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Curriculum vitae
Name:
Title:
Born:
E-mail:
Home page:
Present position:
Education:
Bjørn Erik Christensen
Professor, Dr.philos.
1954
B.Christensen (at) biotech.ntnu.no
http://www.biotech.ntnu.no/nobipol/BEC_homepage.php
Professor, Department of Biotechnology, NTNU
Cand.real. (Univ. Trondheim, 1981). Dr.philos. (NTNU), 1996. Thesis:
"Conformation-stability relationships in xanthan gum".
EDUCATION/QUALIFICATIONS
Cand. real.
University of Trondheim, 1981. Thesis: "Isolering og karakterisering av
mucin i sputum fra pasienter med kronisk bronkitt" (Isolation and
characterisation of mucin in sputum from patients with chronic bronchitis)
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 1996. Thesis
"Conformation-stability relationships in xanthan gum".
Dr. philos.
POSITIONS:
1979-1980
Research
scientist
Institute of marine biochemistry, University of Trondheim, Norwegian
Institute of Technology (NTH), 1979-1980 (5 months).
1981-1988
Research
scientist
Visiting research
scientist
Consultant
Institute of marine biochemistry, University of Trondheim, Norwegian
Institute of Technology (NTH), July 1981-December 1988.
Institute for Biological and Chemical Process Analysis, Montana
State University, USA. Jan. - Des. 1985
SINTEF Applied Chemistry (Polymer group) 1987-1988.
1989present
Research coordinator/Group
leader
NOBIPOL (Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory):
http://www.biotech.ntnu.no/nobipol/
(A multidisciplinary research group at NTNU)
1989-2001
Norwegian Institute of Technology, 1989-2001.
1997-2002
Senior research
scientist
Professor (20%)
1998-2001
Adj. Professor
2002present
Professor
2005-2009
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Adj. Professor in biotechnology (Dept. of biotechnology) from 1 July
1998 - 31 Des. 2001
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Professor
in biotechnology from 1 January 2002.
Research co-ordinator NOBIPOL (continued)
Department of Biotechnology, NTNU
Vice-head of
Department
Chairman
Nanotechnology Programme Council, NTNU
Visiting professor Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
1985
1997-1998
2007-2009
2009
(autumn)
Østfold College (ʻHøgskolen i Østfold, Avd. for real- og ingeniørfag).
Jan. 1997 - Oct. 2002.
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2010
(spring)
Visiting professor CEMRMAV, CNRS, Grenoble, France
MEMBERSHIPS IN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES AND ORGANIZATIONS:
Norwegian Chemical Society (NKS) - member
Norwegian Chemical Society (NKS) - Section for Colloid and Macromolecular Chemistry: Chair 19841985, 1992-1993. 1997-99, 2006-2009, Vice-chair: 2003-2004, Secretary, 1998-1999, Member of the
board, 1982-1983.
Norwegian Biochemical Society (NBS) - member
American Chemical Society (ACS) – member
European Science Foundation, The Euroglycoscience Forum (EUROGLYCOFORUM): Norwegian
representative
CONFERENCES (Member of organizing committee or advisory boards):
1. "The use of oil recovery in oil recovery" NKS-seminar Trondheim 15 Jan. 1985. Chairman of
the organizing committee
2. "Biofilm and biocorrosion". International symposium (Norwegian Biochemical Soc. and the
Norwegian Corrosion Soc.), Trondheim, 13-14 January 1988. Chairman of the organizing
committee
3. "Microbial adhesion and biofilms". International seminar with 12 invited experts in fields
related to biofilms, Synertech Group, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 5-6 October
1987. Invited participant.
4. "Dahlem conference on the structure and function of biofilms", International workshop with 48
invited experts in fields related to biofilms, Berlin, Germany, 27 November - 2 December
1988. Invited participant, co-author of group report (Proceedings)
5. "First advanced course on alginates and their applications", Trondheim 2-5 June 1991.
Member of the advisory board.
6. "Nordic Polymer Days 1992" (NKS symposium), Trondheim, 22-24 June, 1992, Chairman of
the organizing committee.
7. "The first international conference on polysaccharide engineering", Trondheim, 6-8 June,
1994. Member of the organizing committee.
8. International symposium on marine and microbial polysaccharides, Trondheim, Nov. 96.
Member of the organizing committee.
