27 January 2016
Useful information for instruction permit
applicants
Moped (AM120)
Light quadricycle (AM121)
Finnish Transport Safety Agency 2016
Contents
1 Instruction permit .......................................................................... 1
1.1 Applying for a permit ....................................................................1
1.1.1
Documents 2
1.2 Granting of permits ......................................................................3
1.3 Validity .......................................................................................3
1.4 Cancellation .................................................................................3
1.5 Renewal ......................................................................................4
1.6 Transfer to a driving school ...........................................................4
2 Theory test for instruction permit applicants .................................. 4
2.1 Preparing for a theory test .............................................................5
3 Instruction vehicle .......................................................................... 5
3.1 Instruction vehicle accessories .......................................................5
4 Instruction...................................................................................... 6
4.1 Combining driving school services and permit-based instruction .........6
4.2 Instruction log .............................................................................6
4.3 Form E100...................................................................................6
4.4 Theory instruction ........................................................................7
4.5 Driving instruction ........................................................................7
4.5.1
Passengers in instruction vehicles .....................................8
4.5.2
Driver of the instruction vehicle ........................................8
4.5.3
Manoeuvres instruction and traffic instruction .....................8
5 Driver examination ......................................................................... 8
5.1 Contact details for service points that offer driver examinations .........8
5.2 Eligibility requirements for driver examinations ................................9
5.3 After the theory test .....................................................................9
5.4 Manoeuvres test and driving test ....................................................9
5.5 Rider gear for manoeuvres and driving tests ....................................9
5.6 More information about manoeuvres and driving tests .................... 10
5.7 After the manoeuvres or driving test ............................................. 10
6 Contact information ...................................................................... 10
Finnish Transport Safety Agency 2016
1 Instruction permit
Applications for instruction permits are handled by the Finnish Transport
Safety Agency (Trafi) to ensure that there are no obstacles to granting
the permit. Trafi can grant an instruction permit to any individual who is
not deemed to be ineligible due to previous traffic violations or their
character. More information about the criteria for granting instruction
permits is available from service points that offer driver examinations.
Instruction permits for moped driving licences (AM120) can be granted to
individuals who have turned 21 and who have held a moped driving licence (issued after 19 January 2013) or a motorcycle driving licence for
at least three years.
A category M driving licence issued after 1 June 2011 qualifies an individual to provide instruction, provided that the examination was taken on a
moped.
A category M driving licence issued before 1 June 2011 does not qualify
an individual to provide instruction. Individuals who have the right to ride
a moped solely based on age also cannot get an instruction permit.
Instruction permits for a light quadricycle driving licence (AM121) can be
granted to individuals who have turned 25 and who have held either a
light quadricycle driving licence (issued after 19 January 2013) or a category B driving licence for at least three years. A category M driving licence issued after 1 June 2011 qualifies an individual to provide instruction, provided that the examination was taken on a light quadricycle.
A fee is payable to Trafi for instruction permits.
1.1 Applying for a permit
Prior to applying for an instruction permit, the applicant must pass a theory test at a service point that offers driver examinations. Applicants who
hold a traffic instructor’s qualification do not need to take the theory test.
An alternation inspection is only needed if the vehicle that will be used to
provide instruction needs to have controls for the instructor.
Instruction permit application forms are available at service points that
offer driver examinations. Instruction permit applications and any accompanying documents as specified by Trafi must be submitted to a service point that offers driver examinations.
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Finnish Transport Safety Agency 2016
Required documents for the application:
1. Completed instruction permit application form
The minimum age for the applicant (instructor) for a Category AM120
or AM121 driving licence instruction is 21 years.
2. Instructor’s driving license
If the instruction permit is applied for a moped, instructor’s driving licence for category AM120 or category A needs to have been valid for
at least 3 years.
If the instruction permit is applied for a light quadricycle, instructor’s
driving licence for a light quadricycle or category B needs to have
been valid for at least 3 years.
Learner’s driving licence permit application
The learner needs to have the driving licence permit granted before
booking a time for a theory test.
The application needs to be accompanied by
 passport photographs;
 medical certificate (issued no more than six months previously)
or a valid adolescent’s health certificate; no certificate is needed
if the learner has a valid driving licence;
1.1.1 Documents
1) Completed instruction permit application form
2) Instructor’s driving licence
3) Learner’s licence application, accompanied by
 2 passport photographs
 Medical certificate (issued no more than six
months previously) or a valid adolescent’s health
certificate; no certificate is needed if the learner
has a valid driving licence.
 Written consent from the learner’s guardians, if
the learner is under 18 years old
The learner must also fill in a form that asks about whether he/she already holds a driving licence and whether he/she is banned from driving
in any EU or EEA Member State. More information is available from service points that offer driver examinations.
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1.2 Granting of permits
Instruction permits can be granted no sooner than six months before the
learner is due to reach the required age, which is 15 years for category
AM.
Instruction must not begin until the instructor has obtained an
instruction permit.
1.3 Validity
Instruction permits are valid for a maximum of nine months. If the learner passes his/her moped manoeuvres test or his/her light quadricycle
driving test before the instruction permit expires, the instruction permit
expires upon the passing of the test. The instructor must have his/her
instruction permit with him/her at all times during instruction.
1.4 Cancellation
The Police can cancel an individual’s instruction permit for a number of
reasons. An instruction permit can be cancelled temporarily, if there are
grounds to impose a temporary driving ban on the instructor. The same
provisions that apply to temporary driving bans also apply to the temporary cancellation of instruction permits.
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1.5 Renewal
Trafi cannot renew instruction permits without a good reason. More information is available from service points that offer driver examinations.
1.6 Transfer to a driving school
If a learner fails to pass his/her driving test during the period of validity
of the instruction permit and Trafi refuses to renew the permit, the learner can enrol in a driving school to complete his/her instruction.
2 Theory test for instruction permit applicants
Theory tests for instruction permit applicants are available at service
points that offer driver examinations. The test can be taken in Finnish,
Swedish or English.
The questions in the test are chosen and periodically reviewed by Trafi.
The questions are specially designed for these tests, and they are not
available in the public domain. Some of the providers of learning resources referred to in Section 2.1 also provide courses to prepare for the
test.
More information about theory tests is available from service points that
offer driver examinations and from www.trafi.fi.
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Finnish Transport Safety Agency 2016
2.1 Preparing for a theory test
Trafi does not produce instructions or resources for preparing for theory
tests. The resources below have been brought to our attention. The list is
not exhaustive. Each provider of learning resources is responsible for its
own resources.
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Driving school handbook (moped, tractor, snowmobile), Opetustarvike Oy, www.autokoululiitto.fi
Road traffic handbook, Edita
Traffic regulations: http://www.mintc.fi
Traffic signs: www.liikennevirasto.fi
Finnish Road Safety Council, http://www.liikenneturva.fi
http://www.indriving.com (online theory test exercises)
www.kuljettajaopetus.fi (theory test exercises for instructors and
learners, tools for instructors and learners)
www.opetusluvalla.fi (theory test exercises for instructors and
learners, e-learning environment)
www.netreeni.fi (theory test exercises for instructors and learners)
3 Instruction vehicle
The instruction vehicle must be

