Curt Cotner
IBM Fellow
IBM Silicon Valley Lab cotner@us.ibm.com
April 15, 2020 © 2011 IBM Corporation

DB2 10 for z/OS
GA’ed October 2010
Completed Largest Beta Ever
 23 WW customers
 +10 Extended Beta
 Over 80 vendors
Fastest uptake out of the gate
 As of May, 2011 over 120 customer orders…
3x that of the prior release
 More than 4x the number of licenses
 About 25% are migrating from V8
 Every core beta customer is continuing with migration plans
First customer already in production
 Migrated from V8 to V10
 Quality/stability looking good
2 © 2011 IBM Corporation


Fastest uptake
• +2X customers
• +2.5X
licenses
• 25% coming from DB2 V8

Customers in Production
• SAP, data warehouse and OLTP workloads
• Skip-level and V2V

Quality / stability solid

Production references
3
DB2 V8 EOS: April 30, 2012
DB2 9 EOS: June 27, 2014
© 2011 IBM Corporation

 North America
– CICS/DB2 OLTP
 EMEA
– I/O Parallel Inserts
 North America
– CICS/DB2
 North America
– CICS/DB
 EMEA
– Key Queries
Insurance
15% CPU
Insurance
30% CPU; 41% Elapsed Time
Banking
7% CPU; 5% Elapsed Time
Manufacturing
23% CPU
Insurance
3-15% CPU
4
4 © 2011 IBM Corporation

DB2 10:
Performance Boost with CPU Savings
Fully in Production
Client: One of the largest insurance companies in Germany, supporting almost 7 million customers and more than 12 million insurance policies
Challenge: Maintain 24x7 availability while efficiently handling 18 million transactions a day and supporting industry standards of 10+ years of historical data and photos
Solution: DB2 10 for z/OS, CICS Transaction Server for z/OS V4.1, and z196 hardware
Key Benefits:
• Efficient, easy to scale solution
• 10% performance improvement with sub-second response times
•
Cost savings with 10% CPU reduction
5
“Migrating to DB2 10 generated a
10 percent performance improvement and 10 percent
CPU savings in our production system almost immediately.”
Matthias Jahns, Project Manager, HUK-COBURG
© 2011 IBM Corporation

Fully In Production
“We went for an early upgrade. The software was ready for us and we were ready for it. Why not take the savings early? DB2 10 has been a pleasant surprise. It will be difficult to find an area inside DB2 that does not give great performance. That being for developers, operation staff, administrators, etc. All will get benefits that could justify the upgrade in itself”
Fully In Production
“We are very pleased with the CPU savings we have seen with the out-of-the-box implementation during testing and early production phases. Our regression tests showed performance improvements just by running the workload on a DB2 10 CM member rather than a DB2 9 NFM member in the same data sharing group”
Fully In Production
“Migrating to DB2 10 generated a 10% performance improvement and 10% CPU savings in our production system almost immediately.”
“The ‘overall performance’ in DB2 10 is better compared to DB2 9. The stability of DB2 10 is better compared to previous releases”
In Production
“Participation in the beta gave us confidence to upgrade from V8 to DB2 10. The benchmarks and analysis of functionality and performance have exceeded our expectations. So far our upgrades have gone smoothly and we are looking forward to completing our successful rollout of DB2 10”
6 © 2011 IBM Corporation

7
© 2011 IBM Corporation

SAP Banking Services 7 on DB2 10 and z196
■
Record-setting performance for SAP core banking workloads
■
Number of accounts processed larger than ever before : 150 million
(Previously: 40 million)
8
40
30
20
10
0
70
60
50
Postings / hour [mio]
150 mio accts / two DB2 10 members
40 mio accts / four DB2 9 members
25
20
15
10
5
0
40
35
30
Balancing
Throughput [mio]
4 of the 6 customers mentioned in this article are on System z
150 mio accts / two DB2 10 members
40 mio accts / four DB2 9 members
Large-scale project run in Poughkeepsie in 1H 2011 www.ibm.com/solutions/sap/us/en/news/zenterprise_system_scales_best.html
© 2011 IBM Corporation


