CPOD hardware
From
1
488
To
488
onwards
Exceptions
Notes
V0 hydrophone – main td plus narrow td
V1 hydrophone – main td plus very narrow (6.5)
1
125
124
onwards
104?
File structure 0
File structure 1
488
1
536
537
onwards
Some under 120? Were set up with
high sensitivity settings
Narrow boards
V0 operational config. BW 30, weak 4, strong 255, HRI
0/128, start amp 1, min amp 3, min max 12.
V1 operational config. BW 22, weak 8, strong 50, HRI 3, start
amp 1, min amp 3, min max 3.
C.POD Files
*.CP1 RAW clicks *.CP2 Clusters marked *.CP3 Trains marked *.CP4 Environment
Bytes 1..360 or 720 header
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Click
record
CP1
version0
StartMSB
Start
StartLSB
Ncyc
BW
avF
endF
Pmax
P1
P5
CP1
version1
StartMSB
Start
StartLSB
Ncyc
BW
avF
endF
Pmax
slope
dodgy
F
=
endF
Minute
record
15
14
HP
status
2LSB
Optional
minute
meta
data
EOF
marker
Temp
20
Noise
Last t
Nclx
254
253
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
255
Click records First TDA version
+
CP1 same
0
1
T1
1
2
T2
2
3
T3
3
4
Ncyc
4
5
BW
5
6
avF
6
7
EndF
7
8
Pmax
8
9
Envelope 2
vals
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
Angle
CP2 click records
pt1 =
0;
pt2 =
1;
pt3 =
2;
pNcyc =
3;
pBW =
4;
pavF =
5;
pEndF =
6;
pPmax =
7;
pSlope =
8; // to 2 values
pNinClstr =
9;
pClstrDur/slope
10; // expands
ptCyc =
11; // expands
pFmin =
12;
pFmax =
13;
pFdiff =
14;
pFband =
15;
pPreICI =
16; // expands
pPmin =
17
pClstrSts =
18;
pClass =
19;
CP3 same except:
Sp … later
Q Class Sp Class
and 128 to mark
prior virtual
Trn 5..127
CLICK Second TDA version
CP22
0
T1
1
T2
2
T3
3
Ncyc
4
BW
5
avF
6
EndF
7
SPL
8
Envelope 2 vals
9
BandKhz, if in a band, otherwise 0
10
NinClstr
11
Dur/slope
// expands
12
UPsteps + nFusedCls in 3 MSB
13
cSlope
14
MxCycDvSPL0 highest value of (Ncyc* 32 / SPL)
15
nBW0, 2bits, BW1 3bits, BW2 3bits
16
Fmin in cluster
17
Fmax in cluster
18
nCycFused
19
cFav
20
PreICI // expands
21
cPmin
22
cPmax
23
24
NinClstr
25
Dur/slope
// expands
26
UPsteps + FusedCyc in 3 MSB
27
cSlope
28
MxCycDvSPL1 highest value of (Ncyc* 32 / SPL)
29
nBW0, 2bits, BW1 3bits, BW2 3bits
30
Fmin
31
Fmax higher frequency of two loudest clicks if both above 50
32
Fdiff
33
cFav
34
PreICI // expands
35
cPmin
36
37
38
39
cPmax
BandN
CP3
Click params
Click params
Click params
Click params
Click params
Click params
Click params
Click params
Click params
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
tcFrange bits in 7 LSB NarrowBand in MSB
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Blank – preICI is still there but could be re-used
Clstr params from Clstr selected
Clstr params from Clstr selected
p0ClstrSts NinTrain
avF
avPRF msb
avPRF lsb
GdID[1]
GdID[2]
GdID[3]
GdID[4]
WUTrisk 2LSB Marked = MSB
BandN bits 0..2 Preceding gap = MSB
Qclass / RateQ / SpQ / SpClass
p1ClstrSts TrainSpN
EncSpN
NrType
Byte 36
Qn:=
RateGood:=
SpGood:=
SpClass:=
b and 3
; // Qn xx
Boolean(b and 4 shr 2) ; // Sp good
Boolean(b and 8 shr 3) ; // rate good
tSpClass(b and 240 shr 4); // Sp n
minute
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
CP22 minute
NofBands
avSPLBand0
Temp deg C
Angle
Noise
Time of last click
Nclicks MSB
Nclicks LSB
Band0 kHz mode
Band1 kHz mode
Band2 kHz mode
Band3 kHz mode
Band4 kHz mode
Band0 SonarRisk
Bands Sonar Low Risk 1-4 2 bits cyc and ICI risk for each band
Bands Sonar High Risk 1-4 2 bits cyc and ICI risk for each band
SedNoise kHz
AdjacentMinSonarRisk 1 = present any more = khZ
Band0SumOfGaps
Band1SumOfGaps
Band2SumOfGaps
