. Drainage shall be particularly designed for swelling rock (soil) cutting
and underground water development cutting.
4)
Connection between drainage system and natural system
The drainage system of subgrade main project uses its drains with devices such as wells and
settling ponds by being connected to the existing ditches or channels around.
The subgrade slope protection, slope greening measures, drainage works, protective area,
quantity and investments of protection, etc taken in the design shall meet water security
requirements, and be included in this program investment. For the quantities of soil
stripped and corresponding temporary protective measures excluded in the main project
list, design will be added to them in the program. Special design of green channel is made
for the both sides of the line in the main works, and costs are listed to meet water
conservation requirements, but detailed design has not been made in the main engineering.
Therefore it is not very targeted and operable, and may not be implemented specifically in
the construction process. This soil and water conservation program has detailed design for
the greening sections on both sides of the line, and quantities and investment costs of
protection works based on sections have been included.
Table 2 Subgrade slope protection measures
Slope protection
Greening protection
No
1
Landf
orm
Plain
Plain
2
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
5
Hills
6
Hills
7
Hills
8
Milestone
Administra
tion
TGSG
25
Fenc
e
Con
cre
te
blo
ck
Cree
pers
C25
Con
cre
te
blo
ck
/
m3
Gras
s
Soil
s
River
locus
t
tree
m2
m2
m3
Nr
640
170
17
1595
7
235
3-d
ecological
slope
protection
Planting pool
Water
outlet
PVC
pipe
（φ0.0
5m)
3-d
slo
pe
pro
tect
ion
M
type
bag
m3
m
m2
Nr
393
1
393
1868
194
43
136
101
C2
5
con
cre
te
Plan
ting
soil
Fer
tili
eze
r
m3
m3
93
5
CK000+000~
CK002+570
Zhangjiako
u
CK002+570~
CK011+260
Wangquan
2674
9
520
8
521
4887
9
CK011+260~
CK068+300
Huai’an
4888
48
497
03
497
2
4715
72
CK068+300~
CK073+310
Shangyi
CK073+310~
CK074+560
Xinghe
CK074+560~
CK076+900
Shangyi
36
4
342
CK076+900~
CK124+215
Xinghe
1390
51
110
007
145
12
1075
442
374
44
478
9
83
0
238
2
237
1659
CK124+215~
CK151+080
Chanyouqia
nqi
2420
9
203
06
418
6
2004
55
175
5
101
7
10
6
309
31
213
102
732
200
5
2
9
Plain
CK151+080~
CK152+303
Jining
10
Pain
CK152+303~
CK160+796
Chayouqian
qi
2071
1
446
6
447
4191
8
11
Pain
CK160+796~
CK163+498
Jining
7700
264
8
265
2485
5
379
102
47
139
14
95
CK163+498~
CK179+317
Chayouqian
qi
4673
120
00
120
1
1202
08
500
0
459
10
9
347
34
218
CK179+317~
CK255+248
Zhuozi
1116
46
117
330
132
46
1114
323
368
06
479
4
65
7
200
7
202
1310
CK255+248~
CK269+500
Hohhot
5551
1
277
15
377
3
2622
77
866
5
119
9
16
6
476
47
336
1813
62
350
64
350
4
3290
95
474
23
135
8
42
9
181
0
182
861
1053
240
7
241
2259
9
110
8
5701
2
167
11
167
2
1568
51
487
79
1119
165
403
771
485
61
3870
411
32
79
114
01
114
0
6560
Hills
12
Hills
13
Hills
14
15
16
17
Plain
CK269+500~
CK291+000
Hills
Sections by
Second
Jibaoline
Plain
Section by
Jingbao
line(double
line)
Total
Hohhot
177
282
92
198
044
161
39
114
233
640
54
448
378
Hohhot
Hohhot
240
204
660
31
(Continued)
Reinf
orce
Slope protection
Interception structure
slope protection
Grooving
No
1
Landf
orm
Plain
Plain
2
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
5
6
Hills
Milestone
Administ
ration
CK000+000~CK0
02+570
Zhangjiak
ou
CK002+570~CK0
11+260
Wangqua
n
CK011+260~CK0
68+300
Huai’an
CK068+300~CK0
73+310
Shangyi
CK073+310~CK0
74+560
Xinghe
CK074+560~CK0
Shangyi
Soil
Ston
e
m3
m3
Concrete（window type）wall
Water
outlet
Expa
nsio
n
joint
conc
recte
bloc
k
Sa
nd
/gr
ab
ble
PVC 管
（φ0.
1m）
Alph
alt
line
n
（0.
02m
）
m3
m3
m
m2
Wall body
C25
Conc
rete
m3
M10
conc
rete
stru
ctur
e
M10
m3
m3
C25
Fil
ter
lay
er
Geot
extil
e,etc
s
m2
48
49
394
282
283
1524
2
1600
5
2661
99
1587
1
63
176
76+900
Hills
7
8
Hills
Plain
9
Plain
10
Plain
11
Hills
12
Hills
13
Hills
14
CK076+900~CK1
24+215
Xinghe
2666
2
5481
3227
2
3639
02
CK124+215~CK1
51+080
Chanyouq
ianqi
4831
668
5520
6822
6
CK151+080~CK1
52+303
Jining
CK152+303~CK1
60+796
Chayouqi
anqi
1634
7238
CK160+796~CK1
63+498
Jining
627
630
1671
2
CK163+498~CK1
79+317
Chayouqi
anqi
923
2171
3108
4176
4
CK179+317~CK2
55+248
Zhuozi
3047
3
2215
3283
5
CK255+248~CK2
69+500
Hohhot
9331
35
9409
7915
6
2392
1
2441
73
15
Plain
CK269+500~CK2
91+000
16
Hills
Sections by
Second Jibaoline
17
Plain
Section by Jingbao
line(double line)
Total
Hohhot
Hohhot
1627
2279
6
8578
1228
2998
6043
1038
9
Hohhot
1201
15
1126
0
1256
66
1338
7
8578
45
45
29
9
29
9
2589
2589
897
897
3816
87
1484
869
Table 3 Subgrade Drainage Protection Measures`
Water
collection
well
Ground drainage ditch
Side ditch
No
Landfo
rm
Milestone
Admi
nistra
tion
C30
Conc
rete
（m
3）
1
Plain
Plain
2
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
5
Hills
6
CK000+000CK002+570
Zhangj
iakou
CK002+570CK011+260
Wang
quan
CK011+260CK068+300
Huai’a
n
CK068+300CK073+310
Shang
yi
CK073+310CK074+560
Xinghe
CK074+560CK076+900
Shang
yi
17
M10
ceme
nt
surfa
cing(
0.05
m）
（m2
）
Side ditch
platform
drainage ditch
Gutter
Joint
Well
body
Cove
r
M10
M10
ceme
nt
surfa
cing
(0.05
m）
M10
C30
Conc
rete
Soils
M10
C30
conc
rete
Soils
Soils
M10
C30
Conc
rete
C30
Conc
rete
（m
3）
（m2
）
（m
3）
（m
3）
（m
3）
（m
3）
（m
3）
（m3
）
（m
3）
（m
3）
（m
3）
（m
3）
12
27
938
209
5
9
1
123
27
188
84
158
19
12
494
9
931
3
15
10
347
9
408
279
1
6355
6
13
809
3
149
1
Hills
7
Hills
8
CK076+900CK124+215
Xinghe
232
46
CK124+215CK151+080
Chany
ouqian
qi
443
2
9
Plain
CK151+080CK152+303
Jining
10
Pain
CK152+303CK160+796
Chayo
uqianq
i
11
Pain
CK160+796CK163+498
Jining
121
8
CK163+498CK179+317
Chayo
uqianq
i
299
9
CK179+317CK255+248
Zhuozi
Hills
12
Hills
13
Hills
14
15
16
17
CK255+248CK269+500
Plain
CK269+500CK291+000
Hills
Sections by
Second
Jibaoline
Plain
Section by
Jingbao
line(double
line)
Hohho
t
Hohho
t
Hohho
t
Hohho
t
168
64
2457
321
1
71
1489
341
461
3
664
3
106
43
2395
2
284
7
355
541
236
1
5228
445
696
297
465
411
209
22
232
39
5
298
4
1972
199
10
1
135
7
3055
170
48
23
2
122
14
2348
39
405
1
100
220
18
550
45
6
102
11
171
5
2504
113
333
399
251
14
137
20
3477
201
854
4
945
3
422
0
239
8
110
0
737
235
3
214
2
3322
100
8
550
3
408
4
109
41
154
80
723
1604
663
3
574
66
99
96
460
653
41
116
8
119
7
74
451
5
3090
717
6
105
31
272
42
30
307
5
Total
734
55
5547
529
31
7470
163
35
395
45
916
99
722
331
08
2810
67
403
8
109
9
819
85
2.2 Plant protection measures for both sides of the subgrade
In order to improve the environmental quality of the project area, reduce soil erosion
caused by railway construction, while achieving the purposes of soil and water conservation,
afforestation and beautification as well as the protection of railway operational safety,
protection of plant measures shall be made for the both sides of the subgrade. Based on the
site conditions in climate, soil, and water, the available lots on both sides of the subgrade
within the land in the project may be greened under the principle of "trees and shrubs
integrated", and green protective measures may not be taken for the lots without the space
for green.
Green protective measures shall be taken for the available lots within the boundary of the
land on both sides of the line with the total length of the green lots being 99.23km. A
combination of planted bushes and trees will be taken for Hebei section, and shrubs will be
planted in the Inner Mongolia section. Specific green measures for the Hebei section will be
the following: one row of trees and two rows of shrubs will be planted at either side of the
subgrade lot; three rows of shrubs planted on both sides of the cutting lot; the tree spacing
will be 3.0×1.0m, shrub spacing 1.0m×1.0m; for the Inner Mongolia, the specific measures
will be the following: three rows of shrubs will be planted on either sides of the subgrade lot
in a spacing of 1.0m×1.0m. A total of 10,696 trees and 1,747,256 shrubs will be planted on
both sides of the subgrade areas along the whole line.
