© 2003 ABB Power Technologies
1 - Network Management
Network Manager
Energy Management
Power System Control Objectives




Limits and constraints
Avoid disturbances
Fast detection
Rapid restoration
 Q = V and f
 Continuity of supply
 Customer service
Security
Quality
Safety
© ABB Power Technologies - 2
 Employee
 Public
 Environmental impact
Economy





Optimal Dispatching
Energy exchange-trading
Planning
Maintenance
Deferred investments
Basic EMS Grouping
© ABB Power Technologies - 3
Transmission
Production
Training
Overview of Power Application Functions
Training Simulator
Study Database
Power
Import/Export
Load
Forecast
Weather
Forecast
Network state
and
power flow
Production Planning
Functions
Warning and Alarm
Messages
Penalty Factors
© ABB Power Technologies - 4
Production Plan
Network Analysis
Functions
Production Control
Functions
Setpoint
Controls
Measurements
and
Indications
POWER SYSTEM
Network Manager - Network Applications
Monitoring
Status & Analog Retrieval(SAR) Bad Topology Detection (BTD)
Network Model Builder (NMB) Network Parameter Update (NPU)
Scheduler Function (SF)
Network Modeling Assistant (NMA)
State Estimation (SE)
Network Sensitivity (NS)
Decision Support
Interlocking with LF & SA
Analysis
Study Data Base
Dispatcher Power Flow (DPF) Network Save Cases
Security Analysis (SA)
Short Circuit Analysis (SCA)
© ABB Power Technologies - 5
Operations Enhancement
Optimal Power Flow (OPF)
Security Constrained Dispatch (SCD)
Voltage Stability Analysis (VSA)
Thermal Security Analysis (TSA)
Available Transmission Capacity (ATC=VSA+TSA)
Equipment Outage Scheduler (EOS)
EMS - Network Functions
SNP - Telemetry SNaPshot
Takes an instant copy of the actual power system telemetered
state i.e. breaker states and measured values.
SAR - Status and Analog Retrieval
Combines the telemetry snapshot data with retrieved from the schedules,
to obtain a consistent network state.
© ABB Power Technologies - 6
BTD - Bad Topology Detection
Checks switch position indications vs. measurements
in order to detect erroneous switch positions and checks
quality of measurement by power balance test.
NMB - Network Model Builder
Builds the bus/branch network model based on the actual retrieved network state.
EMS - Network Functions
BSK - Bus Scheduler
Calculates individual loads, dispatches generating units economically and
determines regulation constraints.
SE - State Estimator
Calculates the most probable state of the network.
© ABB Power Technologies - 7
NPU - Network Parameter Update
Updates the time-dependent adaptive scheduling parameters.
EMS - Network Functions
SCA - Short Circuit Analysis
Evaluates the effects of different types of short circuit faults at different
locations of the system.
© ABB Power Technologies - 8
DPF - Dispatcher Power Flow
Executes the power flow studies for analyzing the results
and provides a base case solution for other applications.
OPF - Optimal Power Flow
Solves power flow problems and schedules power system controls
to optimize some objective while ensuring that the system operating
constraints are not violated.
EMS - Network Functions
ISR - Interlock Status and Analog Retrieval
Merges the proposed action into a fresh copy of the current network solution
to obtain the resulting network configuration.
INMB - Interlock Network Model Builder
Evaluates the resulting network bus model according to switching actions
proposed and determines changes in the network and the equipment availability.
IDPF - Interlock Dispatcher Power Flow
Computes a power flow solution to obtain the simulated base case
while determining possible overloads and voltage violations.
© ABB Power Technologies - 9
ISA - Interlock Security Analysis
Evaluates the effects of outages in the simulated case and determines
which ones will become harmful.
ISCA - Interlock Short Circuit Analysis
Evaluates the magnitude of short circuit current in the simulated case and
determines if the switch-gear capacity is adequate to interrupt them.
EMS - Network Functions
NS
SNP
SCD
SE
SAR
SA
NMB
BSK
NPU
OPF
© ABB Power Technologies - 10
SCA
Interlock
Top seven EMS applications year end 2003
© ABB Power Technologies - 11
Top favourites in order of priority:

