PHIL AND SOPHIE PRESENT
The Philosophy review quiz show
AUTONOMY
The freedom of being able to decide for oneself by using one’s own rationality
PLATO NOT PLUTO……
______________ myth of the cave can be found in his work entitled
_________________
The Republic
WHO STATED……
“Humanity came into being and exists in order to contemplate the principle of the
nature of the whole. The Function of wisdom is to gain possession of this very
thing….” ?
Perctione
EPISTEMOLOGY
“Literally means, “the study of knowledge”
GAIL STENSTAD
She argues that men approach knowledge assuming there is only one truth or correct
theory. She calls this theoretical thinking.
What does she call female thinking?
Anarchic
DETERMINISM
The theory that states, “All things and all human beings are unfree.”
PAUL HENRI D’HOLBACH
Who wrote in the 18th century: “In whatever manner man is considered, he is
connected to universal nature, and submitted to the necessary and immutable
laws that she imposes on all beings….He is without his own consent…In short, the
actions of man are never free;
Harry Browne not Charlie Brown
“Everyone is selfish….” was
stated by a good friend of
mine…….
SOCRATES
“The unexamined life is not worth living”
METAPHYSICS
The study of the nature of reality
Metaphysics
A Hindu word meaning non-violence……
Ahimsa
The feminist philosopher ______________, has pointed out that most philosophers
use an “adversarial method” of inquiry.
JANICE MOULTON
She stated that the equation of maleness with superiority goes
back at least as far as the Pythagoreans…the denigration of
the “feminine” is to feminists….the most salient aspect of
the maleness of the philosophical tradition.”
GENEVIEVE LLOYD
PARMENIDES
The ancient Greek philosopher who held that change is an illusion. He believed the universe
in reality is a frozen, unchanging object.
ZENO
HE stated, “a runner cannot move from one point to another. For to do so, he must
first get to a point half-way to the half-way point…and so on for an infinite number
of spaces.” He therefore stated, no object moves.
MATERIALISM
The metaphysical position that reality is ultimately composed of matter.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WAS NOT A
MATERIALIST?
Hobbes
Julien Offroy de La Mettrie
Berkeley
Laplace
Philosophy comes from two Greek words meaning…….
Love and wisdom
This man came up with “Logotherapy” and was a
Great believer in free choice……
Victor Frankl
HE thought of reality as a continuum with human beings somewhere in the middle.
AUGUSTINE
SUBJECTIVE IDEALISM
Is the position that the world consists of my own mind and things that are dependent
on it.
PHENOMENOLOGY
Is the study of what appears to consciousness……..
WHICH ONE OF THESE GUYS DOES NOT BELONG?
Husserl
Why?
Heidegger
Merleau-Ponty
Sartre
He was not a phenomenologist but an existentialist.
WHICH IS TRUE ABOUT THE LIBERTARIAN VIEW?
Human beings are not personally responsible for what they do
Freedom and causal determinism are both true
Actions by people are not causally determined by previous events and the laws of
nature.
When I say bracketing you should automatically think of…….
HUSSERL
“IF NO ONE ASKS ME, I KNOW WHAT TIME IS; IF
SOMEONE ASKS AND I WANT TO EXPLAIN IT, I DO
NOT KNOW”
Augustine
IDEALISM
“Construes the self as part of a cosmic mind, spirit, idea, or life force.”
For the _______________ the self is pure being.
For the ________________ the self is whatever we choose to make it.
Phenomenologist
Existentialist
HE BELIEVED…….
Quarrels are caused predominantly by
A) competition
B) diffidence
C) glory
Hobbes
TOMMY HOBBES COMPARED THIS TO…
Government
When I say “Esse est percipi” you should think of……
BERKELEY
Berkeley
ESSE EST PERCIPI MEANS
“To exist is to be perceived”
He was first to present the Ontological Argument in a formal, self-conscious manner.
ST. ANSELM
Everything is God and God is everything…..
PANTHEISM
HE OffErED fivE wAys tO prOvE tHE ExistEnCE Of GOD………
AQUINAS
AQUINAS’ PROOFS DO NOT INCLUDE AN ARGUMENT
FROM…..
Motion
Causality
Conceivability
Imperfection
Order
For Aquinas, positive knowledge of God can be gained by…….
ANALOGY
HE inferred his existence from his cognitive experience……..hint…not any of these
guys….
