PROPOSED
STANDARD SAVINGS ESTIMATION PROTOCOL FOR
SCIENTIFIC IRRIGATION SCHEDULING
Submitted to
REGIONAL TECHNICAL FORUM
Submitted by
CASCADE ENERGY
5257 NE MLK Jr. Blvd., STE 301
Portland, OR 97211
November 6, 2012
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. PURPOSE............................................................................................................ 1
2. SUNSET CRITERIA ................................................................................................. 1
3. DEFINITION
OF KEY TERMS ..................................................................................... 1
4. ELIGIBLE PROJECTS ............................................................................................... 2
5. REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS OF PRACTITIONER ................................................... 2
6. DELIVERY VERIFICATION ......................................................................................... 3
7. DATA COLLECTION REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................... 3
7.1. Farm Characteristics .......................................................................................................... 4
7.2. Pump Station Characteristics ............................................................................................. 5
8. PROVISIONAL DATA REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 8
9. SIMPLEST RELIABLE SAVINGS ESTIMATION PROCEDURE .................................................. 8
9.1. Pump Station Calculation Order ........................................................................................ 8
9.2. Look up Climatic Area by State and County....................................................................... 9
9.3. Look up ETcum and Pcum by Climatic Area and Crop .......................................................... 13
9.4. Look up ASM by Soil Type and Crop ................................................................................ 20
9.5. Look up Eappl by Irrigation System Type and Crop ........................................................... 22
9.6. Calculate WR and Water Savings ..................................................................................... 24
9.7. Repeat steps 9.3 through 9.5 ........................................................................................... 24
9.8. Calculate Pump TDH ........................................................................................................ 24
9.9. Estimate Pump System Efficiency .................................................................................... 24
9.10. Calculate Energy Savings................................................................................................ 25
10. SAMPLING PROCEDURE ...................................................................................... 25
11. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER PROTOCOLS AND GUIDELINES ............................................. 25
12. TYPICAL COST OF APPLYING THIS PROTOCOL ........................................................... 26
13. USER’S GUIDE TO THE SAVINGS CALCULATOR .......................................................... 26
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
1. PURPOSE
This protocol establishes a method by which annual electrical energy savings (kWh) can be estimated for
Scientific Irrigation Scheduling (SIS). This protocol references the “Phase II Study” which refers to “A
Study of Irrigation Scheduling Practices in the Northwest, Phase II: Measurement of Water and
Electricity Impacts,” June 30, 2005, Quantec. The Phase II study underlies the methods and assumptions
in this protocol.
This protocol specifies minimum acceptable data collection requirements and the method by which
these data are to be used in computing savings. For some data elements, alternative sources of data,
considered to be of superior quality, are also allowed. Annual energy savings are computed using the
MicrosoftTM Excel®-based “Scientific Irrigation Scheduling Savings Calculator” that accompanies this
document to ensure standardized application of the savings estimation methods.
2. SUNSET CRITERIA
This protocol shall be in place until such time that a protocol revision is proposed and adopted, or by
November 2017, whichever comes first.
3. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
AgriMet Station. The Bureau of Reclamation maintains a series of automated weather stations in
irrigated agricultural areas. Data from these stations is used to calculate ETcum and Pcum values for crops
located near the station.
ASM. Antecedent soil moisture, the water stored in the soil at the end of dormancy. Units are inches of
water.
Centrifugal Pump. An above-ground irrigation pump with a short shaft between the motor and the
impeller, typically used as a booster pump or on canal systems.
Climatic Area. Regions of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho that correspond to particular AgriMet
Stations.
Critical Soil Moisture Level. A predetermined minimum soil moisture level determined before the
season by the irrigation expert and the field manager. Irrigation should be initiated at this level.
Eappl. The combined application efficiency of the irrigation water transport system including all
distribution losses such as pipe leakage and spray losses.
Energy Savings. The electrical kWh saved by applying SIS for the season.
Energy Savings. The electrical energy saved by applying SIS for the season. Units are kWh.
ETcum. The cumulative amount of water that leaves the soil (evaporation) or crop vegetation
(transpiration) over the season. Units are inches of water.
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Pcum. The total precipitation from the break of dormancy to the last cutting. Units are inches of water.
Pressure Gauge Elevation. The height of the pressure gauge above the pump discharge. Units are feet.
Pressure Gauge Reading. The outgoing water pressure as read on a gauge near the pump. Units are psi.
Pump Motor Horsepower. The pump motor nameplate horsepower. Units are hp.
Pump System Efficiency. The combined efficiency of the pump and motor system to convert electrical
power into hydraulic power.
Season. The period from the break of dormancy to the last cutting.
Soil Moisture Model. A tool used by the irrigation expert to model soil moisture during the season and
provide irrigation recommendations to the field manager.
Soil Type. (clay, clay loam, fine sand, fine sandy loam, loam, loamy sand, sand, sandy clay, sandy clay
loam, sandy loam, silt loam, silty clay, very fine sandy loam) Soil type impacts the water ASM
assumptions for a particular crop.
Suction Head. The typical elevation of the water source above the pump suction. Units are feet.
TDH. Total Dynamic Head, a measure of the energy that an irrigation pump transfers to the water.
Units are feet.
Total Treated Acres. This is the acreage of a particular crop that is being treated by SIS.
Turbine Pump. A pump with one or several stacked impellers mounted at the bottom of a vertical shaft
from the motor. Turbine Pumps are typically used at river pump stations and wells.
Water Savings. The volume of water saved by using SIS. Units are acre-feet.
WR. The gross water requirement for the crop over the season accounting for evapotranspiration,
precipitation, antecedent soil moisture, and irrigation efficiency. This is the calculated amount of water
that would be pumped. Units are inches of water.
4. ELIGIBLE PROJECTS
For the purposes of this protocol, eligible projects must practice SIS as described below.
SIS is an irrigation practice that involves knowledge of crop consumptive use (evapotranspiration),
measurements of soil moisture, and measurement of the amount of water applied.
5. REQUIRED KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS OF PRACTITIONER
The practitioner responsible for entering data into a savings calculator to develop project-specific
energy savings must possess the following:

A basic understanding of the Key Terms in Section 3.

The ability to recognize unrealistic values that may be used as inputs for Equations 1 through 4.
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling

A working understanding of pump systems, including: head, pressure, flow, elevation, horsepower,
wire to water pump station efficiency, etc.
6. DELIVERY VERIFICATION
The following delivery verification steps are taken by the program operator to ensure that SIS was
implemented as intended and is capable of achieving reliable energy savings:
Review season long charts that show the following data:

Crop consumptive use (evapotranspiration)

Soil moisture

Irrigation water application
7. DATA COLLECTION REQUIREMENTS
The following data must be collected and entered into the SIS Savings Calculator. The minimum
acceptable procedure for obtaining the data is specified.
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
7.1. Farm Characteristics
Project Name, State, and County of Farm.
Sketch of Pumping System, Pump Station Name(s). Create a simple sketch of the pumping system.
Label each pump station and the SIS crops served by each pump station. Non-SIS crops can be noted or
ignored.
Figure 1: Pumping System Sketch
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Crops, Crop Acres on Each Pump Station, Soil Type, and System Type. Create a table for each pumping
system listing the crop, total acres of each SIS crop on the pumping system, and soil type. Ignore nonSIS crops. The crop, acre, and soil type data will be available from the grower. A sample table is given
below.
Table 1: Sample Table of Crops, Soil Type, and Acres by Pumping System
Booster Station 2
Crop
Acres
Potatoes
83
Field Corn
40
Soil Type
Loam
Loam
System Type
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Booster Station 1
Crop
Acres
Field Corn
122
Sugar Beets
59
Soil Type
Loam
Loam
System Type
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Main Pump Station
Crop
Acres
Potatoes
107
Alfalfa
75
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
System Type
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
7.2. Pump Station Characteristics
For each pump station under evaluation, determine the following:
Water Source.

Booster. Use this for pumps receiving pressurized irrigation water from a piping system.

Canal

River

Well

Other
Suction Head. The typical elevation of the water source above the pump suction. Units are feet.

This value is nearly always positive for irrigation pumps. A positive value represents a suction
head, and negative represents suction lift.

For a river station using a turbine pump, the suction head is the average river surface level
height above the pump impeller suction. The pump impeller(s) are at the bottom of the shaft,
below the water line.
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling

For a well station using a turbine pump, the suction head is the average aquifer water level
above the pump impeller suction. The pump impeller(s) are at the bottom of the shaft, below
the water line.

For a canal pump station using a centrifugal pump, the suction head is the height of the canal
surface water level above the pump.

For a booster station which receives pressurized water from a pipe, the suction head is the inlet
pressure to the pump in psi x 2.307 ft head/psi.
Pressure Gauge Reading. The typical outgoing water pressure as read on a gauge near the pump. Units
are psi.

This pressure gauge (if present) is usually located in the same general area as the pump motor.

Make sure the gauge is on the discharge side of the pump, not the suction side.
Pressure Gauge Elevation. The height of the pressure gauge above the pump discharge. Units are feet.

