Mekong River Commission
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
TOR for the Development of Guidelines for
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation
and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong
Mainstream and Tributaries.
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Title:
Development of additional studies program for 2011 - 2015
Type of Service:
Medium term consultancy
Programme:
ISH – Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Duration:
An estimate of 67.5 expert months of input over 21 months
Indicative Starting Date:
July 2014
Location:
MRC Secretariat and home base
Reporting to:
ISH
1 Rationale
Hydropower is recognized as an important development opportunity for the Mekong River Basin and
the people living within it. As set out in the Mekong River Commission’s Strategic Plan (2011 to
2015) and the Basin Development Plan (BDP, approved January 2011), this basin development is to
follow Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) principles. The need to improve the
sustainability of the basin’s hydropower developments is a key Strategic Priority in the Mekong Basin
Development Strategy. With the significantly increasing scale and prevalence of this energy option,
all MRC member countries are taking steps to understand and employ sustainable hydropower
considerations.
The MRC has established the Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower (ISH) with the aim of seeking to
embed sustainable hydropower considerations into the regulatory frameworks and planning systems
of member countries and into project level planning, design, implementation and operational
activities.
The ISH 2011-2015 Strategy emphasizes this requirement as well as the need to understand the
scale and distribution of risks associated with hydropower development on the main stream and on
tributaries.
In addition, the Strategy seeks the exploration and documentation of possible
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avoidance, mitigation and benefit and risk sharing options. Necessary frameworks must be in place
to provide assurance that risks can be effectively minimized.
Hydropower in the LMB is embedded in a closely woven social and environmental fabric. The
region’s people derive a substantial proportion of their livelihood and nutrition from the tributaries
and mainstream of the Mekong. Ecosystems services support both these livelihoods and a rich and
globally unique biodiversity. The planning and implementation of hydropower should aim to ensure
that these livelihoods are preserved and enhanced and that the supporting biodiversity is
maintained wherever possible.
Internationally, the socio-economic and environmental opportunities and impacts of power
development plans are generally assessed using a Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA) for
multiple projects or plans or through individual project Environmental and Social Impact
Assessments (ESIA). The effectiveness of these processes to highlight risks and vulnerabilities across
the region is the subject of ongoing improvement effort in the approach and management capacity
of responsible agencies.
In many cases the effectiveness of these SEA and EIA studies and subsequently proposed mitigation
and risk management approaches is hampered by a lack of baseline data on the social and
environmental situation in the location of the proposed hydropower scheme. This is being
addressed through a range studies across the MRC (ISH has a specific study on this aspect ISH111).
The MRC has, in 2009, first produced the Preliminary Design Guidance for Mainstream Dams (PDG)
in the Lower Mekong Basin; a document that outlines expectations of, and an approach to,
mitigation of the major risks for hydropower dams in the Mekong mainstream.
The ISH is seeking to enhance these Guidelines and to provide more effective and detailed
documentation of the options and methods that may be used to cover the mitigation of hydropower
risks in the Mekong based on the latest research and practice from around the world and the region.
In addition the MRC is seeking, as set out in the MRC Strategy 2011-2015, to expand the applicability
of these Guidelines to the tributary developments.
The MRC/ISH will be seeking to work with developers and implementing agencies to get industry
support for these methods. This work specifically supports ISH Goal which is aimed at ensuring:
“……. Sustainable hydropower practices are employed in project-level hydropower planning,
preparation, design, implementation and operation practices.”
This should be done in a manner that accords with national policies and regulations and is realistic
about likely capacities to implement such approaches within existing project implementation.
2 Hydropower in the Development of the Mekong Region
The countries of the lower Mekong Basin, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Viet Nam, are all
experiencing rapid development that is transforming the region from a largely agricultural economy
and rural population to become urban/industrial societies that are closely integrated into the global
economic system. The growth in demand for electricity reflects this, with sustained growth rates of
over 10% a year across the region placing great strain upon the power generation system and
necessitating high levels of investment in the construction of additional generating capacity. All
countries see the ability to meet this growth of demand as an economic and political priority and will
invest in whichever sources of generation capacity are the most economically rational.
1
ISH11 is a study “Improved Environmental and Socio-Economic Baseline Information for Hydropower Planning“ commenced in July 2012.
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Hydropower is one source of such additional generating capacity, alongside thermal power (coal, oil
and gas), which dominates, and limited levels of non-traditional energy. All the countries in the
region see hydropower as an important source of power generation, but each has a different
perspective upon hydropower development. Cambodia has limited generating capacity and rapid
growth of demand and sees hydropower as a means to meet these demands whilst limiting
dependence upon imported fossil fuels. Lao PDR has more limited internal demand but sees
hydropower as a major potential source of export earnings, with aspirations to become the “battery
of Asia”. Thailand has already high levels of hydropower development and is seeking to develop the
remaining potential capacity only where it can be done so in a sustainable manner. Viet Nam faces
an increase in demand for power of over 15% per annum and is seeking to maximize the
development of its hydropower potential. All countries are interested in a more integrated regional
power sector and cross-border trade in electricity will increase in the coming decades.
The relationship of hydropower development to social and environmental issues has been identified
as an issue of strategic concern by all governments and many other stakeholders in the region. This
includes the potential impacts on water resources and associated ecosystems, on areas of high
ecological value and sensitivity, the maintenance of the flows of ecosystems services from the
hydrological system of the region, impacts on poverty reduction and social equality (with many
ethnic minorities particularly affected by hydropower development) and the potential implications
for regional integration and cross-border relationships that both water resources management and
the power sector have.
The importance of power development in general and the hydropower sector in particular and of
associated issues of water resources management are reflected in the programmes of a number of
international organizations that are working with and supporting national governments in the
region. These include ASEAN, the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and various bilateral
donors and other international organizations. There is also strong public and civil society concern
over these issues that have, on a number of occasions, brought together academics, NGOs and other
civil society agencies into multi-national discussions on the implications of hydropower development
in the lower Mekong Basin.
Further information on the Mekong River Commission and the role of the Initiative for Sustainable
Hydropower (ISH) is within Annex 1.
Important Related MRC and LMB Studies and Initiatives are documented in Annex 2.
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4 Goal and Objectives
Goal:
To support the achievement of the vision of an economically prosperous, socially just and
environmentally sound Mekong River Basin the project goals is:
Development of relevant measures and guidelines for hydropower impact mitigation and risk
management in the Lower Mekong mainstream and tributaries
Objectives:
a. Regionally relevant hydropower impact avoidance, minimisation and mitigation options for
development of hydropower on the Mekong mainstream and Tributaries are thoroughly
documented;
b. Specific research is scoped and commissioned to improve technical and scientific
understanding towards improved mitigation options and the adaptation of existing methods
to the region; and
c. Engineering and scientific options, for the avoidance, minimisation and mitigation of risks of
mainstream hydropower dams are documented in consultation with regional agencies and
developers.
Study Logical Framework
The study logical Framework is included in Annex 3. Essentially the approach to the study will follow
the following steps:
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Understand the baseline natural resource processes and conditions in the Mekong Basin and
the nature of hydro developments proposed;
Describe the potential impacts of these developments as assessed by existing studies;
Research regional and global experience on mitigation options appropriate for these Mekong
hydropower developments;
Undertake analysis and research into the effectiveness of these mitigation options;
Make recommendations on improvements and new approaches to impact mitigation;
Commission further research to cover significant knowledge gaps;
Provide guidelines and a substantial knowledge base on mitigation approach and solutions
based on research and case studies suitable for dissemination through the MRC web site or
other media; and
Build capacity in all areas of assessment avoidance, minimisation and mitigation options within
industry and line agencies.
5 Outputs and Activities
The detailed methodology and work-plan for the execution of this study will be prepared by the
consultants based on stakeholder consultations, in the Inception Report.
It is anticipated that the methodology and work-plan will include the following outputs and
activities:
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Output 1: Study scoping and planning - detailed methodology.
1. Develop a detailed work and resource plan for the execution of the study including timing of
consultation with National Mekong Committees (NMCs), national line agencies, the
development sector and hydropower operators and definition of the roles these organizations
will need to fill to complete the work.
2. Detail a methodology to cover the remaining Outputs, provide an Inception Report and consult
regionally on the proposed approach.
Output 2a: Literature Review and Interviews
1. Gather the available documentation on completed SEAs, CIAs and EIAs and related studies for
planned and existing projects in the LMB and available information on the assessed hydropower
risks and, impacts both project and sub-basin specific and those of a transboundary nature.
2. Gather, through literature research and a process of interviews and consultations, available
information on current practice and research on hydropower risk mitigation including existing