Table 4 Greening along subgrade
N
o
Landfor
m
Milestone
Administr
ation
Subgrade
length(km)
1
Plain
CK000+000~CK002+
570
Zhangjiako
u
CK002+570~CK011+
260
Plain
2
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
5
Hills
6
Hills
7
8
Hills
Plain
9
10
Plain
Greening quantity
Trees
Bushes
0.02
15
268
Wangquan
0.87
577
10392
CK011+260~CK068+
300
Huai’an
15.16
10104
181867
CK068+300~CK073+
310
Shangyi
0.00
0
0
CK073+310~CK074+
560
Xinghe
0.00
0
0
CK074+560~CK076+
900
Shangyi
0.01
0
180
CK076+900~CK124+
215
Xinghe
22.27
0
400775
CK124+215~CK151+
080
Chanyouqi
anqi
3.88
0
69777
CK151+080~CK152+
303
Jining
0.00
0
0
CK152+303~CK160+
Chayouqia
2.61
0
47003
Plain
11
Hills
12
Hills
13
Hills
14
796
nqi
CK160+796~CK163+
498
Jining
0.95
0
17092
CK163+498~CK179+
317
Chayouqia
nqi
2.37
0
42713
CK179+317~CK255+
248
Zhuozi
23.39
0
420965
CK255+248~CK269+
500
Hohhot
4.50
0
80953
16.77
0
301831
0.65
0
11653
8.99
0
161787
102.42
10696
174725
6
15
Plain
CK269+500~CK291+
000
16
Hills
Sections by Second
Jibaoline
17
Plain
Section by Jingbao
line(double line)
Total
Hohhot
Hohhot
Hohhot
(1) Temporary block and drainage measures for the subgrade stripped topsoil
During the filling works of the railway subgrade, as the surface soil fails to meet the
requirements of subgrade filling in the engineering design, the topsoil must be stripped. The
thickness of this surface soil is generally about 30cm. It has high content of humus, featuring
good soil fertility, structure and texture. It is suitable for vegetation growth and may be
used in the topsoil transformation for the subgrade slope green of grid, station and ballast
along the railway.
According to the state of the environment in the project area, combined with the
engineering characteristics, the land, woodland and grassland occupied by the subgrade are
designed to have topsoil stripping in a strip thickness of 0~30cm, and a temporary
stockpiling field is designed every 500~1000m in the land, where the stripped topsoil will
be piled up and compacted. Retaining wall made of straw bags will be used as temporary
protection at the foot of the outside slope surrounding the stockpiled soil, and other
exposed surfaces will be covered with tarpaulin to prevent wind transport. Temporary
drains will be dug at the border of the stockpile soil, temporary settling basin will be
constructed at the outlet, and connected with the surrounding drainage system, so that the
rainfall runoff may be discharged through the outlet and the simple settling basin to prevent
soil erosion in the temporary stockpiling field.
The stockpiling height of the temporary stockpiling filed shall not be higher than 3.0m, and
the stacked slope rate shall be controlled within 1:1.5. The straw bag retaining wall section
shall be a rectangular trapezoidal cross-section in height × top width ×bottom width = 1.0m
× 0.5m × 1.5m. When piling, the bags shall be engaged and lapped in a lap length not less
than 1/3 of the length of the straw bag. The temporary drains shall be soil drains with a
trapezoidal cross-section, whose design specifications are base width of 0.3m, top width of
0.9m, ditch depth of 0.3m and slope rate of 1:1. The ditch base and wall shall be compacted.
The simple settling basin shall have a length of 2.0m, a width of 1.0m, and a depth of 1.5m,
with its bottom compacted. A total of 89.57 × 104m3 topsoil used in the new soil grass of
subgrade slope are stripped for the subgrade across the line.
Table 5 Temporary protection and drainage design for top soil from subgrade area
N
o
Landfor
m
1
Plain
Plain
2
CK000+000~CK002+570
Zhangjiakou
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10060
10060
409
409
4024
0
0
18242
0
18242
0
6960
6960
72968
0
0
14980
14980
610
610
5992
434
3
28256
0
28256
0
1090
1
10901
11302
4
7048
47
55376
55376
2054
2054
22150
1366
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
Hills
5
6
7
8
9
10
Hills
Hills
Plain
Plain
Plain
Hills
CK011+260~CK068+300
Huai’an
CK068+300~CK073+310
Shangyi
CK074+560~CK076+900
Xinghe
CK073+310~CK074+560
Shangyi
CK076+900~CK124+215
Xinghe
CK124+215~CK151+080
Chanyouqianqi
CK152+303~CK160+796
Jining
CK151+080~CK152+303
Chayouqianqi
CK160+796~CK163+498
Jining
CK163+498~CK179+317
Chayouqianqi
13844
13844
469
469
5538
334
2
CK179+317~CK255+248
Zhuozi
22820
0
22820
0
8629
8629
91280
5661
38
Hills
11
Soil
bags
（m3
）
Temporary
settling tank
Administration
Wangquan
Lengt
h
（m
）
Paulin
（m2
）
Milestone
CK002+570~CK011+260
Soil
cover
（m3
）
Temp
orary
draina
ge
（m3
）
Topsoi
ls
（m3
）
12
13
Hills
Plain
CK255+248~CK269+500
CK269+500~CK291+000
14
Hills
Sections by Second
Jibaoline
15
Plain
Section by Jingbao
line(double line)
Total
Hohhot
Hohhot
43320
43320
1600
1600
17328
1068
7
64980
64980
8664
8664
25992
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
89574
0
89574
0
4029
6
40296
35829
6
15911
107
Hohhot
Hohhot
3.
Prote ct ive m e asure s f o r St at i on
3.1 Station subgrade protection
The water and soil conservation measures for the station in this
project is mainly aimed at the station subgrade, which are roughly the
same as the soil and water conservation measures for the subgrade.
Slope protection of arched frame pavement, hollow bricks with new
soil grass and mortar rubble drainage ditch and porou s drain are used
for the subgrade. If the subgrade slope height is less than 3.0m, six diamond hollow bricks with planted grass and Amorpha will be used
for protection, and a precast concrete drainage tank will located at
both sides of the slope at intervals of 10.0m to connect the horizontal
drainage channels between the tracks; if the slope height is greater
than 3.0m, 3×3m C25 concrete arch framework with water
disconnection tank will be used in the slope protection of the
subgrade, and in the framework, six-diamond hollow bricks will be
paved with planted grass and Amorpha. A layer of two -way stretch
plastic geogrid (TGSG30-30) will be laid every 0.6m of the vertical
height from the foot of the slope to the surface level of the base bed
within the lateral width of 3.0m on both sides of the slope; if the
subgrade is filled with weak weathered and slightly weathered broken
rocks, the quantity of new soil shall be added into the block.
The cutting slope rate shall be 1:1.25~1:1.5 for silty clay, 1:1.25 for
gravel soil, and 1:1.25 for loess cutting. For the slope whose height is
less than 3.0m, six-diamond hollow bricks with planted grass and
Amorpha inside shall be used for protection; for the slope whose
height is greater than 3.0m, C25 concrete arch frame p aved with sixdiamond hollow bricks with planted grass and Amorpha inside shall be
used for protection.
The stations are open-train layout, and the new sites are ground
stations except that Huai An Station is an elevated on e. The average
earthwork height in plains is h≤ 3m (Huan An Station), 3m <h ≤ 5m
(Ulanchabu Station), and in hilly area is 5m <h ≤ 7m (Xingheibei
Station). Full sloping dry stone revetment is used for the slope
protection of Xinghe Station and Ulanchabu Station, which is not
included in the soil and water conservation engineering measures.
3.2 Greening measures in the station area
There are three new stations across the line, with Trunk of treesozi
Station and Trunk of treesozi East Station under the cons truction being
integrated for locations. In order to maintain soil and water and
beautify the station area environment, to improve ecological
environment quality of the station area, and to meet the production
and operating conditions, 20% of the new perma nent site in the station
are greened in line with the principle of multiple green. They are
mainly located at the surrounding of the new buildings at each station
and other open space available for concentrated green. Trees, shrubs,
flowering shrubs and grass are integrated, in a green ratio of 30% by
trees, shrubs 30%, flowering shrub 20%, and grass 20%, laid according
to the principle of 3×3m for trees and 1 × 1m for shrubs. In the new
stations, as Huai An Station is an elevated one, green design is
considered for its areas available for green at the roads in the stops.
The proportion of shrubs, flowering shrubs and lawns is 30%, 30% and
40% respectively. The shrubs are laid in 1× 1m. A total of 3,523 trees,
34,898 shrubs, 9,532 flowers and 4,958m 2 paved turf are planted in the
stations across the line.