Operator’s load flow

State estimation

Network topology

Short circuit analysis

Contingency analysis

Load forecasting

Automatic generation control
(source Newton-Evans 2001-3)
© ABB Power Technologies - 12
Real Time Power Flow
© ABB Power Technologies - 13
STPF
Network Manager - EMS Value Presentation
 Value select
 Tabular displays
 Status lists
 Result summaries
© ABB Power Technologies - 14
 Event & alarm lists
State Estimator - Overview
Measure
-ments
U=R*I
.
.
.
.
.
.
Solution



Error
Bus/branc
h model




Physical laws
•
•
X
Voltages
& angles
V1,1,V2,2...Unn)
Input:
( )
30
50
( )
27.
126 kV
5
© ABB Power Technologies - 15
33.2
-
( )
30
50
48
( )
( )
61.6
19.4
( )
29.5
50
126 kV
0
2
8
.
6
( )
( )
29.5
50
28.4
48
SCADA measurements
( )
60
15
( )
60
15
( )
60
15
137 kV
-1.43
119 kV
-5.44
Output:
Complete &
consistent network
representation
State and flow variables
Security Analysis - Solution & Benefits
Case 1
G
L

L
P > Limit
V > Limit
© ABB Power Technologies - 16

Identifying bottle-necks

Adds confidence to the
operator

Improved reliability

Aid in maintenance
planning

Real time evaluatjion of
security
G
L
!
Benefits:

Overload

Voltage violation

Cascading
Short Circuit Analysis - Solution & Features
 Unbalanced faults (single-phase to ground, doublephase to ground, phase-to-phase)
 Balanced three-phase faults
G
L
L
L
G
 Three fault classes:
© ABB Power Technologies - 17
–

Bus short-circuit violations
& voltages in one-line diagrams
–

Sub transient currents
–
standard faults - bus faults
intermediate faults - along
lines
phase-open faults
Dispatcher Power Flow
P+jQ = ?
P+jQ = ?
G
G

Line 1
L
L

V
L
L
L
What if line 1 is
disconnected?
Consequences if a load is
increased?
P+jQ = ?
P+jQ = ?
© ABB Power Technologies - 18
Benefits:





Evaluation of operational situations
Identifying bottlenecks
Evaluation of security constraints
Operational and emergency training
Calculation of losses
Network Modeling Assistant - verification tests

Parameter test
© ABB Power Technologies - 19
Warning: SERIES_REACT in line
TROY400BLOD TIE has a value
that is out of range, it is 35.689999 and
it should be between 0.05 and 30.0

Complete model test

Topology test

Term test

Loose end test

Island test
Optimal Power Flow & SCD - Objectives & Benefits
Objectives:
 Cost minimization
 Loss minimization
 Security improvement
 Corrective rescheduling
 Control efficiency
Benefits:
P = 100 MW
V
P12 - P21 = 0.2 L
G
© ABB Power Technologies - 20
L
G
L
P12
P = 50 MW

Evaluate power system
performance

Reduce production costs

Security constrained EDC

Reduce transmission losses

Operation closer to network
limits

Improve security

Field proven
!
© ABB Power Technologies - 21
Equipment Outage Scheduler
Savings

Security Analysis:

Identify System Bottlenecks in Real-Time
- Indirect avoid 3-5 overload situations per year

State Estimator:

Reduced Field Maintenance or Telemetry
0,5 person year of maintenance cost
- More Accurate Penalty Factors
- 0,2% - 0,5 % of losses
© ABB Power Technologies - 22


Optimal Power Flow:

Loss Optimization / VAR Scheduling
3% - 5% of losses
Economical Justification - an example
Svenska Kraftnät (Sweden):
Grid Owner
Used functionality:
Optimal Power Flow
Transmission:
18 000 MW
Transmission Losses:
350 MW
© ABB Power Technologies - 23
Loss reduction:
5% --> 17,5 MW
Yearly savings:
$20 / Mwh
B8
125 456 678 345 567 678
B9
Station
A
C1
T1
C2
T2
B1
B2
B7
B3
B4
B5
B6
C7
--> ~3 MUSD
Economical Justification - an example
Cammesa (Argentina)
© ABB Power Technologies - 24
Transmission losses 3%
200 MW
Reduction of losses with 0.5%
35 MW
Yearly savings ( 0.02 $/KWh )
~6 MUSD
B8
125 456 678 345 567 678
B9
Station
A
C1
T1
C2
T2
B1
B2
B7
B3
B4
B5
B6
C7
Study Database for Training
Process
Real-Time Data Base
(RDB)
Operation
© ABB Power Technologies - 25
Study Data Base
(SDB)
Simulation
Study Data Base
(SDB)
Maintenance
Tractebel Engineering

