Aligning Curriculum with the Infant-Toddler Standards
PA Pre-K Counts and Keystone STARS require that every program utilize a curriculum that is aligned with
Pennsylvania’s Learning Standards for Early Childhood. Whether it is locally designed, a published resource, or
multiple resources, providers must demonstrate the way in which their materials are linked to the Standards, are
comprehensive (focusing on all or most of the key learning areas of development) and age appropriate, using the
Standards document that best matches the age of the children. This document provides a clear method to show
the alignment of curriculum and the Infant-Toddler Standards.
An outline of the standards and strands for each section of the Infant-Toddler Standards, to be used as a quickreference guide, is below. After this guide, there is a grid in which curriculum and other resources may be listed
to provide a picture of where in the program each standard is addressed. If you need additional assistance with
this format, please contact your Regional Key.
Infant-Toddler Standards and Indicators by Age of the Child and Key Learning Area
All Ages (Infant, Young Toddler, Older Toddler)
Approaches to Learning
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4
Constructing and Gathering Knowledge
15.1.1 Curiosity and Initiative
15.1.2 Risk Taking
15.1.3 Stages of Play
Organizing and Understanding Information
15.2.1 Engagement, Attention and Persistence
15.2.2 Task Analysis
15.2.4 Reasoning and Problem Solving
Applying Knowledge
15.3.1 Creativity, Flexibility and Invention
Learning Through Experience
15.4.1 Home-School Identity
15.4.2 Resilience
15.4.3 Culture
Creative Thinking and Expression
9.1
9.1a
9.1b
9.1c
9.2
9.3
9.4
10/1/11
Production and Performance:
Production and Performance: Music and Movement
9.1a.1 Aesthetic Response
9.1a.2 Exploration
9.1a.3 Creation
Production and Performance: Dramatic and Performance Play
9.1b.1 Dramatic Expression
9.1b.2 Performance
Production and Performance: Visual Arts
9.1c.1 Representation
9.1c.2 Construction
9.1c.3 Personal Connections
Historical and Cultural Context of Works in the Arts
9.2.1 Patterns and Themes
Critical Response to Works of Art
9.3.1 Critical Response
9.3.2 Identification
Aesthetic Response to Works in the Arts
9.4.1 Emotional Response
Page 1 of 15
Mathematical Thinking and Expression
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
Numbers, Number Systems and Number Relationships
2.1.1 Count and Compare Numbers
2.1.2 Represent Numbers in Equivalent Forms
2.1.3 Concepts of Numbers and Relationships
2.1.4 Place Value
2.1.6 Concepts and Applications of Operations
Computation and Estimation
2.2.1 Fluency in Basic Facts
2.2.2 Computation
2.2.4 Numerical Estimation
Measurement and Estimation
2.3.1 Concept of Measurement
2.3.2 Units and Tools of Measurement
2.3.4 Conversions
2.3.6 Measurement and Estimation
Mathematical Reasoning and Connections
2.4.1 Reasoning
Mathematical Problem Solving and Communication
2.5.1 Problem Solving
2.5.2 Communication
Statistics and Data Analysis
2.6.1 Collection of Data
2.6.2 Organization and Display of Data
2.6.3 Numerical Summaries
2.6.5 Interpretation of Data
Probability and Predictions
2.7.1 Calculate Probabilities
2.7.3 Representations of Probabilities
Algebra and Functions
2.8.1 Algebraic Properties
2.8.2 Algebraic Manipulations
2.8.3 Patterns
Geometry
2.9.1 Definitions, Properties and Relations
2.9.2 Transformations and Symmetry
2.9.3 Coordinate Geometry
Scientific Thinking and Technology
3.1
3.1a
3.1b
3.1c
3.2
3.2a
10/1/11
Biological Sciences
Biological Sciences: Living and Non-Living Organisms
3.1a.1 Common Characteristics of Life
3.1a.3 Life Cycles
3.1a.5 Form and Function
3.1a.8 Unifying Themes
3.1a.9 Science as Inquiry
Biological Sciences: Genetics
3.1b.1 Heredity
3.1b.2 Reproduction
3.1b.5 Unifying Themes
Biological Sciences: Evolution
3.1c.2 Adaptation
3.1c.3 Unifying Themes
3.1c.4 Science as Inquiry
Physical Sciences
Physical Sciences: Chemistry
3.2a.1 Properties of Matter
3.2a.2 Structure of Matter
3.2a.4 Reactions
Page 2 of 15
3.2b
Physical Sciences: Physics
3.2b.1 Force and Motion of Particles and Rigid Bodies
3.2b.2 Energy Storage and Transformations: Conservation Laws
3.2b.4 Electrical and Magnetic Energy
3.2b.5 Nature of Waves and Sound
3.2b.6 Unifying Themes
3.2b.7 Science as Inquiry
3.3
Earth and Space Sciences
3.3a. Earth and Space Sciences: Earth Structure, Processes and Cycles
3.3a.1 Earth Features and the Processes that Change It
3.3a.2 Earth’s Resources and Materials
