Marfan Syndrome: A genetic defect leading to problems in the construction of
fibrillin. It is the result of the production of faulty protein fibers affecting certain
connective tissues throughout the body making them weak or dysfunctional. Marfan
Syndrome can be treated only by symptoms because no therapy can reverse the
action of mutated genes. These include prescribing betablockers, blood pressure
medications, Prophylactic antibiotics, surgery, and massage. CS cautions include
knowing the severity and history of the syndrome, affected areas, and medication
currently being taken, and past surgeries.
Muscular Dystrophy: A group of several closely related diseases characterized by
genetic anomalies, leading to the degeneration and wasting away of muscle tissue.
The most common form of MD involves a genetic mutation that either prevents the
production of dystrophin altogether or allows its production in only subnormal levels,
causing the muscles to atrophy and die, to be replaced by fat and connective tissue.
Antagonists to affected muscles have no resistance, and eventually their connective
tissue shrinks, pulling bony attachments closer together in permanent contraction.
There is no treatment to reverse or cure MD exists. Some CTs include physical
therapy, massage, surgery, taking prednisone, using braces, walkers, and
wheelchairs. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the disease,
and history of treatments and surgeries.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A group of genetic disorders that change the quality or
quantity of type I collagen fibers. The result having bones that fracture extremely
easily, brittle teeth, ligament laxity, easy bruising, short stature, postural deviations,
hearing loss, and low muscle mass. OI has no cure. CT include physical activity, but
not with contact sports or activities that involve jumping or twisting, eating a healthy
diet, surgical procedure of “rodding”, using assistive devices like crutches, taking
pain relievers, and massage when appropriate. CS cautions would be to know the
history and severity of the disorder as well as surgery and pain medication being
used.
Baker Cyst: Synovial cysts found in the popliteal fossa, usually on the medial side.
These form when the joint capsule at the knee develops a pouch at the posterior
aspect. CT include icing and taking NSAIDs, aspirin, or cortisone shots. CS cautions
would be to know history and severity of conditions, pain medication being used.
Bunions: The first phalanx of the great toe is distorted toward the lateral aspect of
the foot. The joint capsule stretches, and callus grows over the protrusion. Most
bunions develop as a result of wearing poor shoes. Other factors include
misalignment between the first metatarsal and proximal phalanx of big toe,
overarched feet, flat feet, and tight Achilles tendon. CT include removing whatever
irritants are causing problem, massage, exercise, stretching, corticosteroid injections,
surgery. CS cautions would be to know history and severity of bunion, medication
being used, and history or treatment or surgery.
Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa. Usually caused by repetitive stress irritating and
inflaming the bursa sac causing the surrounding muscles to go into spasm. CT
includes taking anti-inflammatories, warm applications, aspiration of excess fluid,
corticosteroid injections, and bursectomy surgery. CS cautions include knowing if
other disorders, diseases, or local injuries are contributing, as well as, history and
severity of condition and treatments, and any pain medication being used.
Dupuytren Contracture: An idiopathic thickening and shrinking of the palmar fascia
that limits movement of the fingers. The development of DC resembles the growth
of scar tissue in response to trauma, but to an excessive degree. Specialized
fibroblasts and other cells contribute to the proliferations of type III collagen fibers,
in the fascia on the palm and fingers. As the condition progresses, the collagen
thickens and toughens, active cells re cede, leaving tight, thick bands of connective
tissue. There does seem to be a link to genetics, smoking and alcohol use. CT
includes injections of corticosteroid or collagenase, needle aponeurotomy, surgery,
physical therapy, massage. CS cautions would include know history and severity of
disorder and treatments. Also knowing a history of related and contributing factors.
GanGlion Cysts: Small fluid filled synovial sacs that are attached to tendinous
sheathes or joint capsules. Some grow in response to direct trauma or overuse.
Most appear without an identifiable reason. CT generally is to leave them alone.
They may be injected with cortisone or aspirated to relieve internal pressure,
surgically removing. CS cautions would be know history and severity of cyst, not to
put direct pressure or holding of area.
Hernia: A hole or rip through which the abdominal contents protrude. Causes
include congenital weakness of muscular wall, childbirth, and abnormal straining. CT
include surgery, wearing a special corset or truss. CS cautions would be to know
history and severity of hernia, as well as, treatment.