DB2 V8
•
End-Of-Service effective: April 31, 2012
•
50% off Extended Service if purchase DB2 10 before July 1, 2012

DB2 9
•
Withdraw-from-Marketing
– announce: Dec. 6, 2011 effective: Dec. 10, 2012
•
End-Of-Service
– announce: Feb. 7, 2012 effective: June 27, 2014
© 2011 IBM Corporation 9

DB2 10 Experiences
Why DB2 10 Now?
• Reduced cost
• Improved scalability
• Improved resilience
Benefits
•
90% Virtual storage savings
•
10% CPU savings on CICS transactions
•
30% CPU savings on test batch workload
”Our DB2 10 experience has given us confidence about the virtual storage relief and CPU savings. I am looking forward to continuing our rollout and reaping the benefits.”
Niels Simanis
Senior Technology Manager
Danske Bank
Migration Tips
•
Plan well, including good maintenance practices
•
Rebind can get you the highest CPU savings
•
Expect increase in real storage consumption to support and exploit DB2 10
10 © 2011 IBM Corporation

DB2 10 Experiences
Why DB2 10 Now?
• Reduced cost
• Improved performance
• Improved scalability
“We are pleasantly surprised with the out-of-the-box CPU savings we have seen during testing and early production phases.”
Benefits
•
20-30% CPU savings out-of-the-box
•
5-15% Performance improvements for batch,
CICS, and DDF
Actual results may vary for other customers
Terry Glover –Director IT
Infrastructure
Dillard’s
11
Migration Tips
•
Thorough preparation and planning
•
Good maintenance practices
© 2011 IBM Corporation

DB2 10: Customers seeing reduced costs, simplified workloads through proven technology
Reduced Costs
“Based on the performance metrics from our controlled test environment, we see a significant amount of CPU and Elapsed time savings. This release has many features that will help bring down our operating costs.”
Simplified Workloads
“With DB2 10 able to handle 5-10 times as many threads as the previous version, the upgrade will immediately give the bank some much-needed room for future workload growth while simultaneously reducing their data sharing overhead.”
Morgan Stanley DB2 Team
Paulo Sahadi - Senior Production Manager,
Information Management Division at Banco do Brasil
Proven Technology
“Every single SQL statement we have tested has been better or the same as our current optimal paths – we have yet to see any significant access path regression. We had to spend a lot of time tuning SQL with DB2 9, but we expect that to disappear when we upgrade to DB2 10.”
Philipp Nowak,
BMW DB2 Product Manager
“We are particularly interested in the performance improvements due to the potential CPU reductions that we realized during our DB2 10 Beta testing.
Our early testing has shown out-of-the-box processing cost reductions of between 5% - 10% and for some workloads as high as 30%. Potential cost savings of this magnitude cannot be ignored given today’s business climate.”
Large Global Bank
“We are really thrilled about “Temporal Data" feature – this feature has the potential to significantly reduce overheads. We have estimated that 80% of our existing temporal applications could have used
“the DB2 10 temporal features” instead of application code - this feature will drastically save developer time, testing time – and even more importantly make applications easier to understand so improve business efficiency and effectiveness."
Frank Petersen – System Programmer
Bankdata
The new audit capabilities in DB2 10 will allow tables to be audited as soon as they are created, which is an obvious benefit for the business and will reduce costs and simplify our processes”
Guenter Schinkel -Postbank Systems AG
For more customer references visit http://www.ibm.com/software/data/db2/zos/testimonials.html
12 © 2011 IBM Corporation

Processing Savings with DB2 10
 5 – 10% savings out of the box
 Distributed application access can save up to 20%
 Native SQL stored procedures can save up to 20%
 Complex queries will now result in savings of up to 20%
 Heavy insert activity can drive
10 – 40% savings
Consolidation savings with DB2 10
 Easier porting of applications to DB2 for z/OS
 Extensive SQL & XML support added throughout
13 © 2011 IBM Corporation

