Evaluation of method
The information on this website is based on a variety of scientific or other publications. The complete reading list you can find below in the table of
literature. Besides the author, title & year, mesh terms, source and a reference you will also find the level of evidence of each article in the reading list. The
subjoined table will give you an impression of the level of evidence of the publications that were used.
Level of evidence
A1 – systematical review
A2 – randomized placebo controlled double
blind research
B – other comparative research
C – non-comparative research
D – expert opinion
E – other publications
Number of articles used with
this qualification
0
0
Percentage
4
4
19
5
12,5%
12,5%
60%
16%
0%
0%
Most publications that were used (60%) have a D-level of evidence, meaning that they are based on the opinion of an expert. Often this refers to
information from official government websites, such as Department of Health, An Bord Bia or the Food Safety Authority of Ireland. This information was
used to create a general picture of Ireland and to get an idea of how things work in Ireland, for instance how healthcare works.
25% of the articles used have a B- or C-level of evidence. These articles were used in paragraphs that require up to date and reliable data for dietitians, such
as the paragraphs about general health and common health issues and the paragraphs on eating and drinking habits, dieting trends and food
recommendations. An example of a an article with a C-level of evidence is the National Adult Nutrition Survey 2011 that was used for both the paragraph on
eating and drinking habits and the paragraph on common health issues. Another example is the SLAN 2007-study: a survey on lifestyle, attitudes and
nutrition in Ireland; dietary habits of the Irish population - that was used for the paragraph about eating and drinking habits.
An E-qualification was given to information from websites such as www.rte.ie (Ireland’s national public service broadcaster). These websites provided
interesting information for the website (dieting trends), but had no scientific character.
Table of Literature References used to compile the website.
Author
Title & year
Mesh term
Source
Reference
Coughlan et al
Motivation for a Health-Literate Health Care SystemDoes Socioeconomic Status Play a Substantial Role?
Implications for an Irish Health Policymaker (2013)
Tomorrow’s shopper - a report on the evolution of
shoppers in Ireland and the UK (2011)
Irish Health Care
System
PubMed
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC381
5196/
Marketing
Publications
An Bord Bia
An Bord Bia
Retail Markets Today and Tomorrow in Ireland and the
UK (2011)
Marketing
Publications
An Bord Bia
An Bord Bia
Irish & British consumers and their food - full report.
(PERIscope 2013)
Marketing
Publications
An Bord Bia
An Bord Bia
Recipes: Traditional Irish Breakfast (2013)
Irish breakfast
An Bord Bia
BBC
BBC News Europe (2013)
bailout programme
Ireland
BBC News
Europe
Callaghan, M &
the HBSC
Ireland Team
Culirama.com
Dieting among schoolchildren in Ireland. HBSC Ireland
Research Factsheet No. 6. Fact Sheet (2012)
Dieting Ireland
Google Scholar
Irish kitchen (2013)
Irish eating habits
Google
Department of
Health
Diabetes
Federation
Ireland
HEALTH IN IRELAND Key Trends (2012)
Health Ireland
Diabetes in Ireland (2013)
Diabetes, Ireland
Embassy of
Ireland
Embassy of Ireland (2013). About Ireland
Embassy of Ireland
European
cuisines
Ireland: What do Irish people Eat? (2013)
Irish eating habits
Department of
Health
Website
Diabetes
Federation
Ireland
Website Irish
Department of
Foreign Affairs
Google
Food Safety
Authority of
Home. Quick Links(2013).
Food, Ireland, dieting
trends, health,
An Bord Bia
Google.ie
Level of
Evidence
C
Used in topic
http://www.bordbia.ie/industryservices/information
/publications/bbreports/Documents/Tomorrows%20
Shopper.pdf
http://www.bordbia.ie/industryservices/information
/publications/bbreports/Documents/Retail%20Trend
s%20-%20Ireland%20and%20the%20UK%202011.pdf
http://www.bordbia.ie/industryservices/information
/publications/bbreports/periscope6/pages/periscop
e2013.aspx
http://www.bordbia.ie/aboutfood/recipes/Pages/Tr
aditionalIrishBreakfast.aspx
Ireland to exit international bailout in December.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe24937245
http://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/xmlui/handle/10379
/3266
D
Food Trends
D
Food Trends
D
Food Trends
D
D
Eating and drinking
habits
General information
B
Dieting trends
http://www.culirama.com/nl/wereldkeukens/europ
ese-keukens/britse-keuken/ierse-keuken
http://www.dohc.ie/publications/?year=2012
D
Eating and drinking
habits
General health
http://www.diabetes.ie/about-diabetes/diabetes-inireland/
D
Common health
issues
http://www.irishembassy.nl
D
General information
http://www.europeancuisines.com/What-Do-IrishPeople-Eat
D
www.fsai.ie/home.html
D
Eating and drinking
habits
Food Trends
Dieting trends
B
Health care and
insurances
Ireland (FSAI)
Food Safety
Authority of
Ireland (FSAI)
Food Safety
Authority of
Ireland (FSAI)
Food Safety
Authority of
Ireland (FSAI)
Floyd et al
Scientific Recommendations for Healthy Eating
Guidelines in Ireland. (2011a).
nutrition
Food
recommendation
Google
http://www.fsai.ie/science_and_health/healthy_eati
ng.html
C
Food
recommendations
Healthy Eating and Active Living for Adults, Teenagers
and Children over 5 Years – A Food Guide for Health
Professionals and Catering Services. (2011b).
Food Safety Authority of Ireland, about us. (2014).