a two-wheeled moped or a light quadricycle.
Vehicles used in manoeuvres and driving tests must meet the requirements for instruction vehicles.
3.1 Instruction vehicle accessories
Instruction vehicles must be equipped with the following:

A learner plate, which must be a white equilateral triangle, where
each side is between 16 and 25 cm long
o Placed in a visible location at the rear of the vehicle, not covering the licence plate or lights, or
o Attached to the learner’s back (moped), or
o Attached to the instructor’s back, if the instructor is a passenger on the vehicle (light quadricycle without a chassis)

During instruction on a moped or a light quadricycle with seats behind each other (e.g. quad bikes), the instructor must give his/her
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Finnish Transport Safety Agency 2016
instructions via a radio transmitter, and the learner must have a
receiver for this.

For light quadricycles with seats behind each other (e.g. quad
bikes), a separate brake or brake pedal for the instructor, which
controls all wheels, if the instructor is a passenger on the vehicle
during instruction; a passed alteration inspection

For light quadricycles with seats next to each other, a separate
brake pedal for the instructor and an external rear-view mirror; a
passed alteration inspection
4 Instruction
Learner instruction must be provided in accordance with the syllabus confirmed by Trafi. The syllabus can be found, for example, at www.trafi.fi.
4.1 Combining driving school services and permit-based instruction
Permit-based learner instruction can also include theory and driving instruction purchased from a driving school. The instruction permit holder
can choose which components of instruction to purchase from a driving
school. However, the instruction permit holder must ensure that the
learner receives the minimum amount of instruction required. Any certificates needed must always be signed by the instruction permit holder.
4.2 Instruction log
The progress of learner instruction must be tracked using an instruction
log for instruction permit holders (form No E506). The components of instruction and the applicable principles are described in more detail in the
syllabus. A template for an instruction log for instruction permit holders
(form No E506) can be found, for example, at www.trafi.fi.
4.3 Form E100
Once instruction has been completed, a note must be made of this in the
certificate of completion of learner instruction and driver examination
certificate (form No E100). Forms are available from service points that
offer driver examinations or from www.trafi.fi.
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4.4 Theory instruction

To be eligible for a moped driving licence, learners must complete
at least six hours of theory instruction, of which at least four hours
must relate specifically to riding a moped.

