ANNEX– Literature review
Table S1. Keywords used in search queries. For each query, one item from each column was
selected and their unique combination was used. For water level, all effects were included,
while for salinity only biological effects were considered.
Object
Cause
Effect
(Shallow) lake
Water level
Macrophytes
Reservoir
Salinity
Phytoplankton
Chlorophyll a
Zooplankton
Fish
Nutrients
Conductivity
pH
Oxygen
Suspended solids
Stratification
Mixing regime
Table S2: Number of studies on lakes, reservoirs and mesocosms in each climate zone. Climate
classes were determined according to the updated Köppen-Geiger classification (Peel et al.,
2007; A= tropical; B=arid or desert; C= Temperate; D= cold or continental and E=polar or alpine)
Climate class
lakes
reservoirs experiments
All
A
6
6
0
12
B
6
2
2
10
C
49
15
6
70
D
23
2
1
26
E
1
0
0
1
Total
85
25
9
119
Table S3: Literature survey using Web of Science and a number of key word combinations. The single
impacts cannot fully exclude synergistic or antagonistic effects due to potential multiple stressors (e.g.
phytoplankton increase due to water level reduction can be masked by a concomitant increase in
nutrient levels due to intensified anthropogenic impacts).
Water body
Cause
shallow
Water
lake
level
Effects
Phytoplankton increase
Change in phytoplankton community
reduction
Bacterioplankton increase
(climate)
Change in zooplankton community
Zooplankton increase
Zooplankton decrease
Macrophyte increase
References
1,2,3,4,5,6,7
8,9,10,11
1
12
5,13
14
15,16,17,10,11,12,18,19,20,
21,22,23,24
Macrophyte decrease
4,7
Change in macroinvertebrate community
25
Fish increase
12
Fish decrease
19
Fish spawn earlier
26
Oxygen decrease
27
Water transparency decrease
Water transparency increase
Conductivity increase
Salinity increase
DIN increase
NO3 decrease
2,4,14,28
10
5
23
23,29
20
TP increase
23,29
TP decrease
28
SRP increase
20
TN decrease
28
Internal loading
23,29
Water
Phytoplankton decrease
30,31
level
Cyanobacteria increase
reduction
(other)
Macrophyte increase
level
33,34,30,31,35
Change in macrophyte community
36,37,38
Reed bed increase
37,38,39
Fish reproduction decrease
40
Periphyton increase
45
Oxygen decrease
43
Water transparency increase
Water
32
33,34
Conductivity increase
44
TP increase
42
SRP increase
41
TN increase
42
Phytoplankton decrease
46,8,47
Macrophyte increase
46
increase
Oxygen increase
27
(climate)
SRP decrease
48
Change in phytoplankton community
49
Phytoplankton decrease
49
Water
level
increase
(other)
Salinity
Change in phytoplankton community
increase
Change in zooplankton community
50,51
52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,
61,62,63,64,65,66
Zooplankton decrease
Zooplankton increase
55,69
Change in macrophyte community
52,70
Change in macroinvertebrate community
Macroinvertebrate decrease
Change in fish community
deep lake
52,56,67,68,60,66,62
52,55,71,61,63,64
71
52,61
Macrobenthos decrease
72
Phytoplankton increase
73
level
Macrophyte decrease
74
reduction
Water mixing ceasing
75
Water
(climate)
Water
level
Phytoplankton increase
76,77
Macrophyte decrease
78
Reed bed increase
78
Macroinvertebrate decrease
78
Fish community change
78
Fish reproduction decrease
79
Nutrients increase
76
DIN decrease
78
Salinity increase
78
Phytoplankton increase
80
Zooplankton decrease
80
increase
Fish increase
80
(other)
TP decrease
80
NH4 decrease
80
Change in zooplankton composition
81
reduction
(other)
Water
level
Salinity
increase
shallow
reservoir
Water
level
Phytoplankton increase
82
Macrophyte decrease
82
reduction
(climate)
deep
Water
reservoir
level
reduction
(climate)
Phytoplankton increase
Change in phytoplankton community
85,77,86
87,84
Macrophyte decrease
88
Change in macrophyte community
89
TP increase
83,84
DIN increase
84
Break up stratification
77
Internal loading
77
Water
Phytoplankton increase
90
level
Cyanobacteria decrease
91
reduction
(other)
Change in zooplankton community
Macrophyte increase
91,92,93
33
Macrophyte decrease
100
Change in macrophyte community
101
Fish reproduction decrease
96,97,98
Change in fish community
99
Fish pelagic species decrease
99
Macro-invertebrate increase
94
Change in macro-invertebrate community
95
Nutrients increase
95
TP increase
92,102
Chlorophyll a increase
92
Water transparency decrease
92
Water transparency increase
33
Longer stratification
103
Water
Phytoplankton increase
104
Change in phytoplankton community
105
Change in zooplankton community
105
level
increase
(other)
Experiment
al setup
Water
level
reduction
(climate)
Macrophyte increase
105,106,107,108
Increase in bacteria, HNF and ciliates
114
Salinity
Change in phytoplankton community
111,112
increase
Change in zooplankton community
111,113
Zooplankton decrease
Change in macrophyte community
Macrophyte decrease
1
109
110,111
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