9. “Norsk Polymer- og Kolloidvitenskapelig vårmøte 1998, 1999, 2002, 2007 Wadahl. Member of
the organizing committee.
th
10. 24 International Carbohydrate Symposium, Oslo, July 2008. Member of organising
committee. Chairman of scientific committee.
11. KIFEE Symposia on Environment, Energy, Materials and Education (2005-2011): Organizing
committee (Advanced Biological Materials sessions)
MEMBER OF EDITORIAL BOARD
Carbohydrate Polymers (Elsevier)
Carbohydrate Research (Elsevier)
Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry
REVIEWER OF SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS
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Macromolecules
Biopolymers
Carbohydrate Research
Int. J. Chem. Kinetics
Biotechnol. Bioeng.
Colloids and Surfaces
Anal. Chim. Acta
Biomacromolecules
Journal of Chromatography A.
Carbohydrate Polymers
J. Food Chem.
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
J. Applied Polymer Science
SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS
Articles marked (*) have not been subject to scientific peer review.
Articles marked (inv) are invited contributions.
1
Christensen, B.E., J. Kjosbakken and O. Smidsrød (1985) Partial chemical and physical
characterization of two extracellular polysaccharides produced by marine, periphytic
Pseudomonas sp. strain NCMB 2021. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 50:837-845
2
Mikkelsen, A., B.T. Stokke, B.E. Christensen and A. Elgsaeter (1985) Flexibility and length of
human bronchial mucin studied using low-shear viscometry, birefringence relaxation analysis,
and electron microscopy. Biopolymers 24:1683-1704
3*
Christensen, B.E., H. Trømborg and O. Smidsrød (1987) Polysaccharide production by a
marine, film-forming bacterium (Pseudomonas sp. NCMB 2021). In: Industrial
Polysaccharides. The Impact of Biotechnology and Advanced Methodologies (Eds. S.S.
Stivala, V. Crescenzi and I.C.M. Dea), Gordon and Breach, New York, 1987 :119-128
4*inv
Smidsrød, O. and B.E. Christensen (1988) Phycocolloids versus microbial polysaccharides.
Chemical structure and physical behaviour. In: Proceedings of a Workshop on Phycocolloids
and Fine Chemicals (Eds. S. Paoletti and G. Blunden), Commission of the European
Communities, Brussels, 1988 :88-109
5*inv
Palenik, B., J.-C. Block, R.G. Burns, W.G. Characklis, B.E. Christensen, W.C. Ghiorse, A.G.
Gristina, F.M.M. Morel, W.W. Nichols, O.H. Touvinen, G.-J. Tuschewitzki and H.A. Videla
(1989) Biofilms: Properties and Processes (Group report). In: Structure and Function of
Biofilms (Dahlem Workshop Report: Life Sciences Research Report 46) (Eds. W.G.
Characklis and P.A. Wilderer), John Wiley & Sons, New York :351-366
6
Stokke, B.T., P. Foss, B.E. Christensen, C. Kierulf and I.W. Sutherland (1989) Long term
storage of xanthan in seawater at elevated temperature: Physical dimensions and chemical
composition of degradation products. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 11:137-144
7
Christensen, B.E. (1989) The role of extracellular polysaccharides in biofilms. J. Biotechnol.
10:181-202
8
Christensen, B.E., H. Naper Trønnes, K. Vollan and R. Bakke (1990) Biofilm removal by low
concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Biofouling 2:165-175
9*inv
Christensen, B.E., M. Indergaard and O. Smidsrød (1990) Polysaccharide research in
Trondheim. Carbohydr. Polym. 13:239-255
10*inv Christensen, B.E. and W.G. Characklis (1990) Physical and chemical properties of biofilms.
In: Biofilms (Eds. W.G. Characklis and K.C. Marshall), John Wiley & Sons, New York :93-130
11
Christensen, B.E. and O. Smidsrød (1991) Hydrolysis of xanthan in dilute acid: Effects on
chemical composition, conformation, and intrinsic viscosity. Carbohydr. Res. 214:55-69
12
Smidsrød, O. and B.E. Christensen (1991) Molecular structure and physical behaviour of
seaweed colloids as compared with microbial polysaccharides. In: Seaweed Resources in
Europe: Uses and Potential (Eds. M.D. Guiry and G. Blunden) :185-217
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13*
Littmann, W., W. Kleinitz, B.E. Christensen, B.T. Stokke and T. Haugvallstad (1992) Late
results of a polymer pilot test: Performance, adsorption and xanthan stability. J. Soc. Petrol.