14
Base DB2 9 NFM REBIND with PLANMGMT(EXTENDED)
 DB2 9 NFM  DB2 10 CM without REBIND measured 3.7% CPU reduction from DB2 9
 DB2 10 CM REBIND getting same access path measured 7.4% CPU reduction from DB2 9
 DB2 10 NFM measured same 7.4% CPU reduction from DB2 9
 DB2 10 CM or NFM with RELEASE(DEALLOCATE) measured additional
10% CPU reduction from DB2 10 NFM RELEASE(COMMIT)
© 2011 IBM Corporation

Sample SAP ERP Measurement
■ Improved SQL runtime efficiency
■
Boosted SQL INSERT performance
■ Parallel I/O for index updates
■ Reduced latch contention
■
More efficient large bufferpools
12 CPUs
■ Inline LOBs to avoid LOB TS access
■
DFSORT performance improvement
■ APAR PM18196
4 CPUs
■ Extended zIIP exploitation
■ Prefetching of pages into buffer pools
■ Large portion of Runstats
2 CPUs
90%
95%
100%
105%
DB2 10
DB2 9
15
110%
115%
120%
© 2011 IBM Corporation

DB2 10 for z/OS now enables applications 5-10 times the number of users and activity on a single system
 Virtual storage improvements deliver 10 times more scalability
 Fewer DB2 members required - reducing complexity and improving application performance
Direct Row Access
 New Hash Access methodology eliminates multi-step indexing
 Significantly improves applications requiring single row access
• 30% to 50% improvement with Hash Access over Indexed data access
We expect to reduce our data sharing requirements by 25% , which means less system, storage and resource expenses
Banco do Brasil
Accounts
Accounts
© 2011 IBM Corporation 16

Today
Coupling Technology
DB2 10
Coupling Technology
LPAR1 LPAR2 LPAR3 LPAR1 LPAR2 LPAR3
DB2A
(500 thds)
DB2B
(500 thds)
DB2C
(500 thds)
DB2A
(2500 thds)
DB2B
(2500 thds)
DB2C
(2500 thds)
DB2D
(500 thds)
DB2E
(500 thds)
DB2F
(500 thds)

Data sharing and sysplex allows for efficient scale-out of DB2 images

Sometimes multiple DB2s per
LPAR
•
More threads per DB2 image
• More efficient use of large n-ways
• Easier growth, lower costs, easier management
• Data sharing and Parallel Sysplex still required for very high availability and scale
• Rule of thumb: save ½% CPU for each member reduced, more on memory
17 © 2011 IBM Corporation

 Other bottlenecks can emerge in extremely heavy workloads
– Reduced latch contention
• Improved efficiency for latch suspend/resume
– new option to for readers to avoid waiting for inserters
– eliminate UTSERIAL lock contention for utilities
– Use 64-bit common storage to avoid ECSA constraints
 DB2 10 NFM catalog restructure improves BIND /
Prepare concurrency
 SPT01 64GB constraint
 Improved accounting rollup, compress SMF option
– Reduced SMF data volume
 Lower overhead for very large buffer pools
18 © 2011 IBM Corporation

Accounts Table
Select Balance
From Accounts
WHERE acctID = 17
= Page in Bufferpool
= Page Read from Disk
 Hash Access provides the ability to directly locate a row in a table without having to use an index
 Single GETP/RELP in most cases
 1 Synch I/Os in common case
– 0 If In Memory Table
 Greatly reduced Search CPU expense
© 2011 IBM Corporation 19

 Integrated Bitemporal capabilities
– Query over any current, prior or future period in time
–System and User-maintained temporal tables
–SQL standards work in progress
What was the answer in the past?
Accounts
What is the answer now?
Accounts
What will the answer be in the future?
Accounts
“As much as 80% of our applications can use this, which will drastically save developer time and even more importantly make applications easier to understand to improve business efficiency and effectiveness”
20
The new temporal functionality in DB2 10 for z/OS will allow us to drastically simplify our data-related queries and reduce our processing cost by having DB2 handle data movement more efficiently than our custom code
Major
Insuran ce
Compa ny
© 2011 IBM Corporation