Tractebel, Belgium




Project Benefits:



© ABB Power Technologies - 26
EMS supplier with proven EMS
End user Electrabel
Control System


is owned by Suez, Fr
produces 50GW, where 30GW in Europe
owns power resources all over the world
in full operation by 2003
ABB Supply

Energy Management System
TransGrid, Australia – Transmission Network
Sydney

TransGrid is responsible for the New South Wales
main grid 500/130 kV

ABB supply

© ABB Power Technologies - 27


8 Control Centers incl. emergency control center

Energy Management System including a Data
Warehouse & a full scope of EMS functions

Inter-company communication
Customer benefits

Improved supervision and control

Improved disturbance analysis
In Operation 2000
ADWEA, Abu Dhabi

ADWEA – Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority

Four Control Centers





© ABB Power Technologies - 28


National Control Center for HV network
Two Regional SCADA for the electrical network
One SCADA for water distribution in Abu Dhabi
107 RTUs in substations
ABB supply

Energy Management System

Turn-key delivery
Benefits

Improved overall remote monitoring and control

Detection of outages reduce customer interruptions

Optimum Co-Generation of electricity and
desalinated water
In Operation 2000/2001
Sydkraft Nat, Sweden

Sydkraft Nat is a large distributor

Network - 130 kV to end consumers
 600,000 customers

ABB supply

Distribution Management System
 Replacing 19 existing SCADA systems


Customer benefits



© ABB Power Technologies - 29





Utilizing existing databases
Flexible system operation – day/night time
Improved network monitoring and control
Seamless outage management
Easy to use switch order management
Historical information for network
Network information system for assets
Interface to enterprise SAP R/3
In Operation 2004
MEW, Oman
Power
System
Voltage Levels: 132/220 kV
Total no of information points:
SCADA applications,
50 000
e.g:
Authority Assignment
Sequential Control
Utility
Data Warehouse
EMS applications, e.g:
Client/Server
7
configuration
ES40 servers; redundancy
Graphical
User Interface
7
FG workstations; 3 CRTs
5 Office workstations
Large overview screen, 3x4 meters
© ABB Power Technologies - 30
Communication
System
Optical
Fiber; 38 kbps redundancy
PLC; 1200 bps
RTU
Communication
IEC
870-5-101
32 RTU560
7 Substation Automation Systems
1 existing GE Harris
Load Frequency Control
Economic Dispatch Calculations
Load Forecasting
Reactive Power Scheduling (Optimal Power Flow)
Network Analysis (Topology and State Estimation)
Security Assessment
Short Circuit Analysis
Bus Load Forecast
Operator
Training Simulator
SONELGAZ, Société Nationale d’Eléctricité et de Gaz, Algeria
Sonelgaz - ”Renouvellment des Dispatchings”

Objectives
 To improve
 Establish 5

efficiency of national power supply
new load dispatch centers and IT-systems
Benefits
 Matching national energy supply
 Improved monitoring and control
with demand
of
power generation and transmission network
 Cost savings in network operation
© ABB Power Technologies - 31

Project





National Control Center and an emergency NCC
4 Regional Control Centers
Control Center Buildings
Master Stations and RTUs
Training
 5 year support contract
 6 SPIDER™ EMS
 In operation beginning of 2004
Sonelgaz EMS Configuration
CNC
National CC


CNCR
Emergency

CRC
Oran Region
CRC
Alger Region

© ABB Power Technologies - 32
13 operator workstations per region;
3 remote
Communications

PCU400 servers for RTU communication
IEC870-5-101
HNZ
 IEC 870-6 TASE.2/ICCP
CRC
Setif Region
CRC
(Future)
8 Application servers for each region;
Redundancy
User Interfaces

CRC
Annaba Region
CRC (existing)
Sud Region
Six Client/Server configurations

RTUs

47 RTU560
 200 existing ECP85 (Alstom)
Sonelgaz EMS

SCADA Functions; e.g.
Inter-Center Communication
Dynamic Network Coloring
Disturbance Data Collection;
Sequence of Events
Utility Data Warehouse
 Generation Scheduling and Control