Osgood-Schlatter Disease: The result of chronic or traumatic irritation and
inflammation at the insertion of the quadriceps tendon in combination with
adolescent growth spurts. With acute inflammation of the quads insertion the
tendon can pull away from the bone, causing microscopic fractures and enlargement
of the tibial tuberosity. OSD patients commonly develop a large, permanent bump at
the tibial tuberosity. CT focuses on reducing pain and limiting damage to quad
attachment at the tibia, using hot packs before use and icing after, taking NSAIDs,
stretching, suspending activity, using braces or casts. CS cautions would be to know
the history of disease, treatment, and medication being used.
Pes Planus, Pes Cavus: Pes planus (flat feet) is the term for feet that lack the medial
arch between the calcaneus and great toe, the lateral arch between the calcaneus
and little toe, and the transverse arch that stretches across the ball of the foot. Pes
Cavus (Caved feet) is the term for feet with jammed arches, or hyperaccentuated
arch that doesn’t flatten out with each step but stays high and immobile. Imbalance
at the forefoot, midfoot, or hindfoot can lead to problems in how weight is
distributed over the whole surface and how the stress of weight bearing is translated
to the rest of the body. Development may also be a congenital problem in the shape
of the foot bones or strength of foot ligaments, a result of poor footwear, poorly
functioning tibialis posterior tendon, malunion fractures, shin splints, and/or
neuromuscular disorders. CT includes wearing highly supportive shoes or orthotic
inserts, physical therapy, surgery, and massage. CS cautions would include knowing
the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments. I would also want to
know if any related causes are present or have occurred.
Plantar Fasciitis: A condition caused by repeated microscopic injury to the plantar
fascia of the foot. Being overweight, wearing shoes with poor support, unequal leg
length, flat or pronated feet, jammed arches, tight calf muscles are among causes. It
may also be a secondary complication to an underlying disorder such as gout, RA, or
diabetes. When the plantar fascia is overused or stressed, its fibers tend to fray or
become disorganized resulting in the degeneration of the collagen matrix of the
plantar aponeurosis. CT includes removing the tensions that cause the condition by
warming and massaging the foot and lower leg before getting our of bed, using shoe
inserts, never walking barefoot, using a splint at night to hold the foot in a slight
dorsiflexion, using nonsteroidal and topical anti-inflammatories, ice, stretching,
corticosteroid injections, shockwave lithotripsy, and surgery. CS cautions would be
to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and pain
meds being used.
Scleroderma: A chronic auto-immune disease in which fibroblasts in the smallest
blood vessels produce huge amounts of collagen in the skin and other tissues.
Damage to these tiny vessels causes local edema and the stimulation of nearby
fibroblasts. Eventually the edema subsides, but the scar tissue deposits remain hard
for years at a time. The cause is unknown. Contributing factors include abnormal
immune responses, chronic inflammation, exposure to specific chemicals including
vinyl chloride, epoxy resins, uranium, and aromatic hydrocarbons, organic solvents,
silica, and viral infections. Treatment is directed at managing symptoms and
complications and include taking calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, diurectics,
antacids, NSAIDs, DMARDs, physical and occupational therapy, avoid smoking, cold
conditions, and spicy food. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of
the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used.
Tendinopathies: Injuries or damage to tendons. Unlike tendonitis acute
inflammation isn’t involved. Rather, they’re conditions in which the collagen
degenerates and the tendon loses its weight-bearing capacity. The causes are
probably a combination of factors including direct and shearing forces transferred
through the tendon, overuse without recovery time, poor flexibility, underlying
disease, a history of corticosteroid injections, training errors of athletes, problems
with equipment, or a fall or blow that damages the tendon. CT includes
corticosteroid injections, rest, ice, stretching, carefully gauged exercise, emphasis on
eccentric contractions, wearing a splint or brace. CS cautions would be to know the
history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. I
would also be cautious about mis-diagnosis.
Tenosynovitis: Irritation and inflammation of tendons that pass through the synovial
sheath. Usually caused by trauma, repetitive movement, or infection. It also occurs
as a complication of other diseases, such as RA, gout, or diabetes. CT includes taking
antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, or surgically splitting the synovium. CS
cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as
treatments and meds being used, and knowing of any contributing diseases.