 Table-level specification to control data management based upon time
 Two notions of time:
– System time: notes the occurrence of a data base change
• “row xyz was deleted at 10:05 pm”
• Query at current or any prior period of time
• Useful for auditing, compliance
– Business time: notes the occurrence of a business event
• “customer xyz’s service contract was modified on March 23”
• Query at current or any prior/future period of time
• Useful for tracking of business events over time, application logic greatly simplified
 New syntax in FROM clause to specify a time criteria for selecting historical data
© 2011 IBM Corporation 21

 SQL compile time: Optimization techniques
– Remove parallelism restrictions; more even parallel distribution
– Scalability: memory and latching relief allow more parallel
– Optimization validation with Real Time Statistics
– In-memory techniques for faster query performance
– Multiple IN-List matching
– IN-List predicate transitive closure
 SQL runtime:
– RID overflow to workfile
• Mitigate increased workfile usage by increasing RID pool size
(default increased in DB2 10).
• MAXTEMPS_RID zparm for maximum WF usage for each RID list
– Sort performance enhancements
• Avoid workfile usage for small sorts
• Hash support for large sorts
© 2011 IBM Corporation 22

 pureXML enhancements
 Large object improvements
– Allow non-NULL default values for inline LOBs
– Loading and unloading tables with LOBs
• LOBs in input/output files with other non-LOB data
 SQL Enhancements
– Currently committed locking semantics
– Implicit casting or loose typing
– Timestamp with time zone
– Variable timestamp precision – seconds to picoseconds
– Moving Sum, Moving Average
– SQLPL performance improvements
– Extended indicator variables
– Row and column access control
23 © 2011 IBM Corporation


Protect sensitive data from privileged users & improve productivity
System
Administrator
Tasks
– SECADM & DBADM without data access
Database
Administrator
– Usability: DBADM for all DB
Tasks
– Revoke without cascade

Separate authorities to perform security related tasks, e.g. security administrator, EXPLAIN, performance monitoring and management

New audit policy controls, audit privileged users

Row and column access control
– Allow masking of value
Access
Audit
– Restrict user access to individual cells
24
Security
Administrator
Tasks
Monitor
© 2011 IBM Corporation

Continuous Availability: More Online Schema Changes
 ALTER TABLESPACE
– Page size (not XML) (BUFFERPOOL)
– DSSIZE
– SEGSIZE
– Table space type ALTER TABLESPACE … MAXPARTITIONS m
• Single table simple -> PBG (inherit MC)
• Single table segmented -> PBG
•
• Classic partitioned -> PBR (inherit MC)
PBG -> Hash
ALTER TABLESPACE … SEGSIZE s
– MEMBER CLUSTER
 ALTER INDEX ALTER TABLE … ADD ORGANIZE BY HASH
– Page size (BUFFERPOOL)
• In DB2 9 this was immediate with RBDP set
 Other schema change enhancements
– Table space no longer needs to be stopped to alter MAXROWS
– Object no longer needs to be stopped to alter BPOOL in data sharing
25 © 2011 IBM Corporation



– New MODIFY DDF ALIAS command

– LOCATIONS, IPNAMES, IPLIST

– New –SET LOG NEWLOG option

26 © 2011 IBM Corporation

 Changing business requirements
– BI/DW becoming mission critical and requires OLTP-like QoS
• reliability, continuous availability, security, mixed workload management, …
• orders of magnitude faster execution of complex, ad hoc queries
• predictable query performance
– Shift towards dynamic DW and operational BI
• Combining OLTP and OLAP workloads
 Traditional performance tuning tools of the trade such as indexing, pre-built aggregates and MQTs struggling to keep the pace
– Require top DBA expertise and sophisticated tools
– Even then not good enough due to ad-hoc, unpredictable nature of the workload
 Technology trends
– Very large number of processor sockets and cores
– Specialized query processing engines
– Appliances
27 © 2011 IBM Corporation

DB2 Components
Applications
Application Interfaces
(standard SQL dialects)
DB2
DBA Tools, z/OS Console, ...
Operation Interfaces
(e.g. DB2 Commands)
Data
Manager
Buffer
Manager
. . .
IRLM
Log
Manager
28 © 2011 IBM Corporation