Table 6 Greening measures in the station area
N
o
Landf
orm
Station
Mileston
e
(center)
Gree
ning
area
（m2
）
1
Plain
Huai’an
Station
CK043+
075
2
Hills
Xinghe
North
Station
3
Plain
s
Hills
4
Greening
Flower
s
（m2）
Trees
Bush
Grass
（m2）
1063
3
0
3190
4253
3190
CK099+
400
3056
0
1019
9168
204
1834
Ulancha
bu
Station
CK159+
270
5493
3
1831
16480
366
3296
Zhuozi
East
Station
CK207+
200
2020
0
673
6060
135
1212
1163
27
3523
34898
4958
9532
Total
3 . 3 Te mp o r a r y b l o c k p ro t e c t i o n a n d t e m p o r a r y d r a i n a g e
m e a s u re s f o r s t r i p p e d t o p s o i l i n t h e s t a t i o n a re a
22.25 × 104m3 stripped topsoil in the new stations across the line is
used for the latter stage green in the station. The stripped topsoil
will be designed to be piled in the temporary stockpiling site in the
station area, and they will be compacted. Retaining wall made of
straw bags will be used as temporary protection at the foot of the
outside slope surrounding the stockpiled soil, and other exposed
surfaces will be covered with tarpaulin. Temporary drains will be dug
at the border of the stockpile soil, temporary settling basin will be
constructed at the outlet of the drains, and connected with the
surrounding drainage system.
The stockpiling height of the temporary stoc kpiling filed shall not be
higher than 3.0m, and the stacked slope rate shall be controlled
within 1:1.5. The straw bag retaining wall section shall be a
rectangular trapezoidal cross -section in height × top width ×bottom
width = 1.0m × 0.5m × 1.5m. When piling, the bags shall be engaged
and lapped in a lap length not less than 1/3 of the length of the straw
bag. The temporary drains shall be soil drains with a trapezoidal
cross-section, whose design specifications are bottom width of 0.3m,
top width of 0.9m, ditch depth of 0.3m and slope rate of 1:1. The ditch
base and wall shall be compacted. The simple settling basin shall have
a length of 2.0m, a width of 1.0m, and a depth of 1.5m, with its bottom
compacted. The stripped topsoil is used in the surface so il
transformation of green area in the station.
Table 7 Temporary protection and drainage design for stations
N
o
Land
form
Station
Milesto
ne
Top
osoi
ls
（m
3）
1
Plai
n
Huai’an
Station
CK043+
075
295
00
Soil
cove
r
（m
3）
Len
gth
（m
）
Soil
bags
（m
3）
295
00
111
8
111
8
Paul
in
（m
2）
Tem
p.
drai
nag
e
（m
3）
Tem
p.
Sett
ling
tank
118
00
0
0
2
Hills
Xinghe
North
Station
CK099+
400
458
40
458
40
180
1
180
1
183
36
101
2
4
3
Plai
n
Ulancha
bu
Station
CK159+
270
382
52
382
52
149
6
149
6
153
01
0
0
4
Hills
Zhuozi
Station
CK207+
200
278
40
278
40
130
1
130
1
111
36
652
2
5
Plai
ns
Hohhot
Station
（yard）
CK289+
273
270
00
270
00
106
4
106
4
108
00
0
0
Plai
ns
Hohhot
Station
（Utility
Yard）
CK291+
000
541
00
541
00
204
4
204
4
216
40
0
0
222
532
222
532
882
4
882
4
890
13
166
4
6
6
Total
Table 8 Main Protection Measures for Stations
Station subgrade reinforce
Geotext
ile
Grassi
ng
River
locust
tree
Soils
Concre
te
structu
re
should
er
m2
m2
/
m3
m3
Station
Units
M10
cement
surfaci
ng
C25
Concret
e
M7.5
Concre
te
C30
Concret
e
m2
m3
m3
m3
Huai’an Station
Xinghe North Station
34269
1073
18
Ulanchabu Station
54308
1518
26
Zhuozi East Station
37972
1190
20
Hohhot Station（yard）
140463
Hohhot Station（Utility Yard）
11866
76284
1187
3044
9202
1268
10382
67085
1229
1000
3023
2493
2784
Station drainage system
Side ditch of sugrade
Station
Earth
work
quant
ity
Side
ditch
lengt
h
C30
Concr
ete
Side
ditch
platfo
rm
M10
concre
te
Drainage
Leng
th
M7.5
Concr
ete
Drainage or gutter
Draina
ge
length
C30
Concr
ete
Foundat
ion
earth
work
Joint
Earth
work
quanti
ty
M10
Concr
ete
Units
m3
m
m3
m3
m
m3
m
m3
m3
m3
m3
Xinghe North Station
1925
4015
955
440
470
846
2915
1437
7288
825
220
Ulanchabu Station
1732
800
955
440
1165
1049
3600
1952
9900
743
220
Zhuozi East Station
1745
700
865
419
543
489
1875
1371
6953
748
179
Hohhot Station
（yard）
1180
2
6744
5852
2833
2070
1863
5212
2570
13030
5058
1213
3490
3141
Huai’an Station
Hohhot Station
（Utility Yard）
4.
C o n t r o l M e a s u r e s i n t h e B r i d g e a n d C u l v e r t Wo r k s A r e a
4 . 1 B r i d g e s a n d c u l v e r t s s e t - u p a n d d e s i g n re q u i re me n t s
The flood frequency of bridges and culverts is designed to be 1/100
for bridges, and 1/100 for culverts. In principle, one bridge (culvert)
is set up for one river (ditch), and the river channel shall not be
compressed, so that the water may go through the bridge in a natural
state; where roads are crossing, interchange may be used; in the
farming-intensive areas, farmland channel shall be located; vertical
drains shall be located within the bridge, and connected with the
drainage system in the subgrade so as to lead to the water in the side
ditches of the subgrade to the natural ditches under the bridge. M10
mortar rubble paving protection shall be adopted.
Permeable soil shall be used to fill the cone packing of the bridge
ancillary works and be compacted, and 35cm thick M20 mortar rubble
shall be used in the protection of slope with a 10cm thick gravel layer
located below.
For individual lots where river erosion may be increased due to the
set-up of piers, reinforced subgrade and mortar rubble revetment
measures shall be taken to avoid the river, flood erosion. The bridge
foundation excavation shall be made full use of; if it is unable to use,
spoil field shall be selected for concentrated spoil to reduce soil
erosion.
The foundation of the main pier crossi ng the river shall use island or
cofferdam construction and shall avoid flood. Complete cleanup shall
be considered after the construction to ensure the smooth water flow.
4 . 2 B r i d g e a n d c u l v e r t p ro t e c t i v e me a s u re s
(1)
The flood frequency of 1/100 is used in t he design of the bridge
and culvert to maintain the appropriate technical requirements; for
the check calculation of extra large bridge (or large bridge) which is
technically complex, difficult to repair or very important, the flood
frequency is 1/300; for the bridge close to the upstream reservoir,
check calculation will be made according to the reservoir dam break
flow.
(2) Natural river channel shall be avoided from compress and ditches
from change when crossing the river channel for flood discharge so as
to maintain the natural run-off state and to ensure smooth flow of
flood discharge. Streamlined piers shall preferably be used in the
river channel to reduce the water -blocking area of the pier, and avoid
increased erosion, as well as to reduce the impact o n the upstream
and downstream slopes of the bridge site and to avoid soil erosion.
(3) Flood discharging capacity is fully considered in the design of the
diameter of the culvert to avoid the water restrain of the culvert
caused by the small aperture, resulti ng in soil erosion caused by
increased downstream erosion.
(4) For the pier located in the ditch or in the water, cofferdam made of
straw bags filled with soil or steel sheet pile cofferdam is used based
on the water depth in the construction and geological c onditions, and
the protection of the sections where the water level is high and the
foundation layer is strongly permeable shall be paid attention to in
the construction.
(5) During the construction, the spoil generated in the bridge foundation
construction shall be knocked into the pile foundation if permitted by
conditions; abutment cone slope shall be protected by M20 cement
mortar rubble.
Table 9 Bridge and viaduct protection measures
Cone protection
Constructi
on
protection
M20
Concre
te
（m3）
Soil
weir
（m3
）
Stee
l
weir
（N
umb
er）
N
o
Land
form
Milestone
Administratio
n
1
Plain
CK000+000~
CK002+570
Zhangjiakou
125
141
3
CK002+570~
CK011+260
Wangquan
110
0
0
CK011+260~
CK068+300
Huai’an
1178
103
75
200
CK068+300~
CK073+310
Shangyi
CK073+310~
CK074+560
Xinghe
CK074+560~
CK076+900
Shangyi
CK076+900~
CK124+215
Xinghe
2099
818
1
14
CK124+215~
CK151+080
Chanyouqianqi
545
353
00
0
Plain
2
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
5
Hills
6
Hills
7
Hills
8
M10
Concre
te
（m3）
9
Plain
CK151+080~
CK152+303
Jining
1
0
Pain
CK152+303~
CK160+796
Chayouqianqi
137
0
0
1
1
Pain
CK160+796~
CK163+498
Jining
95
0
0
CK163+498~
CK179+317
Chayouqianqi
404
0
0
CK179+317~
CK255+248
Zhuozi
3803
526
7
8
CK255+248~
CK269+500
Hohhot
862
0
9
0
0
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
Hills
Hills
Hills
Plain
CK269+500~
CK291+000
1
6
Hills
Sections by
Second
Jibaoline
1
Plain
Section by
Hohhot
480
Hohhot
Hohhot
195
273
Cone protection
N
o
7
Land
form
Milestone
Administratio
n
Constructi
on
protection
M20
Concre
te
（m3）
M10
Concre
te
（m3）
Soil
weir
（m3
）
Stee
l
weir
（N
umb
er）
10032
273
605
36
231
Jingbao
line(double
line)
Total
4 . 3 Te m p o r a r y p ro t e c t i o n m e a s u re s f o r b r i d g e a n d v i a d u c t
( 1 ) Te m p o r a r y m e a s u r e s t o d e a l w i t h b o r e d p i l e f o u n d a t i o n m u d
for the bridge
To minimize the pollution of the water quality of the rivers along the
line by the bridge drilling mud, bored pile foundation of the bridge
crossing river is usually constructed during the dry season, and mud
pump is installed in steel casing barrel to raise the drilling mud to
the land TWA at both ends. The slurry generated during the bored pile
foundation construction shall be temporarily processed to reduce soil
erosion during construction.
