JTS SafGen UV-OX
Chlorine Dioxide Generator
Background
• Chlorine dioxide has been used for over 100 years.
It is more selective than chlorine or bromines and
remains effective at low concentrations. Chlorine
dioxide is a wide spectrum biocide, effective over a
broad pH range, and is a superior product for the
control of Legionella.
• Chlorine dioxide penetrates the bacterial cell wall
and reacts with amino acids to kill the organism.
Chlorine Dioxide vs. Chlorine
Many treatment programs operate with pH in the
range of 8.0-8.5. At pH 6.0, chlorine hydrolyzes
to hypochlorous acid (HOCI), which is its effective form. At a pH of 8.5, only 8% goes to HOCI,
thus requiring a much higher dosage to control
algae and slime. Chlorine dioxide retains efficacy
over a wide pH range and provides superior biocide
control at a fraction of the chlorine dosage. The
smaller dosage makes chlorine dioxide more
cost effective.
Chlorine dioxide excels in ammoniated systems and where process leaks
create high demands for chlorine. Chlorine dioxide does not react with
ammonia and is more selective in its reactivity, thus minimizing the dosage
and the possible formation of chlorinated organics in the blowdown.
Chlorine Dioxide – Physical Properties
• Chemical Formula = ClO2
• Does not react w/ water
• A true dissolved gas in solution
• 2.5 times the oxidizing capacity of Chlorine
• A strong oxidizer
• A potent microbiocide
• Must be generated at point of use
Chlorine Dioxide Benefits
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Selective disinfecting oxidant
Rapid kill rate at low ppm
Broad-range bacteria, fungi & virus destruction
Penetrates & sluffs biofilm, killing resident organisms
Does not form trihalomethanes (THM’s)
Does not react with ammonia or chlorinated organics
Does not form hypochlorous acid or free chlorine
Is less corrosive than chlorine
Oxidizes manganese, iron, phenols, sulfides, cyanides
Able to oxidize odor-causing substances
Remains effective across broad pH range
Why Isn’t Chlorine Dioxide
More Widely Used?
Federal law prohibits the transportation of chlorine dioxide
gas, therefore it must be produced at the point of use.
Large-scale water treatment systems use complex and
expensive acid-based chlorine dioxide generators. Typically,
these methods require multiple hazardous
precursors. Chlorine dioxide historically
has been considered a viable option when
the amount of water requiring treatment
warranted the expense, danger, complexity
and maintenance concerns of a large-scale
generator.
Chlorine Dioxide – Other Methods
Sodium Chlorite plus Chlorine
2NaClO2 + Cl2
2 ClO2 + 2NaCl
Bleach plus Hydrochloric Acid
2NaClO2 + NaOCl + 2HCl
5NaClO2 + 4HCl
2ClO2 + 3NaCl + H2O
4ClO2 + 5NaCl +2H2O
In Summary…
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Has to be generated on-site
2-3 chemical precursors required
Complicated, expensive feed equipment
Dangerous to produce
Current systems are highly corrosive
Labor-intensive and high-maintenance costs
Requires qualified manpower - 24/7 monitoring
No effective systems for under 2 lbs./day
Finally….
The SafGen Chlorine Dioxide Generator
overcomes the barriers of:
Hazard
Expense
Maintenance
Complexity
Size
SafGen Chlorine Dioxide Generator
The SafGen UV-OX generator safely
produces a direct feed, dilute aqueous
chlorine dioxide solution using
ultraviolet energy in reaction w/ sodium
chlorite.
JTS SafGen UV-OX
Chlorine Dioxide- Our Way
NaClO2
UV Light
ClO2 + Na+
JTS SafGen Features
• Single Chemical Precursor
• Safe generation using UV light
• Adjustable Dosage Settings
• Feed Range – up to 2 lbs./day
• “No Flow – No Feed” Design
Ballast
Ballast
R
X
C
A
R
T
R
I
D
G
E
ELE
Ctrl
Timer
Rotameter
Pump
Solenoid
Valve
Filter
NaClO2
Shutoff
Valve
Drum
Outlet
Inlet
JTS SafGen – Benefits
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Easily integrated into your current treatment program
Effective elimination of biofilm
Safe concentrations of chlorine dioxide
Can function as-needed, according to demand
Single chemical precursor
No acid, no bleach, no chlorine gas
Less corrosive than other generation systems
Generation process does not affect pH levels
Small footprint, self-contained weather resistant cabinet
Straight-forward installation
Easily maintained by building engineer or service provider
Riverway Cooling Tower
Villa D’Este Cooling Tower
Villa D’Este Before Chlorine Dioxide
Villa D’Este Chlorine Dioxide
Before
After
Biocidal Control Benefits
Uncontrolled growth of microorganisms can lead to:
higher water and energy costs
shortened equipment life
increased health risks
Biofilm can:
impede heat transfer and water flow
serve as site for scale formation
promote under-deposit corrosion
prevent function of scale and corrosion inhibitors
sequester infectious bacteria such as Legionella
SafGen Operation Conditions for more
than 1.0 lbs/day chlorine dioxide
• The water flow rate should be set to 60 gph
• The proportional pump is preset at the factory to
feed +/- 435 ppm sodium chlorite (1,740 ppm of
Sodium chlorite solution)
• The reactor will produce 1.6 lbs/day of chlorine
dioxide
SafGen Operation Conditions for less
than 1.0 lbs/day chlorine dioxide
• Reset the proportional pump to feed +/- 270
ppm sodium chlorite (1,080 ppm of Sodium
chlorite solution)
• The water flow rate should be set to 70 gph
• The reactor will produce 1.2 lbs/day of chlorine
dioxide
Lbs of Chlorine Dioxide/Ton of Refrigeration
2.000
1.800
Lbs/Day Chlorine Dioxide
1.600
1.400
150% of normal
demand. Summer
operation.
1.200
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
50% of normal
demand. Winter
operation
0.200
0.000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Refrigeration Tons/Day
3000
3500
4000
$'s/day of Sodium Chlorite/Ton of Refrigeration
$20.00
$'s/day of Sodium Chlorite
$18.00
$16.00
150% of normal
demand. Summer
operation.
$14.00
$12.00
$10.00
$8.00
$6.00
$4.00
50% of normal demand.
Winter operation.
$2.00
$0.00
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Refrigeration Tons/Day
3000
3500
4000
JTS SafGen UV-OX Applications
• Commercial Cooling Towers
• Legionella Contaminated Systems
• Decorative/Ornamental Fountains
• Odor control – hydrogen sulfide, organo-sulfur
• Destruction of phenols and mercaptans
• Color removal and bleaching
• Surface disinfection
JTS SafGen UV-OX
Patent Pending and
© JTS Enterprises, Inc. 2004
Patent Protection
The process and apparatus described in this
presentation is protected by US and foreign
patent applications. The owners of the
disclosed technology will use all means,
including injunctions and the levying of
damages, to prevent any unauthorized use of
the disclosed technology
Order Information
JTS Enterprises, Inc.
4600 Post Oak Place Suite 153
Houston, Texas 77027
Phone: 713-621-6740
Fax: 713-621-2454
e-mail:
104636.1204@compuserve.com