Daan Otter, Powergen Europe, 8-10 june 2010
Source and emission measurements for
power plants
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 1
BU Measurement Products
Instrumentation and analyzers
Force
Measurement
• Stressometer Flatness
Control
• Millmate Strip Scanner
• Tensiometer
• Millmate Roll Force
• Thickness Gauge
• PillowBlock Load Cells
• Cylmate
• Torductor-S Torque
Sensor
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 2
Analytical
Measurement
• Continuous Gas
Analyzers
• Gas Chromatography
• Spectrometers
• Photometers
• FTIR/FTNIR
• Water Analyzers
• Dissolved Organics
& Nitrate
• pH & Redox
• Conductivity &
Resistivity
• Colormetric Analysers
• Chlorine & Ozone
• Turbidity
• Dissolved Oxygen
• Ion Selective
• Analytical System
Integration
Flow
Measurement
• Electromagnetic
• Coriolis Mass
• Thermal Mass
• Vortex, Swirl
• Variable Area
• Differential Pressure
• Flow computers
• RTUs.
Field Instruments &
Devices
• Pressure
• Temperature
• Level Measurement
• Valve Actuators &
Positioners,
• Recorders &
Controllers.
Service
• Device Management
• Consulting
• Installation &
Commissioning
• Maintenance
• Filed Services
• Migration &
Upgrades
• Repair & Calibration
• Spare Parts &
Consumables
• Training
• Support Agreements
Air Quality Policy
The Hierarchy of Legislation
International
Treaties
EU
Legislation
Sofia Protocol – NOx Protocol
Gothenburg Protocol
Kyoto Protocol-Greenhouse/Methane…..
Directive 96/61/EC - Integrated Pollution Prevention&Control
Directive 96/62/EC – Air Quality Framework
Directive 2000/76/EC – Waste Incineration&Co-Incineration
Directive 2001/80/EC – Large Combustion Plants
Directive 2001/81/EC – National Emission Ceilings
CAFE Program (Clean Air for Europe)
National
Legislation
• Law Making
• Law Enforcing
• Permitting
Regional & Local
Legislation
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 3
• Monitoring & Control
Motivation
Requirements
Framework


2000/76/EC (13th BImSchV )

Alarm values depending on combustible (liquid, solid, gaseous)

Reducing emissions with focus on dust and nitrogen oxides

Mercury measurement

Etc.
2001/80/EC (17th BImSchV )


The most important changes are in the field of co-combustion
EN 14181

EU-wide harmonized quality requirements in three stages (QAL1/2/3)
Requirements to Continuous Measuring Systems

Measuring ranges

Availability

AMS monitoring during operation (EN 14181 – QAL3)
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 4
Advance Optima - 13th and 17th BImSchV
Minimum Certified Measuring Ranges
Photometer
CO
Oxygen measurement
IR
UV
Paramagn.
Electrochem.
Uras14
Limas11
Magnos106
Option in
photometer
Flame ionization
75 mg/m3
200 mg/m3
35 mg/m3
75 mg/m3
75 mg/m3
NO2
NH3
N2O
SO2
H2O
HCl
HF
15 mg/m3
Ctotal
O2
10/25 vol%
10/25 vol%
Validation
Ambient air and gas cells
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 5
Ambient air
Adjustment without
test gas

Gas cell check
once a year
Multi FID14
CO2
NO

N2 and sample
gas
ACF-NT – 2001/80/EC Emissions System LCP
Minimum Certified Measuring Ranges
Oxygen measurement
Spectrometer
Zirconia
FTIR
ACF-NT
Multi FID14
CO
75 mg/m3
CO2
30 vol%
NO
200 mg/m3
NO2
40 mg/m3
NH3
15 mg/m3
N2O
50 mg/m3
SO2
75 mg/m3
H2O
40 vol%
HCl
15 mg/m3
HF2
5 mg/m3
I/O
HMI1
25 vol%
Validation
Test gas
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 6
Ambient air
(1)
(2)
FID & O2
FTIR
15 mg/m3
Ctotal
O2
Flame ionization
Test gas
Human Machine Interface = display and service panel
Lab test
EasyLine – 13th BImSchV Waste/Co-incineration
Minimum Measuring Ranges (approval based on VDI 4203 & EN 15267 active)
Photometer
Oxygen measurement
IR
Paramagn.
Electrochem.
Uras26
Magnos206
Photom. option
CO
75 mg/m3
CO2
20 vol%
NO
100/2001 mg/m3
NO2
NH3
N2O
100 mg/m3
SO2
75 mg/m3
Further development based on
known Advance Optima
analyzers Uras, Magnos and
Caldos
H2O
HCl
HF
Ctotal
O2
10/25 vol%
10/25 vol%
Validation
Ambient air and gas
cells
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 7
Ambient air
(1) In connection with CO2 measurement
Availability and efficiency
Requirements for emission monitoring