Band3SumOfGaps
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Band4SumOfGaps
Band0NofClstrs
Band1NofClstrs
Band2NofClstrs
Band3NofClstrs
Band4NofClstrs
minute records
CP2 minute holds values derived from CP1
0
HP status
1
sonar risk
2
3
Temp deg C
4
Angle
5
6
Time of last click
7
Nclicks total – expands. 255 if = logging limit
8
Nclicks 120 - 160kHz - expands
9
NcycRatio <120khz> - 4 bits each low freq in low bits
10
11
12
Band0 F cancelled
13
Band1 F cancelled
14
Band2 F cancelled
15
Band0 SonarRisk
16
Band1 SonarRisk
17
Band2 SonarRisk
18
19
254/255
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
CP22 minute
NofBands
Not used
Temp deg C
Angle
Time of last click
Nclicks MSB
Nclicks LSB
Band0kHz mode
Band1kHz mean
Band2kHz mean
Band3kHz mean
Band4kHz mean
Band0 SonarRisk
Bands 1,2 Sonar risk
Bands 3,4 SonarRisk
SedNoise kHz
NinBand1
NinBand2
NinBand3
NinBand4
CP3 repeats CP1 params, plus
0
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Not used
Temp deg C
Angle
Not used
Time of last click
Nclicks MSB
Nclicks LSB
Not used
NCetHi – expands base 8 instead of 16
NTrn – expands base 8 instead of 16
Band0kHz mode
Band1kHz mean
Band2kHz mean
Band3kHz mean
Band4kHz mean
Band0 SonarRisk
Bands 1,2 Sonar risk
Bands 3,4 SonarRisk
RampTrend
SedNoise kHz
Vis sp1
Vis sp2
Vis sp3
Vis sp4
Vis sp5
Vis sp6
CP3 files
Byte 19
Bits 1,2
Qclass. 3=Hi, 2=Lo, 1=?, 0=??
Bits 3,4,5
SpClass 0=Porp, 1=Dol, 2=otherCet, 3=non cet , 4=unknown
Byte 20: Train Number 5..127
HPstatus: // 0 = no HP, 1 = HP possible, 2 = HP probable
TrnStatus: to include
# reliable rate from low iici and other params
# reliable sp group
# reliable sp?
# sonar risk
# previous click is virtual set Hi bit to 1
RecType values
Fused out
0
Clstr member 1
Free
2
Lone
3
Sentinel
4
Train N
5..127
not allocated 129.. 252
Defective
253
as Clstr status for Clstr1 this means the click is not within the band
Minute
254
End
255
SpN Species Number
0
0
unclassified
NBHF
NBOtherF
BB low
Boat sonars
'harmonic' sonars
Slope
0..6 P1 > P5
7
PI = P5
8..15 P5 > P1
So line can be drawn by adding (slope – 7) to Y value
MSB 4 bits of slope is Pmax * 2 div P5
ClassID / TrN
0
Fused out
1
members
2
Free Range
3
Sentilones
4
Sentinels
21
22-26
27-46
47-66
67-96
97-127
128-253
254
scratcher trains
Unallocated weirdos
??
?
CetLo
CetHi
unallocated
Minute marker
255
File end marker
Clusters:
.
Cluster number (ClstrN)
Bit allocation:
Bit 1
= 0 – sole click, not in a cluster
Bit 1
= 1 – within a cluster, not the first - so these form continuous runs, including all fusedout clicks
Bits 2,3,4,5 = compressed cluster size stored in sentinel click, mean click maxPk in the rest.
Cluster Slope
Bits 6,7,8 = cluster pk slope.
0 = initially lower
1 = no slope
2..7 = greater slopes, initially higher
Pre3msCoFcyc: The number of same-freq cycles/10 in the first 3ms time before the start of the click is stored with:
Pre2CoFtime: The number of all click cycles in the 10ms before.
PreMult: Pre2CoFtime on a log scale as the 4 higher bits of byte 13 + with Pre3msCoFcyc on a non-linear scale as the 4 LSB
Pre2CoFtime
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
mS
<1
1
2
4
8
16
32
64
128
256
512
1024
2048
4096
8192
FiveMuSecs
<200
200
400
800
1600
3200
6400
12800
25600
51200
102400
204800
409600
819200
1638400
Max Lapse
reject
200
400
800
1600
3200
6400
12800
25600
51200
102400
204800
409600
MaxLapse
MaxLapse
Fused stores n of cycles of same F / constFusedGapCycles that follow with no gaps longer than constFusedGapCycles.