CNCR
Emergency
Load Forecasting
Thermal Unit Commitment
Interchange Scheduling
Transaction Evaluation
Automatic Generation Control
Production Costing
Generation Reserve Calculation
CNC
National CC
CRC
Oran Region
© ABB Power Technologies - 33
CRC
Alger Region

Network Analysis
Network Topology Calculation
State Estimation
Dispatcher Power Flow
Short Circuit Analysis
Security Analysis
CRC
Annaba Region
CRC
Setif Region
CRC (existing)
Sud Region

CRC
(Future)

Network Optimization
Optimal
Power Flow
Operator Training Simulator
ABB GMS&EMS Control Centers for Italy

ENEL invests in upgrade of its control
center structure

New SPIDER Control Centers
ISO - National Control Center
3 Regional Control Centers
3 Generation Mgmt Systems

22 Communication nodes, SPIDER

Upgrading of 245 new RTU 560,
in 400/220 kV S/S

Communication with 200 existing RTUs

Communication with ETrans, Laufenburg
CCI Venezia
CCI Torino
© ABB Power Technologies - 34
CCI Napoli
Terna (ENEL), Italy

Reason for CC upgrades





ABB supply





© ABB Power Technologies - 35

TSO - National Control Center
3 Regional Control Centers
3 Generation Mgmt Systems for GENCOs
22 Communication Nodes
245 new and 200 existing RTUs
Customer Benefits






Inflexible existing architecture
Obsolence/Saturation of computer platforms
New electricity liberalised market requirements
Difficult communication with the external world
Security and economy of operation
Consolidation of control centers
Improvement of performance/cost
Independence of electric market model
One single “network” structure for any present
and future application
In Operation 2001
Statnett - Control Center Project
RCC N (Alta)
RCC M (Sunndalsöra)
Statnett is TSO for main grid in Norway
 Building of new Control Centers
 National Control Center
 3 Regional Control Centers
 Control of 110 RTUs, in 400/220 kV S/S
 Communication with 54 Control Centers
 Handling of 105 000 data points
 Contract value 15 MUSD
© ABB Power Technologies - 36

RCC S (Oslo)
NCC (Oslo)
Statnett - System Configuration
Multi-site Control Centers
C1
B8
C1
T1
125 456 678 345 567 678
B9
Station
A
T2
B1
C2
B2
B7
B3
B4
B5
B6
C7
125 456 678
125 456 678
1252
123
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
RCC M
123
123
123
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
125 456 678 345 567 678
B8
B9
T1
Station
A
T2
B1
B3
B4
B2
B5
B6
C2
125 456 678
125 456 678
B7
C7
1252
123
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
RCC N
25,000 points
123
123
123
123
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
123
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
20,000 points
ELCOM
RCS
...
WAN
30 RTUs
ELCOM
Statnetts own Wide Area Network
WAN
15 Control
Centers
WAN
...
WAN
5 Control
Centers
31 RTUs
T1
Station
A
T2
B2
B1
B3
B4
B5
B6
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678 345 567 678
B9
B8
C1
C2
B7
125 456 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
C7
1252
123
123
123
123
C1
123
B9
Station
AT2
C2
B2
B7
B4
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
B5
B6
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678 345 567 678
B8
T1
B1
B3
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
C7
125 456 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
1252
123
123
123
123
123
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
105,000 points
© ABB Power Technologies - 37
RCS
NCC
ELCOM
ELCOM
WAN
WAN
4 Control
Centers
60,000 points
RCC S
30 Control
Centers
RCS
...
WAN
46 RTUs
Statnett - EMS Applications
Generation Control &
Scheduling
Load
Frequency Control
ACE
HVDC
Calculation
Set-point Control
Manual
/ Scheduled
Scheduling
HVDC Set-point Scheduling
Interface to Power Plant Control
© ABB Power Technologies - 38
Real -Time & Study
Network Analysis
Systems
Daily Accepted non-metered
Interconnect Schedules
Daily Accepted Load Forecasts
Equipment Outage Scheduling









Network Model Builder
State Estimator
Dispatcher Power Flow
Contingency Analysis
Reactive Control
Optimal Power Flow
Security Constrained Control
Voltage Collapse Analysis
Short Circuit Analysis
Voltage Stability Analysis

Provides PTC transfer
limits (maximum MW
capacity) - in the current
topology and with the
worst contingency!