Eng. 24120:
14
Stokke, B.T., B.E. Christensen and O. Smidsrød (1992) Degradation of multistranded
polymers: Effects of interstrand stabilization in xanthan and scleroglucan studied by a Monte
Carlo method. Macromolecules 25:2209-2214
15
Christensen, B.E., K.D. Knudsen, O. Smidsrød, S. Kitamura and K. Takeo (1993)
Temperature-induced conformational transition in xanthans with partially hydrolysed side
chains. Biopolymers 33:151-161
16*
Christensen, B.E., O. Smidsrød and B.T. Stokke (1993) Xanthans with partially hydrolysed
side chains: Conformation and transitions. Front. Biomed. Biotechnol. 1:166-173
17
Christensen, B.E., O. Smidsrød, A. Elgsaeter and B.T. Stokke (1993) Depolymerization of
double-stranded xanthan by acid hydrolysis: Characterization of partially degraded double
strands and single-stranded oligomers released from the ordered structures. Macromolecules
26:6111-6120
18*
Stokke, B.T., A. Elgsaeter, T. Hjerde, O. Smidsrød and B.E. Christensen (1993)
Thermostability of polysaccharies for application in improved oil recovery: Improvement of
performance by interstrand stabilisation. Proc. 7th IOR Eur. Symp., Moscow, Vol. 2 :382-390
19
Hjerde, T., T.S. Kristiansen, B.T. Stokke, O. Smidsrød and B.E. Christensen (1994)
Conformation dependent depolymerization kinetics of polysaccharides studied by viscosity
measurements. Carbohydr. Polym. 24:265-275
20
Christensen, B.E., O. Smidsrød and B.T. Stokke (1994) The role of side-chains in the Cr
induced gelation of xanthan and xylinan (acetan) - variants. Carbohydr. Polym. 25:25-30
21
Stokke, B.T., A. Elgsaeter, O. Smidsrød and B.E. Christensen (1995) Carboxylation of
scleroglucan for controlled crosslinking by heavy metal ions. Carbohydr. Polym. 27:5-11
3+
-
22*inv Christensen, B.E., B.T. Stokke and O. Smidsrød (1995) Xanthan - the natural water soluble
cellulose derivative. In: Cellulose and cellulose derivatives: Physico-chemical aspects and
industrial applications (Eds. J.F. Kennedy, G.O. Phillips and P.O. Williams) Woodhead
Publishing Ltd. :265-278
23
Berth, G., H. Dautzenberg, B.E. Christensen, G. Rother and O. Smidsrød (1996)
Physicochemical studies on xylinan (acetan). I. Characterization by gel permeation
chromatography on Sepharose Cl-2B coupled with static light scattering and viscometry.
Biopolymers 39:709-720.
24
Berth, G., H. Dautzenberg, B.E. Christensen and O. Smidsrød (1996) Physicochemical
studies on xylinan (acetan). II. Characterization by static light scattering. Biopolymers 39:721728.
25
Harding, S.E., G. Berth, J. Hartmann, K. Jumel, H. Cölfen and B.E. Christensen (1996)
Physicochemical studies on xylinan (acetan). III. Hydrodynamic characterization by analytical
ultrasentrifugation and dynamic light scattering. Biopolymers 39:729-736.
26
Christensen, B.E., O. Aune, S. Hagen, A. Berge and J. Ugelstad (1996) Macroporous,
monodisperse particles and their application in aqueous size exclusion chromatography of
high molecular weight polysaccharides. Carbohydr. Polym. 29:217-223.
27
Draget, K.I., G. Skjåk-Bræk, B.E. Christensen, O. Gåserød and O. Smidsrød (1996) Swelling
and partial solubilization of alginic acid gel beads in acidic buffer. Carbohydr. Polym. 29:209215.
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28
Ottøy, M.H., K.M. Vårum, B.E. Christensen, M.W. Anthonsen and O. Smidsrød (1996)
Preparative and analytical size-exclusion chromatography of chitosans. Carbohydr. Polym.
31:253-261.