PostF is the av frequency of the first non CoFre click starting within constFusedGapCycles. It is there to help identify any bimodal pattern.
BW = mean diff between Zs 2..5
Target = 12.5% of mean Z Mean is taken when there are 4, 8 or 16 diffs
Freq groups – kHz 7
lo
hi
width
20
29
10
30
44
15
45
64
20
65
89
25
90
119 30
120 149 40
>150?
PRF groups 8
PRF >
range
0
3.333333
10
30
90
270
810
2430
range/prev range
3.33
6.67
2
20
3
60
3
180
3
540
3
1620
3
Very slow
Slow
Slow Medium
Fast Medium
Fast
Buzzes
Very fast
Extremely
fast
Click Selection
(tcAllClx, tcAllTrains, tcBoatSonar, tcNonCet, tcDoubtfulCet, tcCetLo, tcCetHi);
ClickClass
0 subsid
1..10 n in cluster
11..
kHz
20
40
50
100
125
150
200
ZCI full cycle
250
125
100
50
40
33
25
ZCI to Freq
ZCI
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
kHz
200
192
185
178
172
166
161
156
151
147
142
138
135
131
128
125
121
119
116
113
111
108
106
104
102
100
98
96
94
The values here are a pair of successive ZCIs summed
ZCI
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
kHz
92
90
89
87
86
84
83
81
80
79
78
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
64
63
62
61
60
ZCI
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
kHz
60
59
58
58
57
56
56
55
54
54
53
53
52
52
51
51
50
50
49
49
48
48
47
47
46
46
45
45
45
ZCI
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
kHz
44
44
43
43
43
42
42
42
41
41
40
40
40
40
39
39
39
38
38
38
37
37
37
37
36
36
36
35
35
ZCI
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
kHz
35
34
34
34
34
34
33
33
33
33
32
32
32
32
32
31
31
31
31
31
30
30
30
30
30
29
29
29
29
ZCI
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
kHz
29
29
28
28
28
28
28
28
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
ZCI
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
kHz
25
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
21
ZCI
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
kHz
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
Train detection
For DD2 a click-centred view is added:
 Fusion groups: The duration of continuous same-frequency sound with no gaps longer than n (5?) cycles is found and stored as a fusion group length measured in
5-cycle units. The frequency match and cycle lengths used are based on the first click, and do not change. It is just possible for a higher frequency click to
remain in the record within the time span of a lower freq fusion group, and this may happen.
 PreMult: Pre3.2 The number of cycles / const of same freq in the first 3ms before the start of the click is stored as the 4 lower bits of byte ..
 Pre2CoFtime: The time to find 2 preceding slicks of the same F. stored as the 4 higher bits of byte Scaled as ^2..
Q: should the PreMults be frequency specific? Probably yes, but make this optional.
Probability modelling:
During train finding log
A. the sum of ABS differences between the longest periods with no frequency-eligible clicks in successive ICIs.
B. the sum of ABS differences between successive ICIs.
C. the number of frequency-eligible clicks.
B/A will be high when it is noisy, but will fall when it is very noisy.
C will rise when it is very noisy or when there are big multi-path clusters
Big multi-path clusters will be shown by high values for fusion group length, or low values for PreMult / fusion group length.
So a 3D descriptor should be possible.
? will fusion group length do the job, or should there be a PostMult count?
File Structure
Structure of file on PC = HdrBuf
FileStructure codes
0. original .cp1 form with P1, P5,
1. slope version.