case studies across the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) and internationally2.
3. This research should gather information on mitigation approaches that deal with a similar river
ecology, hydrology, social and development environment as the Mekong.
4. Source the current research and study findings on LMB sub-basin socio-economic and
environmental vulnerability from both a sub-basin and transboundary perspective (including the
“Significant Tributary” studies3, EIAs, SEA of Mekong Mainstream dams).
Output 2b: Elaborate on the process of risk and impact mitigation option assessment and
implementation
1. Describe and document, from international practice, a simple and practical risk and impact
mitigation option assessment and implementation process that can be compatible with (or
incorporated in) national and regional policy frameworks.
2. The process should consider the full project lifecycle.
Output 3: Document the key physical processes behind the Hydropower Risks, Impacts and
Vulnerabilities
1. Undertake an examination of the data gathered under Output 2 to provide a definition and
listing of the priority hydropower risks, impacts and vulnerabilities on the mainstream.
2. Where there is insufficient detail or understanding of the nature of the risks, impacts or
vulnerabilities, research should be scoped to cover these knowledge gaps taking into account
the scope of other work being carried out by ISH, the MRC and regional agencies4. Timing and
approach to filling of the gaps will be decided by the ISH team.
3. The description of these physical processes must be in sufficient detail to allow a more specific
assessment of mitigation options5, and should cover definition of:
2
This should include regions of the world with most similarity to the Mekong with substantial hydropower development and equivalent
climate and ecological processes.
3
Not yet published.
4
Specifically the VNMC “Delta Study” and the MRC “Council Study” projects should be understood.
5
These details would include the nature of the impact (positive, negative, direct, indirect, cumulative); magnitude (severe, moderate,
low); extent/location (area/volume covered, distribution); timing (during construction, operation, decommissioning, immediate, delayed,
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a. impacts on specific mainstream local reaches; and
b. Those associated with mainstream transboundary impacts;
4. The catalogue should include (but not be limited to) a description of specific risks and
vulnerabilities associated with:
a. Alterations to down stream flows, multiple water uses, environmental flows, flood
and drought management;
b. Erosion, sediment and geomorphic issues including local and transboundary
impacts;
c. Fish migration, diversity, productivity and links to livelihoods;
d. Biodiversity and natural resource management; and
e. Water quality, nutrients, reservoir stratification, physico chemical changes.
5. The assessment and description should include a description of the nature of the impact, in
sufficient detail to allow mitigation design parameters to be determined, and an assessment to
be made of the relative importance in the LMB.
NOTE: The mitigation of specific social impacts and opportunities (e.g. resettlement, food security
and poverty alleviation, access to natural resources, institutional support arrangements, and health
and gender issues) are not to be directly covered in this study. There is clearly a vital connection
between natural resource processes and the social wellbeing of the people of the basin. These
aspects are to be covered in other ISH and MRC projects and this project should recognise and draw
links to that work.
The project should highlight where necessary the close links between the impacts on natural
resources and the socio-economy.
Output 4: General Project Mitigation Options
Hydropower developments represent a major opportunity for certain riparian states both for power
supply and for export revenue. The SEA process and subsequently the Xayaburi PNPCA process have
drawn attention to the potential local and transboundary impacts of these proposals. A number of
mitigation options have been proposed in feasibility studies, EIAs and in the PDG. Alternative
layouts of these proposed schemes have also been suggested.
1. The research undertaken in Output 2&3 serves as a starting point for the determination of
mitigation options for the different categories of risks and vulnerabilities. These mitigation
options should be tested for suitability against the particular development scenarios and
categories of risks set out in Output 3.
2. The approach to the assessment of mitigation options should start at a general project level; and
should include a comprehensive review, critique and recommendations (case study examples) of
the alternative mitigation options for these structures as currently proposed.
3. This assessment should consider the potential locations of the dams in the LMB reach, and the
particular conditions at that location (e.g. sediment load characteristics, fish biomass passing,
river ecology and hydrology, food security and livelihood dependence, navigation requirements
etc.).
4. Particular attention should be paid to the status of science and engineering for fish passage and
sediment flushing and the needs for further research to feed into Output 6 as set out below.
rate of change); duration (short term, long term, intermittent, continuous); reversibility/irreversibility; likelihood (probability, uncertainty
or confidence in the prediction); and significance (local, regional, global).
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5. Consultants may draw on the documented and well-proven mitigation options and guidelines
but also consider required adaptations and innovations based on recent regional and
international research.
6. Consideration should also be given to the options to alter operation rules for schemes (e.g.
ramp-up ramp-down, reservoir level management).
7. Consideration of dam safety risks and related assessments should be included (e.g. dam break
analysis, preliminary inundation mapping).
8. Information on case studies and detailed design and operational examples should also be
provided.
Output 5: Case Study: Mainstream Upper Cascade Operation and Cumulative Impact Mitigation
Options.
Consideration will need to be given to the requirement for joint hydropower cascade
operation/mitigation for measures such as sediment management, flood management, dam safety
considerations, emergency response etc. of these mainstream dams. The mitigation of cumulative
impacts will need to be considered. In order to assess these aspects, a hydrological and hydraulic
model of the mainstream cascade, including an approximation of the Lancang River (upper
Mekong) dam operation will need to be created and used for analysis. The MRC has existing
models at different scales already created for the Mekong mainstream. The models created for this
study should complement and be compatible with the existing MRC models and provide linkages to
MRC hydrological data sources.
This output seeks to apply the approach documented in the foregoing work to the cascade of five
run-of-river hydropower projects proposed upstream of Vientiane. This reach is selected as there is
already some MRC data and models available and it is an area where hydropower projects are
either already under construction, or planned to be constructed in the near future. This work
therefore can be of most use to those developers and interested downstream parties in the
assessment and optimisation of the scheme designs.
The Output will have four components:
1. Create hydropower operational model of the potential mainstream cascade options including:
a. Inflows from upstream (Lancang) and estimates of the China dams operational
characteristics;
b. inflows from tributaries including the changes to seasonal outflows from tributary
hydropower operations;
c. assumptions of mainstream power station operation and spillway operation6;
d. sediment flushing operations;
e. alternative fish passage flow requirements;
f. flood management scenarios; and
g. ability to cover a range of scenarios of development – i.e. include or exclude hydropower
developments as required.
2. Using appropriate hydrodynamic models, model of sediment trapping efficiency of
representative mainstream dams and flushing operations including:
a. Acquisition of required river cross sections, sediment flux/grading information and any
other required data;
b. Modelling at appropriate scale and dimensionality (2D, 3D);
6
The work being undertaken in the GMS power interconnection planning will need to be considered here. This includes both the SEA of
the GMS power plan (currently underway) and the RETA 6440 studies that preceded it.
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c. Trialling of different flushing options and their effectiveness;
d. Recommendation of duration and timing of flushing and operation coordination
requirements; and
e. Provide understanding of the need for joint flushing of dams.
3. Combine the analysis of the above models to make an assessment of the effectiveness of
alternative mitigation techniques and development scenarios including:
a. Assess the economics of alternative sediment management and fisheries impact
mitigation options (e.g. energy loss);
b. Management/mitigation of cumulative sediment trapping in the cascade under
different development scenarios; and
c. Understanding of sediment flux in the basin under the range of development scenarios
and the effectiveness of mitigation options.
4. Use the above models to make an assessment on dam safety management including7:
a. Dam break analysis;
b. Preliminary inundation mapping for the flood scenarios; and
c. Flood risk approach for assessment of dams.
5. Document findings and consult at national and regional levels.
Output 6: Alternative Hydropower Scheme Layouts
One mainstream project proposal (Thakko) has a design layout that proposes an off-river diversion
with substantially reduced impact on fish passage, sediment trapping etc., but also with significantly
reduced power capacity and generation. Several of the mitigation options and techniques
highlighted above may assume alternative hydro scheme layouts.
1. This output should explore at a conceptual level, alternative mainstream hydropower scheme
layout options that may be considered for mainstream dams that will substantially improve
their sustainability.
2. These redesign proposals should contain conceptual layout general arrangement drawings and
initial commentary on potential changes to energy production and costs.
3. The effectiveness and importance of these options should be assessed against the criticality of
environmental and social risks and vulnerabilities and their economic feasibility.
Output 7:
Further Research Requirements
The MRC has, through the Basin Development Planning process, the PNPCA process for Xayaburi and
the SEA process for mainstream Dams, highlighted knowledge gaps in the river environmental and
social baseline information. The closing of these knowledge gaps is being pursued through the MRC
programme work and also through specific major studies yet to be commissioned.
1. Existing and past research on these matters should be documented.
2. This study should highlight the need for further research into the effectiveness and applicability
of internationally tried and tested mitigation options to the Mekong. This needs analysis should
take account of the current MRC, NMC and Development Partner work in this field.
3. Concept notes should be prepared in some detail on research needs to further testing,
refinement and innovation of the designs of appropriate mitigation options.
7
The approach and methodology for dam break analysis and preliminary inundation mapping to be confirmed during
inception phase.