For a river station or well station using a turbine pump, the pressure gauge is likely 10 to 30 feet
(or more) above the pump impeller discharge. The pump impellers discharge water below the
water line.

For a canal pump station using a centrifugal pump, the pressure gauge elevation is likely positive
(above the pump discharge) but could also be negative (below the pump discharge) if the
discharge piping leads downhill to the gauge.
Pump Motor Horsepower. The motor nameplate horsepower of each pump on the system. Units are
hp.

6
For a multiple pump system, list the hp of each pump, such as “150, 150, 250 hp.”
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 2: Sample Pump Station Characteristics
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
8. PROVISIONAL DATA REQUIREMENTS
No provisional data collection is required.
9. SIMPLEST RELIABLE SAVINGS ESTIMATION PROCEDURE
Savings are estimated using the SIS Savings Calculator that accompanies this protocol. Savings are
estimated as follows.
9.1. Pump Station Calculation Order
The calculations are simple for a single pump station that serves crops directly, such as a well station
serving several fields. However, if there is a main pump station (such as a river station) that supplies
water to other booster pump stations, some care must be taken to account for all pump energy savings,
and to not double count water savings. In this case, perform calculations in the following order:

Begin with the pump station furthest from the water source, such as Booster Station 2 in Figure 2.

Proceed to the next pump station, closer to the water source, such as Booster Station 1 in Figure 2.
Continue this process until all secondary or booster pump stations are complete.

Finish with the primary or main pump station at the water source, such as the Main Pump Station in
Figure 2.
8

If there are SIS crops served directly by the primary pump station, then there will be associated
water and pump energy savings.

If there are no SIS crops served directly by the primary pump station, there will still be primary
pump system energy savings, as the primary pump station will supply less water to downstream
pump stations.

When calculating the total water savings for the primary pump station, include the water
savings for crops served directly by the primary pump station (if any), and also include the water
savings from downstream systems. This method will give the appropriate calculation for kWh
savings for the primary pump station.