WeakLimit: Clicks are logged if
StrongLimit
(Actual Ncyc - 2) + pMax shr 1 > = weak limit
Header size = 360 for CP1 and older CP2 and CP3 files, 720 for newer CP2 and CP3 files
FILE STRUCTURE
V1
V0
0
same
HeaderSize div 10 or RecBytes
1
same
RecBytes
2
FileStructure code LSBits 0, 1, as in this table 2 is different in CP2 and CP3 files
3
4
same
RateRampsMarked = 1
5
CP3 shortened = 1;
6
CP2_3StructureVersion 0 original, 2 introduced with TDAversion in 293
TDA version 2
7
same
Species classification version – POD.exe versions
255=user classification. Details in extended header
8-12
BYTE 8 must be a letter
0
DEPLOYMENT LOCATION
13,20
same
LAT
21,28
same
LONG
29,30
same
Depth of deployment m MSB first
31,32
same
Depth of water m
33-63
same
Location
SETTINGS USED
64
Switch threshold from (0 to 180 ≡ 0 to 255, but sin)
User Gain – Use EEPROM value if zero
65
Switch threshold to (0 to 180 ≡ 0 to 255, but sin)
User Hysteresis – Use EEPROM value if zero
66
Number of minutes asleep (0 to 10)
Switch threshold from (0 to 180 ≡ 0 to 255, but sin)
67
0
Switch threshold to (0 to 180 ≡ 0 to 255, but sin)
68
Delay to logging start (0 to 65536 minutes)
Number of minutes asleep (0 to 10)
69
Delay to logging start (0 to 65536 minutes)
0
70,71
Delay to logging end (0 to 16,777,215)
Delay to logging start (0 to 65536 minutes)
72
Delay to logging end (0 to 16,777,215)
Delay to logging end (0 to 16,777,215)
73-74
Maximum file length in blocks (0 to 1.07 × 109)
Delay to logging end (0 to 16,777,215)
9
75
Maximum file length in blocks (0 to 1.07 × 10 )
Maximum file length in blocks (0 to 1.07 × 109)
9
76
Maximum file length in blocks (0 to 1.07 × 10 )
Maximum file length in blocks (0 to 1.07 × 109)
77
User Gain
Maximum file length in blocks (0 to 1.07 × 109)
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
User Hysteresis
Filter Selection
0
same
Low ZCI Start (0 to 63)
High ZCI Start (0 to 255)
same
Minimum amplitude (0 to 255)
Half range add on (0 to 31)
Bandwidth threshold (0 to 31)
Minimum cycles in any click (0 to 15 not previously
accessible?)
89
MiniMax peak (0 to 255)
90
Weak limit
91
Strong limit
92
Alerting Frequency (0 to 255, 0 = off)
93
Trigger Amplitude
94
Trigger Ncyc Count
95
Trigger First ZCI
96
Trigger Last ZCI
97-98
Minimum Trigger Count
126-127 same
SUMMARY OF DATA LOGGED
128-131 same
132-134 same
135-137 same
138-140 same
141
same
142,143 0
POD IDENTIFIERS and DEFAULT SETTINGS
144,145 same
146,147 same
148,150 0
152-159 0
160-163 same
164-67
same
168
0
169
0
170
same
171
same
172
same
Maximum file length in blocks (0 to 1.07 × 109)
0
Filter Selection (0 to 3)
Minute limit – (No limit, 1024, 4096, 65536. Store 2 bit code)
Minimum amplitude (0 to 255)
MinMax peak (0 to 255)
Minimum start amplitude
Bandwidth threshold (0 to 31)
Low ZCI Start (0 to 63)
High ZCI Start (0 to 255)
Trigger Ncyc count
Trigger First ZCI (0 to 255)
Trigger Last ZCI (0 to 255)
Min Trigger Count (0 to 255) – 0 = off
Alerting enable On / Off ≡ 0 or 1
Alerting Frequency (0 to 255)
0
0
0
0
POD number from SD card
N of clicks in CP1 file
Minute number at exit
Minutes logged
Total minutes truncated
Raw File structure version
0
PIC Software version number
CPLD Firmware version number
Invoice number
0
Year of manufacture
POD number EEPROM
MainBoardVersion
PreampVersion
Amplifier ID
ADC ID
Processor ID
173
174
175
176,177
178,179
180
181,182
183,184
185-191
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212,213
214
215
216
same
same
same
same
same
same
same
same
0
POD version
Default User Gain
Default User Hysteresis
Default Filter Selection (0 to 3)
0
Default Minute limit – (No limit, 1024, 4096, 65536.
Store 2 bit code)
Default Low ZCI Start (0 to 63)
Default High ZCI Start (0 to 255)
Default Minimum start amplitude
Default Minimum amplitude (0 to 255)
Default Half range add on (0 to 31)
Default Bandwidth threshold (0 to 31)
Default Minimum cycles in a click (0 to 15)
Default Minimum peak (0 to 255)
Default Weak limit
Default Strong limit
Default Alerting Frequency
Trigger Amplitude
Trigger ZCI Count
Trigger First ZCI
Trigger Last ZCI these are all overwritten
Minimum Trigger Count
0
0
Self Calibration Mode, gain. 0 – not calibrated, 2 –
calibrated OK. 8 – failed at maximum, 9 – failed at
minimum.
