PPT Notes Jupiter
Name: ________________________________
Date: _______________________
Jupiter and Saturn have no surfaces
________________ and most ________________ planet in the solar system:
Contains almost ______ of all planetary matter in the ________________ ________________
Most striking features visible from Earth: ________________________________________________
Explored in detail by several space probes:
________________, ________________, ________________, ________________, ________________
Using Kepler’s third law  MJupiter = ______ MEarth (Earth masses)
From radius and mass  Average density of Jupiter ≈ ________ g/cm3
Note: How is this value calculated from the radius and mass?
________________________________________________________________________________
Jupiter cannot be made mostly of rock, like ________________ planets.
Jupiter consists mostly of _____________ and
____________. H2 = ___ %; He = ___ %.
Jupiter is the most rapidly ________________
planet in the solar system:
Rotation period slightly less than ________
________________ forces stretch Jupiter into
a markedly __________ shape. (“Egg shaped”)
Magnetic field at least ________________
stronger than Earth’s magnetic field
Magnetosphere over ________________ larger than Earth’s
Extremely intense _______________ _________________
Very high energy ________________ can be trapped; radiation doses corresponding to ______________times
lethal doses for humans!
Jupiter’s axis of rotation = ______o.
Just like on Earth, Jupiter’s ____________________produces ________________concentrated in rings around
the magnetic ________________.
________________ times more powerful than aurorae on Earth.
Jupiter’s liquid hydrogen ocean has no ________________:
Gradual transition from ________________to
________________ phases as ________________ and
________________ combine to exceed the critical point.
Only very thin ________________above cloud layers;
transition to ________________ ________________ zone
____________________ below clouds
Using the diagram in slide 17:
What 3 compounds are found in the atmosphere from 30 to 100 km below the cloud tops?
________________
________________________________
________________
What are their respective Fahrenheit temperatures?
________________
________________
________________
What happens to the atmospheric temperature as you move farther toward the center of the planet?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Why? ________________________________________________________________________________
Dark belts and bright zones
Zones ________________and ________________
than belts; ________________________________regions of rising gas
Just like on Earth, high-and low-pressure zones are
bounded by ________________-________________
________________.
Jupiter’s Cloud belt structure has remained
________________ since humans began mapping
them.
The Great Red Spot
Several ________________and _____________spots
mixed in with cloud structure.
Largest and most prominent: The ________________________________________________
Has been visible for over ________________years
Formed by rising ________carrying __________from below the clouds, creating a vast, rotating ___________
Jupiter’s Ring: ________________and
________________; only discovered by
________________spacecraft
Composed of ________________particles of
________________material
Not only Saturn, but ________________ gas
giants have rings.
________________spacecraft image of Jupiter’s
ring, illuminated from behind
Rings must be constantly ________________ with new ________________.
Ring material can’t be old because ________________________________and Jupiter’s
________________________________force dust particles to spiral down into the planet.
Comet Impact on Jupiter: Impact of 21 fragments of comet ________________ in 1994 (SL = ShoemakerLevy). Impacts occurred just behind the horizon as seen from Earth, but came into view about 15 min. later.
Impact sites appeared very ________________ in the ________________.
Impacts released energies equivalent to a few ________________ of ________________ (Hiroshima bomb: ~
0.15 megaton)!
Visual: Impacts seen for many days as ________________ ________________
The History of Jupiter
• Formed from cold
________________ in the
outer solar ______________,
where ________________
were able to condense
• In the interior, hydrogen
becomes ________________
(very good electrical
________________)
• Rapid rotation  strong
________________ field
• Rapid rotation and large
size  belt-zone _________
pattern
• ________________ from
________________ impacts
onto inner moons trapped to
form ________________
• Soon able to trap ______
directly through __________
• ________________ materials sink to the ________________
Jupiter’s Family of Moons
• Over ___________________moons known now; new ones are still being discovered.
• Four largest moons already discovered by ________________: The Galilean moons
• ________________
• ________________
• ________________
• ________________
• Interesting and diverse individual geologies