There are a total of two bridges which cross a river and possess piers
in the water in this project. They are the extra large Yanghe Bridge
and extra large No. 4 Daheihe Bridge. Before the drilling of the piers,
one mud pool (seepage control shall be done to the mud pond, and
multiple drilling can be shared) and two settling tanks are built in the
temporary construction site. They are used in series to make the wall
protection mud separate from the ballast. The mud precipitated shall
be recycled, and the surface dust and ballast of the sedimentation
tanks shall be dehydrated at the dumping ground. The effluent of the
sedimentation tank discharges into natural rivers through the nearby
agricultural irrigation ditches. During the drilling and the hole
cleaning in the pier foundation construction process, mud cars are
used to transport the mud to the designated location. The excavation
earth from mud pools and the sedimentation pond is piled near the
pier and compacted. It will be used in the pier foundation and the
backfill of the mud pools and the sedimentation tanks after the
construction.
The volume of each mud pool is designed to be 8m 3, and the length,
width and depth to be 2m. The volume of each sedimentation tank is
designed to be 6m3, the length and width 2m, and the depth 1.5m.
Table 10 Bridge slurry pond and sedimentation tank
N
o
Landfor
m
1
Plain
Plain
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Plain
Hills
Hills
Hills
Hills
Hills
Milestone
Administrati
on
Slurr
y
tank
Settli
ng
tank
CK000+000~CK002+570
Zhangjiakou
2
4
CK002+570~CK011+260
Wangquan
0
0
CK011+260~CK068+300
Huai’an
4
8
CK068+300~CK073+310
Shangyi
0
0
CK073+310~CK074+560
Xinghe
0
0
CK074+560~CK076+900
Shangyi
0
0
CK076+900~CK124+215
Xinghe
2
4
CK124+215~CK151+080
Chanyouqian
qi
2
4
9
Plain
CK151+080~CK152+303
Jining
0
0
1
0
Pain
CK152+303~CK160+796
Chayouqianqi
0
0
1
1
Pain
CK160+796~CK163+498
Jining
0
0
CK163+498~CK179+317
Chayouqianqi
0
0
1
2
Hills
1
3
1
4
Hills
CK179+317~CK255+248
Zhuozi
1
2
CK255+248~CK269+500
Hohhot
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
24
Hills
Hohhot
1
5
Plain
CK269+500~CK291+000
1
6
Hills
Sections by Second Jibaoline
1
7
Plain
Section by Jingbao
line(double line)
Hohhot
Hohhot
Total
( 2 ) Te m p o r a r y b l o c k a n d p r o t e c t i o n m e a s u r e s f o r e x c a v a t i o n s t o n e
e art h of t he foun d at i on fo r b ri dg e s an d culve rt s
Soil erosion is likely to occur for the excavation earth of the bridge
foundation in the rainy or windy season. Temporary block and
protection measures shall be taken to prevent soil erosion in the
construction process.
After the balance of the excavation earthwork in the bridge
foundation along the line in the project, abandoned earth of 79.00 ×
104m3 are resulted. Temporary stockpiling field shall be set up in the
land of the bridge. The temporary stockpiling height shall not be
higher than 3.0m, and the pile slope rate shall be controlled within
1:1.5. The straw retaining wall section shall be set in the form of a
rectangular trapezoidal cross -section with height ×top width× bottom
width = 1.0m × 0.5m × 1.5m, and during the piling, the straws shall
engage and lap each other, with the lap length not less than the length
of 1/3 of the straw. Temporary s tockpiling soil shall be centralized
and piled in straw block protection. After the construction, timely
backfill and clean up shall be made, and extra earth shall be
abandoned in time in the earth fetching field nearby so as to avoid
new soil erosion caused by rainfall runoff or wind erosion.
Table 11 Temporary measures for foundation building for bridge
and viaduct
N
o
Land
form
Milestone
Administrati
on
Dispo
sal
soils
（m3
）
1
Plain
CK000+000~
CK002+570
Zhangjiakou
Plain
2
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
5
Hills
6
Hills
7
Hills
8
CK002+570~
CK011+260
Wangquan
Fencing & retaining
work
Soil
bags
（m3
）
Grass
bags
Geote
xtile
（m2
）
15347
630
8820
6139
10896
5
4109
57526
43586
CK011+260~
CK068+300
Huai’an
81116
3338
46732
32446
CK068+300~
CK073+310
Shangyi
0
0
0
0
CK073+310~
CK074+560
Xinghe
0
0
0
0
CK074+560~
CK076+900
Shangyi
0
0
0
0
CK076+900~
CK124+215
Xinghe
14046
4
5371
75194
56186
CK124+215~
CK151+080
Chanyouqianq
i
32915
1291
18074
13166
9
Plain
CK151+080~
CK152+303
Jining
0
0
0
0
10
Pain
CK152+303~
CK160+796
Chayouqianqi
72139
2726
38164
28856
11
Pain
CK160+796~
CK163+498
Jining
51758
2010
28140
20703
CK163+498~
CK179+317
Chayouqianqi
16691
656
9184
6676
CK179+317~
CK255+248
Zhuozi
15421
0
5871
82194
61684
CK255+248~
CK269+500
Hohhot
70955
2703
37842
28382
43035
13906
19468
4
17214
0
0
0
0
Hills
12
Hills
13
Hills
14
15
Plain
CK269+500~
CK291+000
16
Hills
Sections by
Hohhot
Hohhot
Second
Jibaoline
17
Plain
Section by
Jingbao
line(double
line)
Hohhot
Total
2483
136
1904
993
79007
8
42747
59845
8
31603
1
(3) Protection measures in the construction of water piers
According to the actual situation of the project, water piers shall be
set up in the river for the new bridge across the river. Cofferdam
measures shall be taken accordingly for the foundation in the water
according to the river channel, water depth, flow rate and venues.
Straw cofferdam and steel sheet pile cofferdam shall be mainly used
to build island in the construction for the project, and the
construction period shall be as far as possible in the dry season. After
the cofferdam is used to build an island in the river, the construction
shall be made in the island, and all waste ballast and waste water
generated in the foundation excavation shall be transported to shore
through the island. They will not be leaked into the river, and will not
have a big impact on the water quality. When the construction is
complete, timely removal of the cofferdam shall be made, and all
cofferdam facilities shall be transported to the nearest designated
spoil site for storage. They shall neither be dumped in the river, nor
flowed into the river downstream.
Table 12 Protection measures for bridge and viaduct
Cone protection
Constructi
on
protection
M20
Concre
te
（m3）
M20
Conc
rete
（m3
）
M10
Con
cret
e
（m
3）
N
o
Land
form
Milestone
Administra
tion
1
Plain
CK000+000~CK0
02+570
Zhangjiakou
125
141
3
CK002+570~CK0
11+260
Wangquan
110
0
0
CK011+260~CK0
68+300
Huai’an
1178
103
75
200
CK068+300~CK0
73+310
Shangyi
CK073+310~CK0
74+560
Xinghe
CK074+560~CK0
76+900
Shangyi
CK076+900~CK1
24+215
Xinghe
2099
818
1
14
CK124+215~CK1
51+080
Chanyouqia
nqi
545
353
00
0
Plain
2
Plain
3
4
Hills
Hills
5
Hills
6
Hills
7
Hills
8
M10
Concre
te
（m3）
9
Plain
CK151+080~CK1
52+303
Jining
1
0
Pain
CK152+303~CK1
60+796
Chayouqian
qi
137
0
0
1
1
Pain
CK160+796~CK1
63+498
Jining
95
0
0
CK163+498~CK1
79+317
Chayouqian
qi
404
0
0
CK179+317~CK2
55+248
Zhuozi
3803
526
7
8
CK255+248~CK2
69+500
Hohhot
862
0
9
0
0
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
7
Hills
Hills
Hills
Plain
CK269+500~CK2
91+000
Hills
Sections by
Second Jibaoline
Plain
Section by
Jingbao
line(double line)
Hohhot
480
Hohhot
Hohhot
195
273
N
o
Land
form
Milestone
Administra
tion
Total
5.
Cone protection
Constructi
on
protection
M20
Concre
te
（m3）
M10
Concre
te
（m3）
M20
Conc
rete
（m3
）
M10
Con
cret
e
（m
3）
10032
273
605
36
231
C o n t r o l M e a s u r e s i n T u n n e l Wo r k s A r e a
There are 25 new tunnels in a length of 59.66km built in this project.
The new tunnels are concentrated in the lots of mountainous and hilly
areas. The longest tunnel is Dajianshan Tunnel in a length of 15,390m.
The excavation of these new tunnels seeks early hole, and to avoid
deep cutting or high slope so as to minimize the destruction of the
mountain and to prevent soil erosion.
If the tunnel is longer than 500m, dual -port tunneling will be
generally used; if the tunnel length is less than 500m, single -port
tunneling will be generally used. For Grade Ⅳ swelling rock lots, if
the expansion of the rock is medium to strong and the rock is shallow
buried, the method of "temporary invert of three steps " will be used;
if the expansion is medium to strong, the method of " temporary
lateral bracket of three steps" will be used; weak expansion lots shall
as far as possible use the "three -step method" to strengthen the lock
pin bolt, and to strengthen the monitoring of measurement, so as to
reduce the temporary support works. For the lots of Grade Ⅴ
expansion rock, the shallow buried section shall adopt the method of
"temporary invert of three steps"; and the deep buried segment may
adopt the method of " temporary lateral bracket of three steps" to
reduce the temporary support works. The ultra -shallow, or seriously
pressured lots or sections which have to go through buildings that
require protection shall adopt the method of "CRD"; collapsible loess
sections shall try to use open-cut method, and the lots which require
covered tunneling shall use the method of "CRD ".