On-line contingency
list from SA used

Voltage Limits
monitoring in the key
station for each PTC
© ABB Power Technologies - 39

Binary search to
identify point of voltage
collapse (when the load
flow diverges)
Base Case
SA Contingencies
VCA List
Monitoring Bus
Voltage Limits
Voltage
Collapse
Analysis
PTC Limits
© ABB Power Technologies - 40
Voltage Stability Analysis
Thermal Security Analysis

Provides PTC transfer limits (maximum MW capacity) in the
current topology, calculated for the selected PTCs

Individual branch limits in the PTC not exceeded at the
event of “n-1” contingencies

PTCs to be analyzed specified in the PTC list

Overload-Initiated Protection Schemes
© ABB Power Technologies - 41
SE Solution
DPF Solution
PTC List
Other input parameters
Thermal
Security
Analysis
PTC Limits
Available Transmission Capacity

Calculates power transfer through the selected PTCs in the
current topology

Compares with the available (maximum) power transfer

Provides the spare capacity to increase the power transfer
through the selected PTCs
 ATC
© ABB Power Technologies - 42

= TSA + VSA
Optionally, can use Operator Defined Limits (ODLs)
Statnett - EMS HV Network Applications
Network Analysis






Real-time / Study mode functions
PTC limit calculations / Bottleneck costs
Automatic Generation Tripping Schemes
Automatic Breaker-triggered Generation Tripping Schemes
Automatic Grid-Splitting Schemes
Fault Current Compensation in 132 kV Network via Petersen coils
© ABB Power Technologies - 43
Additional application functions
 Power transfer corridors
 Automatic disconnection of generation units (PFK)
 Graphic displays
 Load shedding (BFK)
Statnett - Operational Information System
OIS functions:

Personnel and personnel schedule information

Working orders

Scheduled maintenance


Switching agreements
Static information displays
Vedlikeholdsplaner: Region Syd
Region/OmrådeRegion Syd
Type Alle
Stasjon/Linje
Spenning 300kv
1996 27
Anl.Del Årsak
Nr Stasjon/Linje
96S432-1Hasle
96S530-2Flesaker
96S532-1Lysebotn
96S541-1Rendalen
© ABB Power Technologies - 44
Alle
10 G2
G1
F1
G3
1
8
Skala
28
15
Juli
29
22
30
29
Uker
31
32
5
33
12
August
Ombygging I Gang
Årlig RevisjonUtsatt
Mekanisk
OK Reg.
Utskifting
OK Land
Lukk Detaljplan
OIS Maintenance Plans
Status
Status Alle
Ny plan
Utskrifter
Hjelp
Statnett - Development System
RCC S
RCC M
Data maintenance/
Picture
EMS/SCADA
Test system
maintenance
B8
C1
T1
B1
B9
Station
A
C2
T2
B2 B7
B3 B4 B5 B6
C7
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
B9
B8
A
C1 T1 Station
C2
T2
B1
B2 B7
C7
B3 B4 B5 B6
Data maintenance/
Picture
EMS/SCADA
Test system
maintenance
125 456 678 345 567 678
B8
125 456 678
125 456 678
C1
T1
B1
B9
Station
A
C2
T2
B2 B7
B3 B4 B5 B6
Picture-database
RCC N
C7
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
B9
B8
A
C1 T1 Station
C2
T2
B1
B2 B7
C7
B3 B4 B5 B6
Data maintenance/
Picture
EMS/SCADA
Test system
maintenance
125 456 678 345 567 678
B8
125 456 678
125 456 678
C1
T1
B1
B9
Station
A
C2
T2
B2 B7
B3 B4 B5 B6
C7
Picture-database
B9
B8
A
C1 T1 Station
C2
T2
B1
B2 B7
C7
B3 B4 B5 B6
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
Picture-database
Statnett Internal WAN
NCC
© ABB Power Technologies - 45
Global Maintenance
Database (ORACLE)
Common
Picture Database
Data maintenance/
Picture
maintenance EMS/SCADA Test system
B9
B8
A
C1 T1 Station
T2
B1
B2
B3 B4 B5 B6
125 456 678 345 567 678
C2
125 456 678
B7
C7
125 456 678
B8
C1
T1
B1
B9
Station
A
C2
T2
B2 B7
B3 B4 B5 B6
Picture-database
C7
125 456 678 345 567 678
125 456 678
125 456 678
Statnett - Development System Functionality

