Evolution & Classification Review: Use the word bank below to complete the following statements or answer the questions. Each word will be used
at least once. If a word can be used for more than one question then it appears the respective number of times in the word bank.
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Hypotheses / Theories / Laws are usually most specific in their focus.
This step in the scientific method is broader, covering several related experiments.
_____________ variables are those that the experimenter changes in an experiment.
_____________ variables are those that change in response to the changes made by the experimenter.
This is a definition for______________: This trait-based characteristic allows an organism to change within their
lifetimes to fit environments when they themselves change.
This is a definition for______________: This behavior-based characteristic allows an organism to change within their
lifetimes to fit environments when they themselves change.
This is a definition for______________: Inherited traits that improve an organism’s ability to reproduce.
This is a definition for___________ ___________: This characteristic is developed through use and disuse and passed
on to offspring.
The theory for the question above was developed by_____________.
Darwin called the process that creates newer, modified descendants of older, related fossils_____________.
______________ is the process by which populations change over time, sometimes forming new species.
These are 4 the requirements of evolution, referred to as the “Tenets of Evolution”. List them.
This Tenet is responsible for ensuring genetic information will be passed on to the next generation by increasing odds
of surviving offspring in the organism’s favor.
This Tenet is a requirement of evolution because there needs to be differences among the members of a population.
A necessary component of evolution is based the fact that organisms must _____________ with other members of
their population in order to survive.
This Tenet is responsible for ensuring offspring from successful parents will have similar traits.
This Tenet is responsible for selecting the best trait for survival from variations that occur in the population.
When a population becomes better suited to its environment over time it is called__________.
When a person increases their red blood cell count when they travel to higher elevations they undergo
________________.
When a wolf sheds their undercoat in the spring it is called an _________________.
When a beaver builds a dam in a river to create an ecosystem it is called an ______________.
The arm bones of humans, dogs, whales, and bats are built with the same bones, although they have been modified
for the organism’s unique needs. These are called__________ __________.
The wings of birds, bats, and butterflies all allow the organisms’ structures to perform the same function (to fly) but
they are built quite differently. These are called _________ ___________.
The evolutionary process that creates the features above is called ________________ _____________.
These are the 6 categories for evidence in support of evolution.
__________ of different organisms look strikingly similar even though they develop into dramatically different adults.
____________ of similar organisms show a progression of traits in different-aged strata, supporting descent with
modification.
Whales and snakes both have bones that appear in the same area where other animals have legs. These bones, much
like human tail bones, are called _________________ _______________.
___________ of organisms that are found in older strata are simpler than ___________ found in younger strata.
The _____________ ______________ _____________ defines a species as members of populations that actually or
potentially interbreed in nature, not necessarily according to similarity of appearance.
The closer two organisms are related in evolution, the more similar their ____________ or _____ sequences are.
The __________ _____________ concept defines a species as a group of organisms that can interbreed and have
fertile offspring.
Evolutionary forces include the mutation of genes and ___________ ______________, which is the movement of
alleles into or out of a population.
34. In small populations, the frequency of an allele can be greatly changed by a chance event, such as a fire or landslide.
This change in allele frequency is called _______________ __________________.
35. If you were to plot the height of everyone in your class on a graph, the values would probably form a hill-shaped
curve called a(n) ___________ ______________.
36. Sometimes, individuals prefer to mate with others that live nearby or are of their own phenotype, a situation called
___________ ______________.
37. Evolution at the level of genetic change is called ______________________.
38. When a species fails to produce any more descendants, ______________________ occurs.
39. A population in which no genetic change is occurring is in a state of ______________ ______________.
40. (Honors) We prove if genetic change is occurring by determining if ______________ ______________ equilibrium
over many generations changes.
41. The divergence of multiple lineages into many new species in a specific area and time is called __________
____________.
42. The particular combination of all alleles in a population at any one point in time makes up a(n) ___________
___________.
43. The study of changes in the numbers and types of alleles in populations is called _____________
_________________.
44. A state in which two populations can no longer interbreed to produce future offspring is ____________
_______________.
45. The accumulation of differences between populations is called ______________________.
46. The process of forming new species by evolution from preexisting species is called ______________________.
47. A force that separates one part of population from another is called a _____________. This accounts for two or
more species arising from one common ancestor.
48. A ______________ illustrates the phylogenic relationship between organisms based upon shared anatomical
features.
49. The more ______________ between organisms implies closer phylogeny.
50. We can use three types of evidence to determine phylogeny; ______ ______________ and ___________ homology.
51. The most inclusive taxonomical grouping is ____________.
52. The most specific taxonomical grouping is ____________.
53. The scientific name for an organism is based upon _____________ then _____________.
Acclimation
Acclimation
Accommodation
Accommodation
Accommodation
Acquired characteristic
Adaptation
Adapting
Adaptive radiation
Analogous structures
Biochemistry
Biogeography
Biological species
Biological species concept
Cladogram
Compete
Convergent evolution
Dependent
Descent with modification
Developmental biology
Divergence
DNA
DNA, protein
Domain
Embryos
Evolution
Fossil record
Fossils
Fossils
Fossils
Gene flow
Gene pool
Genetic drift
Genetic equilibrium
Genus
Hardy Weinberg
Heredity
Heredity
Homologous structures
Homologous structures
Homology
Hypotheses
Independent
Lamarck
Microevolution
Microevolution
Natural selection
Natural selection
Natural selection observed
Non-random mating or sexual
selection
Overproduction
Overproduction
Population genetics
Proteins
Reproductive isolation
Speciation
Speciation
Species
Species
Standard distribution
Theory
Trait
Variation
Variation
Vestigial structures