Food
recommendation
Google
http://www.fsai.ie/news_centre/healthy_eating_gui
delines_booklet/13062012.html
C
Food
recommendations
Health organizations
Ireland
Google
http://www.fsai.ie/about_us.html
E
Relevant
organizations
General practioners experience in dietary counselling;
poor access to dietetic services (2011)
Get Ireland Active (2013)
Dietary services
Lenus.ie
http://www.lenus.ie/hse/handle/10147/127432
C
Healthcare system
INDI.ie
D
Dieting trends
SLAN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and
Nutrition in Ireland. Dietary Habits of the Irish
Population (2008)
Healthy Eating (2014)
Eating habits Ireland
PubMed
http://www.getirelandactive.ie/getmotivated/popular-apps/
http://www.publichealth.ie/sites/default/files/docu
ments/files/slan.pdf
B
Eating and drinking
habits
Health campaigns
Google
https://www.healthpromotion.ie/
D
Health Service Executive, health a-z (2013)
Hart attack, cancer
Website of HSE
D
Hofstede, Geert
What about Ireland? (2013)
Hofstede, Ireland
Google
http://www.hse.ie/portal/eng/health/az/H/Heartattack/
and
http://www.hse.ie/portal/eng/health/az/C/Cancer/
http://geert-hofstede.com/ireland.html,
Public health
campaigns
Common health
issues
Impact Trade
Untion
Health & Social care professionals (2014)
Dietitian Salary
Ireland
Google.ie
D
Irish
Department of
Foreign Affairs
Irish Department of Foreign Affairs (2013)
Via website of irish
embassy
D
General information
Irish Medical
Organisation
Irish Nutrition &
Dietetic
Institute
Irish Medical Organisation(2013)
http://www.imo.ie/news-media/events/praise-forimo-gps-on-ope/
http://www.indi.ie/what-is-a-dietitian/nutritionviews.html
D
Dieting Trends
Nutritional views, Malnutrition/Undernutrition - a
modern day phenomenon (2013)
TV Ratings operation
transformation
INDI, underweight,
undernutrition
Irish
Department of
Foreign Affairs
Website
Google.ie
http://www.impact.ie/Your-Sector/PublicSector/Health/Salary-Scales/Current-salary-scales2010/Health-and-social-care-professionals---DO.htm
http://www.dfat.ie/our-role-policies/trade-andpromotion/about-ireland/,
D
Common health
issues
Irish Nutrition &
Join the INDI (2013)
Dietitian in Ireland
https://www.indi.ie/what-is-a-dietitian/dietitians-
D
Registration
Get Ireland
Active
Harrington, J. et
al
Health
Promotion
Health Service
Executive (HSE),
Website INDI
Website of Irish
D
Patient – healthcare
worker interaction
Patient – healthcare
worker interaction
Dietetic
Institute
Nutrition &
Dietetic
Institute
nutrition-experts.html
Irish
Universities
Nutrition
Alliance
IUNA
National Adult Nutrition Survey
Summary Report on Food and Nutrient intakes,
Physical Measurements, Physical Activity Patterns and
Food Choice Motives (2011)
National Adult Nutrition Survey 2011.
Nutrition, Ireland
Google.ie
Dr J. Walton et all, (2011 March).
http://www.iuna.net/?p=106
B
Common health
issues
Nutrition survey
Ireland
Google
http://www.iuna.net/?p=106
C
Mooney,E.,
Farley,H. and
Strugnell.,C.
A qualitative investigation into the opinions of
adolescent females regarding their body image
concerns and dieting practices in the Republic of
Ireland (ROI).(2009)
Dieting trends Ireland
Google Scholar
C
Nutrition and
Health
Foundation
Oireachtas
Library and
research service
Public Health
Agency (PHA)
Raidió Teilifís
Éireann (RTE)
Nutrition and Health Foundation, bout the NHF (2014)
Health organizations
Ireland
Google
Spot light, Obesity – a growing problem ? (2011)
Health, dieting,
nutrition, Ireland
Google.ie
Appetite 52 (2009) 485–491
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.147064
31.2004.00392.x/abstract;jsessionid=B661DADCC35
2E3C4AA0BBD7002B872B5.f04t03?deniedAccessCus
tomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false
http://www.nutritionandhealth.ie/Sectors/NHF/nhf.
nsf/vPages/About_the_NHF~overview?OpenDocum
ent
http://www.oireachtas.ie/parliament/about/libraryr
esearchservice/publications/spotlight2011/
Eating and drinking
habits
Food Trends
Dieting Trends
Public Health Agency, news (2011)
Public health
campaigns
Dietitian, Ireland
Google
Safefood
Safefood, about us (2014)
Safefood
Safefood, campaigns (2014)
The Nutrition
Society
Weigh2live
E
Relevant
organizations
D
Common health
issues
D
INDI.ie
http://www.publichealth.hscni.net/news/majorcampaign-tackle-obesity
http://www.rte.ie/ot/
Public health
campaigns
Dieting Trends
Google
http://www.safefood.eu/Utility/About-Us
D
Google
Google.ie
http://www.safefood.eu/Utility/AboutUs/Campaigns/Stop-the-Spread
http://www.nutritionsociety.org
D
Irish Section (2013)
Health organizations
Ireland
Public health
campaigns
Dietitian, Ireland
D
Relevant
organizations
Public health
campaigns
Dieting Trends
Health Links (2013)
Dietitian, Ireland
Google.ie
http://weigh2live.safefood.eu/
D
Dieting Trends
Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTE) (2013). Operation
Transformation.
E