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4. The notes should be in sufficient detail to allow discussion on the potential for further funding.
5. Accepted research concepts may be commissioned during this study so that results may be fed
into the conclusions of this work where possible.
Output 8:
Final Report, Knowledge Base and Training and Communication Documentation
All information collected through the course of this work will form an important resource for
regional experts, designers, regulators, agencies and researchers.
1. Prepare a final report documenting the activities and findings.
2. Compile a Knowledge Base covering regional and international practice and research on
hydropower mitigation options including:
a. Scientific articles, research reports etc.;
b. guidelines assembled (Safeguard Policy, National HP Policies etc.); and
c. case studies, design details, documented operational examples.
3. Prepare communication materials for training and dissemination purposes.
4. Principles
The firm and international consultants will detail in the proposal the approach taken to achieve the
goals and outputs of this ToR. The approach to the study should consider the following principles:
Consultation and Cooperation
The study will be executed in a consultative and participatory manner. For the final outputs to be
useful, they must be understood and seen as relevant by the key stakeholders in the region, and in
particular by the developers and agencies responsible for different aspects of strategic planning and
project implementation in the hydropower sector. The firm and international consultants engaged
will be required to establish strong links with these agencies and with the four NMCs at the earliest
opportunity and will involve these agencies and developers in detailed discussions at all stages of the
execution of the study so that they are fully familiar and in agreement with the project outputs
before they are finalized. The consultants will prepare a clear and structured consultation strategy
for the study and will present it for consideration in the Inception Report.
Build on Existing Knowledge and Research
The intent of this work is to utilize, complement, enhance and extend existing research and practice.
The Preliminary Design Guidelines (PDG) were compiled in 2008 through the engagement of various
experts in the field. These guidelines are therefore based on a substantial body of knowledge and
best practice available at that time, which will need to be included in the knowledge base. However,
this study seeks to further enhance the PDG with more specific documented technical guidance and
assessment of the latest research and widest range of possible options.
There is a growing body of knowledge regionally and internationally about fisheries, sediment, socioeconomic questions and the best practice mitigation. The SEA process, initiated by the MRC was
completed (October 2010) and the PNPCA review process for Xayaburi8 has also been completed and
8
PNPCA reports available at http://www.mrcmekong.org/news-and-events/consultations/proposed-xayaburi-hydropower-project-prior-
consultation-process/
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subsequently supplemented by studies by Poyry9 and CNR10. A range of proposals for mitigation and
management have been submitted for these mainstream projects.
In addition a number of hydropower projects have been constructed and commissioned over the last
decade in the LMB tributaries and lessons can be learned from the degree of success the proposed
risk management and mitigation adopted at these projects.
Finally, a number of EIAs and CIAs have been completed for planned projects in the region. Each of
these documents identifies risks and proposes mitigation options. These provide valuable inputs to
strengthen the technical validity of the proposed mitigation approach.
Underlying Principles
The PDG was founded on internationally accepted IWRM principles, international best practice, and
Member Country legislation and will again form the basis for this enhanced work. The PDG states the
implications of these principles as:
“Avoidance over mitigation: Emphasis on the avoidance of impacts is preferable to the mitigation of
impacts ‐ or compensation for unmitigated impacts; taking care to avoid permanent loss of
environmental assets, in particular permanent biodiversity loss.
Water as an economic good: Responsibility for mitigation measures and economic compensation for
unmitigated impacts is born by the project and users of services it provides, consistent with national
policies and interpretation of the 1995 Mekong Agreement. Because it is not always possible to
attribute losses to any one particular dam in a cascade or a catchment, a procedure may be required
to ensure that all projects contribute to mitigation measures, particularly for major impacts on the
communities that have their livelihoods affected. The extent of such contributions would depend on
the scope, extent and valuation of potential impacts.
Adaptive management: Given uncertainty, there will be a need for adaptive management. In the
past, potentially significant impacts have often been omitted from concession agreements and power
purchase agreements, as operations were dictated predominantly by power dispatch arrangements,
i.e. the needs of the power purchaser as well as water availability. Hence it will be necessary to
include appropriate provisions for adaptive management in both concession agreements and power
purchase agreements.
Good practice and safe operations: Implementing designs, operation and maintenance regimes, and
institutional arrangements according to international good practice and safety standards. It may also
be useful to specify consistent minimum quality standards for the transfer of the assets at the end of
the concession period.”
The Process
The study is to confirm and develop a generic practical process for risk and impact mitigation to
support Member Countries in their assessment and implementation of mitigation options. The
general process shown below can be used as a guide. The idea is that mitigation is considered not
only at the feasibility and design stages of the projects, but the effectiveness of mitigation options is
monitored and adaptations are made over the project lifecycle. Measures proposed in the study
must cover all aspects of the process.
9
Poyry Energy AG, 2011, “Xayaburi Hydro Electric Power Plant, Compliance Report”, for Government of Lao PDR
10
CNR, 2012, “Xayaburi Hydroelectric Power Project, Peer Review of the Compliance Report made by Pöyry, Final Report”
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Consideration of Economic, Social and Environmental Aspects
The consideration of mitigation options needs to strike a balance between economic, social and
environmental aspects in the development context of the Member Countries. The approach needs
to take into account of the capacity of national and regional institutions to monitor and manage
these aspects through the life of the project (development and operation).
Similarly the inventory of mitigation options should indicate the types of costs and benefits that
characterize each option and should also indicate clearly (i) where in the hydropower development
process the option should be implemented and (ii) which stakeholders would be required to be
responsible for or involved and in which actions to make the interventions successful.
Training and Capacity Building
The nature of this study requires that the guidelines, options and case studies will be produced in
close consultation with NMCs, national line agencies and potential users who are to be determined
during the inception phase of the project. Thus the approach to the development of the guidelines
will include workshops and seminars where specific examples and case studies are examined to both
test the methods and also educate potential users of the methods.
Training and reference materials will be developed to allow ongoing training once the project is
completed.
6 Resources and Implementation Arrangements
MRCS will engage a firm and additional international and national consultants to deliver the outputs
and activities of this ToR.
6.1 Firm
The firm will provide a “core team” of suitably qualified experts to undertake this work under the
direction of a Team Leader. It is expected that the core team will partner with the NMCs, national
line agencies, regional institutes, research organisations and other expert groups to be identified
jointly by the Team Leader and the MRCS. It is expected that these national and regional partners
will comprise an important part of the collaborative process to be deployed in the work.
The study will be implemented over a 21-month period, with the following inputs to be provided by
the firm:
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1. Team Leader/Sustainable Hydropower Expert (Environmental Assessment and Mitigation);
2. Hydropower Design and Operations Expert;
3. Hydrologist;
4. Hydraulic/sediment Modelling Expert; and
5. Hydropower Modelling and Economics Specialist.
The ToR including objectives, main tasks, qualifications and requirements and estimated resource
requirements for the firm is outlined in Annex 4.
In addition, a vital part of this study will be to utilise the skills within MRCS, NMCs and the National
line agencies and to build capacity of line agency personnel where necessary. The way this will be
implemented will be determined during the Inception stage of the project but will likely include the
appointment of national consultants and designation of focal points in the NMCs and respective line
agencies to work closely with the firm.
6.2 International Consultants
MRCS will engage two additional international consultants to support the project these include:
1. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Mitigation Expert (Sediment and Water
Quality)
2. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Mitigation Expert (Fisheries and Aquatic
Ecology)
The international consultants will be required to work closely with the MRC and team leader to
deliver the required outputs.
Both of the international consultancies will be advertised separately on the employment section of
the MRCS website, consultants of the firm are welcome to apply through the open recruitment
process. MRCS reserves the right to select the best available candidate for these roles. The
objectives and the main tasks of the international consultants are outlined in Annex 5.
6.3 National Consultants
Prior to inception phase the MRCS will engage two national consultants in each member country to
assist ISH, core team and international consultants in the acquisition of data, the analysis thereof
and to contribute to the national implementation and planning arrangements for the project. The
two national consultants engaged for the project include:
1. National consultant (environment and water resources); and
2. National consultant (hydropower and energy).
The need to engage further national consultants during implementation will be agreed jointly by the
Team Leader, MRCS and NMCs. The main tasks and deliverables for the National Consultants are
outlined in Annex 6.
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7 Timeframe, Milestones and Deliverables
The study will be conducted over a 21-month period, with the following milestones:
Timeframe
Deliverable
Months 1-4:
Output 1 and Outputs2a and 2b:
 Initial scoping visits and national-level consultation workshops in each of the 4
countries.
 Literature and research of global experience and case studies.
End Month 4:
Month 5-10:
 Inception Report including detailed methodology, resources requirements, time
schedule, consultation and stakeholder engagement plan.
 Summary of literature research and global experience.
 Minutes of national consultation workshops
 1st Regional Consultation Workshop on inception report
Outputs 3 and 4:





End Month 10:
Month 11-16:
 Interim report #1 - containing details of findings of Outputs 3,4
 National and Regional workshop proceedings.
 Concept Notes (Stage 1) on further research required to fill knowledge gaps
Outputs 5,6,7:






End Month 16:
Month 17-21:
Consultation at national and regional Level.
Capacity building for agencies and NMCs.
Analysis of Mekong mainstream hydropower case study.
Detailed documentation of global case studies assembled.
Mainstream mitigation options documentation.
Assessment and mainstream layout options assessed.
 Interim report #2 - containing details of findings of Outputs 5,6,7.
 Stage 2 research Concept Notes.
 2nd National and Regional Consultation Workshop & Workshop Proceedings.
Output 8:




End Month 21:
Catalogue of impacts, risks and vulnerabilities and associated processes.
General mitigation options drafted.
National consultations and associated workshop proceedings.
Data gathering for case study and associated modeling.
Capacity building for agencies and NMCs.
Assemble Knowledge Base.
Detailed documentation, training materials.
Delivery of further training.
Final round of national and regional consultations.
Final report
All documentation and data associate with Output 8 in MRC compatible format.
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Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
8 Reporting
The firm, international and national consultants will report to the MRCS ISH. The reporting structure
for the project is outlined below including the interaction with the NMCs and national consultants.
9 Submission and Selection
Requirements for submission of applications and also selection are clearly outlined on the MRC
website under tender and employment. Firm and international consultants should ensure that the
applications are consistent with MRC requirements.
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Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
10 Contractual and Payment Arrangements
Consultants from the firm will be contracted under the standard MRC contract form.
Freelance individuals will be contracted through a Standard Service Agreement (SSA).
MRC will pay for airfares from home base and appropriate DSA according to MRCS procedures. In
addition all the costs of associated regional travel and facilities for workshops etc. will be paid by the
MRCS.
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ANNEX 1
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
ANNEX 1: Hydropower Development and the MRC
Existing hydropower schemes as well as their future development take an important role in water
resources management in the Lower Mekong River Basin (LMB) in relation to (i) the Mekong
mainstream and (ii) its tributaries.
The Mekong River Commission (MRC) recognises the high potential of hydropower development for
economic and financial returns through meeting electricity demand and generating revenues. The
possibility of significant pressures and impacts on connected ecosystems as well as LMB livelihoods
are also fully acknowledged.
The sustainable development and management of hydropower in synergy with the environment and
livelihoods are crucial within the MRC cooperation framework.
Therefore, the LMB countries and the Mekong River Commission Secretariat via its Initiative for
Sustainable Hydropower (ISH) are currently undertaking work that should enable this future
sustainability based on complete and consolidated knowledge.
The MRC cooperation is firmly based on the 1995 Agreement and during the last years the MRC
developed an applied framework to address the issue of hydropower development in a holistic way.
The following describes this framework to set the scene for the performance of the content of these
Terms of Reference.
1995 Mekong Agreement and the MRC Procedures
The Agreement on the Cooperation for the Sustainable Development of the Mekong River Basin
signed by Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Viet Nam on 5 April 1995 defines a set of principles and
processes for pursuing a coherent strategy of integrated water resources management (IWRM) on
the regional scale.
The 1995 Mekong Agreement encourages cooperation amongst the LMB countries to optimise the
multiple use and mutual benefits of all riparians while protecting the environmental and ecological
balance in the basin.
The 1995 Agreement addresses different types of water use including proposed hydropower
developments. In the latter respect, the following key chapters and articles are important:

Chapter II: Definitions of Terms











Article 1:
Article 3:
Article 4:
Article 5:
Article 6:
Article 7:
Article 8:
Article 9:
Article 10:
Article 26:
Chapter V:
Areas of cooperation
Protection of the Environment and Ecological Balance
Sovereign Equality and Territorial Integrity
Reasonable and Equitable Utilization
Maintenance of Flows on the mainstream
Prevention and Cessation of Damages of Harmful Effects
State Responsibility for Damages
Freedom of Navigation
Emergency Situations
Rules for Water Utilization and Inter-Basin Diversions
Addressing Differences and Disputes
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Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
The Mekong River Commission (MRC) with its three bodies (Council, Joint Committee and Mekong
River Commission Secretariat) serves as an international organization to ensure the implementation
of the 1995 Mekong Agreement through its provisions and to adopt Procedures to facilitate
addressing such issues in a cooperative and amicable manner.
The five adopted Procedures for implementation within the MRC framework are the (i) Procedures
for Notification, Prior Consultation and Agreement (PNPCA; approved in 2003), (ii) Procedures for
Data and Information Exchange and Sharing (PDIES; approved in 2001), (iii) Procedures for Water
Use Monitoring (PWUM approved in 2003), (iv) Procedures for Maintenance Flows on the
Mainstream (PMFM approved in 2006) and (v) Procedures for Water Quality (PWQ approved in
2011).
According to the PNPCA, hydropower development on tributaries is subject to notification to the
MRC Joint Committee and respective development on the mainstream requires prior consultation
towards agreement between the countries.
The implementation of the PNPCA under the 1995 Mekong Agreement in case of a proposed
hydropower dam, intends to benefit each MRC country and to facilitate the development of water
and related resources in the LMB. The MRC performed its first Prior Consultation process during
2010/2011.
The MRC integrates different Programmes to ensure Procedure implementation in line with the
1995 Mekong Agreement and IWRM based planning guided by the Basin Development Programme
(BDP) that developed the Basin Development Strategy11. Other relevant sectors in the MRC
framework are addressed by the following MRC Programmes: Agriculture, Irrigation and Forestry
(AIP); Environment (EP); Fisheries (FP); Flood Management and Mitigation (FMMP); Information and
Knowledge Management (IKMP); Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower (ISH); Integrated Capacity
Building (ICBP); Mekong Integrated Water Resources Management (MIWRMP); Navigation (NAP);
Key MRC Documents in Relation to Hydropower
Over the past years, the MRC has developed or commissioned key reports (see list below), which
address issues related to hydropower dams in the LMB and provide a framework of basin-wide
analysis, including transboundary and cumulative effects, within which individual projects can be
considered:
 IWRM-based Basin Development Strategy and its scenario and sector assessment prepared by
the Basin Development Plan Programme and approved by the MRC Council at its 17 th Meeting on
26 January 20112;
 Strategic Environmental Assessment of Hydropower on the Mekong Mainstream12 (SEAMM)
commissioned by MRC and completed on 15 October 2010 as part of an open 14-month process
involving the National Mekong Committees and MRC stakeholders;
 Prior Consultation Project Review Report13 of the MRC Secretariat that supported the LMB
countries during the first ever implementation of the PNPCA during 2010/2011.
11
Mekong River Commission (2011): Integrated Water Resources Management-based Basin Development Strategy for the
Lower Mekong Basin 2011-2015 (www.mrcmekong.org/17thCouncil/IWRM-based-Basin-Dev-Strategy-approved-by-MRCCouncil-260111.pdf)
12Mekong
River Commission (2011): Strategic Environmental Assessment of Hydropower on the Mekong Mainstream
(www.mrcmekong.org/ish/sea.htm)
13
Mekong River Commission Secretariat (2011): Prior Consultation Project Review Report.
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ANNEX 1
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
 Preliminary Design Guidance for Proposed Mainstream Dams in the Lower Mekong Basin (PDG)
endorsed by the JC in 200914, which has been developed by MRC Programmes in a process
coordinated by the Initiative on Sustainable Hydropower consulting with a Technical Working
Group of Member Countries;
 Other related material has been elaborated within the MRC framework including assessments of
good-practice standards related to the five PDG topics (fish passage, navigation locks, sediment
management, water quality and environmental flows and dam safety) and other topics relevant
to Integrated Water Resources Management practice and sustainable hydropower. MRC Strategic Plan 2011-2015, the Basin Development Strategy and ISH
The adoption of the MRC Strategic Plan (2011-15) and the IWRM-Based Basin Development Strategy
(BDS) for the Lower Mekong Basin endorsed by the MRC Member Countries in January 2011 are
important steps towards regional-level cooperation for sustainable basin-wide development, as
envisaged in the 1995 Agreement.
Both strategies address the key role the hydropower sector will have on the MRC's IWRM strategic
direction. The documents identify the need for further studies and guidance by the MRC Initiative
for Sustainable Hydropower (ISH) regarding the sustainable development of hydropower in the LMB.
In the above context, the MRC Strategic Plan lists fifteen high priority activities for technical studies
to be led by the ISH between 2011-2014.
Eight of those 15 activities are additional to the current ISH output structure and need concrete
follow-up. In general, the eight additional ISH activities aim at:
 Addressing the uncertainty in hydropower planning, by filling gaps in understanding of the
opportunities and risks associated with LMB hydropower,
 Promoting multiple-use of hydropower reservoirs and a catchment-wide approach to tributary
reservoir management,
 Providing guidance to the MRC and LMB countries on evaluation and mitigation options for
hydropower developments and,
 Strengthening national hydropower planning and management.
The eight additional ISH activities are now addressed with a series of technical studies that are in line
with the MRC Strategic Plan 2011-2015 and the IWRM-based Basin Development Strategy to ensure
their initiation and the achievement of the above outlined aims.
This ToR addresses the follow up of ISH 01 ‘Ecologically sensitive sub-basins identified for limited
development of hydropower on tributaries’ outlining respective objectives, approaches, outputs and
activities in detail.
14
Mekong
River
Commission
(2011):
Preliminary
Design
Guidance
for
Proposed
Mainstream
Dams
(www.mrcmekong.org/download/free_download/Preliminary-DG-of-LMB-Mainstream-dams-FinalVersion-Sept09.pdf)
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ANNEX 2
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
ANNEX 2: Important Related MRC and LMB Studies and Initiatives
MRC Key Documents
This study must draw on the previous work undertaken in the LMB and current studies and
initiatives that are underway or planned. Some of the important documents that should be
reviewed are listed below. A more comprehensive reference list may be provided during the
inception phase of the project.
MRC Strategic Plan 2011-2015 (MRC, 2011a)

IWRM-based Basin Development Strategy for the Lower Mekong Basin 2011-2015 (MRC,
2011b)

Programme Phase 2 Assessment of Basin-wide Development Scenarios (MRC, 2011c) including supporting detailed technical papers.

BDP Programme Planning Atlas of the Lower Mekong River Basin (MRC, 2011d)

Strategic Environmental Assessment of Hydropower on the Mekong Mainstream (ICEM,
2010)

Prior Consultation Project Review Report for the Proposed Xayaburi Dam Project (MRC,
2011e) – including the supporting technical papers.