29
Christensen, B.E., M. Myhr and O. Smidsrød (1996) Degradation of double-stranded xanthan
by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of ferrous ions: Comparison to acid hydrolysis.
Carbohydr. Res. 280:85-99
30
Hjerde, T., O. Smidsrød and B.E. Christensen (1996) The influence of the conformational
state of κ- and ι-carrageenan on the rate of acid hydrolysis. Carbohydr. Res. 288:175-187.
31
Stokke, B.T. and B.E. Christensen (1996) Release of disordered xanthan oligomers upon
partial acid hydrolysis of double-stranded xanthan. Food Hydrocolloids 10:83-89.
32*inv Stokke, B.T., B.E. Christensen and O. Smidsrød (1996) Macromolecular properties of
xanthan. In: Polysaccharides in Medicine and Biotechnology (Ed. S. Dumitriu), Marcel Dekker
Inc., New York, pp. 433-472.
33*inv Christensen, B.E., B.T. Stokke and O. Smidsrød (1996) Depolymerization of xanthan. In: The
polymeric materials encyclopedia, Synthesis, properties and Applications (Ed. J.C.
Salamone), CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA, 11:8781-8788.
34
Christensen, B.E. and O. Smidsrød (1996) Dependence on the content of unsubstituted
(cellulosic) regions in prehydrolysed xanthans on the rate of hydrolysis by Trichoderma reseii
endoglucanase. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 18:93-99.
35
Abrahamson, M., Z. Lewandowski, G. Geesey, G. Skjåk-Bræk, W. Strand and B.E.
Christensen (1996) Development of an artificial biofilm to study the effects of a single
microcolony on mass transport. J. Microbiol. Meth. 26:161-169.
36
Berth, G., H. Dautzenberg, B.E. Christensen, S.E. Harding, G. Rother and O. Smidsrød
(1996) Static light scattering studies on xanthan in aqueous solutions. Macromolecules
29:3491-3498.
37
Christensen, B.E., O. Smidsrød and B.T. Stokke (1996) Metastable, partially depolymerized
xanthans and rearrangements (annealing) towards perfectly matched duplex structures.
Macromolecules 29:2939-2944.
38
Hjerde, T., B.T. Stokke, O. Smidsrød and B.E. Christensen (1998) Free radical degradation of
triple-stranded scleroglucan by hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ions. Carbohydr. Polym. 37:4148.
39
Hjerde, T., O. Smidsrød and B.E. Christensen (1996) The influence of the conformational
state of κ- and ι-carrageenan on the rate of acid hydrolysis. Carbohydr. Res. 288:175-187
40
Hjerde, T., O. Smidsrød and B.E. Christensen (1999) Analysis of the conformational
properties of κ- and ι-carrageenan by size-exclusion chromatography- (SEC) combined with
low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS). Biopolymers 49: 71-80.
41
Hjerde, T., O. Smidsrød, B.T. Stokke and B.E. Christensen (1998) Acid hydrolysis of κ- and ιcarrageenan in the disordered and ordered conformations: Characterization of partially
hydrolyzed samples and single-stranded oligomers released from the ordered structures.
Macromolecules 31:1842-1851.
42inv
Christensen, B.E. (1999) Physical and chemical properties of extracellular polysaccharides
associated with biofilms and related systems. In: Bacterial extracellular polymeric substances
(Eds. J. Wingender, T. Neu, H.-C. Fleming), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 143-154.
43*
Christensen, B.E. (1997) Polysaccharides. In: Plant based speciality products and
biopolymers. Tema Nord 1997:606. Nordic council of ministers, Copenhagen, pp 160-167.
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44
Guo, B., A. Elgsaeter, B.E. Christensen and B.T. Stokke (1998) Sclerox-chitosan co-gels:
Effects of charge density on swelling of gels in ionic aqueous solution and in poor solvents,
and on the rehydration of dried gels. Polym. Gels Networks 6:471-492.
45
Schult, T., S.T. Moe, T. Hjerde and B.E. Christensen (2000) Size exclusion chromatography
of cellulose dissolved in LiCl/DMAc using macroporous monodisperse poly(styrene-codivinylbenzene) particles. J. Liq. Chromatogr. 23, 2277-2288.
46
Christensen, B.E, A-S. Ulset, M.U. Beer, B. E. Knuckles, D.L. Williams, M.L. Fishman, H.K.
