Table S3. Descriptive statistics for awareness & participation in MPA planning and management, perceptions
of ecological outcomes, social outcomes, and process quality for resource users only
Variable
Description
N*
Mean
Std.
Dev.
Awareness & Participation
Aware of MPA
Respondent has heard of the MPA (0=no, 1=yes)
679
1.00
0.00
Participated in MPA
planning and
management
Respondent participated in meetings, enforcement
and/or monitoring (0=no, 1=yes)
673
0.34
0.48
Ecological outcomes
Changes in coral
conditions
Respondent’s perception that coral conditions improved
after the MPA was established (0=no, 1=yes)
433
0.57
0.50
Changes in fish
abundance inside no
take area
Respondent’s perception that abundance of fish in the
no take area has increased since the MPA was
established (0=no, 1=yes)
397
0.74
0.44
Changes in fish
abundance outside no
take area
Respondent’s perception that abundance of fish outside
of the no take area has increased since the MPA was
established (0=no, 1=yes)
246
0.44
0.50
Social outcomes
Equal distribution of
MPA impacts
Respondent’s perception that the MPA has the same
effects on all people in the community (0=no, 1=yes)
635
0.44
0.50
Financial benefits to
local community
Respondent’s perception that local people benefit
financially from the MPA (0=no, 1=yes)
649
0.56
0.50
Overall success
Respondent’s perception that the MPA is successful
(0=no, 1=yes)
638
0.87
0.34
Changes in conflict
Respondent’s perception that conflict was reduced after
the MPA was established (0=no, 1=yes)
301
0.50
0.50
Respondents’ views were taken into consideration in
MPA planning (0=no, 1=yes)
197
0.75
0.43
207
0.69
0.46
Adequate information
exchange
Respondent could influence changes in MPA (0=no,
1=yes)
Organizers provided enough information during MPA
planning and management (0=no, 1=yes)
221
0.58
0.50
Transparent decision
making
It is clear how people make decisions about the MPA
(0=no, 1=yes)
227
0.75
0.43
Process quality
Opportunity for input
Influence over decisions
224
0.71
0.46
Decisions about MPA planning and management are
fair (0=no, 1=yes)
167
3.47
1.56
Process quality index
Index of process quality created by summing the values
of the five process elements: opportunity for input,
influence over decisions, adequate information
exchange, transparent decision making, fair decisions
(0=lowest quality to 5=highest quality)
* Sample sizes vary because only process participants were asked for their perceptions of process quality,
responses of “I don’t know” were excluded, and respondents chose not to answer some questions.
Fair decisions