Preliminary Design Guidance for Proposed Mainstream Dams (MRC, 2009a)
A range of additional information is available on the MRC website (www.mrcmekong.org) data
portal

MRC Strategy and Basin Development Plan
This ToR relates directly to several elements of the MRC Strategic Plan (SP) (2011-2015) and the
IWRM based Basin Development Strategy (BDS). These are quoted below:
Tributary Hydropower Development (BDS p23):
There is considerable potential for further development of tributary hydropower in the LMB, especially in Lao PDR
and Cambodia, as well as for improvement in operation of existing hydropower projects. Utilising this opportunity
requires a focus on sustainability both at project and transboundary levels, and that any potential transboundary
impacts are collaboratively identified and mitigated using the MRC Transboundary Environmental Impact
Assessment (TbEIA) Framework.
Manage the risks of committed projects (BDS p25):
National agencies, RBOs, communities and project developers need to work together on the design and
operation of tributary dams, to minimize sediment and nutrient trapping and blocking of fish migration, and on
reaching agreement on management measures for valuable wetlands (from ecosystem and livelihood
perspectives).
Move towards sustainable development of hydropower on tributaries (BDS p26):
Mitigating negative impacts of hydropower, such as through: re-regulation reservoirs downstream of peaking
projects; multi-level water intakes or aeration facilities to manage water quality/temperature; fish passage; and
minimizing sediment entrapment;
Address the uncertainty and risk of possible mainstream dams (BDS p26)
This includes: acquiring essential knowledge to minimise uncertainty; identifying risk mitigation options;
…..applying the Design Guidance for Mainstream Dams; and developing specific guidance for existing and
new wetlands, river flow variations and related erosion impacts, and improvement of social conditions, all to
complement project specific studies, EIAs and SIAs.
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ANNEX 2
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
The Status of the Strategic Environmental Assessment process of Hydropower on
the Mekong Mainstream (“the SEA Process”)
The SEA process was initiated by the MRC and was completed in October 2010. This was an
important process that involved the engagement of multiple stakeholders and the completion of
studies on a broad range of subjects related to hydropower opportunities and impacts on the
Mekong mainstream. The process for the completion of the various studies, and the scientific and
technical information gathered, was generally accepted as valid by all member countries of the MRC.
However, the final recommendations of the SEA process were not accepted by all. Specifically the
recommendation for a 10 year hold on any mainstream hydropower development was not accepted
by all parties.
This has meant that, from an MRCS perspective, reference to “the SEA process” (often shortened to
“the SEA”) needs to be carefully qualified. In this and other ISH documents, reference is made to the
SEA process, information and technical/scientific findings. The SEA of Hydropower on the Mekong
mainstream baseline reports and Final Report form a valuable information resource and compilation
of research. In addition, the experts involved noted gaps in information and understanding and
these have been gathered together by ISH and other programmes for inclusion in the Basin
Development Plan and various MRCS programmes’ work plans. Consultants are asked to respect
the nature of the status of “the SEA process”, as described above, in their dealings with member
countries.
The Council Study
In December 2011 the Council announced that agreement had been reached to carry out additional
studies on “the Sustainable Management and Development of the Mekong River including Impacts
by Mainstream Hydropower Projects. “
The scope and timing of this study has now been confirmed to commence in 2013 and be completed
by 2015. The Concept Note for this study sees three key objectives:
o Further developing and establishing a reliable scientific evidence base on the
environmental, social and economic consequences (positive and negative) of
development in the Mekong Basin;
o The results of the study are integrated into the MRC knowledge base and enhance the
Basin Development Planning to assist sustainable development; and
o Promotion of Capacity building and focus on technology transfer.
The Council Study scope covers the important thematic Integrated Water Resource Management
(IWRM) sectors that contribute to development in the basin: (1) Irrigation; (2) Agriculture and Land
use; (3) Domestic and Industrial use; (4) Flood protection structures and flood plain infrastructure;
(5) Hydropower; and (6) Transportation. These themes are to be assessed in terms of positive and
negative impact on: (A) Fisheries production; (B) Environmental condition/health; (C) Biodiversity;
(D) Hydrology/water quantity; (E) Water availability (drought); (F) Floods; (G) Food Production; (H)
Sediment Transport; (I) Water Quality; and possibly other aspects. This then needs to be linked to
the resultant positive and negative impacts on more complex social, economic and environmental
aspects such as: (i) Food Security; (ii) Quality of Life; (iii) Flood Risk; (iv) Drought Risk; (v) Human
Health; (vi) Social and Economic Development; etc. Finally, in order to focus the study, the impacts
are assessed in detail in prioritised geographic areas, e.g. the Mekong delta, Tonle Sap and
surrounding areas, etc. The specific areas of interest with respect to impact caused by these
thematic sectors is on three areas; environmental, social and economic. The transboundary nexus
between the various water related sectors will also be assessed.
The intent is that the MRC programme’s work, as well as that of a range of development partners
and line agencies, is integrated into this study. The ISH programme contains several elements which
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 2
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
will feed directly into this Council study. This ISH03/06 study will be an important sub-element of
the Hydropower theme.
Viet Nam Delta Study
The Viet Nam National Mekong Committee finalised the Terms of Reference (ToR) for a “Study of
the Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower on the Mekong Delta” December 2012.
The study has similar objectives to the above “Council Study” namely to:

Establish a sufficient set of information and data on meteorology and hydrology, sediment,
ecology, navigation and on other environmental, natural, economic, and social systems in the
Mekong River Basin to enable assessment of the impacts of hydropower projects proposed for
the mainstream of the Lower Mekong River Basin on the downstream, particularly the Mekong
Delta and floodplains of Viet Nam and Cambodia.

Quantitatively assess impacts of proposed mainstream hydropower projects downstream,
including: (i) the flow regime; (ii) transport of sediments and nutrients; (iii) biodiversity; (iv)
water quality; (v) fisheries; (vi) navigation and (vii) related issues.

Achieve consensus on the results relating to quantitative assessment of the impacts of
proposed mainstream hydropower projects on the downstream and on avoidance and
mitigation options for adverse impacts and to enhance benefits.
The geographical scope of the Delta Study covers the entire LMB area, with the study’s impact
assessment focusing on the Mekong Delta.
The Study is intended to be implemented over 30 months, starting early 2013 and ending mid-2015.
The executing agency is the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment in Viet Nam and the
implementing body is the Project Management Unit of "the Study of the Impacts of Mainstream
Hydropower on the Mekong Delta".
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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ANNEX 3
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
ISH 03 AND 06 - Design and monitoring framework:
Design Summary
Performance Targets/indicators
GOAL: To support the achievement of the vision of
an economically prosperous, socially just and
a) Critical impacts and risks from
environmentally sound Mekong River Basin:
hydropower are able to be avoided,
mitigated or minimised towards the
Development of relevant measures and guidelines
development of sustainable hydropower.
for hydropower impact mitigation and risk
management in the Lower Mekong mainstream
b) Hydropower developers on the Mekong
and tributaries
mainstream and tributaries utilise the
assembled knowledge base as a practical
.
and economic guide to assist with the
design and operation hydropower.
OBJECTIVE:
a) Regionally relevant hydropower impact
a) An industry and stakeholder accepted
avoidance, minimisation and mitigation options
practical and economically feasible range
for the range of scenarios for development of
of mitigation and risk management
hydropower on the Mekong mainstream is
options improve hydropower
thoroughly documented;
sustainability.
b) additional research is scoped and
b) Available research outcomes improve the
commissioned to improve technical and
design of mitigation approaches used by
scientific understanding towards improved
developers.
mitigation options and the adaptation of
existing methods to the region; and
c) the applicability of these risk and impact
mitigation methods to the tributary
hydropower schemes is documented.
d) Specific guidance for the mitigation of risks on
mainstream hydropower dams is documented
and consulted with regional agencies and
developers using the web and suitable other
media.
Data Sources
Assumptions and risks
ASSUMPTIONS:
International practice, regional and
international research organisations,
hydropower developers and
operators, hydropower
manufacturers, etc
Governments, hydropower developers,
stakeholders of the LMB strive towards
constructive dialogue and a scientific approach
to the development of sustainable hydropower
to international good practice.
The study receives across-the-board support
from the MRC member countries.
Existing global practice.
Commissioned research.
Related regional investigations.
RISKS:
Global practice has limited relevance in the
Mekong resulting in the need for lengthy
research period.
Research results are inconclusive and suffer
from a lack of data.
Developers consider the methods impractical
and too expensive.
Stakeholders and NGOs do not accept the
methods as sufficiently robust.
c) Tributary hydropower is more
sustainable through the use of the
available resource base on mitigation and
the associated research outcomes.
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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ANNEX 3
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
OUTPUTS:
Deliverable
Output 1 and Outputs2a and 2b:
 Initial scoping visits and national-level consultation workshops in each of the 4 countries,
Timeframe
Months 1-4:

Literature and research of global experience and case studies.

Inception Report including detailed methodology, resources requirements, time schedule, consultation and stakeholder engagement
plan.
 Summary of literature research and global experience.
 Minutes of national consultation workshops.
 1st Regional Consultation Workshop on inception report
Outputs 3 and 4:



Catalogue of impacts, risks and vulnerabilities and associated processes;
General mitigation options drafted
National consultations and associated workshop proceedings.