Whiplash: A broad term used to refer to a mixture of injuries, including sprains,
strains, and joint trauma. Injuries are usually associated with a car accident in which
the head whips backward then forward in rapid succession, putting the following at
risk for injury; cervical muscles, capsules of the facet joints, esophagus, larynx, spinal
discs, tmj, spinal cord, and brain. CT include using neck collars, pain relievers, antiinflammatories, muscle relaxants, physical therapy, massage. CS cautions would be
to know the history and severity of the injury, as well as treatments and meds being
used.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A set of signs and symptoms brought about by the
entrapment of the median nerve between the carpal bones of the wrist and the
transverse carpal ligament that holds down the flexor tendons. It is caused by
repetitive movements for several hours every day. Aggravating factors include
edema, subluxation of carpal bones, fibrotic buildup. CTS can also be a symptom or
consequence of several other systemic diseases including diabetes mellitus,
hypothyroidism, lymphedema, acromegaly, RA, and gout. CT involves using wrist
splints, taking steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, corticosteroid
injections, exercise, stretching, proliferant injections, surgery, and some massage. CS
cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as
treatments and meds being used. I would also want to know if it is a symptom of a
systemic disease or other conditions or injuries are contributing.
Disc Disease: An umbrella term referring to a collection of problems in which the
nucleas pulposus and/or the annulus fibrosus extends beyond its normal borders
putting pressure on the nerve roots, cauda equine, or spinal cord. As a person ages
the annulus fibrosus starts to degenerate and the nucleus pulposus tends to shrink
and dry. As the nucleus pulposus becomes thin and dry, more stress is placed on the
annulus to bear weight and absorb shock. This puts the annulus at increased risk for
tiny cracks or fissures, adding stress to the connecting vertebrae. Causes can be
trauma and weak intervertebral ligaments. CT includes chiropractic and osteopathic
care, bed rest, traction, movement within tolerance, physical therapy, classes on
posture and body mechanics, taking muscles relaxants and pain killers, cortisone
injections, surgery, chemonucleoysis, transcutaneus discetomey, and massage. CS
cautions would be to know how accurate the diagnosis is, the history, severity, cause,
and contributing factors of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used.
I would also want to know if it is a symptom of a systemic disease or other conditions
or injuries are contributing.
Myasthenia Gravis: A progressive autoimmune disease that involves degeneration or
destruction of specific receptor sties at neuromuscular junctions. Autoantibodies
attack the Ach receptor sites causing them to function incorrectly. The muscle loses
the ability to respond and contract. CT includes boosting nerve transmission and
suppressing immune system activity at neuromuscular junctions. Medications include
drugs that limit the normal destructions of AC by local enzymes and steroids that
suppress immune system activity, surgery, and massage. CS cautions would be to
know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being
used.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A neurovascular entrapment of the brachial plexus of
blood vessels to or from the arm are impinged or impaired at one or more of 3 places.
TOS can be caused by any factor that impinges brachial plexus nerves or blood
vessels, anywhere from the anterior neck to the anterior chest. Postural habits and
bony growth make a person susceptible. It is often precipitated by a specific
traumatic event. Most common contributing factors include cervical ribs growing
longer than normal; relating muscles becoming tight, shrunken, and fibrotic, while
antagonistic muscles become weak; excessive connective tissue accumulation
around the attachments of the scalenes. CT depends on its cause and includes
strengthening and stretching related muscles, surgery, and massage. CS cautions
would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and
meds being used. It would also be very important to get an accurate diagnosis, and
to explore contributing factors and muscle involvement.
Chpt. 4, Nervous System Conditions
Alzheimer Disease: A progressive degenerative disorder of the brain causing
memory loss, personality changes, and eventually death. Causes include the
following; Sticky deposits of cellular protein on neural cells, Degeneration of tau
proteins causing long fibers to collapse and become twisted and tangled. The
presence of these two things means that fewer brain cells function at normal levels.
Other contributing factors may include genetics, chronic inflammations, history of
head injury, exposure to environmental toxins, high cholesterol, and low estrogen.