Chau, and P.J. Wood (2001). Macromolecular characterisation of three barley ß-glucan
standards by size-exclusion chromatography combined with light scattering and viscometry:
An interlaboratory study. Carbohydr. Polym. 45, 11-22.
47
Roubroeks, J.P., R. Andersson, D.I. Mastromauro, B.E. Christensen and P. Åman (2001).
Molecular weight, structure and shape of oat (1→3),(1→4)-β-D-glucan fractions obtained by
enzymatic degradation with (1→4)-β-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase from Trichoderma reesei.
Carbohydr. Polym. 46, 275-285.
48
Roubroeks, J.P., G. Skjåk-Bræk, L. Ryan, and B.E. Christensen (2000). Molecular weight
dependency on the production of the TNF stimulated by fractions of rye (1→3),(1→4)-β-Dglucan. Scand. J. Immunol. 52, 584-587.
49
Christensen, B.E., E. Aasprong and B.T. Stokke (2001). Gelation of periodate oxidised
scleroglucan (scleraldehyde). Carbohydr. Polym. 46, 241-248.
50
Børsheim, K.Y., B.E. Christensen and T.J. Painter (2001). Preservation of fish by embedment
in Sphagnum moss, peat or holocellulose: Experimental proof of the oxopolysaccharidic
nature of the preservative substance and of its antimicrobial and tanning action. Innovative
Food Sci. and Emerging Technologies 2/1, 63-74.
51
Christensen, B.E., H. Ertesvåg, H. Beyenal and Z. Lewandowski (2001). Resistance of
biofilms to disintegration by AlgL. Biofouling 17, 203-210.
52
Roubroeks, J.P., D.I. Mastromauro, R. Andersson, B.E. Christensen, and P. Åman (2000).
Molecular weight, structure and shape of oat (1→3),(1→4)-β-D-glucan fractions obtained by
enzymatic degradation with lichenase. Biomacromolecules 1, 584-591.
53
Tømmeraas, K., K.M. Vårum, B.E. Christensen, and O. Smidsrød (2001). Preparation and
characterisation of oligosaccharides produced by nitrous acid depolymerisation of chitosans.
Carbohydr. Res. 333, 137-144.
54
Fredheim, G.E., S.M. Braaten, and B.E. Christensen (2002). Molecular weight determination
of lignosulfonates by size exclusion chromatography and multi-angle laser light scattering. J.
Chromatogr. A. 942, 191-199.
55
Tømmeraas, K., M. Köping-Höggård, K.M. Vårum, B.E. Christensen, P. Artursson, and O.
Smidsrød (2002). Preparation and characterisation of chitosans with oligosaccharide
branches. Carbohydr. Res. 337, 2455-2462.
56
*Tømmeraas, K., K.M. Vårum, B.E. Christensen and O. Smidsrød (2000). Preparation and
th
characterisation of branched chitosans. Proc. 8 Int. Chitosan/Chitin Conference, Yamaguchi,
Japan, 20.-23. september, 2000.
57
Fredheim, G.E., S.M. Braaten, and B.E. Christensen (2003). Comparison of molecular weight
and molecular weight distributions of softwood and hardwood lignosulfonates. J. Wood.
Chem. Technol., 23, 197-215.
58
Köping-Höggård, M., M. Issa, S. Danielsen, B.E. Christensen, K.M. Vårum, B.T. Stokke and
P. Artursson (2004) A new approach to chitosan-mediated gene delivery based on easily
dissociated chitosan polyplexes of highly defined chitosan oligomers. Gene Therapy, 11(19),
1441-1452.
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59
Fredheim, G.E. and B.E. Christensen (2003) Polyelectrolyte complexes: Interactions between
lignosulfonate and chitosan. Biomacromolecules, 4, 232-239.
60
Cristiana Campa, Astrid Oust, Gudmund Skjåk-Bræk, Bjørn E. Christensen, Berit Smestad
Paulsen, Sergio Paoletti, Simon Ballance (2004). Determination of the molecular weight and
distribution of oligosaccharides in a partially acid hydrolysed homopolysaccharide: a
comparison of four experimental methods applied to mannuronan. J. Chromatogr. A. 1026,
271-281.