Geographically distributed Data Engineering


© ABB Power Technologies - 46

Centralized Repository Server in NCC
Work Flow Manager

SCADA EMS Data Management

SPL code management

Picture management

Documentation Management System

Incremental Database update
Repository Server including SPICM Code Management
System
Statnett - Development System Functionality

Tests are performed in DS SPIDER

Separate RCS for local testing

Process data updates in DS from real-time system

Pictures can be linked in online server

Separate ELCOM s/w server
© ABB Power Technologies - 47

No need to disconnect/connect ELCOM partners at
EMS/SCADA switch-over
EMS Benefits

Optimum allocation of generation resources, incl. reserves

Optimum transmission network utilization

Identification of transmission bottlenecks & transfer capacity

Maximization of security; reduced black-out probability

Improved quality of supply
© ABB Power Technologies - 48
Architecture features
 Complete set of EMS-modules
Network Manager The best choice for
scheduling, monitoring
and control of energy
systems:
Generation systems
HV networks
adaptable to any need
 Leading edge technology & algorithms
 Operator oriented
operator guidance
 Peak performance
 Field proven
 ABB knowledge & experience
SIMPOW – Power System Simulation Software
Main functions:

Load Flow

Fault Analysis

Stability Analysis incl.
- Transient Stability
- Voltage Stability
- Load Shedding
- etc.

Resonance Freq.
Analysis

Harmonics Analysis
© ABB Power Technologies - 50
Models:

Standard Library

Dynamic Simulation
Language for user
defined models of:
- regulators
- primary components
© ABB Power Technologies - 51
Dynamic Security Assessment

Analyze the angle stability of the current state of the power system
with respect to a large number of single or multiple contingencies.

Minimum every 15 – 30 min.

The methodology is to quickly screen the large set of contingencies,
and select a small subset of the potentially most harmful ones for a
full time domain simulation.

Ranks the contingencies how they perform relative to each other.

Multiple indices used to prevent incorrect classification of harmful
contingencies.

A full (approx. 10 s.) time domain simulation is only performed for
the contingencies found to be potentially most harmful.

Early termination of a full time domain simulation further improves
the speed of the DSA.
© ABB Power Technologies - 52
Methodology

A method is used that is similar to the one used by ABB in steady
state contingency analysis.

Define a set of single and/or multiple contingencies, including fault,
fault clearance and fault clearing time.

Do a very short time domain simulation for each contingency.
Capture contingency ranking indices.

Rank contingencies based on the captured indices

Perform a full simulation for the potentially most harmful, find
contingencies that causes instability.

Early termination of a full time domain simulation further improves
the speed of the DSA.

Ranks the contingencies how they perform relative to each other.
DSA results
Contingency ranking
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Full simulation results
0
CTG 1
CTG 30
CTG 2
CTG 22
CTG 11
CTG 10
CTG 5
Contingency name
CTG 25
CTG 27
CTG 20
CTG 7
Contingencies not reaching 10 s. simulation time are unstable
Total relative severity example
CTG 1
CTG 30
CTG 2
Contingency names
© ABB Power Technologies - 53
CTG 22
CTG 11
CTG 10
CTG 5
CTG 25
CTG 27
CTG 20
CTG 7
0
2
4
6
Duration
8
10
12
© ABB Power Technologies - 54
RTSE
© ABB Power Technologies - 55
RTPF
© ABB Power Technologies - 56
STSE
NMA verification tests

Parameter test
© ABB Power Technologies - 57
Warning: SERIES_REACT in line TROY400BLOD TIE has a value that is out of
range, it is 35.689999 and it should be between 0.05 and 30.0

Complete model test

Topology test

Term test

Loose end test

Island test
© ABB Power Technologies - 58
NMA
© ABB Power Technologies - 59
NMA
Study Database for Training
RDB
Save Case
© ABB Power Technologies - 60
Study Data Base
(SDB)
Save Case
Application
Programs