DESCARTES
Many of Conway’s ideas were “borrowed” by ……….
LEIBNITZ
Knowledge known independently of sense experience is
A PRIORI
The British Empiricists were
Berkeley
Locke
Hume
I say blank slate…..you should automatically think…….
Locke
A position that only I exist and that everything else is just a creation of my subjective
consciousness.
SOLIPSISM
According to Hume the pain you feel when you hit your thumb is
IMPRESSION
According to _____________ is the great guide of human life….
CUSTOM
OBJECTIVE TRUTH THEORY
Correspondence
Coherence
Pragmatic
LOCKE WAS A PROPONENT OF WHICH THEORY
Correspondence
Coherence
Pragmatic
THIS GUY IS KNOWN FOR
Utilitarianism
I SPENT MY LIFE STUDYING THE STAGES OF MORAL
DEVELOPMENT……
Kohlberg
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT
___________________ argued that “women who acquiesce to their morally inferior
condition are blameworthy”.
BUDDHISM STATES PHILOSOPHICAL WISDOM
WILL FREE US FROM…..
Samsara or the never ending cycle of reincarnation
AQUINAS
According to __________ a path that requires us to remove certain ideas from our
concept of God is called……
Via negativa
“I THINK THEREFORE I AM”……
Rene Descartes
DESCARTES (UNE AUTRE FOIS)
From the fact that he could conceive of the nonexistence ot his body without thereby
conceiving of the nonexistence of his mind, _________________ concluded mind
and body are distinct entities…..
WILLIAM PALEY
______________________ example of finding a watch in the heath is used to illustrate
the __________________ argument.
The Design Argument
____________ IS THE BELIEF THAT THERE IS
ONLY ONE GOD
Monotheism
COSMOLOGICAL
The _________________ argument argues that since an infinite causal chain is
impossible, God must be an uncaused cause.
PRIMARY
According to __________________, a computer has certain qualities whether we
perceive it or not, that he called………
WARRANTED, TRUE BELIEF
Gettier examples show knowledge is something more than
THE GREATEST BEING IMAGINABLE
By God, Anselm meant…..
HERACLITUS
Ancient Greek philosopher who proposed that change is the fundamental reality…..
THALES
Greek philosopher who believed everything is composed of water…….
THALES…..AGAIN…..THUS THE SWIMMING
REFERENCE….GET IT?
HE is usually considered the first Western philosopher……..
PLATO
_____________________ was Socrates disciple……
NIETZSCHE
“God is Dead”………..
CONWAY
According to __________, since God is purely spiritual, all things created by God have
spirit……..
COHERENCE THEORY OF TRUTH
Blanshard was a proponent of the ___________________
IMAGINATION, MEMORY
For Hobbes, decaying sense can be either _____________________ or
___________________
VOLTAIRE
He wrote Candide……..
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A
CONSEQUENTIALIST THEORY?
a) Egoism
b) Ethical absolutism
c) The categorical imperative theory
d) The prima facie theory
e) The divine command theory
ETHICS AND ANTHROPOLOGY
The difference between _______________ and _________________ is that the one
tries to discover what people should do, while the other is descriptive
experimental.
HEDONISM
According to ____________________, pleasure is the only intrinsic value.
According to Kant, nothing is good without
qualification except……
A good will
EMPIRICISM
Is the belief that all knowledge about the world comes from or is based on the senses
ACCORDING TO LOCKE, WHICH OF THE
FOLLOWING ARE NOT PRIMARY QUALITIES?
a) Size
b) Shape
c) Colour
d) Texture
e) Weight
f)
smell
A DIVINE MIND (GOD)
To explain the regularity in experience, Berkeley posits……..
THE GREAT SKEPTIC……
How do you know you are
really here? How do you
know my accent is fake?
What do mean I look like
Elmer Fudd?....
Hume
ACCORDING TO HUME THE MIND CONTAINS
TWO THINGS…..
1.Ideas
2.Impressions
WHAT DO THESE TWO GUYS HAVE IN COMMON
WHEN DEALING WITH THE TRUTH?
Both proponents of the Pragmatic Theory
William James
Richard Rorty
COHERENCE
According to the __________________ theory, truth is a property of a related group of
constituent statements.
BRAND BLANSHARD
According to ______________________
organic bodies have a higher degree of
coherence than a junk heap and a stone
pile.