To calculate the total water savings, sum the water savings for each of the pump systems.
Cascade Energy
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Figure 2: Pump Station Analysis Order
9.2. Look up Climatic Area by State and County
Table 3 lists states, counties, and their climatic areas. Figure 3 shows climatic areas by county.
If a field borders another climatic area, it may be more appropriate to use the neighboring climatic area
data. If an alternate climatic area is used, indicate the reason and which climatic area data was used.
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 3: States, Counties, and Climatic Areas
Idaho
Counties
Ada
Adams
Bannock
Bear Lake
Benewah
Bingham
Blaine
Boise
Bonner
Bonneville
Boundary
Butte
Camas
Canyon
Caribou
Cassia
Clark
Clearwater
Custer
Elmore
Franklin
Fremont
Gem
Gooding
Idaho
Jefferson
Jerome
Kootenai
Latah
Lemhi
Lewis
Lincoln
Madison
Minidoka
Nez Perce
Oneida
Owyhee
Payette
Power
Shoshone
Teton
Twin Falls
Valley
Washington
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Climatic Area
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Southeast
Southeast
Panhandle
Teton
North Central
Magic Valley
Panhandle
Teton
Panhandle
North Central
North Central
Magic Valley
Southeast
Twin Falls
Teton
Panhandle
North Central
Magic Valley
Southeast
Teton
Magic Valley
Twin Falls
Panhandle
Teton
Twin Falls
Panhandle
Panhandle
North Central
Panhandle
Twin Falls
Teton
Twin Falls
Panhandle
Southeast
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Southeast
Panhandle
Teton
Twin Falls
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Oregon
Counties
Baker
Benton
Clackamas
Clatsop
Columbia
Coos
Crook
Curry
Deschutes
Douglas
Gilliam
Grant
Harney
Hood River
Jackson
Jefferson
Josephine
Kalamath
Lake
Lane
Lincoln
Linn
MalheurMalheurMarion
Morrow
Multnomah
Sherman
Tillamook
Umatilla
Union
Wallowa
Wasco-East
Wasco-West
Washington
Wheeler
Yamhill
Climatic Area
Baker
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Medford
Central OR
Medford
Central OR
Medford
Hermiston
Central OR
Burns
Hood River
Medford
Central OR
Medford
Kalamath
Burns
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Malheur
Jordan
Willamette
Hermiston
Willamette
Hermiston
Willamette
Hermiston
La Grande
La Grande
Hermiston
Hood River
Willamette
Central OR
Willamette
Washington
Counties Climatic Area
Adams
Moses Lake
Asotin
Walla Walla
Benton-South Horse Hev'n
Benton-NW Yakima
Benton-NE
Moses Lake
Chelan
Omak
Clallam
Puget Sound
Clark
Southwest
Columbia-NorthRitzville
ColumbiaWalla Walla
Cowlitz
Southwest
Douglas
Omak
Ferry
Omak
Franklin
Moses Lake
Garfield
Ritzville
Grant-South Moses Lake
Grant-North Omak
Grays Harbor Puget Sound
Island
Jefferson
Puget Sound
King
Puget Sound
Kitsap
Kittitas
Ellensburg
Klickitat
Horse Hev'n
Lewis
Southwest
Lincoln
Omak
Mason
Puget Sound
Okanogan
Omak
Pacific
Southwest
Pend Oreille Omak
Pierce
Puget Sound
San Juan
Skagit
Puget Sound
Skamania
Southwest
Snohomish
Puget Sound
Spokane
Omak
Omak
Stevens
Thurston
Puget Sound
Wahkiakum Southwest
Walla Walla Walla Walla
Whatcom
Puget Sound
Whitman
Ritzville
Yakima-North Ellensburg
Yakima-South Yakima
Cascade Energy
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Figure 3a: Idaho Climatic Areas by County
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Figure 4b: Oregon Climatic Areas by County
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Figure 5C: Washington Climatic Areas by County
9.3. Look up ETcum and Pcum by Climatic Area and Crop
For the each crop currently served by the current pump station, look up ETcum and Pcum.
Tables 4, 5, and 6 provide this data for Idaho, Oregon, and Washington by climatic area and crop. An
AgriMet station corresponds with each climatic area. Net Water Rqmt. is also shown in Tables 4-6,
which is the ETcum minus Pcum.
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
The practitioner may use alternate ETcum or Pcum data from a more representative AgriMet station or
other data source if the data source is documented and a description of why the substituted data is
preferable is given.
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 4: Water Requirements by Climatic Area and Crop - Idaho
State
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
Idaho
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Climatic Area AgriMet Station
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
Magic Valley
North Central
North Central
North Central
North Central
North Central
North Central
North Central
Panhandle
Panhandle
Panhandle
Panhandle
Panhandle
Panhandle
Panhandle
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Teton
Teton
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Nampa
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Fairfield
Moscow
Moscow
Moscow
Moscow
Moscow
Moscow
Moscow
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Southeast
Fort Hall
Fort Hall
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Twin Falls
Crop
Alfalfa
Beans
Field Corn
Mint
Onions
Orchard
Pasture
Peas
Potatoes
Shepody potatoes
Spring Wheat
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Wine grapes
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Beans
Peas
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
ETcum, in
42.00
20.50
26.70
27.50
28.50
36.80
32.50
15.20
26.90
24.80
25.70
34.30
22.40