CT includes taking various medications and supplements and massage. CS cautions
include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used, being
aware that clients may have many other disorders or diseases that your and they are
not aware of, and being aware that verbal communication may be greatly
compromised.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Also known as Lou Gehrig disease, it is a progressive
condition that destroys motor neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems,
leading to the atrophy of voluntary muscles. The cause is unknown. Contributing
factors include tangled neural fibers and deposits of abnormal protein on clumps of
cells (like in AD) leading to degeneration of the neuron’s cytoskeleton and
strangulation of the presynatic axons, the accumulation of the neurotransmitter
glutamate in the synapses, genetic susceptibility to damage of free radicals,
autoimmune disease, mitochondrial dysfunction, and exposure to environmental
toxins. CT includes moderate exercise, physical and occupational therapy, heat,
whirlpools, speech therapy, braces, wheelchairs, voice aids, computers, surgery,
psychological therapy, various medications, and massage. CS cautions include
knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used.
Multiple Sclerosis: Idiopathic disease that involves the inflammation and
degeneration of myelin sheaths around both motor and sensory neurons in CNS. MS
is probably an autoimmune disease to which some are genetically predisposed, but
requires some combination of environmental triggers to initiate the disease process.
CT include taking various medications, careful exercise, physical and occupational
therapy, eating a healthy diet, sleep, stress management and massage. CS cautions
include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used.
Peripheral Neuropathy: Damage to peripheral nerves through lack of circulation,
chemical imbalance, trauma, or other factors. It is usually a symptom or complication
of an underlying condition of injury, infection, systemic disease, and/or toxic
exposure. CT includes medication, topical ointments, TENS units, biofeedback,
acupuncture, relaxation techniques, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the
history, severity, treatment, and medications being used and what the underlying
conditions are and could be.
Dystonia: Repetitive, predictable, but involuntary skeletal muscle contractions. The
cause may be unidentifiable, due to a genetic anomaly, or secondary symptom of
underlying disorder or drug addiction. CT include medication, botox injections,
surgery, and massage. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment,
and medications being used and what kind of Dystonia one has.
Parkinson Disease: Degenerative disease of the substantia nigra cells in the brain,
which help to maintain balance, posture, and coordination. The cause isn’t clear.
Risk factors include exposure to pesticides, fertilizers, and other industrial chemicals,
and genetics. CT include medication, deep brain stimulation, surgery, physical
therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, psychotherapy, and massage. CS
cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being
used.
Tremor: Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of antagonistic muscle groups and the
movement in a fixed plane. Most appear to be related to dysfunction in the links
between the brainstem, cerebellum and thalamus. There are several types of
tremors with different causes. Causes include genetics, alcohol and/or drug
withdrawl, PN, damage to cerebellum from stroke, MS, or tumors. CT includes
medications, small doses of alcohol, surgery, and massage. CS cautions include
knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications being used, as well as
what kind of tremor it may be.
Encephalitis: Infection of the brain, usually caused by a virus. It usually affects the
parenchyma of the brain and sometimes the meninges and spinal cord causing
inflammation. CT include medication, steroids. CS cautions include knowing the
history, severity, treatment, and medications used, and to make sure that the client
has fully recovered before working with.
Herpes Zoster: Also known as shingles, it’s a viral infection of the sensory neurons,
leading to painful, fluid-filled blisters on all the nerve endings of a specific
dermatome. It stems from the chickenpox virus, which lays dormant, then
reactivates later as shingles. Contributing factors to the trigger include stress, age,
impaired immunity, trauma, or drug reaction. CT include medication, topical
ointment, steroids, and painkillers. CS cautions include knowing the history, severity,
treatment, and medications used, and to make sure that the client has fully
recovered before working with.
Meningitis: Inflammation of the meninges and the cerebrospinal fluid that surround
the brain and spinal cord. Usually caused by bacterial or viral infections. CT varies
according to the pathogen. If the pathogen is bacterium antibiotics are given,
possibly steroids. Viral meningitis is treated with rest, fluids, good nutrition. CS
cautions include knowing the history, severity, treatment, and medications used, and
to make sure that the client has fully recovered before working with.
Polio and Postpolio Syndrome: Polio is a viral infection of the intestines and anterior
horn cells of the spinal cord. Postpolio syndrome is a group of signs and symptoms
common to polio survivors. The virus is commonly spread through oral-fecal
contamination, usually contaminated water and not causing much damage. For
fewer than 1% of people exposed, the virus travels to CNS where it destroys nerve
cells of the spinal cord. CT includes heat, physical therapy, massage, hydrotherapy,
braces, change in activity level, and exercise. CS cautions include knowing the
history, severity, treatment, and medications used and using and any related issues
such as compensation of other muscle groups.