CPLD ID
Transducer ID
G sensor ID
G sensor offset
G sensor scale
Temperature sensor ID
Temperature sensor offset
Temperature sensor scale
0
POD version
Default Gain
Default Hysteresis
Default Filter Selection
Default Minute Limit
Default Minimum Amplitude
Default Minimum Peak
Default Minimum Start Amplitude
Default Bandwidth Threshold
Default Low ZCI start
Default High ZCI start
0
0
0
0
0
0
Self Calibration Mode. LS 4 bits Gain, MS 4 bits Hysteresis. 0 do nothing, 1 –
request calibration, 2 – calibrated OK. 8 – failed at maximum, 9 – failed at
minimum.
Calib target clicks in 10 seconds
Calib target clicks in 10 seconds
User Notes 211-255
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
217,218
219
210,211
212,213
Gain amplitude calibration value used
Self Calibration Mode, hysteresis. 0 – not calibrated, 2
– calibrated OK. 8 – failed at maximum, 9 – failed at
minimum.
Hysteresis calibration value used
Auto-calibration code
Actually all notes
241-255
256
unused
DATES AND TIMES
256,259 same
260,263 same
264,267 same
268,271 same
272,275 same
276,279 same
292
293
294,295
310-312 nHiClx
313
SedNoiseFrac: all NBHF clks + SedN / CetAll
314-317
GoToMin
318-322
GoToFiveMuSec
323-325
nNBHFcetAll clicks
326-328
nNNcetAll clicks
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
User Notes
unused
FirstLoggedMin
LastLoggedMin
Min of creation
Original FirstLoggedMin
StoredFirstProcessMin
StoredLastProcessMin
SlopeFormatVersion
UsedTDAversion
File identifier two Char e.g. BL for Beluga
329-330
331-332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340..342
343
344-345
360-439
nNBWutRiskClks
nNNWutRiskClks
Av Angle
Av temp range
p2p8s Sed mins
p2p8s Sonar mins
p2p8s noisy mins
NBnHiTrns
NNnHiTrns
nLoggingMins
ModalNBHFkHz
nAllClxPerHour
SPECIES CLASSIFICATION GROUPS
User defined species text, 8 chars each
Block size on SD card 512
Hex 200000 blocks per GB Decimal 2,097,152
SETUP.CHE is at 32776
DATA0.CHE is at 32784
The alerting frequency works as follows:
The 312.5kHz clock is multiplied by the number in bits 4..0 of the
control byte, and divided by 64. It is also divided by a power of 2
according to bits 6..5 of the control byte. Bit 7 of the control byte
doubles the output amplitude.
With bits 6..5 = 00, the frequency is 4.88kHz with bits 4..0 = 00001,
9.76kHz at 00010, through to 151.36kHz with bits 4..0 = 11111. These
frequencies are halved with bits 6..5 = 01, quarter when = 10, and an
eighth when 6..5 = 11.
Set as follows:
40kHz (39)
50kHz (48.8)
10
60kHz (58.6)
12
70kHz (68.3)
14
80kHz (78.1)
16
8
90kHz (87.8)
100kHz (97.6)
110kHz (107.4)
120kHz (122)
130kHz (131.8)
140kHz (141.5)
18
20
22
25
27
29
The serial cable. One end plugs into the board, the other to a serial port on a PC running Hyperterminal at 19200 baud, no handshakes.
The switch must be on to enable serial communication, when the pod powers up. The LED supposedly flashes for each click in this mode (suspect not working), and the analogue circuits are powered up.
To set the gain to hex 3A, for example, type:
G 3 A <Return>
The pod will respond with R if this is OK, E if not.
This only sets the gain temporarily. To change the gain permanently it must be written into the EEPROM.
Set the EEPROM gain address: A 0 8 <Return> (Confirm that 'R' is received)
Set the gain value in EEPROM: E 3 A <Return> (Confirm that 'R' is received)
If another write is sent to the EEPROM, without an 'A' command this will go to the next address, i.e. hysteresis.
Revised gain on board 0002
Special Setup File for EEPROM & SW Loading
A special SD card may be prepared for loading the EEPROM, PIC code or CPLD code from SD card data. The card is as follows:
Byte
Description
0-7
String, “Chelonia”
8,9
0xaa, 0x3c = 170, 60!