25.20
23.30
29.30
20.00
26.00
23.40
19.50
21.60
18.40
27.00
17.20
23.70
21.00
17.20
16.60
15.00
32.60
21.80
27.50
26.20
22.70
20.50
21.00
24.20
28.00
17.20
13.50
24.40
30.30
20.60
Net Water
Pcum, in Rqmt, in
1.70
0.78
0.80
2.06
2.69
1.70
1.70
2.57
2.40
2.40
0.94
3.20
2.05
2.67
1.51
1.20
0.58
1.20
1.20
0.53
0.69
0.75
2.18
1.69
2.11
2.18
1.69
2.09
2.09
2.66
1.26
2.66
2.66
1.23
1.47
1.68
1.49
3.61
1.07
3.00
1.83
4.37
1.86
40.30
19.72
25.90
25.44
25.81
35.10
30.80
12.63
24.50
22.40
24.76
31.10
20.35
22.53
21.79
28.10
19.42
24.80
22.20
18.97
20.91
17.65
24.82
15.51
21.59
18.82
15.51
14.51
12.91
29.94
20.54
24.84
23.54
21.47
19.03
19.32
22.71
24.39
16.13
10.50
22.57
25.93
18.74
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Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 5: Water Requirements by Climatic Area and Crop - Oregon
State
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
16
Climatic Area AgriMet Station
Baker
Baker
Baker
Baker
Baker
Baker
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Burns
Central OR
Central OR
Central OR
Central OR
Central OR
Central OR
Central OR
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hermiston
Hood River
Hood River
Hood River
Hood River
Hood River
Hood River
Hood River
Jordan
Jordan
Jordan
Jordan
Jordan
Jordan
Jordan
Crop
Baker
Alfalfa
Baker
Field Corn
Baker
Orchard
Baker
Pasture
Baker
Spring Wheat
Baker
Winter Wheat
Christmas Valley Alfalfa
Christmas Valley Field Corn
Christmas Valley Orchard
Christmas Valley Pasture
Christmas Valley Potatoes
Christmas Valley Spring Wheat
Christmas Valley Winter Wheat
Madras
Alfalfa
Madras
Field Corn
Madras
Orchard
Madras
Pasture
Madras
Potatoes
Madras
Spring Wheat
Madras
Winter Wheat
HERO/HRMO
Alfalfa
HERO/HRMO
Field Corn
HERO/HRMO
Orchard
HERO/HRMO
Pasture
HERO/HRMO
Spring Wheat
HERO/HRMO
Winter Wheat
HERO/HRMO
Beans
HERO/HRMO
Grass seed
HERO/HRMO
Potatoes
Hood River
Alfalfa
Hood River
Field Corn
Hood River
Orchard
Hood River
Pasture
Hood River
Potatoes
Hood River
Spring Wheat
Hood River
Winter Wheat
Ontario
Alfalfa
Ontario
Field Corn
Ontario
Orchard
Ontario
Pasture
Ontario
Potatoes
Ontario
Spring Wheat
Ontario
Winter Wheat
ETcum, in
27.70
29.90
35.60
22.50
24.50
23.00
34.30
0.00
0.00
28.10
18.90
22.30
26.30
39.20
29.00
35.00
31.30
24.90
25.80
24.20
41.90
31.60
43.10
33.40
27.10
23.00
18.81
12.96
19.50
35.30
0.00
28.50
29.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
36.70
24.50
33.20
29.60
24.40
25.30
22.80
Net Water
Pcum, in Rqmt, in
2.24
1.57
1.57
2.24
0.92
1.74
1.45
0.96
1.50
1.45
0.00
0.51
1.09
1.38
0.96
1.50
1.38
0.63
0.76
0.99
1.79
1.46
1.79
1.75
1.61
1.60
0.75
1.91
2.01
3.44
2.00
3.30
3.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.81
0.94
1.09
1.81
1.00
1.51
1.47
25.46
28.33
34.03
20.26
23.58
21.26
32.85
-0.96
-1.50
26.65
18.90
21.79
25.21
37.82
28.04
33.50
29.92
24.27
25.04
23.21
40.11
30.14
41.31
31.65
25.49
21.40
18.06
11.05
17.49
31.86
-2.00
25.20
25.96
0.00
0.00
0.00
34.89
23.56
32.11
27.79
23.40
23.79
21.33
Cascade Energy
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 5 continued: Water Requirements by Climatic Area and Crop – Oregon
State
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Cascade Energy
Climatic Area AgriMet Station
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
Klamath
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
La Grande
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Malheur
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Willamette
Willamette
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Klamath Falls
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Imbler
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Ontario
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Medford
Corvallis/Aurora
Corvallis/Aurora
Crop
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Beans
Onions
Peas
Poplars 1st
Poplars 2nd
Poplars 3rd
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Grass seed
Orchard
Pasture
Poplars 3rd
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Sugar beets
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Beans
Field Corn
Onions
Orchard
Pasture
Poplars 1st
Poplars 2nd
Poplars 3rd
Potatoes
Shepody potatoes
Spring Wheat
Sugar beets
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Potatoes
Wine grapes
ETcum, in
35.40
0.00
32.00
27.90
18.90
23.30
25.00
23.40
32.00
12.20
23.98
37.74
46.18
30.97
24.40
32.60
26.90
14.40
32.10
25.90
31.20
21.70
22.10
25.80
20.70
41.70
20.80
27.80
29.10
37.70
33.60
24.00
37.40
45.10
27.40
26.50
28.70
34.20
25.90
37.10
21.30
27.70
29.40
18.90
21.00
18.60
25.70
24.10
Pcum, in
2.00
0.96
1.50
2.00
0.13
1.99
1.99
0.82
1.14
1.63
1.42
1.42
1.42
1.14
0.98
3.76
2.62
4.70
2.62
3.75
4.41
2.34
1.53
4.56
2.90
1.81
0.74
0.94
2.81
1.09
1.81
3.11
3.11
3.11
2.04
1.90
1.51
2.90
1.47
4.37
0.83
2.82
4.37
2.00
2.99
2.88
6.87
7.44
Net Water
Rqmt, in
33.40
-0.96
30.50
25.90
18.77
21.31
23.01
22.58
30.86
10.57
22.56
36.32
44.76
29.83
23.42
28.84
24.28
9.70
29.48
22.15
26.79
19.36
20.57
21.24
17.80
39.89
20.06
26.86
26.29
36.61
31.79
20.89
34.29
41.99
25.36
24.60
27.19
31.30
24.43
32.73
20.47
24.88
25.03
16.90
18.01
15.72
18.83
16.66
17
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 6: Water Requirements by Climatic Area and Crop – Washington
State
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
18
Climatic Area AgriMet Station