Requirement

2/3 of the values to be calculated for HMW1 must be valid

Day is invalid if 6 HMW are invalid

Max. of 10 downtime days a year  97% availability
Economics


Increase efficiency
Resulting requirements of analyzer systems

High availability with low maintenance

Self monitoring with early warnings

Easy access to instrument status and functionality
(1) Half-hour average value
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 8
Availability and efficiency
Concept Minimizing Downtime

Field level

4 ... 20 mA
digital signals
Ethernet


Sensors for temperature, flow, condensate
monitoring, pressure switches, etc., are incorporated
in the ABB Analyzer via IO cards and function block
programming
Analyzer level

ABB analyzers with SPS functionality

Additional analyzers are incorporated in the ABB analyzer via
IO cards and function block programming (measured values,
status signals and control signals)
Standard PC and LAN* solution

Visualization, monitoring and prospective maintenance,
configuration, data archiving, etc., via ABB software tool
* Local Area Network (office networking technology)
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 9
Availability
Predictable Downtime
In maintenance intervals

Adjustments

QAL3 checks
Advance Optima and EasyLine
brief adjustment time (=> does not account for downtime), small maintenance intervals allowable
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May June
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
time
ACF-NT
long adjustment time (=> accounts for downtime), long maintenance intervals (6 months) required
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May June
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
time
= adjustment
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 10
EN 14181
Surveillance intervals and responsibilities
Performance test
ISO 14956
Assessment of overall uncertainty

EN 14181
Calibration using reference measurements (SRM3)
Calculation of variability and comparison to required uncertainty
Operator
Emissions from stationary
sources – quality assurance
for automatic measuring
equipment
EN 14181
Uncertainty check
EN 14181
Drift and precision check using
control charts and standard deviation
Equipment
installation at
client’s site
(1) Annual Surveillance Test
(2) Automated Measuring System
© ABB Group (3) Standard Reference Method
April 8, 2015 | Slide 11
At least every 5 years
or in the event of changes to the plant operation or repair of the AMS 2
or violation of the calibration range
QAL 2
Test labs
AST
Test labs
1 year
~
1 year
AST1
Test labs
QAL 2
Test labs
QAL 1
Manufacturer
QAL 3
time
QAL3 Safeguarding
Advance Optima with Analyze IT Explorer
EasyLine with internal functionality
Users:
Maintenance and service
Interface
Ethernet
“AnalyzeIT Explorer”
Application
PC software package with QAL3 component
Platform
Manual
input
Ethernet
Other instruments
Advance Optima
•Uras
•Limas
•MultiFID
•Magnos
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 12
EasyLine
ACF-NT
•Uras
•Magnos
•FTIR
•RGM
•MultiFID
•Classic
•Uras
•Radas
•FID
•3rd party
Additional parameters
P, T°, Q, dust, Hg and heavy metals
VEREWA Ambient Air Monitoring
D-EMS 2000
Authorities
wet waste gas
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 13
D-PM.WWW
Process
Control
System
Data acquisition
Collection, registration and reporting
D-EMS 2000
A modular structured system
for all size of plants
.
1.
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 14
. 8
Source measurements
CO2 determination from fuel composition

COMMISSION DECISION of 18 July 2007 2007/589/EC:


establishing guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse
gas emissions pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council
13. DETERMINATION OF ACTIVITY-SPECIFIC DATA AND FACTORS
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 15

13.1. DETERMINATION OF NET CALORIFIC VALUES AND EMISSION
FACTORS FOR FUELS

Relevant CEN standards are the following:

EN ISO 6976:2005 Natural gas — Calculation of calorific values, density,
relative density, and Wobbe index from composition,

EN ISO 4259:1996 Petroleum products — Determination and application
of precision data in relation to methods of test.

13.5.3. ONLINE GAS ANALYSERS AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS

The use of online gas chromatographs and extractive or non-extractive gas
analysers for emission determination under these guidelines is subject to
approval by the competent authority. The use of these systems is limited to the
determination of composition data of gaseous fuels and materials.

Calibration services and the suppliers of calibration gases shall be accredited
against EN ISO 17025:2005
NGC8206 Compact gas chromatograph
Multistream determination of C6+
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 16
International standards
Compliance to highest level

ISO/IEC 17025:2005 -- General requirements for the competence
of testing and calibration laboratories  lab accreditation

ISO 10723:1995 Natural gas -- Performance evaluation for online analytical systems  report available from such lab

ISO 6976:2005 Natural gas -- Calculation of calorific values,
density, relative density, and Wobbe index from composition

OIML R-140--Measuring systems for Gaseous Fuel
© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 17

R-140 includes requirements for online GC’s

Certified by LNE
Summary
Availability and precision optimised

Approved and compliant equipment

Dedicated calibration concepts

Use of intelligent AMS

Optimum systemdesign with a.o.
integrated peripheral diagnostics

Intelligent Software for



© ABB Group
April 8, 2015 | Slide 18
Remote diagnositcs
Remote connection
Tailor made maintenance contracts
So you can do you
work in peace ;-)