Ch.2 Review
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that all living things share? Movement
A change in an organisms surroundings that causes it to react is called a stimulus
Which of the following do all living things need to survive? Water
Homeostasis refers to an organism’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions
Which of the following would you use to identify an organism? A taxonomic key
Scientists hypothesize that the first life forms on Earth did not need oxygen to survive
To survive on Earth, the first cells needed the ability to use chemical in their surroundings for energy
What is taxonomy? The scientific study of how living things are classified
Why do scientists organize living things into groups? So that they organisms are easier to study
An organism’s scientific name consists of its genus name and its species name
Which is the broadest classification level? Domain
The more classification levels that two organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common
One characteristic used to place organisms into kingdoms is their ability to make food
Which group of organisms includes only multicellular heterotrophs are animals
Which is the most abundant chemical found in living cells? Water
The experiment of Redi and Pasteur helped to demonstrate that living things do not arise from nonliving
material
Which classification level is broader than the kingdom level? Domain
A plant grows toward the light. The plant’s action is an example of a response
Spontaneous generation is a mistaken idea because living things are produced only by living things
The source of energy for most autotrophs is the sun
Which domain(s) include(s) only prokaryotes? Bacteria and Archaea
Which of the following characteristics do all plants share? Being an autotroph
Which kingdoms include both unicellular and multicellular organisms? Fungi and protists
An organism that makes its own food is called a(n) autotroph
A(n) multicellular organisms is a living thing that is composed of many cells
An organism reacts to a stimulus with a(n) response
Organisms that make their own food are called autotrophs
An organism’s ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in its surroundings is called
homeostasis
Most of today’s organisms could not have lived on Earth 3.6 billion years ago because there was no
oxygen in the air then.
A(n) taxonomic key consists of paired statements about the characteristics of different organisms.
Scientists think that the first life forms on Earth probably were unicellular heterotrophs, did not need
oxygen to survive, and lived in Earth’s oceans
The process of grouping things based on similarities is called classification
Biologists find taxonomy useful because this scientific study gives them much information about an
organism based on its classification.
The first word in an organism’s scientific name is its genus
In the modern classification system used by biologists, the broadest level of organization is called a(n)
domain
Each genus of organisms contains one or more species
Archaea are not classified with bacteria, the other prokaryote domain, because they have different
chemical makeup
The protist kingdom is the only of eukaryotes that contains both autotrophs and heterotrophs and both
unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Multicellular organisms are found in the protists, fungi, animal, and plant kingdoms.
Use an example to explain why the common names of organisms are sometimes confusing. How can
using scientific names help avoid the confusion?
-The same organism may have different common names in different areas. For example, the
same animal may be called a woodchuck, groundhog, or whistle pig. An organism has only one scientific
name, though, so all scientists will use the same name for it.
How do organisms differ in the ways they obtain their energy source, or food?
-Organisms may be autotrophs or heterotrophs. Autotrophs make their own food from nonliving
things. Heterotrophs cannot make their own food and must consume other organisms as their energy
source.