61
Morten Eikenes, Gry Alfredsen, Bjørn E. Christensen, Holger Militz, Halvor Solheim (2005)
Comparison of chitosan with different molecular weights as possible wood preservative. J.
Wood Sci. 51, 387-394.
62
*Simon Ballance, Yngve Børsheim and Bjørn E. Christensen (2004) A unique 5-keto furanose
in the leaves of Sphagnum moss: a review of the evidence. 12th International Peat Congress.
Tampere, Finland. (Ed. Päivänen) J. Finish Peatland Soc. 293-299.
63
Inger Mari N. Vold, Kåre A. Kristiansen and Bjørn E. Christensen (2006) A study of the chain
stiffness in epimerised and periodate-oxidised alginates using size-exclusion chromatography
combined with light-scattering and viscosity detectors. Biomacromolecules, 7, 2136-2146.
64
Inger Mari N. Vold and Bjørn E. Christensen (2005). Periodate oxidation of chitosans with
different chemical compositions Carbohydr. Res. 340, 679-684
65
Marit Sletmoen, Bjørn E. Christensen, and Bjørn T. Stokke (2005) Probing macromolecular
architectures of nanosized cyclic structures of (1,3)-β-D-glucans by AFM and SEC-MALLS.
Carbohydr. Res. 340, 971-979.
66
Simon Ballance, Synnøve Holtan, Olav Andreas Aarstad, Pawel Sikorski, Gudmund SkjåkBræk, Bjørn E. Christensen (2005). Application of high-performance anion-exchange
chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection and statistical analysis to study
oligosaccharide distributions. Complementary method to investigate the structure and some
properties of alginates. J. Chromatogr. A. 1093, 59-68.
67
Gimmestad, M., Steigedal, M., Ertesvåg, H., Moreno, S., Christensen, B. E., Espín, G. and
Valla, S. (2006). Identification and characterization of an Azotobacter vinelandii type I
secretion system responsible for export of the AlgE-type mannuronan C-5-epimerases. J.
Bacteriol. 188, 5551-5560
68
Sabina P. Strand, Signe Danielsen, Bjørn E. Christensen and Kjell M. Vårum (2005).
Influence of chitosan structure on the formation and stability of DNA-chitosan polyelectrolyte
complexes. Biomacromolecules 2005, 6, 3357-3366
69
Simon Ballance, Knut Yngve Børsheim, Kari Inngjerdingen, Berit Smestad Paulsen and Bjørn
E. Christensen (2007). Partial characterisation and re-examination of polysaccharides
released by mild acid hydrolysis from the chlorite-treated leaves of Sphagnum papillosum.
Carbohydr. Polym. 67, 104-115.
70
Karianne Bakkevig, Håvard Sletta, Martin Gimmestad, Randi Aune, Helga Ertesvåg, Kristin
Degnes, Bjørn E. Christensen, Trond E. Ellingsen and Svein Valla (2005). Role of the
Pseudomonas fluorescens alginate lyase (AlgL) in clearing the periplasm of alginates not
exported to the extracellular environment. J. Bacteriol. 187, 8375-8384.
71
Mohamed M. Issa, Magnus Köping-Höggård, Kristoffer Tømmeraas, Kjell M. Vårum, Bjørn E.
Christensen , Sabina P. Strand, Per Artursson. Targeted gene delivery with trisaccharidesubstituted chitosan oligomers in vitro and after lung administration in vivo. J. Controlled
Release 115 (2006) 103–112.
72
Simon Ballance, Kåre A. Kristiansen, Jarle Holt, Bjørn E. Christensen (2008). Interactions of
polysaccharides extracted by mild acid hydrolysis from the leaves of Sphagnum papillosum
with phenylhydrazine, o-phenylenediamine or collagen. Carbohydr. Polym. 71, 550-558.
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73
Bjørn E. Christensen, Gudmund Skjåk-Bræk, Olav Smidsrød (2007). Comment on
Conformational Changes and Aggregation of Alginic Acid as Determined By Fluorescence
Correlation Spectroscopy. Biomacromolecules 8, 3279.
74
Salehi, P., Walker, J., Madsen, K. L., Sigurdson, G. T., Strand, B. L., Christensen, B. E.,
Jewell, L. D. and Churchill, T. A. (2007). Relationship between energetic stress and proapoptotic/cytoprotective kinase mechanisms in intestinal preservation. Surgery 141, (6), 795803.