3.3a.4 Water
3.3a.5 Weather and Climate
3.3a.6 Unifying Themes
3.3b Earth and Space Sciences: Origin and Evolution of the Universe
3.3b.1 Composition and Structure
3.4
Technology: Exploration, Inquiry and Invention
3.4a Technology: Exploration, Inquiry and Invention: Scope of Technology
3.4a.1 Characteristics of Technology
3.4a.3 Technology Connections
3.4c Technology: Exploration, Inquiry and Invention: Technology and Engineering Design
3.4c.1 Design Attributes
3.4e Technology: Exploration, Inquiry and Invention: The Design World
3.4e.1 Medical Technologies
3.4e.3 Energy and Power Technologies
3.4e.4 Information and Communication Technologies
3.4e.5 Transportation Technologies
3.4e.7 Construction Technologies
Environment and Ecology
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
Watersheds and Wetlands
Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources
Environmental Health
Agriculture and Society
Ecosystems and their Interactions
Threatened, Endangered and Extinct Species
Humans and the Environment
Environmental Laws and Regulations
Social Studies Thinking
5.1
5.2
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.5
10/1/11
Principles and Documents of Government
5.1.1 Sources, Purpose and Functions of Law
Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship
5.2.1 Civic Rights, Responsibilities and Duties
5.2.2 Sources and Resolution of Conflict
5.2.3 Political Leadership and Public Service
Economic Systems
6.1.2 Traditional, Command and Market Economies
6.1.3 Measures of Economies
Markets and the Functions of Government
6.2.3 Function of Money
6.2.5 Changes in Supply and Demand
Scarcity and Choice
6.3.1 Scarcity and Limited Resources
6.3.3 Allocation of Resources
Work and Earnings
6.5.1 Factors Influencing Wages
6.5.3 Types of Businesses
6.5.7 Costs and Benefits of Saving
Page 3 of 15
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
8.1
Basic Geographic Literacy
7.1.1 Geographic Tools
7.1.2 Places and Regions
Physical Characteristics of Places and Regions
7.2.1 Physical Characteristics
Human Characteristics of Places and Regions
7.3.1 Human Characteristics
Interactions Between People and the Environment
7.4.1 Impact of Physical Systems on People
7.4.2 Impact of People on Physical Systems
Historical Analysis and Skills Development
8.1.1 Continuity and Change Over Time
8.1.2 Historical Comprehension and Interpretation
8.1.3 Research
Health, Wellness and Physical Development
10.1-3 Health and Safe Practices
10.1-3.1 Fundamentals of Good Health
10.1-3.2 Body Awareness
10.1-3.3 Safe Practices
10.1-3.4 Nutrition
10.4 Physical Activity: Gross Motor Coordination
10.4.1 Control and Coordination
10.4.3 Balance and Strength
10.5 Concepts, Principles and Strategies of Movement: Fine Motor Development
10.5.1 Strength, Coordination and Muscle Control
10.5.2 Eye/Hand Coordination
10.5.3 Use of Tools
Language and Literacy
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
10/1/11
Learning to Read Independently
1.1.1 Purposes for Reading
1.1.2 Word Recognition Skills
1.1.3 Vocabulary Development
1.1.4 Comprehension and Interpretation
1.1.5 Fluency
Reading, Analyzing and Interpreting Text
1.2.1 Text Analysis and Evaluation
1.2.2 Text Organization
1.2.3 Fact and Opinion
1.2.5 Inferences
Reading, Analyzing and Interpreting Literature
1.3.1 Analysis and Evaluation
1.3.2 Literary Genres
1.3.3 Literary Elements
1.3.4 Literary Devices
Types of Writing
1.4.1 Narrative
1.4.2 Informational
Quality of Writing
1.5.1 Focus
1.5.2 Content
1.5.3 Organization
1.5.6 Convention
Speaking and Listening
1.6.1 Discussion
1.6.2 Listening Skills
Page 4 of 15
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.6.3 Discussion
1.6.4 Presentation
Characteristics and Functions of the English Language
1.7.1 Communicating in More Than One Language
Research
1.8.1 Inquiry Based Process
1.8.2 Location Information and Citing Sources
1.8.3 Organization and Production of Final Product
Information, Communication, and Technology Literacy
1.9.1 Media and Technology Resources
Partnerships for Learning
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
Connections: Shared Understanding of Family and School Values, Philosophies and Cultures
20.1.1 Information Exchange
20.1.2 Home to School Connections
20.1.3 School to Home Connections
Family Engagement
20.2.1 Shared Governance of Decision-Making
20.2.2 Special Events and Activities
Supporting Children’s Learning
20.3.1 Screening and Assessment
20.3.2 Goal Development
20.3.3 Ongoing Progress Review
20.3.4 Community Supports