Ellensburg
Ellensburg
Ellensburg
Ellensburg
Ellensburg
Ellensburg
Ellensburg
Ellensburg
Horse Hev'n
Horse Hev'n
Horse Hev'n
Horse Hev'n
Horse Hev'n
Horse Hev'n
Horse Hev'n
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Moses Lake
Harrah
Harrah
Harrah
Harrah
Harrah
Harrah
Harrah
Harrah
HERO/Bickleton
HERO/Bickleton
HERO/Bickleton
HERO/Bickleton
HERO/Bickleton
HERO/Bickleton
HERO/Bickleton
George
George
George
George
George
George
George
George
George
George
Crop
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Sweet corn
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Beans
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Peas
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Sugar beets
Winter Wheat
ETcum, in
31.20
20.80
27.70
24.80
21.00
24.20
20.70
21.80
37.30
28.40
38.70
30.10
26.60
24.40
20.70
36.40
19.10
24.00
33.80
28.70
16.80
26.30
23.60
33.20
21.00
Net Water
Pcum, in Rqmt, in
0.99
0.77
0.95
0.99
0.77
0.95
1.32
0.95
1.79
1.46
1.50
1.79
1.46
1.61
2.22
1.79
0.79
1.05
1.55
1.80
1.31
1.49
1.66
1.99
1.67
30.21
20.03
26.75
23.81
20.23
23.25
19.38
20.85
35.51
26.94
37.20
28.31
25.14
22.79
18.48
34.61
18.31
22.95
32.25
26.90
15.49
24.81
21.94
31.21
19.33
Cascade Energy
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 6 continued: Water Requirements by Climatic Area and Crop – Washington
State
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Washington
Cascade Energy
Climatic Area AgriMet Station
Omak
Omak
Omak
Omak
Omak
Omak
Omak
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Ritzville
Ritzville
Ritzville
Ritzville
Ritzville
Ritzville
Ritzville
Ritzville
Ritzville
Southwest
Southwest
Southwest
Southwest
Southwest
Southwest
Southwest
Walla Walla
Walla Walla
Walla Walla
Walla Walla
Yakima
Yakima
Manson/Omak
Manson/Omak
Manson/Omak
Manson/Omak
Manson/Omak
Manson/Omak
Manson/Omak
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Odessa
Odessa
Odessa
Odessa
Odessa
Odessa
Odessa
Odessa
Odessa
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Willamette
Lind
Lind
Lind
Lind
Harrah
Harrah
Crop
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Grass seed
Orchard
Pasture
Peas
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Potatoes
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Beans
Grass seed
Peas
Potatoes
Grass seed
Sweet corn
ETcum, in
32.00
22.00
29.00
25.90
25.90
21.10
18.90
25.80
17.30
14.50
20.10
14.90
12.20
11.40
27.90
19.60
17.40
24.80
22.10
14.30
26.10
17.30
17.30
34.40
23.10
19.30
26.80
19.90
16.30
15.20
18.40
15.60
8.80
21.10
17.64
21.96
Net Water
Pcum, in Rqmt, in
2.18
1.67
2.11
2.18
1.69
2.09
2.09
5.85
3.25
6.89
5.83
2.58
5.84
4.30
1.75
0.84
2.29
1.55
1.80
1.59
2.81
1.28
1.71
5.85
3.25
6.89
5.83
2.58
5.84
4.30
0.51
2.05
1.15
1.51
1.45
1.32
29.82
20.33
26.89
23.72
24.21
19.01
16.81
19.95
14.05
7.61
14.27
12.32
6.36
7.10
26.15
18.76
15.11
23.25
20.30
12.71
23.29
16.02
15.59
28.55
19.85
12.41
20.97
17.32
10.46
10.90
17.89
13.55
7.65
19.59
16.19
20.64
19
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
9.4. Look up ASM by Soil Type and Crop
Table 7 lists this data by Soil Type and Crop.
20
Cascade Energy
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 7: Antecedent Soil Moisture (ASM) By Soil Type and Crop
Soil Type
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Clay Loam
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sand
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Fine Sandy Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Cascade Energy
Crop
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
ASM,
in
3.90
2.93
2.93
1.73
2.19
2.19
3.89
0.47
1.15
0.86
0.41
0.41
1.73
1.73
2.48
3.89
0.56
1.15
3.71
2.80
2.76
1.67
2.07
2.07
3.72
0.45
1.10
0.83
0.40
0.40
1.65
1.65
2.38
3.72
0.54
1.10
1.37
1.04
1.04
0.58
0.75
0.75
1.35
0.16
0.40
0.30
0.14
0.14
0.60
0.60
0.86
1.35
0.20
0.40
2.54
1.89
1.90
1.15
1.44
1.44
2.54
0.30
0.75
0.56
0.27
0.27
1.13
1.13
1.62
2.54
0.37
0.75
3.38
2.54
2.53
1.50
1.90
1.90
3.38
0.41
1.00
Soil Type
Loam, Continued
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loam
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Loamy Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sand
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Sandy Clay Loam
Crop
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
ASM,
in
0.75
0.36
0.36
1.50
1.50
2.16
3.38
0.49
1.00
1.50
1.17
1.15
0.69
0.86
0.86
1.52
0.18
0.45
0.34
0.16
0.16
0.68
0.68
0.97
1.52
0.22
0.45
1.17
0.91
0.86
0.52
0.69
0.69
1.18
0.14
0.35
0.26
0.13
0.13
0.53
0.53
0.76
1.18
0.17
0.35
3.90
2.93
2.93
1.73
2.19
2.19
3.89
0.47
1.15
0.86
0.41
0.41
1.73
1.73
2.48
3.89
0.56
1.15
3.58
2.67
2.65
1.55
2.01
2.01
3.55
0.43
1.05
0.79
0.38
0.38
1.58
1.58
2.27
3.55
0.51
1.05
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silt Loam
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Very Fine Sandy Loam
Crop
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
Potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
ASM,
in
2.34
1.76
1.78
1.04
1.32
1.32
2.37
0.28
0.70
0.53
0.25
0.25
1.05
1.05
1.51
2.37
0.34
0.70
3.71
2.80
2.76
1.67
2.07
2.07
3.72
0.45
1.10
0.83
0.40
0.40
1.65
1.65
2.38
3.72
0.54
1.10
3.90
2.93
2.93
1.73
2.19
2.19
3.89
0.47
1.15
0.86
0.41
0.41
1.73
1.73
2.48
3.89
0.56
1.15
3.19
2.41
2.42
1.44
1.78
1.78
3.21
0.38
0.95
0.71
0.34
0.34
1.43
1.43
2.05
3.21
0.47
0.95
21
