PLANAR WIDE BAND MICROWAVE
FREQUENCY ANTENNA WITH
DIFFERENT RADIATOR SHAPES.
¹Mathilda Colaco, ²H.G Virani
¹M.E student, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering,Goa University
²Associate Professor Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering,Goa University
¹mathildacolaco@gmail.com
²virani@gec.ac.in
Abstract-This paper is a study on the performances of
planar UWB monopole antennas using a radiator of different shapes such as triangle, rectangle, square, circle,
annual ring,ellipse (both horizontal and vertical), pentagon and hexagon, for body-centric wireless networks using PDMS substrate.The planar antennas consist of a radiator and a microstrip-feed line on one side of the substrate and a ground plane on the other side.PDMS substrate provides flexibility to the antenna which can withstand severe mechanical shock by flexing instead of
breaking.
Keywords:UWB, PDMS,body-centric wireless network,Planar
monopole,omnidirectional.
I.INTRODUCTION
In recent advances there has been a growing demand for ultra
wide technology as it provides various advantages such as
low cost,low complexity,low spectral power density,high
precision ranging,low interference and extremely high data
rates.[2-9]One of the most promising areas in UWB applications is body-centric wireless networks where various sensors
are connected together by UWB devices which have to be
low power, low-profile and unobtrusive to the human
body.[10,11].Due to the presence of human body the design
of ultra-wideband antennas is complicated.Several fundamental requirements such as wide impedance bandwidth, small
size and low profile, good on body propagation and radiation
characteristics in the proximity of the body have to be fulfilled[10-15].. An antenna plays a very crucial rolein conventional communication systems and UWBcommunication systems. Nevertheless, there are morechallenges in designing an
UWB antenna than a narrow bandantenna [16]. Planar mono-
pole antennas have long beenreported for its wide band operations, simple structure andnearlyomnidirectioanl radiation
patterns [17]. In addition theprinted version of the monopole
antenna has the conveniencenof compact size and easy integration with microwave circuits.These antennas of different
radiator shapes are simulated using PDMS substrate using
IE3D simulator.
II.ANTENNA STRUCTURE
The proposed UWB monopole antennas with different radiator shapes consists of a radiator fed by a microstrip line, with
a width of wm to achieve 50ohms characteristics impedance,
printed on one side of the substrate and a rectangular ground
plane on the other side of the substrate.The proposed UWB
monopole antennas with radiators of different shapes, including rectangle,square, circle, ellipse, pentagon and hexagon,
for computer simulation studies are shown in Fig. 1 .
(a)
(b)
Table 1: Dimensions of different radiators of antennas.[1]
(e)(f)
(i)
Figure1: Geometries of antennas:( a)square, (b) hexagon, (c) pentagon, (d)
rectangle, (e) ) annular ring (f) circle, (g) ellipse (vertical), (h)ellipse (horizontal) ,(i) triangle.[1]
These antennas are designed on a low cost PDMS substrate
with a thickness of 0.5mm,a relative permittivity of 3.In Fig.
1, the antennas have the following parameters: W = 30 mm, L
= 35 mm, wf= 3mm and hg = 12 mm. Other parameters for
these antennas are listed in Table 1.
a(mm)
16
9.24
10.4
16
6
13
16
16
16
b(mm)
6
12.88
13
12
12
12
III.SIMULATION RESULTS
The proposed UWB monopole antennas with radiators of
different shapes, including rectangle, square, circle, ellipse,
pentagon and hexagon, for IE3D simulation studies are
shown in Figures below. Each antenna consists of a radiator
fed by a microstrip line printed on one side of the substrate
and a rectangular ground plane on the other side of the substrate. The antennas are designed on lowcost PDMSsubstrates with a thickness of 0.5 mm, a relative permittivity
of 3 and a optimized in terms of impedance bandwidth (S11
< 10 dB) using IE3D simulation.
dB
(g)(h)
Hf(mm)
13
13.2
13.1
13.65
13
13.7
13
13.1
14
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
(c)(d)
Annular ring
Hexagon
Pentagon
Rectangle
Circle
Square
Ellipse(H)
Ellipse(V)
Triangle
Freq(GHz)
dB[S(1,1)]
Frequency(GHz)
Figure 2: simulation result of annular ring antenna.
dB[S(1,1)]
-11
Frequency(GHz)
Figure 3: simulation result of hexagon antenna
Figure 6: simulation result of circle antenna
15
10
Freq(GHz)
dB
-5
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
dB
5
0
dB[S(1,1)]
-10
-15
Frequency(GHz)
dB
Freq(GHz)
dB[S(1,1)]
Freqency(GHz)
13
8
3
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
Figure 7: simulation result of square antenna
Figure 4: simulation result of pentagon antenna
Freq(GHz)
dB[S(1,1)]
dB
-20
Frequency()
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
-16
Freq(GHz)
dB[S(1,1)]
-2
-7
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
-6
Freq(GHz)
dB
-1
1
21
41
61
81
101
dB
4
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
9
Freq(GHz)
dB[S(1,1)]
-12
-17
-22
Frequency(GHz)
Frequency(GHz)
Figure 5: simulation result of rectangle antenna
Figure 8: simulation result of ellipse(horizontal) antenna
V.REFERENCE
15
10
5
dB
-5
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
0
-10
Freq(GHz)
-15
dB[S(1,1)]
-20
-25
-30
-35
Frequency(GHz)
dB
15
10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
101
Figure 9: simulation result of triangle antenna
Freq(GHz)
dB[S(1,1)]
Frequency(GHz)
Figure 10: simulation result of ellipse(vertical) antenna
Simulated results showed that pentagon had the widest impedance bandwidth (for S≤ -10db) of 8-11GHz, while hexagon had the lowest impedance bandwidth of 11.5-12GHz.
IV.CONCLUSION
This paper has presented the measured results for further
study on the performances of planar UWB monopole antennas using different shapes of radiators. Results of the simulation and measurement have showed that the antenna with
pentagonal radiator has a better overall performance in terms
of bandwidth. The antenna can achieve a bandwidth from 811GHz, making it a good candidate for UWB body-centric
wireless networks.
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