10
0xfx, where x is as follows:
Bit 0 – Update EEPROM 240
Bit 1 – Update PIC 241
Bit 2 – Update CPLD 242
11
Checksum of all EEPROM data from 64 to 127
12
Checksum of all PIC data (Data blocks 0 – 63)
13
Checksum of all CPLD data (Data blocks 64 – 319)
14-17
Version number of EEPROM
18-21
Date of EEPROM data
22-25
Time of EEPROM data
26-29
Version number of PIC
30-33
Date of PIC data
34-37
Time of PIC data
38-41
Version number of CPLD
42-45
Date of CPLD data
46-49
Time of CPLD data
50-76
Not used (but 64-76 is used for checksum)
77
User Gain
78
User Hysteresis
79
Filter Selection (0 to 3)
80
Not used – set to zero
81
Minute limit – (No limit, 1024, 4096, 65536. Store 2 bit code)
82
Low ZCI Start (0 to 63)
83
High ZCI Start (0 to 255)
84
Minimum start amplitude
85
Minimum amplitude (0 to 255)
86
Half range add on (0 to 31)
87
Bandwidth threshold (0 to 31)
88
Minimum cycles in a click (0 to 15)
89
Minimum peak (0 to 255)
90
Weak limit
91
Strong limit
92
Alerting Frequency (0 to 255, 0 = off)
93
Trigger Amplitude
94
Trigger ZCI Count
95
Trigger First ZCI
96
Trigger Last ZCI
97,98
Minimum Trigger Count
99-127
Not used (Extra EEPROM)
Only non-zero values will be written to the EEPROM – to avoid changing the EEPROM, set the value in the SD card to zero. Note that all values that may have a
legitimate zero value are less than 8 bits long. Set the MSB to 1 to force a write of zero.
The EEPROM data will be loaded first, then the CPLD, then the PIC. There must be no power outages during this process otherwise the system will be damaged. After
programming the system will be locked up waiting for a power cycle.
Issue 1 hardware does not support CPLD upgrade.
To use this card power up the pod, and hold the button down while inserting the card. If the button is not down when the card is inserted it will be rejected as a faulty
card.
Data Files
Each file runs into the next.
The start of the first file stores a data block as follows:
Byte
Description
0-127
Setup data as above
128-131 Data blocks written
132-134 Minute number at exit
135-137 Minutes logged
138-140 Total minutes truncated
141
File structure version
142,143 Not used
144,145 PIC Software version number
146,147 CPLD Firmware version number
148-159 Not used
160-163 Year of manufacture
164-67
Unit number
168
Gain setting
169
Hysteresis setting
170
Amplifier ID
171
ADC ID
172
Processor ID
173
CPLD ID
174
Transducer ID
175
G sensor ID
176,177 G sensor offset
178,179 G sensor scale
180
Temperature sensor ID
181,182 Temperature sensor offset
183,184 Temperature sensor scale
185-191 Not used
192
Default Gain
193
Default Hysteresis
194
Default Filter Selection
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202-207
208
Default Minute Limit
Default Minimum Amplitude
Default Minimum Peak
Default Minimum Start Amplitude
Default Bandwidth Threshold
Default Low ZCI start
Default High ZCI start
Not used
Self Calibration Mode. LS 4 bits Gain, MS 4 bits Hysteresis. 0 do
nothing, 1 – request calibration, 2 – calibrated OK. 8 – failed at
maximum, 9 – failed at minimum.
209-210 Expected clicks in 10 seconds
There are the following two types of data record, plus an end-of recording marker.
Minute Record
One of these is recorded every minute starting at zero.
Byte Description
0
254 (0xfe)
=254
1-3 Minute number. MSB is set to a 1 if the previous minute truncated data Mod 128 is <3
2
Minute number
255 at 45.51 days
3
Minute number
4
Temperature to 0.2°C
5
Orientation, 0 – 255, maps to 0 – 180°
Click Record
Byte Description
0
Time in 5µs. MSB
1
Time in 5µs.
2
Time in 5µs. LSB
3
Zero crossings in this click
4
Bandwidth, (sum of first 10 zero crossing intervals) div 256
5
(sum of first 10 zero crossing intervals) mod 256
6
Last zero crossing interval
7
Maximum amplitude during click
8
Amplitude of first zero crossing
9
Amplitude of 5th zero crossing
Max val 180
Min val 3
Min = ??
Min =
Min =
Min =
End of Recording
This is indicated by a single 0xff byte. In practice, the whole of the data file is initialised to 0xff, and some of it is overwritten.
Detection algorithm
This is the final + 1 version, in Pascal. Values * are set by the user for each run.
Subtraction of 24 from ADC values has been implemented in the POD firmware, but is not included here.