5 . 1 Tu n n e l b o d y p ro t e c t i o n
Tunnel entrance shall be chosen to minimize the excavation height of
the side invert slope to reduce the excavation, and the destruction of
land and vegetation. Top-down stratified excavation and layered
protection shall be taken during the hole earthwork construction. In
case of poor geological conditions, measures to stabilize the side
slope and the invert slope shall be taken. The tunnel waterproofing
and drainage shall follow the principle of "the combination of
prevention, disconnection, discharge and block for local conditions
and in comprehensive management", if necessary, the principle of
"block-based, limited discharge" shall be taken. Appropriate control
measures shall be taken according to the tunnel length, weather
conditions, the nature and degree of development of groundwater to
protect the ecological environment. Fully enclosed lining of tunnel
entrances of soil, swelling rock (soil), and schist formation is adopted
for the protection of side invert slopes at the e ntrance; the rest of the
stone tunnels shall be protected at the entrances and within 2m of the
foot of the slope. 30cm thick M15 mortar rubble lining shall be used.
Drainage ditches shall be located at the tunnel roof, with the distance
of the drainage ditches from the stone at the top of the slop
excavation line not less than 5m. The soil shall not be less than 10m
so as to intercept surface water so that it may be imported into the
subgrade drainage system, thus avoiding the formation of new erosion.
5 . 2 Tu n n e l s p o i l p ro t e c t i o n
The spoil of the new tunnels totals 958.12×104m 3. The spoil field
shall be selected to heap the abandoned spoil based on the factors
like topographical conditions near the tunnel along the line and
transport distance.
Retaining wall shall be located at the foot of the slope for the spoil
field, and protected by mortar rubble for the foundation. After the
disposable ballast is carried out, reclamation and afforestation shall
be conducted, and waterproofing and drainage f acilities shall be
equipped to prevent soil erosion, and reduce the impact from drop
ballast on the surrounding environment.
Table 13 Tunnel portal protection and drainage measures
Tunnel portal, gutter and greening
N
o
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Landfo
rm
Plain
Plain
Plain
Hills
Hills
Hills
Hills
Hills
Milestone
Administra
tion
Tunn
el
lengt
h
（m
）
Tunn
el
numb
er
1539
0
Interception
gutter
Dike
Greening
C25 Concrete
（m3）
M10
Concr
ete
（m3）
Soil
ston
e
refill
（m3
）
Planti
ng
soil
（m3
）
Bush
es
1
1482
1421
969
4335
4335
CK000+000~CK002+570
Zhangjiakou
CK002+570~CK011+260
Wangquan
CK011+260~CK068+300
Huai’an
CK068+300~CK073+310
Shangyi
CK073+310~CK074+560
Xinghe
CK074+560~CK076+900
Shangyi
CK076+900~CK124+215
Xinghe
5529
3
532
510
348
1558
1558
CK124+215~CK151+080
Chanyouqia
nqi
3470
2
334
320
219
978
978
9
Plain
CK151+080~CK152+303
Jining
1
0
Pain
CK152+303~CK160+796
Chayouqian
qi
1
1
Pain
CK160+796~CK163+498
Jining
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
Hills
CK163+498~CK179+317
Chayouqian
qi
6602
4
636
609
416
1860
1860
CK179+317~CK255+248
Zhuozi
2732
8
14
2631
2523
1721
7698
7698
CK255+248~CK269+500
Hohhot
1337
1
129
123
84
377
377
5965
5
25
5743
5507
3757
16805
1680
5
Hills
Hills
Hohhot
Plain
CK269+500~CK291+000
1
6
Hills
Sections by Second
Jibaoline
1
7
Plain
Section by Jingbao
line(double line)
Total
Hohhot
Hohhot
6.
Control Measures in Earth -fetching Area
6 . 1 E a r t h - f e t c h i n g f i e l d s e t - u p a n d o p t i mi z a t i o n s
The earth-fetching fields set up along the line are mainly for the earth
fetching of subgrade and station, and the main type of land is unused
land. In the earth excavation works, in the spirit of the principle of
concentrated earth fetching, the construction shall be made in
accordance with the position of earth -fetching field designed. The
expansion of the excavation area is not allowed, and flayer earth is
strictly prohibited. The 0~30cm surface of the earth -fetching field is
prohibited to be used as fill. The surface layer shall be cleared and
stacked before earth fetching, and when the earthwork is completed,
then they shall be backfilled to the earth pit. Excavator with a dump
truck is used to fetch the earth layer by layer. It is proposed that if
the excavation of soil complies with the requirements of packing, the
slope rate shall be slowed down, and the earth excavation depth may
be enhanced to reduce the project disturbance area. After the
completion of the earth fetching, the slope of the earth field shall be
cut in a gradient of 1:1.5, and the slope shall be slowed down to
facilitate construction operations in an economic and safe way in
preventing collapse and soil erosion. Clean, flatting, green and other
necessary measures shall be taken. In the next stage of design, each
earth field is required to sign an agreement on fetching and
abandoning of soil with the local Land and Resources Bureau.
6 . 2 E a r t h f e t c h i n g a n d p ro t e c t i o n p r i n c i p l e s
1)
The centralized and close earth fetc hing shall be carried out, and
the priority in the use of the existing earth field shall be made.
2)
The selection of the earth field location shall obtain the
coordination of the local government and the soil and water
conservation authority. The locacation shall be determined
through the consultation in the unified planning of the soil and
water conservation department based on the local water
resources, agricultural development planning, and environmental
construction plan.
3)
For the sloping earth field, afte r earth fetching, the slope of the
excavation area shall be adjusted, the bottom shall be cleaned
and leveled, and green measures of shrub planting shall be taken.
4)
For the earth field ready to restore planting, before earth
fetching, the surface mellow soi l shall be pushed aside, and
leveled back after earth fetching. Reasonable temporary
protective measures shall be taken according to the terrain of the
temporary dump.
6.3 Earth field slope cutting and drainage design
In the excavation and earth fetching, the expansion of the disturbance
area shall be avoided, and the lane in a width of 10m and a
longitudinal slope rate of 1:5 shall be reserved for the access of the
earth fetching pit. The lane shall stay in the side facing the
construction area, and the slope rate shall take 1: 1.5. The slope shall
be cut by half-dug and half-fill to the limit of 1/ 2 of the excavation
depth. The upper earth of cut slope shall be used to fill the lower
slope, and the fill slope shall be backfilled and compacted layer by
layer. To intercept the slope runoff, and protect the overhead slope
formed during earth fetching from directly impact of wind and water
erosion, a retaining ridge in a height of 80cm and a top width of 50cm
shall be built beyond the upper sloping shoulder o f the earth field,
and intercepting drains shall be located at the outside close to the
retaining ridge so that the runoff above the top of the slope will be
channeled to both sides, then discharged to the close ditches. The
intercepting ditch has a bottom width of 0.5m, a top width of 1.5m,
and a depth of 0.6m. The soil ditches of semi -filled and semi- dug
section shall be adopted and interior wall shall be compacted. Base
gutters in a bottom width of 50cm, a depth of 50cm, and a top width
of 1m shall be located at 1m outside the foot of the slope. Soil ditches
shall be used, and interior wall shall be compacted. If the slope has
two platforms, the platform shall be an invert slop directing toward
interior side, namely, the side of the second slope, so as t o create
conditions for the casing and the drainage in the future. Meanwhile,
drains shall be located in the middle platform and the foot of the
secondary slope to discharge the slope runoff. The water in the drains
in the middle platform will flow down to lead the rainfall runoff into
natural ditches or the existing drainage ditch system. The drains in
the foot of the secondary slope shall adopt the same design standard
with drains at the bottom of the slope.
6 . 4 P l a n t p ro t e c t i o n me a s u re s i n t h e e a r t h f i e l d
After the fetching in the earth field is completed, and when the
engineering measures such as slope adjustment of excavation area,
leveling and cleaning of the underside, casing (casing source is the
topsoil stripped before earth fetching, and the casing thickness is
about 30cm), appropriate plant protection measures shall be taken on
the bottom of the fetching pit, side slope and platform. Through the
green initiatives of sowing grass seed, planting shrubs, and
conservation and management measures of wat ering, fertilizing, and
soil moisture to ensure seedling survival rate, the purposes of soil
and water conservation and the erosion control may be achieved. The
shrub spacing is 1 × 1m.
A total of 121.00hm2 rehabilitation area will be adopted for the earth
fields across the line, 270,000 shrubs will be planted, and 88.60hm 2
grass seed will be spread.
6 . 5 Te m p o r a r y p ro t e c t i o n m e a s u re s o f s t r i p p e d t o p s o i l i n
the earth field
Before the fetching in the earth field, the 0~30cm surface layer of
mellow soil shall be scooped and stacked within the earth field. No
new temporary area shall be used. The bottom of the stockpiled soil
shall be protected with temporary straw. The surface of the
temporary stockpiling shall be smooth and compacted and covered
with a tarp to prevent the erosion of rain runoff. Temporary soil
drains shall be set up around the foot of the stockpiling slope, so that
the water collected may be discharged into the existing drainage
system around to prevent the new soil erosion. After completion o f
the earth fetching, the topsoil shall be backfilled and leveled to
facilitate the reclamation and revegetation.
A total of 32.40×104m3 topsoil is stripped in the earth fields across
the line, with the temporary block retaining length of 12, 585m, the
stripping topsoil covering tarpaulin of 129,600m 2, temporary drains
of 4401m3, and temporary settling basins of 33.