Data gathering for case study and associated modelling
Capacity building for agencies and NMCs


Interim report #1 - containing details of findings of Outputs 3,4
National and Regional workshop proceedings.
Month 5-10:
End Month10:
 Concept Notes (Stage 1) on further research required to fill knowledge gaps
Outputs 5,6,7:





Consultation at national and Regional Level
Capacity building for agencies and NMCs
Analysis of Mekong mainstream hydropower case study
Detailed documentation of global case studies assembled,
Mainstream mitigation options documentation

Assessment and mainstream layout options assessed.
Month 11-16:
End Month 16:
 Interim report #2 - containing details of findings of Outputs 5,6,7
 Stage 2 research Concept Notes
 2nd National and Regional Consultation Workshop & Workshop Proceedings
Output 8:
 Assemble Knowledge Base
Month 17-21:
 Detailed documentation, training materials
 Delivery of further training. Final Consultations
Final report including all documentation and data associate with Output 8 in MRC compatible format.
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
End Month 4:
End Month 21:
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Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 4
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
ANNEX 4: Terms of Reference for Firm (Core Team)
1. Team Leader/Sustainable Hydropower Expert (Environmental Assessment and Mitigation)
Objective
The team leader will be responsible for the overall management of the project and will take a
strategic perspective of the project and its linkages to the other MRC and LMB initiatives. The team
leader will take primary responsibility for the management of the study to ensure appropriate
stakeholder engagement, and analysis for the interactive development of suitable methodologies
and guidelines.
Main Tasks










Lead and guide the work of the team and take a strategic perspective of the project and its
linkages to the other MRC and LMB initiatives.
Together with the team members, prepare detailed methodology and work-plan for the
execution of this study.
Responsible for the stakeholder engagement and consultation process including building a
strong rapport with NMCs and line agencies.
Responsible for guiding the literature and consultative review of regional and international
practice in the field and for documenting existing policy and planning frameworks in relation
to this subject.
Engage with regional and national agencies, institutions and NGOs who may be involved in
research in this field and document summary of findings.
On the basis of the above research, work with the team and relevant agencies in each
country to derive appropriate methods to supplement (where necessary) existing
approaches to mitigation.
Develop clear and concise guidelines and training materials based on these methods.
Develop and implement an approach to build capacity in the relevant agencies and among
regional practitioners in the use of the guidelines including the preparation of training
material and case studies.
Responsible for ensuring that all project outputs are produced on time and to a high
standard.
Responsible for liaison and reporting to MRCS ISH.
Team Leader - Required Skills and Experience






At least 15 years professional experience and a higher degree (preferably PhD) in a relevant
field and an appropriate tertiary qualification;
Excellent understanding of hydropower operations and the impacts and opportunities
associated with this energy source in large river basins;
Extensive experience in sustainable hydropower development and operations specifically
around assessment and mitigation of impacts and risks of these developments;
Substantial experience in the Mekong Region (or similar) on issues related to sustainable
development, environmental management and infrastructure assessment;
Strong understanding of the environmental opportunities and risks associated with
hydropower developments and their interconnection to the natural systems and socio–
economics of the Mekong basin;
Proven experience in the management of multi-disciplinary teams and leading studies of
complex technical nature;
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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

ANNEX 4
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Experience in seeking the collaboration of a wide range of stakeholders including
hydropower developers and senior level officials in government agencies in an international
environment; and
Excellent and proven communications skills and excellence in writing in English.
2. Hydropower Design and Operations Expert
Objective
The hydropower design and operations expert will provide input to the options for mitigation and
examine the generic and specific mitigation options proposed by the specialists to test them for
engineering practicality and cost.
Main Tasks












Support the Team leader in preparation of the detailed methodology and work-plan for the
execution of this study.
Participate in stakeholder engagement and consultation process and build rapport with
NMCs and line agencies.
Input to the literature and consultative review of regional and international practice in the
field as required.
Review the engineering design layout and operations characteristics of the generic
mitigation options highlighted by the EIA/mitigation experts.
Review the engineering and layout characteristics of the case studies of global practice
highlighted by the EIA/mitigation experts and document issues.
Gather all available engineering information on the proposed LMB structures and their
proposed operations.
Where this data is not available, derive the required basic assumptions to allow modelling
and mitigation options to be tested.
On the basis of the team’s research, work with the team and the relevant agencies in each
country to derive appropriate methods to supplement (where necessary) existing
approaches to mitigation.
Assist in the development of clear and concise guidelines and training materials based on
these methods.
Participate in capacity building activities with the relevant agencies and among regional
practitioners in the use of the guidelines including the preparation of training material and
case studies.
Responsible for ensuring that all role related project outputs are produced on time and to a
high standard.
Responsible maintaining good communication with the Team Leader and team members as
well as with MRCS ISH.
Required Skills and Experience



Postgraduate degree civil engineering or equivalent, specialising on hydropower scheme
planning, design and economics;
At least 15 years professional experience covering hydropower scheme design and
operations particularly covering the sustainability aspects of these schemes and related
water infrastructure;
Experience in the Mekong Region (or similar environment) and experience in the integration
of regional specific environmental impact mitigation into these hydropower schemes in the
context of the regional natural resource pressures;
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission


ANNEX 4
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Substantial experience in the design of large run-of-river hydropower schemes, cascades and
their optimised operations including economic analysis of different hydropower layouts and
generation operations alternatives; and
Proven communications skills and excellence in writing in English.
3. Hydrologist
Objective
The hydrologist will provide the necessary information on the baseline hydrological conditions in the
Mekong mainstream and major tributaries and inputs to the required models. In addition the
hydrologist will assist the team in the understanding of the hydropower impacts and the
effectiveness of proposed mitigation options.
Main Tasks










Support the Team leader in preparation of the detailed methodology and work-plan for the
execution of this study.
Participate in stakeholder engagement and consultation process and build rapport with
NMCs and line agencies as required.
Input to the literature and consultative review of regional and international practice in the
field as required.
Provide the team with an up to date assessment of the baseline hydrological conditions in
the basin and appropriate time series for mitigation effectiveness assessment.
Contribute to the review of the operational characteristics of the generic mitigation options
highlighted by the EIA/mitigation experts.
Contribute to the review of the operational characteristics of the case studies of global
practice highlighted by the EIA/mitigation experts and document issues.
Assist the team to derive appropriate methods to supplement (where necessary) existing
approaches to mitigation.
Participate in capacity building activities with the relevant agencies and among regional
practitioners in the use of the guidelines including the preparation of training material and
case studies.
Responsible for ensuring that all role related project outputs are produced on time and to a
high standard.
Responsible maintaining good communication with the Team Leader and team members as
well as with MRCS ISH.
Required Skills and Experience






Postgraduate degree specialising in hydrology through an appropriate engineering or
environmental science.
At least 10 years professional experience in the field of hydrological assessment and
preferably associated with hydropower or large water infrastructure projects at direct
development and operational level;
Experience in the Mekong Region (or equivalent large river basins) and an excellent
understanding of hydrological conditions within this region and their relationship with
hydropower development;
Understanding and experience of a range of hydrological modelling techniques and software
options (familiarity with the modelling suite of the MRC an advantage);
Particular experience in the areas of the impact of hydropower on hydrology of large river
systems including assessment of environmental flows;
Understanding of projected climate change impacts in the region; and
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission

ANNEX 4
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Proven communications skills and excellence in writing in English.
4. Hydraulic/sediment Modelling Expert
Objective
The Hydraulic/sediment Modelling Expert will work closely with the EIA and Mitigation Management
Expert (Sediment and Water Quality) to seek to model the baseline sediment transport conditions in
the Mekong. These models are then to be enhanced to model the various development scenarios
for the proposed hydropower dams in the mainstream case study area and test the effectiveness of
the various proposed sediment flushing gates and operational options.
Main Tasks












Support the Team leader in preparation of the detailed methodology and work-plan for the
execution of this study.
Participate in stakeholder engagement and consultation process and build rapport with
NMCs and line agencies as required.
Input to the literature and consultative review of regional and international practice in the
field as required.
Gather a detailed understanding of the existing modelling systems, capabilities and data sets
available in the MRC.
With the EIA and Sediment Mitigation Expert, scope the work needed to gather additional
data required to allow the requisite detail of model to be set up.
Coordinate, with the assistance of the MRC ISH, the work required to gather this information
early in the study time frame.
Engage with modelling professionals in the MRCS, NMCs and line agencies to understand
modelling capacities and systems appropriate to the task and Selection of modelling
techniques that will be able to test mitigation options at appropriate level of detail.
Set up and calibrate the model/s to test selected scenarios for the case study sites and run
model for the different hydropower, flow and operations scenarios proposed by the team.
Assist the team to derive appropriate methods to supplement (where necessary) existing
approaches to mitigation.
Participate in capacity building activities with the relevant agencies and among regional
practitioners in the use of the models including the preparation of training material and case
studies.
Responsible for ensuring that all role related project outputs are produced on time and to a
high standard.
Responsible maintaining good communication with the Team Leader and team members as
well as with MRCS ISH.
Required Skills and Experience