75
Valla, Svein; Steigedal, Magnus; Sletta, Håvard; Moreno, Soledad; Christensen, Bjørn E.;
Bjerkan, Tonje; Ellingsen, Trond E.; Espin, Guadalupe; Ertesvåg, Helga. (2008) The
Azotobacter vinelandii AlgE mannuronan C-5 epimerase family is essential for the in vivo
control of alginate monomer composition and for functional cyst formation. Environmental
Microbiology (2008) 10(7), 1760–1770.
76
Christensen, B.E., Vold, I.M.N., Vårum, K.M. (2008) Chain stiffness and extension of
chitosans and periodate oxidised chitosans studied by size exclusion chromatography
combined with light scattering and viscosity detector. Carbohydr. Polym. 74, 559-565.
77
Strand, Sabina; Issa, Mohamed; Christensen, Bjørn E.; Vaarum, Kjell; Artursson, Per (2008)
Tailoring of chitosans for gene delivery: Novel self-branched glycosylated chitosan oligomers
with improved functional properties. Biomacromolecules, 9, 3268-3276.
78
Torunn Stalheim, Simon Ballance, Bjørn E. Christensen and Per Einar Granum (2009).
Sphagnan - a pectin-like polymer isolated from Sphagnum moss can inhibit the growth of
some typical food spoilage and food poisoning bacteria by lowering the pH. J. Appl. Microbiol.
106, 967–976.
79
Simon Ballance, Olav Andreas Aarstad, Finn Lillelund Aachmann, Gudmund Skjåk-Bræk,
Bjørn E. Christensen (2009). Preparation of monodisperse mannuronan oligomers by sizeexclusion chromatography followed by semi-preparative high-performance anion-exchange
chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Carbohydr. Res. 344, 255-259
80
Kåre A. Kristiansen, Simon Ballance, Antje Potthast & Bjørn E. Christensen (2009). An
evaluation of tritium and fluorescence labelling combined with multi detector SEC for the
detection of carbonyl group distributions in polysaccharides. Carbohydr. Polym. 76, 196-205.
81
Kåre A. Kristiansen, Bjørn C. Schirmer, Finn Aachmann, Gudmund Skjåk-Bræk, Kurt I. Draget
and Bjørn E. Christensen (2009). Novel alginates prepared by independent control of chain
stiffness and distribution of G-blocks: Structure and gelling properties. Carbohydrate Polym.
77, 725-735.
82
Masayuki Hara, Naoki Koshimizu, Mayumi Yoshida, Ingvild J. Haug, Ann-Sissel T. Ulset,
Bjørn E. Christensen (2010) Cross-linking and depolymerisation of γ-irradiated fish gelatin
and porcine gelatin studied by SEC-MALLS and SDS-PAGE: A comparative study. J.
Biomaterials Sci., 21, 877–892.
83
Martin Chytil, Sabina Strand, Bjørn E. Christensen, Miloslav Pekar (2010) Calorimetric and
light scattering study of interactions and macromolecular properties of native and
hydrophobically modified hyaluronan. Carbohydr. Polym., 81, 855-863.
84
Kåre A. Kristiansen, Antje Potthast, Bjørn E. Christensen (2010) Periodate oxidation of
polysaccharides for modification of chemical and physical properties (Review). Carbohydr.
Res. 345, 1264–1271
85
Shiho Suzuki, Bjørn E. Christensen, Shinichi Kitamura (2010) Effect of Mannuronate Content
and Molecular Weight of Alginates on Intestinal Immunological Activity through Peyerʼs Patch
Cells of C3H/HeJ Mice. Carbohydr. Polym. In press (Accepted 12 August 2010).
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Kristoffer Tømmeraas, Sabina P Strand, Bjørn E Christensen, Olav Smidsrød, Kjell M Vårum
(2010) Preparation and Characterization of Branched Chitosans. Carbohydr. Polym. 83, 15581564.
87
Mellegård, H., Strand, S. P., Christensen, B. E., Granum, P. E., and Hardy, S. P. (2011)
Antibacterial activity of chemically defined chitosans: influence of molecular weight, degree of
acetylation and test organism Int. J. Food Microbiolol. Accepted 26 April 2011 (in press).
doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.04.023
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