Byte values
Constants that limit what is logged
*MinAmp
minimum peak height for any ZC admitted – currently 40
*constBWthreshold
a user-defined small value in the range 0..4
*MinPeak
smallest value of maximum peak in a click admitted
*LowZciStart
sets a range of starting values for a click
*HiZciStart
sets a range of starting values for a click
*HalfRangeAddOn
widens the range of acceptance of next ZCI
*WeakLimit
used to exclude short weak clicks
*StrongLimit
used to include strong 4 cycle clicks
incoming data variables
ZCI
next ZCI between upgoing crossings
Pk
peak to peak amplitude
process variables 8 bit
ClkZCIMin a calculated range for acceptance of the next ZCI
ClkZCIMax
“
ClkZciCount
the number of cycles in a click – limited to 255
halfrange part of calculating the acceptable ZCI range. May be unnecessary
ClkBW
a value for the bandwidth calculated when the number of ZCIs allows division to be by 4,8 or 16
ClkZciFirst only used for the external trigger
ClkZciLast
the last ZCI used to find the bandwidth
ClkBWtarget
a criterion for exclusion calculated using the ZciSum and the user defined BWthreshold value
ClkMaxPk used to exclude too weak clicks
ClkPk1
value of the first peak for use in the train detection on the PC
ClkPk5
“
5th
SeqBroken true if any out of range ZCI occurs 1 bit
process variables more than 8 bit
ZciSum
the sum of up to 8 ZCIs, excluding the first. 12 bit
ZciAbsDiffSum total of absolute ZCI differences for calculation of BW (bandwidth) 10bit
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
For each ZCI:
If (ZCI < 24) or (ZCI > 255) or (Pk < MinPeak) then SeqBroken:= true;
if (ClkZciCount > 0) then
begin ongoing click present
if (ZCI > ClkZCIMin) and (ZCI < ClkZCIMax) and (ClkZciCount < 255) and (not SeqBroken)
new ZCI is in range for this click, so add this ZCI to ongoing click
begin
Inc(ClkZciCount);
if ClkMaxPk < Pk then ClkMaxPk:= Pk;
if ClkZciCount < 10 then Inc(ZciSum,ZCI); only 8 ZCIs are summed, numbers 2..9
if ClkZciCount < 18 then Inc(ZciAbsDiffSum,abs(ZCI - ClkZlast));
ClkZciLast:= ZCI;
update bandwidth measure and value of 5th peak
if ClkZciCount = 5 then
ClkBWtarget:= ZciSum div 32 + constBWthreshold; = 1/8 of av of first ZCIs 2..5 + const
if ClkBWtarget > 32 then ClkBWtarget:= 32;
clkBW:= ZciAbsDiffSum div 4;
clkPk5:= Pk;
if ClkZciCount = 9 then
clkBW:= ZciAbsDiffSum div 8;
if ClkZciCount = 17 then
clkBW:= ZciAbsDiffSum div 16; no further measurement of BW is made after zci17
calculate new range of acceptable ZCIs based on last.
halfrange:= ZCI div 4 + halfRangeAddOn; addon makes selection more tolerant expecially at high frequencies
ClkZCIMax:= ZCI + halfrange; limited to 255
ClkZCIMin:= ZCI - halfrange; allows clicks to go above initial frequency range
end if (ZCI > ClkZCIMin) and (ZCI < ClkZCIMax) and (ClkZciCount < 255) and (not SeqBroken)
else
current click ended so evaluate this click for storage
begin
if (clkMaxPk > StrongLimit) then Dec(ClkZciLimit);
If Strong limit is less than 255 it allows very loud, less tonal clicks to be stored.
if ( (ClkZciCount > ClkZciLimit) and (clkBW < ClkBWtarget) and (clkMaxPk > MinAmp) and ((clkMaxPk div 2 + ClkZciCount) > WeakLimit) Weak limit rejects
very weak clicks unless they are long.