Table 14 Protection Measures for Borrow pits
Re-vegetation and
planting protection
N
o
Administration
Location
Area
（hm2
）
Soils
amount
（m3）
Levelin
g
(hm2)
Temporary measures for stripping tops soils
Bushe
s
Grassin
g（m2）
Top
soils
（m3）
Temp
retainin
g length
（m）
Soils
in
bags
（m3
）
Grass
bag
（Nr）
Paulin
（m2）
Temp
drainag
e（m3）
Temp
settlin
g tank
（Nr）
1
Wanquan, Taishizhuang
CK5+000 left 5000m
2.00
64212
2.00
0
20000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
Huai’an Chunfa Company
CK25+000 right 2000m
4.00
185330
4.00
0
40000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
Huai’an Nanxingtun
CK35+500 left 2500m
6.67
293970
6.67
16667
46667
20000
727
727
10178
8000
0
0
4
Huai’an Lijiayao
CK37+300 left 3000m
4.67
164408
4.67
11667
32667
14000
584
584
8176
5600
0
0
5
Huai’an Dukoupu,
Caijiantan
CK51+000 left 60m
4.00
180000
4.00
10000
28000
12000
454
454
6356
4800
0
0
6
Huai’an Dukoupu,
Manzhoupo
CK57+000 right 1000m
2.00
81177
2.00
5000
14000
6000
227
227
3178
2400
0
0
7
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Gaomiaozi
CK80+600left1500m
2.67
95967
2.67
6667
18667
8000
357
357
4998
3200
184
1
8
Xinghe, Chengguan, Qijia
CK91+000 right 300m
1.00
83527
1.00
2500
7000
3000
156
156
2184
1200
73
1
9
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Mqiaocun
CK93+400 right 200m
1.00
12481
1.00
2500
7000
3000
156
156
2184
1200
73
1
1
0
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Haoqiancun
CK99+200 right 800m
4.00
110410
4.00
10000
28000
12000
454
454
6356
4800
262
2
1
1
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Dongshihao
CK103+000 left 2000m
4.00
86408
4.00
10000
28000
12000
454
454
6356
4800
262
2
1
2
Xinghe,
Minzutuanjiexiang,
Sihihaocun
CK110+400 left 1000m
2.00
45025
2.00
0
20000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
Xinghe, e’erdong,
Dianzicun
CK112+000 left 200m
1.00
21570
1.00
2500
7000
3000
156
156
2184
1200
73
1
1
4
Xinghe, e’erdong,
CK114+000 right 200m
1.67
29456
1.67
4167
11667
5000
192
192
2688
2000
110
1
1
5
Xinghe, e’erdong,
CK117+000~+300 left hill
3.33
46570
3.33
8333
23333
10000
409
409
5726
4000
224
2
Dianzicun
Dianzicun
1
6
Chayouqianqi,
Pingdiquanzhen,
Laijiadicun
CK166+100~+500 right hill
13.33
105476
13.33
33333
93333
40000
1544
1544
21616
16000
878
7
1
7
Zhuozi, Shibataizhen,
Yushugoucun
CK188+000~+600 right hill
3.33
96669
3.33
8333
23333
10000
409
409
5726
4000
224
2
1
Zhuozi,
CK190+000~CK195+000left
6.67
53345
6.67
16667
46667
20000
727
727
10178
8000
431
3
8
Shibataizhen,hafengjingc
un
hill
1
9
Zhuozi, Zhuozishan,
Dongtan
CK205+100~CK206+600 right
hill
6.67
54583
6.67
16667
46667
20000
727
727
10178
8000
431
3
2
0
Zhuozi, Lihuazhen,
Sidaogou
CK247+050left2000m
4.00
173341
4.00
10000
28000
12000
454
454
6356
4800
262
2
2
1
Hohhot, Saihan, Yulin,
Shimengou
CK261+350left3500m
14.00
155089
14.00
35000
98000
42000
1589
1589
22246
16800
916
7
2
2
Hohhot, Saihan, Yulin,
Sanyingyao
CK267+100 right 3200m
5.00
86160
5.00
0
50000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
Hohhot, Saihan,
Yulin,Qiannaimobancun
CK274+200left2200m
12.67
182043
12.67
31667
88667
38000
1492
1492
20888
15200
0
0
2
4
Hohhot, Saihan, Bayan,
Tengjiaying
CK280+000left2100m
11.33
97144
11.33
28333
79333
34000
1317
1317
18438
13600
0
0
121.00
250436
0
121.00
27000
0
886000
32400
0
12585
1258
5
17619
0
12960
0
4401
33
Total
7.
Disposal Sites
7.1 Earth disposal site
There are 18 earth disposal sites, total earth disposed will be
4320700m3, occupying 54.8hm2.
7 . 2 Tu n n e l s p o i l s d i s p o s a l s i t e
There will be 52 spoil disposal sites, total spoils disposed will be
10726400m3, occupying 121.21hm2.
7 . 3 D e s i g n o f re t a i n i n g w a l l
On the principle of “Firstly retaining and then discarding and
retaining by grading”, adopt mortar flag stone gravity type retaining
wall protection for spoil ground.
To decrease active earth pressure, inclined type is adopted for gravity
type retaining wall this time. When designed, height of retaining wall
is 4 to 8m. When change occurs on height of wall, rectigradation
transition is adopted for size of wall body; slope ratio of wall back is
1:0.25; wall surface is paralleled with wall back. Retaining wall is
adopted for retaining base of ballast slope. Embedded depth of
foundation is not lower than 2.0m. The part below ground of wall
body is made into step-form, to increase stability of wall body;
basement is made into reverse slope, to increase resis ting
overturning ability of wall body.
φ100 PVC pipe is embedded for retaining wall body and is used as
escape hole, distance is 2m×2m. Intercepting ditch and drainage ditch
is set at ballast top. Bottom part of ditch must be backfilled densely.
Set one settlement joint each 10m longitudinally for the ditch; width
of joint is 2~3cm. For earthy spoil, filtration bed of crushed stone
with width of about 500mm needs to be set behind wall to facilitate
drainage and avoid elapse of fine soil in earth filling. S et blind drain
in the middle of wall body with bigger height.
7.4 Drainage design
Drainage shall be provided at the top and foot of the disposal sites in
order to timely discharge runoff to avoid soil erosion and threats to the
retaining wall.
7 . 5 D e s i g n o f s p o i l g ro u n d s l e v e l i n g a n d e a r t h b a c ki n g
After spoil is completed, top part of spoil ballast should be leveled.
To facilitate recovery of vegetation, mature soil of certain thickness
should be covered onto soil body and buffer top after leveled; earth
backing comes from stripped surface soil of spoil grounds.
7 . 6 R e c l a ma t i o n a n d g re e n i n g d e s i g n f o r s p o i l g ro u n d s
After site leveling and earth backing work is completed for spoil,
through combining local actual situation, adopt reclamation measure
for spoil grounds occupying fallow land for the project and adopt
protection measure of grass planting and shrub planting for spoil
grounds occupying timberland and not using land.
7 . 7 D e s i g n o f t e mp o r a r y re t a i n i n g me a s u re f o r s t r i p p e d
surface soil for spoil grounds
For spoil grounds where vegetation recovery is to be made, before
spoil, shovel mature soil by about 0~30cm of surface and stack them
within the scope of spoil grounds without newly increasing occupied
area. Temporary straw bag is adopted for retaini ng bottom part of
stacked soil. Level and compact surface of temporary stacked soil, use
fabric for covering and build drainage ditch for temporary soil and
make rainfall runoff influx before make it be successfully discharged
into surrounding trench and o ther existing drainage system, to avoid
causing new soil and water erosion. After spoil project is completed,
level soil body and buffer, cover stripped surface soil, to facilitate
land reclamation and greening.
Table 15 Site specific management of soil disposal sites
Dispo
sal
quant
ity
（m3
）
Dispo
sal
depth
（m）
Cleara
nce
and
levelin
g
(hm2)
Retaining and
fencing
Greening
Temporary measures for stripping tops soils
C25
Retain
ing
wall
（m3）
C25
Concr
ete
drain
age
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Temp.
