1
STAT Chapter (11) – Protection of the Patient during Diagnostic Radiologic Procedures
(ON WEB)
1. Which of the following is not an x-ray beam
5. When using digital fluoroscopy systems,
limitation device?
making use of the last-image-hold feature can:
A. Aperture diaphragm
A. Be an effective dose reduction technique
B. Collimator
B. Eliminate the need to collimate the primary
C. Filter
beam
D. Extension cylinder
C. Eliminate increased involuntary patient
motion
2. Making a change from a 200-speed to a
D. Eliminate increased voluntary patient
400-speed system will result in which of the
motion
following?
A. An increase in patient radiation exposure by
6. What is the function of filtration in
approximately 25%
diagnostic radiologic procedures?
B. A decrease in patient radiation exposure by
A. To decrease beam hardness, thereby
approximately 25%
reducing patient skin dose and the dose to
C. An increase in patient radiation exposure by
superficial tissues
approximately 50%
B. To increase beam hardness, thereby
D. A decrease in patient radiation exposure by
reducing patient skin dose and the dose to
approximately 50%
superficial tissues
C. To eliminate short-wavelength radiation to
3. Any radiograph that must be performed
reduce the radiation received by the patient's
more than once because of human or
skin and superficial tissues
mechanical error during the production of the
D. To increase beam hardness, thereby
initial radiograph is known as a repeat
increasing patient skin dose with only a slight
radiograph. What effect do repeat radiographs
increase to superficial tissues
have on the radiation dose received by the
patient?
7. Which of the following combination of
technical exposure factors and filtration reduce
A. The patient receives no additional radiation
dose
patient radiation dose during a radiographic
B. The patient's skin and possibly the gonads
examination?
receive a double radiation dose
A. Lower kVp, higher mAs, decreased
C. The patient's critical organs receive a
filtration
radiation dose that is 10 times greater than the
B. Higher initial
kVp, lower
radiation
mAs,
dose
increased
D. The patient's superficial tissues only receive
filtration
a radiation dose that is 4 times as great as that
C. Higher kVp, higher mAs, decreased
of the original radiation dose
filtration
D. Lower kVp, lower mAs, increased
4. Sharper size restriction of the radiographic
filtration
beam is achieved when the cone or cylinder is:
A. Longer
8. Depending on the area of the body being
B. Shorter
examined with a fluoroscopic image
C. Made of aluminum
intensification system, a range of
D. Made of a durable plastic
_____________ kVp for adult patients is
generally used.
A. 40 to 70
B. 50 to 80
C. 80 to 120
D. 120 to 150
2
9. To reduce the radiation exposure rate and
thereby reduce the amount of radiation that a
patient receives during a mobile radiographic
procedure, the radiographer must use a
minimal source-skin distance of:
A. 15 cm (6 “)
B. 30 cm (12 “)
C. 38 cm (15 “) D. 45 cm (18 “)
10. When a fluoroscopic image is electronically
amplified by an image intensification system,
which of the following benefits result?
1. Increased image brightness
2. Saving of time for the radiologist
3. Patient dose reduction
A. 1 and 2
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 3 D. 1, 2, and 3
11. Current federal standards limit entrance
skin exposure rates of general-purpose
intensified fluoroscopic units to a maximum of:
A. 5 R/min (5 x 2.58 x 10-4 C/kg/min)
B. 10 R/min (10 x 2.58 x 10-4 C/kg/min)
C. 20 R/min (20 x 2.58 x 10-4 C/kg/min)
D. 25 R/min (25 x 2.58 x 10-4 C/kg/min)
12. During a fluoroscopic examination, a
cumulative timing device times the x-ray
exposure and sounds an audible alarm or
temporarily interrupts the exposure after the
fluoroscope has been activated for about how
long?
A. 1 minute
B. 3 minutes
C. 5 minutes D. 10 minutes
13. When a pregnant patient must undergo a
radiographic examination, which of the
following practices will minimize radiation
exposure?
A. Selecting technical exposure factors that
are appropriate for the part of the body to be
radiographed
B. Opening the x-ray beam collimator as wide
as possible to ensure complete coverage of the
image receptor
C. Adequately collimating the x-ray beam to
include only the anatomic area of interest and
shielding the lower abdomen and pelvis when
this area does not need to be included in the
area to be irradiated
D. A and C
14. To visualize smaller and lower contrast
objects during interventional procedures, highlevel-control fluoroscopy uses exposure rates
that are _______________ those normally
used in routine fluoroscopy.