Anxiety Disorders: Collection of distinct psychiatric disorders that have to do with
irrational fears and extensive efforts to avoid or control them. Contributing factors
include genetic vulnerability, history of traumatic events, situations or circumstances
that trigger and inappropriate stress response. Two major issues include problems
with the limbic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and
neurotransmitter imbalances. Most anxiety disorders are treated with a combination
of medication including antidepressants, antianxiety, beta blockers, and
psychotherapy. Massage is also recommended. CS cautions would be to know the
history and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. It
would also be very important to get an accurate diagnosis, and what the current level
of anxiety is. I would want to make them feel safe and in control of the session.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD is a neurobiochemical disorder
resulting in difficulties with attention, movement, and impulse control. The cause is
still a mystery, but has been traced to problems with dopamine production,
transportation, and reabsorption, and with noradrenaline disruption of the frontal
cortex and basal ganglia. Other contributing factors seem to be genetics, smoking,
alcohol, and exposure to certain toxins. CT includes medication, norepinephrine
reuptake inhibitor, counseling, nutritional supplements and monitoring, and
massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as
well as treatments and meds being used. I would take into consideration that
session might be shorter according to how long they can focus.
Autism Spectrum Disorders: A group of mental disorders characterized by problems
connecting with other people, including parents and family, communication
difficulties, specific and predictable movement patters, and sensory problems.
Causes point toward abnormalities within various neural systems linking the
brainstem limbic system, basal ganglia, cerebellum corpus callosum, and cerebral
cortex. Other theories include mitochondrial dysfunctions within neurons, early
exposure to some virus that stimulates an autoimmune response, exposure to
mercury, lead, or other heavy metals, and allergies. CT include placing the child in
highly structured, specialized programs that reinforce positive behavior, applied
behavioral analysis, sensory integration therapy, dietary adjustments and
supplements, medication, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history
and severity of the condition, as well as treatments and meds being used. I would
also think it would be important to have clear communication and make the client
feel safe and in control.
Chemical Dependency: The use of substances (legal and illegal) in methods or
dosages that result in damage to the user and people close to user. The process of
dependency depends on the chemical makeup of the product and the susceptibility
of the user. Some drugs work in the CNS by slowing the rate at which
neurotransmitters are reabsorbed at the key synapses leading to changes in the
number of neurotransmitter receptors. Other disruptions in neural pathways and
neurotransmitter relationship have been documented. Alcohol and sedatives work
by depressing CNS arousal, enhancing the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter
GABA. CT includes programs to support abstinence, rehabilitation, and prevention of
relapse. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition (if it
affected or caused any other disorders or diseases), as well as current chemicals and
meds being used.
Depression: A group of disorder that involve negative changes in emotional state.
It’s a CNS disorder involving a genetic predisposition, chemical changes, and often a
triggering event that results in a person losing the ability to enjoy life. It can be longlasting, self-propagating, and ultimately debilitating disease. There is no known
cause, although, there are several distinctive features noted in the brain and
endocrine system including neurotransmitter imbalance, hormonal imbalance, HPA
axis, and atrophy in the hippocampus, as well as, genetics, environmental triggers,
personality traits, chronic illness, and other problems. CT includes anti-depressant
drugs, psychotherapy, light therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, St. John’s Wort, and
massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition (if
it affected or caused any other disorders or diseases), as well as current chemicals
and meds being used.
Eating Disorders: These include a variety of unhealthy eating habits that may begin
slowly but over time become difficult or even impossible to break, including Anorexia
nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, and binge eating. Common characteristics of these this
disorder involve a complex mixture of physical and psychological issues, as well as,
having high expectations of oneself, athletics, low serotonin levels, neurotransmitter
imbalance. CT include resolving issues that led to the behaviors in the first place,
medication, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of
the condition (if it affected or caused any other disorders or diseases), as well as
current chemicals and meds being used, and being sensitive to the client needing a
higher level of support and nurturing during their session.