drain
age
（m3
）
Temp
settli
ng
tank
（Nr
）
N
o
Administration
Location
Area
（hm
2）
1
Huai’an, Dukoubao,
Caijiantan
CK52+100left60m
2.00
15022
3
7.51
2.00
257
172
5000
1400
0
6000
227
227
317
8
240
0
0
0
2
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Qinjiaaocun
CK77+750left400m
5.33
30618
1
5.74
5.33
606
404
1333
3
3733
3
1600
0
650
650
910
0
640
0
357
3
3
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Qinjiaaocun
CK82+200left1500m
2.00
15309
1
7.65
2.00
262
175
5000
1400
0
6000
227
227
317
8
240
0
131
1
4
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Qinjiaaocun
CK83+100left100m
2.00
10206
0
5.10
2.00
198
132
5000
1400
0
6000
227
227
317
8
240
0
131
1
5
Xinghe, Chengguan,
yangpocun
CK85+300 right 300m
2.00
15309
1
7.65
2.00
262
175
5000
1400
0
6000
227
227
317
8
240
0
131
1
6
Xinghe, Chengguan,
yangpocun
CK88+600 right 300m
6.67
40824
1
6.12
6.67
1140
760
1666
7
4666
7
2000
0
811
811
113
54
800
0
446
3
7
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Qijiacun
CK91+000 right 300m
4.67
25515
1
5.47
4.67
495
330
1166
7
3266
7
1400
0
584
584
817
6
560
0
315
2
8
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Maqiaocun
CK93+400 right 200m
2.00
15970
0
7.99
2.00
237
158
5000
1400
0
6000
227
227
317
8
240
0
131
1
9
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Haoqiancun
CK99+200 right 800m
5.33
42560
1
7.98
5.33
724
483
1333
3
3733
3
1600
0
636
636
890
4
640
0
354
3
1
0
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Dongshihaocun
CK103+400 right 200m
6.67
53260
0
7.99
6.67
257
172
1666
7
4666
7
2000
0
811
811
113
54
800
0
446
3
1
1
Xinghe, Chengguan,
Dongshihaocun
CK107+500left1500m
2.00
15970
0
7.99
2.00
267
178
5000
1400
0
6000
227
227
317
8
240
0
131
1
1
2
Zhuozi, Shibatai,
Huangqitancun
CK183+000~CK184+000
right 240m
4.00
31669
3
7.92
4.00
627
418
1000
0
2800
0
1200
0
454
454
635
6
480
0
262
2
1
3
Zhuozi, bayinxile,
Dahaicun
CK197+000~CK198+000le
ft 山沟
4.00
33478
0
8.37
4.00
663
442
1000
0
2800
0
1200
0
454
454
635
6
480
0
262
2
1
4
Zhuozi, Lihuazhen,
Tuchengzi
CK233+500left50m
1.13
53345
4.71
1.13
103
69
2833
7933
3400
176
176
246
4
136
0
83
1
1
5
Zhuozi, Qixiaying,
Lvmeiping
CK252+750
2.00
24702
2
12.35
2.00
479
320
5000
1400
0
6000
227
227
317
8
240
0
131
1
1
6
Zhuozi, Qixiaying,
Lvmeiping
CK254+330
0.67
19761
8
29.64
0.67
0
0
1667
4667
2000
130
130
182
0
800
53
0
1
7
Sihanqu, Yulinzhen,
Shihaoyao
CK256+400
1.67
24702
2
14.82
1.67
479
320
4167
1166
7
5000
220
220
308
0
200
0
115
1
1
8
Sihanqu,
Yulinzhen,Sanhaoyao
CK257+120
0.67
11857
1
17.79
0.67
0
0
1667
4667
2000
130
130
182
0
800
53
0
54.80
43206
88
54.8
7060
4707
1370
00
3836
00
1644
00
664
5
664
5
930
30
657
60
3531
26
Total
Table 16 Mitigation measures for spoils disposal sites
Retaining and
fencing
Greening measures
N
o
Spoils disposal site
and location
Area
（hm2）
Dispos
al
quanti
ty
（m3
）
1
Dajianshan Portal
entrance
393931
4.18
9.43
2
Dajianshan #1shaft
366082
4.00
3
Dajianshan #2 shaft
488109
4
Dajianshan #3 shaft
5
Dispos
al
depth
（m）
Clearan
ce and
levelin
g (hm2)
Temporary measures for stripping tops soils
M10
intercepti
on and
drainage
(m3)
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Temp.
draina
ge
（m3）
Temp
settli
ng
tank
（Nr
）
Revegetation(h
m2)
Bush
es
Grassi
ng
（m2）
M10
retaini
ng
wall(m
3)
4.18
3.84
833
2333
3652
4173
1253
2
459
459
6426
5013
0
0
9.16
4.00
3.86
333
933
3393
3878
1198
6
454
454
6356
4795
0
0
5.40
9.04
5.40
5.26
333
933
4525
5171
1619
0
668
668
9352
6476
217
3
488109
5.32
9.17
5.32
5.19
333
933
4525
5171
1597
0
651
651
9114
6388
213
3
Dajianshan4 shaft
390487
4.60
8.50
4.60
4.46
333
933
3620
4137
1378
9
461
461
6454
5516
166
2
6
Dajianshan exit
341676
4.14
8.25
4.14
3.81
833
2333
3167
3620
1242
1
458
458
6412
4968
157
2
7
Xishihao entrance
102493
1.23
8.31
1.23
0.90
833
2333
950
1086
3701
154
154
2156
1481
50
1
8
Xishihao exist
108662
1.30
8.39
1.30
0.96
833
2333
1007
1151
3886
155
155
2170
1555
51
1
9
Dalianggou entrance
95274
1.29
7.41
1.29
0.95
833
2333
883
1009
3857
155
155
2170
1543
51
1
1
0
Dalianggou exit
95274
1.29
7.41
1.29
0.95
833
2333
883
1009
3857
155
155
2170
1543
51
1
1
1
Jiabazi entrance
270393
3.04
8.91
3.04
2.70
833
2333
2506
2864
9108
373
373
5222
3643
122
2
1
2
Jiabazi exit
270393
3.04
8.91
3.04
2.70
833
2333
2506
2864
9108
373
373
5222
3643
122
2
1
3
Xiying Entrance
125758
1.43
8.81
1.43
1.09
833
2333
1166
1332
4282
170
170
2380
1713
56
1
1
4
Xiying exit
125758
1.43
8.81
1.43
1.09
833
2333
1166
1332
4282
170
170
2380
1713
56
1
1
5
Liujiagou entrance
205184
2.21
9.27
2.21
1.88
833
2333
1902
2174
6642
232
232
3248
2657
82
1
1
6
Liujiagou exit
205184
2.21
9.27
2.21
1.88
833
2333
1902
2174
6642
232
232
3248
2657
82
1
1
7
Dongtukan entrance
291957
3.40
8.59
3.40
3.06
833
2333
2706
3093
1019
4
411
411
5754
4078
135
2
Greening measures
N
o
Spoils disposal site
and location
Area
（hm2）
Dispos
al
quanti
ty
（m3
）
1
8
Dongtukan 1 shaft
208541
2.47
8.43
1
9
Dongtukan exit
250249
2.98
2
0
Yiyuanxing entrance
83416
2
1
Xituken entrance
2
2
Dispos
al
depth
（m）
Clearan
ce and
levelin
g (hm2)
Retaining and
fencing
Temporary measures for stripping tops soils
M10
intercepti
on and
drainage
(m3)
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Temp.
draina
ge
（m3）
Temp
settli
ng
tank
（Nr
）
Revegetation(h
m2)
Bush
es
Grassi
ng
（m2）
M10
retaini
ng
wall(m
3)
2.47
2.14
833
2333
1933
2209
7420
252
252
3528
2968
90
1
8.40
2.98
2.65
833
2333
2320
2651
8939
407
407
5698
3576
127
1
1.24
6.75
1.24
0.90
833
2333
773
884
3709
155
155
2170
1484
50
1
47974
0.81
5.90
0.81
0.48
833
2333
445
508
2439
152
152
2128
975
63
1
Xituken exit
47974
0.81
5.90
0.81
0.48
833
2333
445
508
2439
152
152
2128
975
63
1
2
3
Lujiabuzi entrance
55967
0.89
6.27
0.89
0.56
833
2333
519
593
2678
154
154
2156
1071
64
1
2
4
Lujiabuzi exit
55967
0.89
6.27
0.89
0.56
833
2333
519
593
2678
154
154
2156
1071
64
1
2
5
Dabaiying entrance
77703
1.11
7.00
1.11
0.78
833
2333
720
823
3330
190
190
2660
1332
54
1
2
6
Dabaiying exit
77703
1.11
7.00
1.11
0.78
833
2333
720
823
3330
190
190
2660
1332
54
1
2
7
Gonghudong entrance
134163
1.47
9.10
1.47
1.14
833
2333
1244
1421
4422
200
200
2800
1769
63
1
2
8
Gonghudong exit
137385
1.54
8.91
1.54
1.21
833
2333
1274
1455
4628
202
202
2828
1851
64
1
2
9
Gujiapu entrance
286170
3.19
8.96
3.19
2.86
833
2333
2653
3032
9581
421
421
5894
3832
133
2
3
0
Gujiapu exit
279705
3.13
8.94
3.13
2.80
833
2333
2593
2963
9387
247
247
3458
3755
101
2
3
1
Zhangjiabu entrance
151262
1.85
8.20
1.85
1.51
833
2333
1402
1602
5536
210
210
2940
2214
71
1
3
2
Zhangjiabu exit
146358
1.80
8.15
1.80
1.46
833
2333
1357
1550
5389
210
210
2940
2155
70
1
3
3
Chengbuzi entrance
59830
0.79
7.59
0.79
0.45
833
2333
555
634
2365
150
150
2100
946
63
1
3
4
Chengbuzi exit
59769
0.79
7.59
0.79
0.45
833
2333
554
633
2363
150
150
2100
945
63
1
3
Baliang exit
71736
1.05
6.83
1.05
0.72
833
2333
665
760
3151
158
158
2212
1260
47
1
Greening measures
Spoils disposal site
and location
Area
（hm2）
Dispos
al
quanti
ty
（m3
）
3
6
Mogaitu entrance
75452
1.09
6.94
3
7
Mogaitu exit
74991
1.08
3
8
Daxigou entrance
72639
3
9
Liangshanentrance
4
0
Dispos
al
depth
（m）
Clearan
ce and
levelin
g (hm2)
Retaining and
fencing
Temporary measures for stripping tops soils
M10
intercepti
on and
drainage
(m3)
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Temp.