A. Higher than
B. Lower than
C. The same as
D. None of the above because smaller and
lower contrast objects cannot be visualized by
fluoroscopy during interventional procedures
15. According to the American College of
Radiology (ACR), abdominal radiologic
examinations that have been requested after
full consideration of the clinical status of a
patient, including the possibility of pregnancy,
need:
A. Not to be postponed or selectively
scheduled
B. To be postponed or selectively scheduled
C. To be postponed and scheduled at least 10
days after the start of start of the next
menstrual period
D. To be postponed and scheduled 10 days
before the end of the next menstrual period
16. Which of the following types of filters should
be used to provide uniform density when
radiographing a foot in the dorsoplantar
projection?
A. Bilateral wedge filter
B. Trough filter
C. Thoraeus filter
D. Wedge filter
17. A radiographer uses high-speed
radiographic film inside a 10 x 12 cassette
equipped with rare-earth screens and optimal
technical exposure factors to obtain PA and
lateral radiographs of the chest of a 2-year-old.
To maximize reduction of patient dose
following adequate immobilization of the
toddler, the radiographer should:
A. Shield the reproductive organs and
collimate the radiographic beam so that it is
slightly larger than the margins of the image
receptor
B. Shield the reproductive organs and
collimate the radiographic beam so that it is
3
no larger than the margins of the image
receptor
C. Shield the reproductive organs and
collimate the radiographic beam so that it is
smaller than the margins of the image receptor
D. Not shield the reproductive organs and
collimate the radiographic beam so that it is
smaller than the margins of the image receptor
18. Federal government specifications
recommend a minimal total filtration of
_____________ for fixed fluoroscopic units
operating above 70 kVp.
A. 1.0-mm aluminum equivalent
B. 1.5-mm aluminum equivalent
C. 2.0-mm aluminum equivalent
D. 2.5-mm aluminum equivalent
19. Which of the following types of gonadal
shielding provide the best protection for a male
patient during most radiologic procedures?
A. Flat contact shield containing 1 mm of
lead
B. Shadow shield
C. Shaped contact shield containing 1 mm
of lead
D. None of the above because gonadal
shielding is unnecessary for male patients of
any age
20. Specific area shielding may be selectively
used during some radiologic procedures to
protect which of the following:
1. Lens of the eye
2. Breast
3. Reproductive organs
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
21. Skin doses are most frequently assessed
by using:
A. Thermoluminescent dosimeters
B. Filtration equivalent to 4.0-mm aluminum in
the path of the beam
C. No filtration in the path of the beam
D. Molybdenum and rhodium filters
22. If carbon fiber is used in the front material
in a cassette that holds the radiographic
intensifying screens instead of aluminum or
cardboard, the result will be:
A. The appearance of faint blotches in the
recorded image
B. The appearance of grid lines in the
recorded image
C. Higher dose for the patient because higher
radiographic techniques are required to
produce the radiographic image
D. Lower dose for the patient because lower
radiographic techniques are required to
produce the radiographic image
23. Which of the following are considered to be
benefits of a repeat analysis program?
1. Increased awareness among staff
and student radiographers of the need to
produce optimal quality recorded images
2. Radiographers generally become
more careful in producing their radiographs
because they are aware that the radiographs
are being reviewed
3. When the repeat analysis program
identifies problems or concerns, in-service
education programs covering these specific
topics may be designed for imaging personnel
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 3
24. The genetically significant dose (GSD) for
the population of the United States is about:
A. 1.00 mSv (100 mrem)
B. 0.80 mSv (80 mrem)
C. 0.40 mSv (40 mrem)
D. 0.20 mSv (20 mrem)
25. In image-intensification fluoroscopy an xray beam half-value layer of 3-mm to 3.5-mm
aluminum is considered acceptable when peak
kilovoltage ranges from:
A. 50 to 70
B. 70 to 80
C. 80 to 90
D. 90 to 100
4
Chapter 7 ANSWER PG
16. D
1. C
17. C
2. D
18. D
3. B
19. C
4. A
20. D
5. A
21. A
6. B
22. D
7. B
23. D
8. C
24. D
9. B
25. D
10. D
11. B
12. C
13. D
14. A
15. A