The self is a bundle of
perceptions.
A POSTERIORI
According to Kant, ___________________ statements are neither necessary nor
universal.
Kant credited _______________________ with having awakened him from his
dogmatic slumbers.
YES, THAT IS RIGHT….HIM AGAIN OR SHOULD I
SAY HUME AGAIN
SYNTHETIC
According to Kant, _____________________ statements are ones that give us genuine
information about the world around us.
ANALYTIC
According to Kant, ______________________ statements are ones that can be
established by sense experience.
MORALITY
For Kant, _______________ forces us to
assume the existence of God.
HEDONISM
Epicurus is known for his……….
MANNY KANT
Is known for his categorical imperative
ARISTOTLE
According to ___________________virtue is the ability to be reasonable in our
actions, emotions and desires.
VIRTUE
rule
According to some female philosophers, female morality is __________________
based and male morality is _______________ based
Madman
I used a _______________ to
say God is Dead.
God izt Dead!!!
MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT SAID WOMEN ARE
TAUGHT TO DESIRE ______________ RATHER
THAN RESPECT.
Love
UTILITARIANISM
What kind of “Ethical” theory does an atheist typically develop?
SOCRATES
Who is often called the “father of philosophy”……..
PANTHEISM AND THEISM
Panentheism tries to merge
OOPS, SORRY…..JUST SNUCK IN…..
CONWAY
_____________________ holds that after death God’s justice requires transmigration
of spirits.
MASTER MORALITY
According to Nietzsche, a _____________________ will value strength, intelligence,
courage, revenge and power.
Who stole this idea for his “power play”?
WHO SAID….?
Moral development for a woman is marked by progress toward more adequate ways
of caring for herself and others.
No, but close…..sort of…..
Carol Gilligan
AQUINAS
Who came up with the theory of Double Effect?
Do you like my hat……bought it at
the Gap.
PHENOMENOLOGY OF PERCEPTION WAS
WRITTEN BY….
a) Merleau-Ponty
b) Kierkegaard
c) Sartre
d) De Beauvoir
He wrote “A Theory of Justice” where he presents a “brilliant argument in suppot of
contemporary liberalism”
JOHN RAWLS
Born in Ninewells, he wrote “A Treatise of Human Nature”
Um, no, not who I had in mind
Hume
The idea that ideas existed in an objective state (known as Objective Idealism) is
originally associated with……
No, but close….sort of…..
Plato
MUSLIMS TRADITIONALLY BELIEVE IN KISMET
Kismet means fate. In Philosophy terms that would be
called ………..
TIME………
____________________ stated that it makes sense to think of time as a fixed series
of moments.
McTaggert
French Philosopher, Henri Bergson argued that time is ________________, that it is
forever moving from past to present to future…..
Subject ive
THE FATHER OF COMMUNISM….
nope
nope
Nope but you have the right family name….
THIS PICTURE SORT OF FITS WITH…
a)Berkeley
b)Hobbes
c)Sartre
d)Frankl
HE WROTE SUMMA THEOLOGICA AND SUMMA
CONTRA GENTILES…….
I think we should tell him to
put his hat back on…..
WHAT HAS THIS GOT TO DO WITH GOD?
Design argument and William Paley
THIS IS ERNEST NAGEL….HE IS….
An Atheist
ANTIREALISM
The doctrine that the objects of our senses do not exist independently of our
perceptions, beliefs, concepts and language
AYER IS THE BIG NAME WHEN SPEAKING OF
a. Antirealism
b. Pragmatism
c. Logical Positivism
WHOSE THOUGHTS ON EUTHANASIA ARE
THESE?
1. it is against Nature
2. It is against Self Interest
mistaken diagnosis
chance of cure
pessimism- self defeating
3. Practical Effects
a. Dr's and RN's are committed to saving lives. They would be corrupted to think that there
are occasions when the person (Patient) is better off dead.
b. Slippery Slope!!from Self Administered to Other Administered
from Voluntary to non-voluntary
from for the benefit of the person to the benefit of others, society, humankind
J. Gay-Williams
HOBBES
Who said people are all in a war against all?
I want to make this perfectly
clear, I have nothing to do with
Quaker Oats…..
WHO SAID…..
“Each of us places in common his person
and all his power under the supreme
direction of the general will; and as one
body we all receive each member as an
indivisible part of the whole.”
Jean-Jacques Rousseau