Transition
20.4.1 Program Entry
20.4.2 Program Exit
20.4.3 Community Connections
Social and Emotional Development
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.4
10/1/11
Self Concept (Identity)
25.1.1 Self Awareness
25.1.2 Understanding Emotions
25.1.3 Competence
Self Regulation
25.2.1 Emotional Regulation
25.2.2 Behavioral Regulation
Pro-Social Relationships with Adults
25.3.1 Trust
25.3.2 Attachment
Pro-Social Relationships with Peers
25.4.1 Social Identity
25.4.2 Respect and Empathy
Page 5 of 15
Alignment Chart
Infant-Toddler Standards
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
All Ages (Infant, Young Toddler, Older Toddler)
Approaches to Learning
15.1 Constructing and Gathering
Knowledge
15.2 Organizing and Understanding
Information
15.3 Applying Knowledge
15.4 Learning through Experience
Creative Thinking and Expression
9.1a Production and Performance:
Music and Movement
10/1/11
Page 6 of 15
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
9.1b Production and Performance:
Dramatic and Performance Play
9.1c Production and Performance:
Visual Arts
9.2 Historical and Cultural Context
of Works in the Arts
9.3 Critical Response to Works of
Art
9.4 Aesthetic Response to Works in
the Arts
Mathematical Thinking and Expression
2.1 Numbers, Number Systems and
Number Relationships
2.2 Computation and Estimation
10/1/11
Page 7 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
2.3 Measurement and Estimation
2.4 Mathematical Reasoning and
Connections
2.5 Mathematical Problem Solving
and Communication
2.6 Statistics and Data Analysis
2.7 Probability and Predictions
2.8 Algebra and Functions
2.9 Geometry
Scientific Thinking and Technology
3.1a Biological Sciences: Living and
Non-Living Organisms
10/1/11
Page 8 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
3.1b Biological Sciences: Genetics
3.1c Biological Sciences: Evolution
3.2a Physical Sciences: Chemistry
3.2b Physical Sciences: Physics
3.3a Earth and Space Sciences:
Earth Structure, Processes and
Cycles
3.3b Earth and Space Sciences:
Origin and Evolution of the
Universe
3.4a Technology: Exploration,
Inquiry, and Invention: Scope
of Technology
10/1/11
Page 9 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
3.4c Technology: Exploration,
Inquiry, and Invention:
Technology and Engineering
Design
3.4e Technology: Exploration,
Inquiry, and Invention: The
Design World
Environment and Ecology
4.1 Watersheds and Wetlands
4.2 Renewable and Non-Renewable
Resources
4.3 Environmental Health
4.4 Agriculture and Society
4.6 Ecosystems and their
Interactions
4.7 Threatened, Endangered and
Extinct Species
10/1/11
Page 10 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
4.8 Humans and the Environment
4.9 Environmental Laws and
Regulations
Social Studies Thinking
5.1 Principles and Documents of
Government
5.2 Rights and Responsibilities of
Citizenship
6.1 Economic Systems
6.2 Markets and the Functions of
Government
6.3 Scarcity and Choice
10/1/11
Page 11 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
6.5 Work and Earnings
7.1 Basic Geographic Literacy
7.2 Physical Characteristics of Places
and Regions
7.3 Human Characteristics of Places
And Regions
7.4 Interactions Between People and
the Environment
8.1 Historical Analysis and Skills
Development
Health, Wellness and Physical Development
10.1 – 3 Health and Safe Practices
10/1/11
Page 12 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
10.4 Physical Activity: Gross Motor
Coordination
10.5 Concepts, Principles and
Strategies of Movement: Fine
Motor Development
Language and Literacy
1.1 Learning to Read Independently
1.2 Reading, Analyzing and
Interpreting Text
1.3 Reading, Analyzing and
Interpreting Literature
1.4 Types of Writing
1.5 Quality of Writing
10/1/11
Page 13 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
1.6 Speaking and Listening
1.7 Characteristics and Functions of
the English Language
1.8 Research
1.9 Information, Communication ,
and Technology Literacy
Partnerships for Learning
20.1 Connections: Shared
Understanding of Family and
School Values, Philosophies
and Cultures
20.2 Family Engagement
20.3 Supporting Children’s Learning
10/1/11
Page 14 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources
Learning Standard
Where Standard Is Covered in Curriculum
20.4 Transition
Social and Emotional Development
25.1 Self Concept (Identity)
25.2 Self Regulation
25.3 Pro-Social Relationships with
Adults
25.4 Pro-Social Relationships with
Peers
10/1/11
Page 15 of 15
Where Standard Is Covered in Other Resources