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
9.5. Look up Eappl by Irrigation System Type and Crop
Table 8 lists this data by System Type and Crop.
22
Cascade Energy
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 8: Irrigation System Efficiencies (Eappl) by Crop
System Type
Crop
Eappl
System Type
Crop
Eappl
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Center Pivot/Linear Move
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Drip/Micro
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Furrows/Rills/Corrugations
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Other Surface Methods
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Orchard
Poplars 1st
Poplars 2nd
Poplars 3rd
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
80.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%
85.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
85.0%
80.0%
80.0%
85.0%
85.0%
85.0%
85.0%
85.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
85.0%
80.0%
80.0%
63.0%
55.0%
75.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
55.0%
58.0%
45.0%
70.0%
50.0%
50.0%
50.0%
35.0%
35.0%
35.0%
35.0%
35.0%
45.0%
45.0%
45.0%
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Solid Set
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Traveling Big Gun
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Wheel Line/Hand Lines
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Poplars 1st
Poplars 2nd
Poplars 3rd
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
Alfalfa
Field Corn
Orchard
Pasture
Spring Wheat
Winter Wheat
Poplars 1st
Poplars 2nd
Poplars 3rd
Wine grapes
Onions
Beans
Peas
Shepody potatoes
potatoes
Sugar beets
Sweet corn
Canola
Hops
Mint
Grass seed
75.0%
73.0%
85.0%
70.0%
70.0%
70.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
70.0%
70.0%
70.0%
70.0%
70.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%
80.0%
75.0%
75.0%
70.0%
62.0%
62.0%
62.0%
62.0%
75.0%
60.0%
60.0%
60.0%
60.0%
60.0%
65.0%
65.0%
65.0%
75.0%
65.0%
65.0%
75.0%
73.0%
85.0%
70.0%
70.0%
70.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
80.0%
65.0%
65.0%
65.0%
65.0%
65.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%
80.0%
70.0%
70.0%
Cascade Energy
23
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
9.6. Calculate WR and Water Savings
The annual gross water requirement is calculated using Equation 1 below. Units are inches.
𝑊𝑅 =
𝐸𝑇𝑐𝑢𝑚 − 𝑃𝑐𝑢𝑚 − 𝐴𝑆𝑀
𝐸𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙
Eq. (1)
The Phase II Study recommends estimating 10% water savings for using SIS. Water savings is calculated
using Equation 2 below. Units are acre-feet.
𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 =
𝑊𝑅 × 10% × 𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑟𝑜𝑝
12
Eq. (2)
9.7. Repeat Steps 9.3 through 9.5
For each crop using SIS on the current pump station, repeat steps 9.3 through 9.5. When complete, add
all of the water savings together for the pump station and proceed to the following step.
9.8. Calculate Pump TDH
For the purposes of this analysis, the suction and discharge friction head are assumed to be negligible.
The change in velocity head is also assumed to be negligible.
Calculate the total dynamic head for the current pumping station using Equation 3 below. Units are feet.
𝑇𝐷𝐻 = (𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝐺𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑥 2.307) + 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝐺𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑆𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑑
Eq. (3)
9.9. Estimate Pump Station Efficiency
For the current pump station, look up the pump system efficiency in Table 9 by water source, pump
type, pump horsepower, and TDH. This represents the “wire to water” efficiency including motor and
pump losses. If the pump station has several pumps, do not use the combined horsepower. Instead,
use the pump horsepower with the greatest run hours per year.
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Cascade Energy
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
Table 9: Pump Station Efficiency
Water
Source
Booster
Booster
Booster
Canal
Canal
Canal
River
River
Well
Well
Other
Pump
Pump
TDH
Pump Station
Type
Horsepower
feet
Efficiency
Centrifugal
Under 50
N/A
0.68
Centrifugal
50 to 99
N/A
0.70
Centrifugal 100 or Over
N/A
0.73
Centrifugal
Under 50
N/A
0.68
Centrifugal
50 to 99
N/A
0.70
Centrifugal 100 or Over
N/A
0.73
Turbine
N/A
100 and Under
0.69
Turbine
N/A
Over 100
0.66
Turbine
N/A
100 and Under
0.69
Turbine
N/A
Over 100
0.66
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.65
9.10. Calculate Energy Savings
Calculate the energy savings using Equation 4. Units are kWh.
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 =
1.0239 𝑥 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 𝑥 𝑇𝐷𝐻
𝑃𝑢𝑚𝑝 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦
Eq. (4)
Energy savings are assumed to be proportional to water savings. This equation assumes an average
water temperature of 50°F at a density of 62.41 pounds per cubic foot. The 1.0239 factor includes the
water density and a unit conversion to kWh.
10. SAMPLING PROCEDURE
No sampling is permitted by this protocol.
11. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER PROTOCOLS AND GUIDELINES
This protocol is based on three sources:

The Phase II Study: “A Study of Irrigation Scheduling Practices in the Northwest, Phase II:
Measurement of Water and Electricity Impacts,” June 30, 2005, Quantec.

The Excel-based SIS Calculator developed in 2006 as a result of the Phase II study.

The SIS Calculator User Guide that corresponds to the 2006 SIS Calculator.
Cascade Energy
25
Standard Savings Estimation Protocol - Scientific Irrigation Scheduling
12. TYPICAL COST OF APPLYING THIS PROTOCOL
An estimate of typical cost of applying this protocol to a single pump station and associated SIS crops is
shown below. This assumes that travel to the site will not be necessary and that the grower had ready
information on pump station characteristics.
Item
Hours $ / Hour
Total Cost
Labor
Practitioner
Data gathering
2
$110
$220
Savings estimate
1
$110
$110
Total
$330
13. USER’S GUIDE TO THE SAVINGS CALCULATOR
Step 1: Enter pump station information using the data collected in Table 2 in Section 7.2. List all pump
stations even if they do not directly serve an SIS field without a booster pump. Give each pump station a
unique name and select the water source from the drop-down menu. For the water source of booster
pumps, select the name of the primary pump station providing water to the booster. This will correctly
account for water savings across multiple stages of pump stations.
Step 2: Enter the state and county, which will determine the representative climatic area and nearest
Agrimet station.
Step 3: Enter crop information using the data collected in Table 1 in Section 7.1. Select the name of the
pump station directly serving each crop using the drop-down menu.
Step 4: If the automatically selected climatic area is not representative of one or more fields, a custom
override can be applied on a field-by-field basis. This override is selected from a dropdown of all climatic
areas in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Documentation should be submitted with the calculator to
justify a climatic area override.
Step 5: Water and energy savings will be correctly totaled when the inputs on all crops and all pump
stations are completed.
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Cascade Energy