draina
ge
（m3）
Temp
settli
ng
tank
（Nr
）
Revegetation(h
m2)
Bush
es
Grassi
ng
（m2）
M10
retaini
ng
wall(m
3)
1.09
0.75
833
2333
699
799
3262
160
160
2240
1305
48
1
6.93
1.08
0.75
833
2333
695
794
3249
160
160
2240
1299
48
1
1.06
6.86
1.06
0.73
833
2333
673
770
3178
160
160
2240
1271
48
1
261510
2.95
8.87
2.95
2.61
833
2333
2424
2770
8841
381
381
5334
3537
122
1
Liangshan #1 shaft
345935
3.76
9.20
3.76
3.51
833
2333
3207
3665
1128
4
421
421
5894
4514
143
2
4
1
Liangshan #2 shaft
334138
3.72
8.97
3.72
3.32
833
2333
3097
3540
1117
4
421
421
5894
4470
143
2
4
2
Liangshan exit
320321
3.22
9.96
3.22
2.88
833
2333
2969
3393
9645
405
405
5670
3858
131
2
4
3
Naobaowan exit
176441
1.77
9.97
1.77
1.44
833
2333
1636
1869
5308
194
194
2716
2123
67
1
4
4
Xiaopingdingshan
entrance
483905
4.85
9.97
4.85
4.52
833
2333
4486
5126
1455
6
606
606
8484
5822
196
2
4
5
Xiaopingdingshan exit
631537
6.32
9.99
6.32
5.99
833
2333
5854
6690
1897
0
704
704
9856
7588
241
3
4
6
Shanghaocun exit
76994
0.94
8.17
0.94
0.61
833
2333
714
816
2829
156
156
2184
1132
64
1
4
7
Duguigou entrance
181011
1.92
9.42
1.92
1.59
833
2333
1678
1918
5763
227
227
3178
2305
75
1
4
8
Duguigou exit
181011
1.92
9.42
1.92
1.59
833
2333
1678
1918
5763
227
227
3178
2305
75
1
4
9
Xiaobaiyangou
entrance
286937
2.89
9.92
2.89
2.56
833
2333
2660
3040
8681
379
379
5306
3472
120
1
5
0
Xiaobaiyangou exit
288168
2.89
9.96
2.89
2.56
833
2333
2671
3053
8681
379
379
5306
3472
120
1
5
1
Quyangyaogou
entrance
168070
1.71
9.83
1.71
1.38
833
2333
1558
1780
5129
206
206
2884
2052
68
1
5
2
Quyangyaogou exit
170705
1.71
9.98
1.71
1.38
833
2333
1582
1808
5129
206
206
2884
2052
68
1
N
o
5
N
o
Spoils disposal site
and location
Total
Greening measures
Area
（hm2）
Dispos
al
quanti
ty
（m3
）
Dispos
al
depth
（m）
Clearan
ce and
levelin
g (hm2)
107263
63
121.22
438.17
121.22
Retaining and
fencing
Revegetation(h
m2)
Bush
es
Grassi
ng
（m2）
M10
retaini
ng
wall(m
3)
104.70
4133
3
11573
3
99429
Temporary measures for stripping tops soils
M10
intercepti
on and
drainage
(m3)
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Top
soils
（m3
）
Temp.
draina
ge
（m3）
Temp
settli
ng
tank
（Nr
）
113632
3636
73
1487
7
1487
7
2082
78
1454
69
4694
61
8.
Access Roads
Because of construction vehicles rolling, surface of construction
detour is disturbed, vegetation is being destroyed and soil and water
erosion will be easily produced. Therefore, we put forward following
prevention and treatment measure and suggestions for construction
detour soil and water erosion:
(1) Fully
use
existing
rural
road
and
road
as
transportation
road,
decrease quantity and length of newly built road. For newly built
construction detour, reasonably plan strike direction, length and
width of construction detour, decrease disturbance scope on surface,
control soil and water erosion.
(2) When constructing construction detour, through combining relief and
existing
traffic
condition,
we
should
set
it
through
combining
construction of incoming road and rural road as possible. Adopt road
building scheme with small influence of disturbing surface. Decrease
excavation
and
fill
on
large
scale.
Spoil
ballast
produced
from
construction detour should be removed and u sed for being filled and
be allocated and used. Spoil which cannot be allocated should be
discarded into centralized earth -fetching area of main project design.
(3) During building process of road, strengthen retaining measure for
excavated earthwork and slope and avoid entrance of soil and ballast
into farmland, to avoid causing soil and water erosion
.
(4) Construction detour should be set within land expropriation scope of
railway as possible. Try to avoid crossing forestry grass land with
high coverage rate of vegetation.
(5) Waste earthwork produced from developing construction detour must
be
timely
cleaned
and
unitively
handled.
Do
not
freely
discard
because it will provide loose soil source to soil and water erosion.
Strictly regulate drive route of vehicles during construct ion process.
(6) After use of construction detour is completed, we should negotiate
with local relative departments according to actual situation. Try to
make construction detour used locally and make it further used as
maintenance road of railway. For road w hich cannot be used, adopt
site control measures of cleaning and leveling according to concrete
situation and adopt plant protection measure of planting shrubs and
spreading grass seed for restoration.
After construction is ended, the area needing to be c leaned and
leveled is 46.27hm2 for prevention and treatment of construction
detour; the area spreading grass seed reaches 46.27hm 2.
Table 17 Management of access roads
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Landfor
m
Plain
Plain
Plain
Hills
Hills
Hills
Hills
Hills
Length
（km）
Singl
e
track
Doub
le
track
Clearan
ce and
levelin
g
（hm2）
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Wangquan
0.52
0.60
0.30
0.52
0.52
CK011+260~CK068+300
Huai’an
5.90
7.00
3.00
5.90
5.90
CK068+300~CK073+310
Shangyi
CK074+560~CK076+900
Xinghe
0.57
0.60
0.40
0.57
0.57
CK073+310~CK074+560
Shangyi
CK076+900~CK124+215
Xinghe
5.90
7.00
3.00
5.90
5.90
CK124+215~CK151+080
Chanyouqianqi
8.26
9.80
4.20
8.26
8.26
1.18
1.40
0.60
1.18
1.18
起讫里程
Administration
Area
（hm2）
CK000+000~CK002+570
Zhangjiakou
CK002+570~CK011+260
Grassin
g
（hm2
）
9
Plain
CK163+498~CK179+317
Jining
10
Pain
CK151+080~CK152+303
Chayouqianqi
11
Pain
Hills
CK160+796~CK163+498
Jining
CK152+303~CK160+796
Chayouqianqi
2.36
2.80
1.20
2.36
2.36
CK179+317~CK255+248
Zhuozi
14.38
16.80
7.70
14.38
14.38
CK255+248~CK269+500
Hohhot
4.85
5.80
2.40
4.85
4.85
12
13
14
Hills
Hills
15
Plain
CK269+500~CK291+000
16
Hills
Sections by Second Jibaoline
17
Plain
Section by Jingbao line(double
line)
Total
Hohhot
Hohhot
Zhangjiakou
2.36
2.80
1.20
2.36
2.36
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
46.27
54.60
24.00
46.27
46.27
9.
Preve n t i on an d Tre at m e n t M e as ure fo r M an ufa ct uri n g an d
Living Area for Construction
Because of influence of artificial activities at construction site and
camp site, surface vegetation and soil structure within land use scope
of site and camp site will be easily destroyed, and it will cause losing
original soil and water conservation func tion. Therefore, following
protection measures should be adopted:
(1) When select address for construction site, under the premise meeting
principle of proximity, try to use surrounding idle site or uncropped
soil. Build of manufacturing and living houses at construction site,
tools and stone material stacking and material processing site and
arrangement
of
all
other
temporary
manufacturing
and
living
facilities should be guaranteed reasonable, tidy and orderly. Try to
more use local existing place, avoid occu pying more land caused by
casualness of temporary project building and avoid damaging soil and
water conservation function.
(2) Definitely set position and scope of construction site and camp site.
Do not freely expand scope during construction process and no t freely
change address. Avoid occupying more land caused by fluidity of
engineering
construction
and
clarify
environmental
protection
responsibility of construction site.
(3) After
construction
is
ended,
temporary
facilities
built
during
construction process should be handed to local government through
combining
opinion
from
local
government.
Clean
waste
from
construction site and camp site surface and carry out necessary
leveling. Adopt vegetation measure of spreading grass for ground
which can be greened and recover its soil and water conservation
function.
After construction is ended, adopt cleaning and leveling measure for
temporarily occupied construction site and camp site for the project
and involved area reaches 147.99hm 2, the area spreading grass see d
is147.99hm2.
Table 18 Management of Construction field `
No
Landfo
rm
Milestone
Admnistration
Area
（hm2
）
Clear
ance
and
leveli
ng
（hm2
Grassi
ng
（hm2
）
）
1
2
Plain
Plain
3
Plain
4
CK000+000~CK002+570
CK002+570~CK011+260
CK011+260~CK068+300
0
0
0
1.19
1.19
1.19
38.15
38.15
38.15
2.37
2.37
2.37
17.56
17.56
17.56
36.68
36.68
36.68
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.47
1.47
1.47
30.36
30.36
30.36
16.37
16.37
16.37
Hohhot
2.65
2.65
2.65
Hohhot
0
0
0
Hohhot
0
0
0
Zhangjiakou
Wangquan
Huai’an
CK068+300~CK073+310
5
Hills
Hills
6
Hills
CK073+310~CK074+560
7
Hills
CK076+900~CK124+215
8
Hills
CK124+215~CK151+080
Shangyi
CK074+560~CK076+900
Xinghe
Shangyi
9
10
11
Plain
Pain
Chanyouqianqi
CK163+498~CK179+317
Chayouqianqi
CK160+796~CK163+498
12
13
Hills
CK179+317~CK255+248
14
Hills
CK255+248~CK269+500
16
17
Plain
Jining
CK151+080~CK152+303
Pain
Hills
15
Xinghe
CK152+303~CK160+796
CK269+500~CK291+000
Hills
Sections by Second
Jibaoline
Plain
Section by Jingbao
Jining
Chayouqianqi
Zhuozi
Hohhot
No
Landfo
rm
Milestone
Admnistration
Area
（hm2
）
Clear
ance
and
leveli
ng
（hm2
Grassi
ng
（hm2
）
）
line(double line)
Total
147.9
9
147.9
9
147.9
9