Postgraduate degree (preferably PhD) in hydraulics or appropriate engineering or
environmental science.
At least 15 years professional experience in the field of hydraulic and sediment modelling of
reservoirs or large river systems and preferably associated with hydropower or large water
infrastructure projects at direct development and operational level;
Experience in the Mekong Region (or equivalent) an advantage and an excellent
understanding of hydraulics, sediment and hydrological conditions within large river basins
and their interconnection with hydropower development.
Particular experience in the areas of modelling sediment trapping in reservoirs and 2D and
3D hydraulics models used for this purpose;
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission


ANNEX 4
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Familiarity with the MRC modelling suite an advantage; and
Proven communications skills and excellence in writing in English.
5. Hydropower Modelling and Economics Specialist
Objective
The Hydropower Modelling and Economics Specialist will develop, at the requisite level of detail, a
model of the case study hydropower cascade generation plant and run-of river dam operations.
Using these and other appropriate techniques, the Hydropower Modelling and Economics Specialist
should be able to assess the generation and economic implications of alternative mitigation options
in the case study cascades.
Main Tasks













Support the Team leader in preparation of the detailed methodology and work-plan for the
execution of this study.
Participate in stakeholder engagement and consultation process and build rapport with
NMCs and line agencies as required.
Input to the literature and consultative review of regional and international practice in the
field as required.
Gather a detailed understanding of the existing modelling systems, capabilities and data sets
available in the MRC.
With the appropriate members of the team, scope the work needed to gather additional
data required to allow the requisite detail of model to be set up.
Coordinate, with the assistance of the MRC ISH, the work required to gather this information
early in the study time frame.
Engage with modelling professionals in the MRCS, NMCs and line agencies to understand
modelling capacities and systems appropriate to the task.
Select modelling techniques that will be able to test mitigation options at appropriate level
of detail and that can integrate with the hydraulics and sediment modelling effort.
Set up and calibrate the model/s to test selected scenarios for the case study sites and run
model for the different hydropower, flow and operations scenarios proposed by the team.
Assist the team to determine the generation and economic consequences of different
mitigation options for the case study area.
Participate in capacity building activities with the relevant agencies and among regional
practitioners in the use of the models including the preparation of training material and case
studies.
Responsible for ensuring that all role related project outputs are produced on time and to a
high standard.
Responsible maintaining good communication with the Team Leader and team members as
well as with MRCS ISH.
Required Skills and Experience




Postgraduate degree (preferably PhD) in an appropriate engineering or science field.
At least 10 years professional experience in the field of hydropower scheme modelling and
economics; particularly for complex hydropower cascades and major water infrastructure
projects at direct development and operational level;
Understanding and experience in modelling the interaction between hydropower systems,
environmental and hydrological constraints, multi-gated spillway operation under different
to power demand scenarios;
Extensive experience in large complex river systems equivalent to the Mekong;
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission


ANNEX 4
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Particular expertise in the areas of hydropower economics in cascade systems and scenario
analysis for different operating regimes and development options; and
Proven communications skills and excellence in writing in English and ability to explain
complex models and transfer skills.
Estimated Resource Requirements
An initial estimate has been made for planning purposes of the Expert days and months required for
this assignment by the firm. The breakdown per output is shown below. These estimates will need
to be evaluated and confirmed by the firm in the tender documentation.
Team Leader
Hydropower
Sustainable
Design
and
Operations
Hydrologist
Hydraulics/
Sediment
Modeller
Hydropower
Modelling and
Economics
Output 1:
Study scoping and
planning - detailed methodology.
17
10
10
10
10
Output 2a: Literature Review and
Interviews
35
1
1
1
1
Output 3:
Document the key
physical processes behind the
Hydropower Risks, Impacts and
Vulnerabilities
30
20
15
20
20
Output 4:
General
Mitigation Options
Project
50
30
0
10
25
Output 5: Case Study: Mainstream
Upper Cascade Operation and
Cumulative
Impact
Mitigation
Options.
40
50
50
90
75
Output 6: Alternative Hydropower
Scheme Layouts
10
20
0
10
15
Output
7:
Further
Requirements
Research
15
2
0
2
2
Output 8: Final Report, Knowledge
Base
and
Training
and
Communication Documentation
50
28
23
28
28
ESTIMATED TOTAL Expert Days
273
177
105
183
191
ESTIMATED TOTAL Expert Months
14
9
5
9
9.5
Output 2b: Elaborate on the process
of risk and impact mitigation option
assessment and implementation
MRCS will allocate a contingency budget; additional working days can be provided following
negotiation between the consultant/firm and MRCS.
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 5
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
ANNEX 5: Terms of Reference for International Consultants
1. Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation Management Expert (Sediment and Water
Quality)
Objective
The EIA and Mitigation Expert (Sediment and Water Quality) will lead the work to describe the baseline
sediment and water quality conditions in the Mekong and potential impacts of hydropower dams. This
Expert will then research regional and global experience on the mitigation of these impacts and, with
the modelling team, test their effectiveness in the Mekong context and potential consequences on
hydropower operations and economics.
Main Tasks













As a major contributor and with the team members, prepare detailed methodology and workplan for the execution of this study.
Contribute to the stakeholder engagement and consultation process including building a strong
rapport with NMCs and line agencies.
Responsible for the review of all existing literature and research to provide detailed descriptions
of the processes associated with existing Mekong sediment and water quality conditions and the
nature and characteristics of the potential impacts of hydropower dams.
Scope (#1) research (taking into account existing study activities) to cover any urgent knowledge
gaps in the above area.
Responsible for the literature and consultative review of regional and international practice in
the field of mitigation options for sediment and water quality related impacts and for
documenting existing policy and planning frameworks in relation to this subject.
Engage with regional and national agencies, institutions and NGOs who may be involved in
research in this field and to document summary of findings.
On the basis of the above research, work with the team and the relevant agencies in each
country to derive appropriate methods to supplement (where necessary) existing approaches to
mitigation.
Lead the scoping and implementation of modelling work to test the effectiveness of proposed
mitigation options for various selected scenarios and work closely with the modelling team to
assess operational and economic consequences of these options.
Develop clear and concise guidelines and training materials based on preferred mitigation
options.
Scope (#2) research (taking into account existing study activities) to cover any further
knowledge gaps that have arisen during the course of the study.
Develop and implement an approach to build capacity in the relevant agencies and among
regional practitioners in the use of the guidelines including the preparation of training material
and case studies.
Responsible for ensuring that all project outputs are produced on time and to a high standard.
Responsible for liaison and reporting to MRCS ISH.
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
Page 30
Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 5
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Qualifications/Requirements:







Postgraduate degree (preferably PhD) in an appropriate environmental science and at least 15
years professional experience in the field of environmental impact assessment and mitigation
for hydropower or major water infrastructure projects at direct development and operational
level;
Extensive experience in the Mekong Region (or equivalent) and an excellent understanding of
environmental issues within this region and their interconnection with hydropower
development.
Particular expertise in the areas of sediment movement though reservoirs and water quality
aspects of hydropower scheme management;
Direct Experience in the practicalities of the implementation of alternative sediment flushing
mitigation options and their effectiveness globally;
Strong understanding of the connection between sediments and nutrients and associated
hydropower impacts and mitigation options;
Experience, in collaboration with engineers, of the design and operations of mitigation facilities
including monitoring effectiveness of these facilities ad adaptive management techniques; and
Proven communications skills and excellence in writing in English.
Conditions of payment
The following payment schedule will apply to the delivery of the following milestones.
EIA and
Mitigation
(Sediment)
Output 1: Study scoping and planning - detailed
methodology.
Output 3: Document the key physical processes
behind the Hydropower Risks, Impacts and
Vulnerabilities
Output 4: General Project Mitigation Options
Output 5: Case Study:
Cascade Operation and
Mitigation Options.
Output 6:
Layouts
Mainstream Upper
Cumulative Impact
Alternative Hydropower Scheme
35
17%
95
45%
50
24%
Months 1-4
20
Month 5-10
Output 2b: Elaborate on the process of risk and
impact mitigation option assessment and
implementation
Per cent
Payment
15
30
Month 11-16
Output 2a: Literature Review and Interviews
Total
Expert
Days
35
65
10
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
Page 31
Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 5
Output 8: Final Report, Knowledge Base and
Training and Communication Documentation
5
Month
17-21
Output 7: Further Research Requirements
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
30
30
14%
210
ESTIMATED TOTAL Expert Days
210
2. Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation Management Expert (Fisheries and Aquatic
Ecology)
Objective
The EIA and Mitigation Expert (Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology) will lead the work to describe the baseline
fish and biological conditions in the Mekong and potential impacts of hydropower dams. This Expert will
then research regional and global experience on the mitigation of these impacts and, with the modelling
team, test their effectiveness in the Mekong context and potential consequences on hydropower
operations and economics.
Main Tasks