Bell Palsy: The result of damage to or impairment of CN VII, the facial nerve that is
composed almost entirely of motor neurons and is responsible fro providing facial
expression, blinking the eyes, and some taste sensations. It’s caused by an
inflammation of a peripheral nerve. There are links to herpes simplex virus. CT
includes a combination of steroidal anti-inflammatories and acyclovir to slow down
herpes activity, taping effected eye closed at night and protect it from drying and
dust during the day, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and
severity of the condition, as well as current and past treatments and their effect. I’m
curious to know case studies on this condition!
Cerebral Palsy: An umbrella term for many possible injuries to the brain during
gestational development, birth, and early infancy. It’s the result of brain damage,
usually to motor areas of the brain, specifically the basal ganglia and the cerebrum.
CT is focused on management, since damage in irreversible and incurable. It’s
managed through providing skill and equipment like braces, occupational, physical,
and speech therapy, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and
severity of the condition, as well as current chemicals and meds being used.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A chronic condition in which an initial trauma
causes pain that’s more sever and longer lasting than is reasonably expected,
possibly becoming life long. The usual causes in an initial trauma that begins a pain
sensation that’s managed by the sympathetic nervous system. Pain sensors in
affected area become increasingly sensitive to sympathetic chemicals like
norepinephrine. Eventually the physiological changes that occur cause their own
damage that may eventually be irreversible. CT includes physical and occupation
therapy, psychotherapeutic interventions, chemical nerve blocks, intrathecal pumps
to deliver pain killers, sypathectomy, and some massage. CS cautions would be to
know the history and severity of the condition, as well as current chemicals and meds
being used and level of pain experiencing.
Spina Bifida: A neural tube defect resulting in an incompletely formed vertebral arch,
damage to the meninges and/or spinal cord, and a high risk of distal paralysis and
infection. This develops within the first 14-28 days after conception. The main risk
factor is a deficiency of folic acid at conception and early fetal development. CT
includes surgery, physical therapy, exercise, crutches, braces, wheelchairs, and
massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition,
past treatments and surgeries, as well as current chemicals and meds being used and
level of pain experiencing.
Spinal Cord Injury: Some or all fibers in the spinal cord have been damaged, usually
by trauma but occasionally by other problems such as tumors or bony growths in the
spinal canal. It is usually caused by a crushing blow to the spinal cord, direct
compression exerted by tumors, bone spurs, cysts, stretching the spinal column,
gunshot wounds. A large part of the damage to the CNS tissue is incurred not by
trauma itself by posttraumatic reactions in the body. These include excessive
bleeding into and inside the spinal cord, local edema, free radical activity,
excitotoxicity, immune system activity, and apoptosis. CT includes surgery, limit
inflammations and other secondary body reactions with anti-inflammatories and
medication. Later treatment includes implantation of electrodes in muscles, surgical
transfer of healthy tendons, focusing on spinal reflexes for walking and other
movements, physical and occupational therapy, stem cell implantation, genetic
manipulation, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity
of the condition, past surgeries, as well as current chemicals and meds being used
and level of pain experiencing.
Stroke: Damage to brain tissue caused either by a blockage in blood flow or internal
hemorrhage. The causes are cerebral thrombosis (clotting in cerebral artery that
blocks artery and starves nerve cells), emblolism (fragments of blood clots or
atherosclerotic plaque that travel to brain.) CT is broken into categories of
prevention, acute care, postacute care, and chronic care. Under these categories
treatments include, exercise, diet changes, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs,
surgery, medication, physical, occupational, and speech therapies, and massage. CS
cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, as well as
current chemicals and meds being used.
Traumatic Brain Injury: Damage to the brain brought about by trauma rather than
congenital or chronic degenerative disease. Causes include skull fractures leading to
internal injuries, penetrating injuries, concussion, contusion, diffuse axonal injury,
anoxic brain injury, hypoxic brain injury, hemorrhage, hematoma, and edema. CT
includes surgery followed by physical, recreational, occupational and speech therapy.
CS cautions would be to know the history and severity of the condition, and past
treatments, as well as current chemicals and meds being used.
