Grade 8 Science Chapter 3 Review Sheet
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: F
Thick fogs are produced off the coast of Newfoundland when the cold Labrador Current meets the warm Gulf
Stream.
2. ANS: T
3. ANS: T
4. ANS: F
Oceans cannot safely absorb an unlimited amount of waste material because they have already reached their
capacity to handle poisonous waste.
5. ANS: F
Climate and weather are words used to describe different things. Weather describes the atmospheric
conditions at any given time. Climate describes the atmospheric conditions averaged over a long period of
time (e.g., 25–30 years).
6. ANS: F
The oceans influence the climate all over the world.
7. ANS: T
8. ANS: T
9. ANS: T
10. ANS: F
During La Niña, equatorial trade winds increase, causing upwelling to increase.
COMPLETION
11. ANS: wetland
12. ANS: run-off
13. ANS: estuary
14. ANS: Phytoplankton
15. ANS: Turbidity
16. ANS: Water
17. ANS: Acid precipitation
18. ANS: Pollution
19. ANS: heat capacity
20. ANS: the Caribbean Sea
21. ANS: Gulf Stream; Labrador Current
22. ANS: aquaculture
MATCHING
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
B
D
A
C
F
A
E
D
B
C
SHORT ANSWER
33. ANS:
Insects are good indicators of water health because certain insect species are more sensitive to pollution than
others. Generally, if there is a large diversity and high population of invertebrates it indicates good water
health. Certain species are typical of clean environments, while other species are typical of polluted
environments. Insect larvae tend to be the most numerous of the biological indicators found in a stream
survey, and they are usually visible to the naked eye. All of these factors make them useful study organisms.
Remember that chemical tests for pH, dissolved oxygen and phosphates may be subject to error. The number
and type of insect larvae should provide you with the most accurate indication of water health.
34. ANS:
Weather is the short-term conditions in the atmosphere at a specific place and time, while climate is the
weather conditions of a specific area averaged over a long period of time.
35. ANS:
The waters off the southeast coast of Florida are part of the Gulf Stream, a warm water current that travels
north along the east coast of North America and then crosses the Atlantic Ocean to England. The warm
current helps create a mild climate in some parts of southwest England.
36. ANS:
Effects
Trade wind speed
Ocean water temperature
Amount of upwelling
Marine life
Climate changes
El Niño
- slower than usual
- warmer than usual
- reduced
- less available nutrients for
phytoplankton to grow
- droughts in Australia, Africa and
Central America
- severe flooding along the west coast
of North and South America
La Niña
- faster than usual
- cooler than usual
- increased
- more nutrients available, so
phytoplankton flourish
- heavy rains in Australia,
Africa and South America
37. ANS:
a) The Labrador Current and the Gulf Stream
b) When the warm, moist air above the Gulf Stream blows over the colder water of the Labrador Current, the
air cools and condenses, producing fog.
PROBLEM
38. ANS:
The ocean stays warmer than the land during the fall and winter months due to the high heat capacity of ocean
water. The ocean remains cooler through the spring and summer. Air that passes over ocean waters is warmed
in the fall and winter months and cooled in the spring and summer months. This regulates the temperature of
the coastal areas. Making the fall and winter warmer and the spring and summer cooler is called a moderating
effect on the climate.