To be eligible for a light quadricycle driving licence, learners must
complete at least six hours of theory instruction, of which at least
two hours must relate specifically to riding a light quadricycle.
Responsibility for theory instruction rests with the instruction permit
holder. Each theory lesson must be at least 45 minutes long. The topics
and contents of theory lessons are shown in the syllabus.
If the purpose of instruction is to obtain a higher category AM driving licence, a motorcycle driving licence or a car driving licence, the learner
can forgo up to two hours of theory instruction on the basis of moped or
light quadricycle theory instruction received previously, provided that the
syllabi correspond to each other.
4.5 Driving instruction
Driving lessons may not be given on public roads until the learner
has turned 15.
The minimum amount of driving instruction to be provided for applicants
of moped and light quadricycle driving licences is three hours, of which at
least one hour must be manoeuvres instruction and at least two hours
must be in traffic.
Driving instruction may be provided any day of the week, anywhere in
Finland. The length of one driving lesson is at least 50 minutes. Driving
instruction must include riding in different traffic environments and conditions.
If the purpose of instruction is to obtain a higher category AM driving licence, a motorcycle driving licence or a car driving licence, the learner
can forgo up to one hour of driving instruction on the basis of moped or
light quadricycle driving instruction received previously, provided that the
syllabi correspond to each other.
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Finnish Transport Safety Agency 2016
4.5.1 Passengers in instruction vehicles
No passengers or goods may be carried during driving instruction on a
moped.
4.5.2 Driver of the instruction vehicle
In moped or light quadricycle driving instruction, the learner is regarded
as the driver. If the instructor is a passenger on the vehicle during light
quadricycle driving instruction, he/she is regarded as the driver. In a
driving test, the learner is regarded as the driver.
4.5.3 Manoeuvres instruction and traffic instruction
Prior to taking driving instruction to public roads, the learner must be
familiar with the basic concepts of traffic and driving. The learner must
also be sufficiently competent in manoeuvring a moped before riding in
traffic. This so-called manoeuvres instruction should ideally take place
away from public roads.
5 Driver examination
The purpose of a driver examination is to demonstrate that the learner
has mastered the skills covered by learner instruction and is able to apply
them and act safely and flexibly in traffic.
The driver examination consists of a theory test and a manoeuvres or
driving test. Driver examinations are assessed in accordance with Trafi
Regulations. Learners can choose the service point where they take their
examination freely.
5.1 Contact details for service points that offer driver examinations
For contact information, visit www.ajovarma.fi.
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Finnish Transport Safety Agency 2016
5.2 Eligibility requirements for driver examinations
All applicants for theory tests and manoeuvres or driving tests are subject to the following checks:
 Proof of identity (driving licence, passport or other official proof of
identity)
 With regard to manoeuvres and driving tests, that the applicant has
turned 15; the theory test may be taken one month before the age
criterion is satisfied
 Existence of a valid learner’s licence
 That the learner has completed the required theory instruction before taking the theory test
 That the learner has completed all the required learner instruction
before taking the manoeuvres or driving test
 That the learner has passed a theory test corresponding to the application category no more than one year previously (for manoeuvres and/or driving test applicants)
 A completed certificate of completion of learner instruction and
driver examination certificate (Trafi form No E100)
 Instruction permit
More information about taking the theory test can be found at www.trafi.fi.
5.3 After the theory test
Once a learner has passed a theory test, he/she can apply to take the
relevant manoeuvres or driving test. Theory test certificates are valid for
one year.
If a learner fails a theory test, he/she may retake the test the following
day at the earliest.
5.4 Manoeuvres test and driving test
Trafi provides examiners with instructions on manoeuvres and driving
tests. The aim is to ensure that learners are able to apply basic driving
skills independently and safely in different traffic situations.
5.5 Rider gear for manoeuvres and driving tests
Compulsory rider gear for two-wheeled moped manoeuvres tests and
light quadricycle driving tests on a quad bike:
 A correctly secured helmet approved for use in traffic
 Goggles, if necessary
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
As well as the following clothing, suitable for riding a moped, for
added safety:
o Jacket and long trousers
o Gloves and footwear
5.6 More information about manoeuvres and driving tests
Instructions for assessing driving tests can be found at www.trafi.fi.
5.7 After the manoeuvres or driving test
A note of a learner having successfully passed a manoeuvres or driving
test is made on form No E100 (certificate of completion of learner instruction and driver examination certificate). The certificate is valid for a
period of six months and entitles the certificate holder to drive anywhere
in Finland, with the exception of the Åland Islands. The certificate holder
must carry proof of identity when driving. The certificate holder will receive his/her driving licence by post or, if this is not possible, from the
examiner.
If a learner fails a manoeuvres test or a driving test, the examiner can
order him/her to take a maximum of five more driving lessons.
6 Contact information
Finnish Transport Safety Agency (Trafi)
PO Box 320
FI-00101 Helsinki
www.trafi.fi
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