IBM DB2 Analytics Accelerator as a Virtual DB2 Component
Applications
Application Interfaces
(standard SQL dialects)
DBA Tools, z/OS Console, ...
Operation Interfaces
(e.g. DB2 Commands)
DB2
Data
Manager
Buffer
Manager
. . .
IRLM
Log
Manager
IDAA
29 © 2011 IBM Corporation

Deep DB2 Integration
Applications
Application Interfaces
(standard SQL dialects)
DB2
DBA Tools, z/OS Console, ...
Operation Interfaces
(e.g. DB2 Commands)
Data
Manager
Buffer
Manager
. . .
IRLM
Log
Manager
IDAA
30
Superior availability reliability, security, workload management,
OLTP performance ...
z/OS on System z
10‘s of processors
100‘s GB of memory
Industry leading
DW performance, ease of use
Netezza
© 2011 IBM Corporation

The Best of Both Worlds
Data Mart Data Mart Data Mart Data Mart
Transaction Systems (OLTP)
Data Warehouse
Analytics
Data Mart Consolidation
Best in OLTP
Industry recognized leader in mission critical transaction systems
Best in Data Warehouse
Proven appliance leader in high speed analytic systems
System z
Recognized leader in mixed workloads with security, availability and recoverability for
OLTP
Netezza
Recognized leader in cost-effective high speed deep analytics
Best in Consolidation
Unprecedented mixed workload flexibility and virtualization providing the most options for cost effective consolidation
31 © 2011 IBM Corporation

Field Experiences
Acceleration
Sec(s)
10,000
9,000
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
Query 1 Query 2 Query 3 Query 4 Query 5
Query
DB2 Queries IDAA Queries
Query 6 Query 7 Query 8 Query 9
Total
Rows
Total
Rows
Query Reviewed Returned
Query 1 2,813,571 853,320
Query 2 2,813,571 585,780
Query 3 8,260,214 274
Query 4 2,813,571 601,197
Query 5 3,422,765 508
Query 6 4,290,648 165
Query 7 361,521
Query 8 3,425.29
Query 9 4,130,107
58,236
724
137
DB2 Only
DB2 with
IDAA
Hours Sec(s)
2:39 9,540
2:16 8,220
1:16 4,560
1:08 4,080
0:57 4,080
0:53 3,180
0:51 3,120
0:44 2,640
0:42 2,520
Hours Sec(s)
0.0
0.0
0.0
5
5
6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
5
70
6
4
2
193
Times
Faster
1,908
1,644
760
816
58
530
780
1,320
13
32 © 2011 IBM Corporation

 DB2 10
–
Customer Material www.ibm.com/software/data/db2/zos/db2-10/resources.html
–
DB2 10 e-kit www.ibm.com/marketing/edocument/swg/sp_db210_kit/document/
 SAP
–
Benchmark: www.ibm.com/solutions/sap/us/en/news/zenterprise_system_scales_best.html
 RFE (Request for Enhancement) database
– www.ibm.com/developerworks/rfe/
•
VISIT the DB2 Best Practices
•
JOIN the World of DB2 for z/OS
•
JOIN the DB2 for z/OS group
© 2011 IBM Corporation 33

34
 Modern User Interface and Form Factors
– Implemented using JavaScript for Web 2.0 in desktop
– Implemented using JavaScript in IBM Worklight for hybrid mobile application
© 2011 IBM Corporation

35
Data
Repository
© 2011 IBM Corporation


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



© 2011 IBM Corporation 36

– Embrace the flexibility and scalability of emerging NoSQL solutions
• Add JSON capabilities
• Ensure web scale application support
– But don’t compromise traditional enterprise grade qualities of service and unique
RDBMS capabilities
• Complex transactions
• Joins
• Temporal Data
• Geo-spatial data
• Atomicity, Consistency, Integrity, Durability
• Access control & security
• Referential Integrity
• Check constraints
• Scalability
• Robust monitoring
–
Keep it simple
37
• Programming API
– Simple API for simple JSON queries and updates
–
Extensions as needed for specialized functions
> - temporal data, geo-spatial, granular access
– Allow access to JSON data and relational tables in the same query
• Administration
–
Autonomic storage management
– Simple replication solutions
– Little friction for model and schema changes
– Keep it fast
© 2011 IBM Corporation