As a major contributor and with the team members, prepare detailed methodology and workplan for the execution of this study.
Contribute to the stakeholder engagement and consultation process including building a strong
rapport with NMCs and line agencies.
Responsible for the review of all existing literature and research to provide detailed descriptions
of the processes associated with existing Mekong fish and biological conditions and the nature
and characteristics of the potential impacts of hydropower dams.
Scope (#1) research (taking into account existing study activities) to cover any urgent knowledge
gaps in the above area.
Responsible for the literature and consultative review of regional and international practice in
the field of mitigation options for fish and biological related impacts and for documenting
existing policy and planning frameworks in relation to this subject.
Engage with regional and national agencies, institutions and NGOs who may be involved in
research in this field and document summary of findings.
On the basis of the above research, work with the team and the relevant agencies in each
country to derive appropriate methods to supplement (where necessary) existing approaches to
mitigation.
Working with the Hydropower Design and Operations Expert, test the feasibility and
effectiveness of alternative fish passage or other mitigation options for various selected
scenarios and work closely with the modelling team to assess operational and economic
consequences of these options.
Develop clear and concise guidelines and training materials based on preferred mitigation
options.
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
Page 32
Mekong River Commission




ANNEX 5
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Scope (#2) research (taking into account existing study activities) to cover any further
knowledge gaps that have arisen during the course of the study.
Develop and implement an approach to build capacity in the relevant agencies and among
regional practitioners in the use of the guidelines including the preparation of training material
and case studies.
Responsible for ensuring that all project outputs are produced on time and to a high standard.
Responsible for liaison and reporting to MRCS ISH.
Qualifications/Requirements:






Postgraduate degree (preferably PhD) in an appropriate environmental science;
At least 15 years professional experience in the field of environmental impact assessment and
mitigation for hydropower or major water infrastructure projects at direct development and
operational level;
Extensive experience in the Mekong Region (or equivalent) and an excellent understanding of
environmental issues within this region and their interconnection with hydropower
development.
Particular expertise in the areas of fish biology, fish passage, and hydrobiology;
Direct Experience in the practicalities of the implementation of alternative mitigation options
and their effectiveness in the Mekong Region and internationally; and
Proven communications skills and excellence in writing in English.
Conditions of payment
The following payment schedule will apply to the delivery of the following milestones.
EIA and
Mitigation
(Fish)
Output 1: Study scoping and planning - detailed
methodology.
Output 3: Document the key physical processes
behind the Hydropower Risks, Impacts and
Vulnerabilities
Output 4: General Project Mitigation Options
Output 5: Case Study:
Cascade Operation and
Mitigation Options.
Mainstream Upper
Cumulative Impact
Months 1-4
Month 5-10
Output 2b: Elaborate on the process of risk and
impact mitigation option assessment and
implementation
per cent
Payment
35
17%
95
45%
50
24%
15
Month 1116
Output 2a: Literature Review and Interviews
Total
Expert
Days
20
30
65
35
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
Page 33
Mekong River Commission
Output 6:
Layouts
ANNEX 5
Alternative Hydropower Scheme
10
5
Month
17-21
Output 7: Further Research Requirements
Output 8: Final Report, Knowledge Base and
Training and Communication Documentation
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
30
30
14%
210
ESTIMATED TOTAL Expert Days
210
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
Page 34
Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 6
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
ANNEX 6: Main tasks and deliverables for National Consultants
1. Outline of the Consultancy
Two national consultants are required in each of the Member Countries to fill the following positions:
1. National consultant (Water resources and environment); and
2. National consultant (Hydropower and energy).
The national consultants will be selected to support MRCS and the ISH0306 international consultancy
team to arrange consultation with key stakeholders and to collect information in the LMB. Information
will be collected to develop ISH0306 outputs, regarding (i) Literature review (ii) hydropower risks,
Impacts and vulnerabilities (iii) General project mitigation options (iv) case studies and (v) final report,
knowledge base and training products.
2. Detailed Tasks of the Consultancy
The study will be conducted over a 21-month period, two national consultants in each of the Member
Countries will support the ISH0306 international consultancy team and ISH to ensure all outputs and
activities are completed. The national consultants will be responsible for performing the following tasks:
Months 1-4 (Outputs 1 and Outputs 2a & 2b):
20 days per National consultant
 Support the ISH0306 team to arrange and facilitate consultation and interviews with NMCs, line
agencies, the development sector and hydropower operations in the LMB.
 Support the ISH0306 in the literature review, specifically, in the collection of information that is
available
in
national
as
well
as
regional
institutions
and
organisations.
Focus shall be given on the following aspects:
a. Available documentation on completed SEAs, CIAs, EIAs and related studies for planned an
existing projects in the LMB
b. Current practice and research on hydropower risk mitigation including case studies from the
LMB
c. National and regional legislation and information regarding hydropower, EIAs, SEAs etc15.;
d. Data availability regarding sediment, water quality, tributary and mainstream inflows and
national inputs for existing MRC models (details will be outlined by the international consultancy
team)
 Summarise the findings of the literature review in a short document and present it to the ISH0306
team.
 Assist in facilitating the 1st Regional Consultation Workshop on inception report.
15
Note: GIZ has completed on this aspect that should form a basis to start.
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 6
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
Months 5-10 (Outputs 3 and 4):
30 days per National consultant
 Examine the literature review to determine knowledge gaps in relation to the understanding of the
nature of risks, impacts or vulnerabilities
 Support ISH0306 to identify and develop concept notes (Stage 1) on further research required to fill
knowledge gaps at the national level.
 Provide advice to the ISH0306 team on the specific risks and vulnerabilities at a national level and
prepare general project mitigation options. Specifically focusing on:
a. Potential locations of the dams in the LMB reach and the particular conditions at that location
(sediment and load characteristics, fish biomass passing, river ecology and hydrology, food
security, navigation…etc.)
 Support the international consultancy team in the assessment to determine the relative importance
of hydropower risks, impacts and vulnerabilities in the LMB.
 Provide national inputs to the Interim Report #1 prior to national and regional consultations.
Months 11-16 (Outputs 5, 6 and 7):
30 days per National consultant
 Support the ISH0306 to collect information for the cases studies for cascade operation and
cumulative impact mitigation options; information collection should focus on the linkages between
the existing MRC models, MRC hydrological data and national data sources as well as specific
hydropower project related details.
 Assist in the preparation of concept notes (Stage 2) for research to be undertaken at the national
level taking into account the current MRC, MNMC and development partner work.
 Support the ISH0306 to assess the importance of proposed options and design layouts against the
environment and social risks and vulnerabilities and their economic feasibility.
 Provide national inputs to the interim report #2 and facilitate ongoing consultation with key
stakeholder at the regional level.
 Assist in the facilitation of the 2nd National and Regional Consultation Workshop & Workshop
Proceedings.
Months 17-21 (Output 8):
20 days per National consultant
 Support the ISH0306 to prepare the final report, knowledge base and training materials.
 Identify the key research reports, case studies, design details and documented operational guidelines
to be translated and disseminated the national level.
 Communication plan prepared on how the guidelines and training materials can be effectively
implemented at the national level including training needs and stakeholder analysis.
 Facilitate final rounds of national and regional consultations.
3. Deliverables
1. Document on the Literature Review by October based on the outlines under item 5.
2. Power Point presentations on the findings of the literature review, Interim report #1 and Interim
report #2 a
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 6
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
3. Draft concept notes (Stage 1 and 2) prepared for further research requirements at the national level
4. Report of available information for literature review, interim report #1, interim report #2 and final
report.
5. Participation in national and regional consultation meetings
6. National action plan for the effective implementation of guidelines, knowledge base and training
material.
4. Required Expertise
National consultant (Water resources and environment)
 Master or bachelor degree in environmental sciences, water resources management, or
hydrobiology;
 Excellent knowledge of the Lower Mekong River Basin and its rivers regarding water resources
management
 Experience in the development or assessment of EIAs would be an advantage.
 Very good experience in reviewing information and collecting data;
 Detailed knowledge on LMB issues regarding aquatic ecology, water related legislation and/or
existing/planned hydropower would be beneficial;
 Excellent knowledge on the structure and organisation of the national/regional administrative as well
as scientific institution in the LMB;
 Knowledge about the Mekong River Commission and its cooperation framework;
 Proven experience in working within multi-disciplinary teams;
 Demonstrated ability to write technical reports which can be readily understood by decision makers
and the general public;
 Effective communication skills in writing and speaking with a wide range of people;
 Proficiency in written and oral communication skills in English;
 Knowledge of more than one riparian language is an advantage.
National consultant (Hydropower and energy)
 Master or bachelor degree in hydropower or related engineering field;
 Excellent knowledge of the Lower Mekong River Basin and its rivers regarding water resources and
hydropower management
 Experience in the design, development or construction of hydropower projects would be an
advantage.
 Very good experience in reviewing hydropower information and collecting data;
 Detailed knowledge on LMB issues regarding existing/planned hydropower would be beneficial;
 Excellent knowledge on the structure and organisation of the national/regional administrative as well
as scientific institutions in the LMB related to hydropower;
 Knowledge about the Mekong River Commission and its cooperation framework;
 Proven experience in working within multi-disciplinary teams;
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
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Mekong River Commission
ANNEX 6
Initiative for Sustainable Hydropower
 Demonstrated ability to write technical reports which can be readily understood by decision makers
and the general public;
 Effective communication skills in writing and speaking with a wide range of people;
 Proficiency in written and oral communication skills in English;
 Knowledge of more than one riparian language is an advantage.
Hydropower Environmental Impact Mitigation and Risk Management in the Lower Mekong Mainstream and Tributaries
Page 38