Name: ______________________________
Date: _______________________________
Section: ____________________________
Directions: Use this handout to organize your notes as you move through this playlist.
Objective 1: Propagation of Mechanical Waves
Vocabulary:
Mechanical wave:
Sound:
Intensity:
Frequency:
Pitch
Wave front:
Inverse square law:
Notes:
Waves transfer ______________, but not _________________.
Objective 2: Reflection and Diffraction
Vocabulary:
Reflection:
Echolocation:
Diffraction:
Notes:
Reflection:
When waves hit a boundary they cannot move through, they ________________ and return the way they came. All the energy has to go somewhere – it cannot ___________.
Diffraction:
Waves have the ability to bend around ______________, especially after going through a narrow slit.
Echolocation (Sonar):
Some animals use sound to “see” better. And we use sound waves under water for much the same reason.
They send out a sound wave, then _________ how long it takes the reflection wave to come back.
Based on this, they can tell _____________________ the object is.
But in order to “see” the object the object has to be bigger than the sound wave’s ____________________.
You can create two different kinds of SONAR:

1) Uses high frequencies.
2) Uses low frequencies.
High Frequencies
Advantages
Has a small wavelength so it can detect small things.
Creates high resolution “images”
Disadvantage
Limited Range
Low Frequencies Travels farther because takes less energy a larger range.
Can detect objects that are far away.
Can only see big objects.
Limited resolution.
Objective 3: The Doppler Effect
Vocabulary:
Doppler Effect
The Doppler Effect refers to how the perceived _________________ changes based on the movement of the sound
______________ OR the movement of the _________________.
(draw) Sound Wave of a stationary object: (draw)Sound Wave of a moving object:
When the object is moving towards you, you hear a ___________________ frequency because the wave fronts are
__________________________________.
When the object is moving away from you, you hear a ________________ frequency because the wave fronts are
_________________________________.
After watching the Doppler Effect demonstration video, explain why the sound changes as the fire engine approaches and moves past the person video taping:
Notes:
Objective 4: Medium Dependence
Vocabulary:
Medium dependence
Refraction:

Notes:
Medium Dependence in a Sound Wave
The speed of the wave depends on the state and type of medium it is traveling through.
What if there are more particles in the air?
When does this happen?
What if the particles were moving faster?
When does this happen?
What if the particles are closer together?
When does this happen?
In summary, you can increase the speed of sound by:
Medium Dependence in a Light Wave
Light is almost the opposite of sound. Remember it can move _______________________________________________.
So when it is moving through a medium, the particles inside the medium ______________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Depending on the wavelength and the distance between particles in the material, some types of light _______________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________.
To get through, the _________________ of the light has to be smaller than the space between particles.
Objective 5: Wave Interference
Vocabulary:
Constructive interference:
Destructive interference:
In phase or our of phase:
Resonance:
Beat frequency:
Notes:
When two waves move or pass through each other they temporarily ___________ with one another to create a new wave.

The interference does not ____________ the original waves.
After they pass through each other, they continue on undisturbed.
To figure out the size of the _______________, we use the Principle of Superposition.
Principle of Superpostion: The size of the resulting wave is determined by ___________ the amplitudes of the two waves.
There are two types of interference:
Constructive Interference
Constructive interference means the amplitudes
Destructive Interference
Destructive interference means the amplitudes combine to form a _____________ wave. combine to form a ________________ wave.
Most waves are periodic waves, meaning that there are multiple _________________.
When the crests line up with crests of another wave we When the crests line up with troughs of another wave, we say the waves are __________________.
This results in ____________ interference. say the waves are ____________________.
This results in ______________ interference.