then store it
begin
if ClkZciCount < 10 then Dec(ZciSum,ClkZciLast); reduces noise from last zci value
Buf[1]:= ClkStart div (256 * 256);
Buf[2]:= (ClkStart mod (256 * 256)) div 256;
Buf[3]:= ClkStart mod 256;
Buf[4]:= ClkZciCount;
Buf[5]:= ClkBW + (ZciSum div 256) * 32;
Buf[6]:= ZciSum mod 256;
Buf[7]:= ClkZciLast;
Buf[8]:= ClkMaxPk;
Buf[9]:= ClkPk1;
Buf[10]:= ClkPk5;
save these 10 bytes
end;
if (clkMaxPk > StrongLimit) then Inc(ClkZciLimit); restores normal value to ClkZciLimit
ClkZciCount:= 0;
end; zci out of clk range
end; if (ClkZciCount > 0)
start new click using rejected ZCI value
if (ClkZciCount = 0) and (ZCI > 24) and (ZCI > LowZciStart) and (ZCI < HiZciStart) and (Pk > MinStartingPk) then
begin
ClkBWtarget:= 255;
ClkBW:= 0;
ClkZciCount:= 0;
ZciAbsDiffSum:= 0;
ClkZciCount:= 1;
ClkZciFirst:= ZCI;
ClkZciLast:= ZCI;
ClkMaxPk:= pk;
ZciSum:= 0; this omits the first value, which reduces noise
ClkPk1:= Pk;
halfrange:= ZCI div 4:
ClkZCIMax:= ZCI + halfrange; might overflow 8bits but
ClkZCIMin:= ZCI - halfrange; this allows clicks to go above the frequency limit set at the start.
SeqBroken:= false;
end;
External Trigger
Each click logged is tested against a set of parameters, and those passing the test are added to TriggerCount. If that exceeds a set value
at the end of the minute an external logic level is set, if not it is cancelled.
Trigger parameters
TriggerCount
*TriggerAmp
*TriggerZciCount
*TriggerFirstZCI
*TriggerLastZCI
*MinTriggerCount
The test is:
If
ClkMaxPk > TriggerAmp and
ClkZciCount > TriggerZciCount and
ClkZciFirst < TriggerFirstZCI and
ClkZciLast > TriggerLastZCI
then Inc(TriggerCount)
at minute end
if TriggerCount > MinTriggerCount then SetTriggerON else SetTriggerOFF.
TriggerCount:= 0
// A:(target + N * best) div (N + 1) gives a value between the two and as N gets larger it sticks closer to the latest value. Stays in 0-255 range. use for params with
good trend
// B:(target + best) div 2 ... mid point
// C:(target * N + best) div (N + 1) gives a value between the two and as N gets larger it sticks closer to the older value. Stays in 0-255 range. Use for v noisy params
// D: linear extrapolation is (2*Best - Target) ... can go negative or exceed 255 BUT TESTS BEST IN EXCEL
// consider target values modified by deviation of last fit from target to model curves instead of just straight lines
Notes
Cluster finding
PPrAddon: higher values give more clusters and more clicks. Useful range 10 to 100
MaxGap: big effect. More clicks in fewer clusters as value rises. Range 100 to 500
PPrthreshold ( ratio) less clusters and more click as value rises Range 1 to 4
Useful Numbers:
1GB per month = 3.3million clicks per day = 2300/minute
To write 65536 clicks requires 81 write power cycles
1GB requires 122000 writes
Baseline consumption 30mW
Noise adds up to 25mW
Write cycles add 90mW for 0.3 seconds = 27mW/s
Power to write 1Gb = 1,000,000mW s = 274mW/h
4GB approx 1W/h
Notes on data structure
Clusters: duration weighted mean F is more coherent than amplitude weighted F
Bandwidth
BW for HP goes down with Ncyc up and maxSPL up.
Same for BND but initially Ncyc going form 5 to 6 increases BW
Median value of BW HP show fall with rising SPL from 11 to an asymptote of 5.5
BW limit is 1/8th av ZCI per cyc plus addon.
130kHz basic overall click BW limit is 1/8 av ZCI (based on first 4 ZCIs) plus BWaddon.
130kHz cyc to cyc limit is last cyc +- 8 plus addon i.e. ¼ plus addon.
Median BW v SPL indicates noise is adding 5.5 to value of the weakest clicks. So the likely addons are in range 2 to 6.
Array file structure
*.arr
Header
0
1
2
3
4..7
8..11
12
13
14
HdrBytes - 200bytes
PODrecBytes
Rows
Columns
Start date/time
End date/time
TDA version
Lowest Q class for HP
Lowest Q class for dol
20..164
…199
POD numbers?
POD rec - bottom
byte
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
bits 1..6: HP ClkPosTenSecs
bit 7: unused
bit 8: active.
HP Mean kHz
HP Mean clk rate
Dol ClkPosTenSecs etc. as above but bit
8 unused
Dol Mean kHz
Dol Mean clk rate
POD rec – surface
bits 1..6: HP ClkPosTenSecs
bit 7: unused
bit 8: active.
HP Mean kHz
8
9
10
11
HP Mean clk rate
Dol ClkPosTenSecs etc. as above but bit
8 unused
Dol Mean kHz
Dol Mean clk rate
12 bytes per minute per position
For 6*6 grid = 432 bytes per minute
Size approx: 0.62MB / day