Trigeminal Neuralgia: Condition involving sharp electrical or stabbing pain along one
or more branches of the trigeminal nerve, usually in the lower face and jaw. The
cause of primary TN is controversial, but most likely related to an artery or vein that
wraps around or irritates the tn where it emerges from the pons at the base of the
brain. CT includes realigning the cervical vertebrae and relieving tension in the tmj,
acupuncture, anticonvulsant drugs, muscle relaxants, controlled destruction of part
of the nerve, surgery, some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and
severity of the condition, past treatments and surgeries, as well as current chemicals
and meds being used and level of pain experiencing.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Demyelinating disorder or peripheral nerves. It’s believed
that it is caused be a preceding infection that stimulates an immune system attack
mistakenly directed against the myelin sheaths of the peripheral nerves. Infections
can be caused by food poisoning or various pathogens. Other contributing factors
are pregnancy, surgery, and vaccines. CT include blood cleansing, injections of
immunoglobulin, using a ventilator, anticoagulants, occupational and physical
therapy, and some massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity
of the condition, past treatments and surgeries, as well as current chemicals and
meds being used and level of pain experiencing.
Headaches:
Tension Headaches: Headaches triggered by mechanical stresses that initiate the
CNS changes in serotonin levels and blood vessel dilation. Triggers are wide and
varied, some major ones include muscular, tendinous, or ligamentous injury to the
head or neck structure, simple muscle tension in the suboccipital triangle or jaw
flexors, subluxation or fixation of cervical vertebrae, structural problems, trigger
points, eyestrain, mental and physical stress.
Vascular Headaches: Headaches triggered by food sensitivities, hormonal shifts,
alcohol use, stress, and other factors. Pain comes from excessively dilated blood
vessels in the meninges. This category of headaches include migraines, cluter, sinus,
chemical, and traction-Inflammatory.
CT includes avoiding triggers, medication, nasal spray, oxygen inhalation and
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the
history and severity of the headaches, what kind of headaches experience, where
they are located, any other existing conditions that may be triggers, past treatments,
as well as current and meds being used and level of pain experiencing
Menier Disease: An idiopathic condition that affects the inner ear, leading to
problems with vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. The exact causes aren’t well
understood, but most researchers agree that it has to do with the accumulation of
excess fluid in the endolymph inside the membranous labyrinth. CT focuses on
symptomatic control including avoiding foods and habits that raise blood pressure
and increase fluid retention, adopting a low-salt diet, avoiding msg, limiting caffeine
and alcohol, quitting smoking. Other options include medication, surgery, and some
massage. CS cautions would be to know the history and severity, any other existing
conditions that may be triggers, past treatments, as well as current and meds being
used.
Seizure Disorders: Any condition that causes seizures. Often related to some kind of
neurological damage in the shape of tumors, head injuries, or infections. When
interconnecting neurons in the brain are stimulated in a certain kind of way, a
tremendous burst of excess electricity may stimulate the neighboring neurons. What
starts the seizure is mostly unknown. Some seizures are linked to underactive
inhibitory neurotransmitters, overactive excitatory neurotransmitters, or both. CT
includes medication, following a strict high-fat, low-fiber ketogenic diet, surgery,
using a vagus nerve stimulator, and some massage. CS cautions would be to know
the history, frequency, and severity of seizures, any other existing conditions that
may be triggers, past treatments, as well as current and meds being used.
Sleep Disorders: A collection of problems including insomnia, sleep apnea, restless
leg syndrome, narcolepsy, circadian rhythm disruption, and others that make it
difficult to get enough sleep or to wake up feeling rested and refreshed. CT includes
lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, quitting smoking, adjusting temperature or sound
levels in bedroom, etc. Other treatments include meds, surgery, and massage. CS
cautions would be to know the history, frequency, and severity, as well as what type
of sleep disorder, triggers, past treatments, as well as current and meds being used.
Vestibular Balance Disorders: A group of problems that can cause the vestibular
branch of Cranial Nerve VIII to dysfunction, leading to debilitating vertigo lasting
from a few seconds to many hours. These disorders include benign paroxysmal
positional vertigo, labyrinthitis, acute vestibular neuronitis, Meniere Disease, and
head injury. Other causes can be stroke tumors, MS, migraine headaches, allergies,
psychological disorders, and medication. CT include head maneuvers, medication,
exercise, and massage. CS cautions would be to know the history, frequency, and
severity of condition, any other existing conditions that may be a cause or trigger,
past treatments, as well as current and meds being used.