Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of
zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is
released. This is an example of
(1) a chemical reaction
(2) a physical change
(1) a chemical reaction
(3) photosynthesis
(4) evaporation
Which setup below would require the least force to lift a
100-gram mass a distance of 10 centimeters?
(1) Provides more
mechanical advantage
(3 supporting ropes)
Which model is used by scientists to determine the
properties of elements?
(1) a Punnett square
(3) a pedigree chart
(2) the Periodic Table
(4) the rock cycle
(2) the Periodic Table
Base your answers to the following
questions on the diagram below, which
shows two insulated Styrofoam cups of
water connected by an aluminum bar. The
thermometers show the temperature of
the water in cup A and cup B at the
beginning of a heat-flow experiment.
Which process is most responsible for the temperature changes that
will take place?
(1) radiation of heat from the water in the cups to the
thermometers
(2) conduction of heat through the aluminum bar
(3) radiation of heat from the water in the cups into the air
(4) conduction of heat through the air to the water in the cups
(2) conduction of heat through the aluminum bar
Over the next 15 minutes, which changes would most likely occur?
(1) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will increase.
(2) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will decrease.
(3) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will increase.
(4) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will decrease.
(1) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will increase.
The diagram below shows a pencil in a glass of water.
When viewed from the side, the pencil appears to be broken. What process causes
this to happen?
(1) absorption
(3) reflection
(2) evaporation
(4) refraction
(4) refraction
A student was given samples of four different liquids, A, B, C, and D.
The student poured equal amounts of two different liquid samples
into several test tubes. The results are shown in test tubes 1, 2, 3, and
4.
What physical property of the liquids causes them to separate into
different layers when poured into the test tubes?
Density
When equal amounts of liquids A, B, C, and D were placed
into test tube 5, the liquids separated into four layers. A
diagram of test tube 5 appears below. On the blank lines
next to each layer, list the final order of the liquids as they
would appear in test tube 5. [1]
D
C
B
A
Base your answers to the following questions on
the diagram below and on your knowledge of
science. The diagram shows a phase change
represented by letter A.
State the term for the phase change that occurs at A.
freezing
Explain why the phase change at A is a physical change
There is no change into a new substance
Base your answers to the following questions on the diagram
below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows
two students ready to dive into a pool.
Explain why student B has
more potential energy than
student A.
Student B is higher over
the pool than student A
Student A dives from the
board into the water. Explain
why student A's kinetic energy
decreases as the student
enters the water.
The water slows them down
and decreases their kinetic
energy
Base your answers to the following questions on diagram 1 and
diagram 2 below and on your knowledge of science. The amount of
force required to keep the same block of wood moving across the
tabletop is shown in the diagrams.
Circle the name of the device in the diagrams used to measure force.
spring scale
voltmeter
thermometer
graduated cylinder
What change could be made in the setup in diagram 1 to increase the amount of force
necessary to move the block of wood?
Add more mass to the block of wood.
Explain why the round pencils in diagram 2 decreases the amount of force necessary
to move the block of wood.
It changes sliding friction into rolling friction.
The diagram below shows an experiment to test a certain property of liquids.
Which property of the liquid is being tested?
(1) density
(2) magnetic attraction
(3) conductivity
(3) conductivity
(4) freezing point
A wet shirt is put on a clothesline to dry on a sunny day. The shirt dries
because water molecules
(1) gain heat energy and condense
(2) gain heat energy and evaporate
(3) lose heat energy and condense
(4) lose heat energy and evaporate
(2) gain heat energy and evaporate
The diagram below shows a tall beaker with four different liquids and
their densities.
If a ball that has a density of 1.73 g/cm3 is placed in the beaker, where will the ball come
to rest?
(1) on top of liquid A
(2) between liquids B and C
(3) between liquids C and D
(4) on the bottom of the beaker
(3) between liquids C and D
The four diagrams below model the results of mixing atoms of different
substances. Each atom is represented by a different symbol. Which
diagram correctly models a chemical change?
(2) All the particles are
equally distributed (in a
set ratio).
The diagrams below show a person moving a 50-kilogram object up a ramp. In which
diagram is there the least amount of friction on the object?
(4) The wheels and
smooth surface create less
friction.
Which graph below shows an object slowing down?
(1) Speed is decreasing over time.
Note that this question has only three choices.
As altitude increases, air pressure
(1) decreases
(2) increases
(3) remains the same
(1) decreases
The table below shows the chemical symbols for some common elements.
Based on the information in the table, which of the four substance below is a
compound?
(1) CO
(2) He
(3) Si
(4) Fe
(1) CO
Element
Symbol
Hydrogen
H
Helium
He
Oxygen
O
Silicon
Si
Carbon
C
Iron
Fe
Base your answers to the following questions on the information below.
Models are often used to explain natural phenomena. Develop a model to
show the relationship between heat energy and the motion and position
of particles in a sample of matter. Use a group of 20 students in an empty
room to represent the particles in a sample of matter.
How should the students be placed in the room to represent
the arrangement of particles in a solid?
Students should be close together and not moving.
Base your answers to the following questions on the information below.
Models are often used to explain natural phenomena. Develop a model to
show the relationship between heat energy and the motion and position
of particles in a sample of matter. Use a group of 20 students in an empty
room to represent the particles in a sample of matter.
What instruction should be given to the 20 student “particles” to show
the addition of heat to the “solid sample of matter”? (Note: The solid
is simply being heated; it should not melt.)
They should stay in their position but start to vibrate more.
Base your answers to the following questions on the information below.
Models are often used to explain natural phenomena. Develop a model to
show the relationship between heat energy and the motion and position
of particles in a sample of matter. Use a group of 20 students in an empty
room to represent the particles in a sample of matter.
What instruction should be given to the 20 student “particles” to
represent a liquid?
They should stay close together but start moving around.
The diagram below shows a boy observing a fish located at position B below the
surface of the water.
The boy sees the fish at position A.
The apparent position of the fish is different from the actual position of the fish.
What has happened to the light passing through the water to cause this
difference?
(1) reflection
(2) absorption
(3) compression
(4) refraction
(4) refraction
The diagram below shows two dogs pulling on a rope with constant but
unequal forces.
In which compass direction will both dogs most likely move?
(1) east
(2) west
(3) north
(4) south
(1) east
The illustration below shows a student approaching the door to a building.
Which two simple machines are being used to enable the student to reach the
door?
(1) inclined plane and pulley
(2) lever and wheel-and-axle
(3) pulley and lever
(4) wheel-and-axle and inclined plane
(4) wheel-and-axle and inclined plane
Which graph correctly shows the effect of heat energy on the motion of
molecules of matter?
(3)
The tiny particles that make up all matter are called
(1) genes
(2) atoms
(3) minerals
(4) cells
(2) atoms
The diagram below shows the relative wavelengths for several types of
electromagnetic energy.
Which type of electromagnetic energy has a shorter wavelength than
ultraviolet waves?
(1) visible light
(2) microwaves
(3) x rays
(4) infrared light
(3) x rays
A television set changes electrical energy to sound and light energy. In
this process, some energy is
(1) created
(2) destroyed
(3) changed to matter
(4) changed to heat
(4) changed to heat
Base your answers to the following questions on the graph below and on
the data table. The graph shows the amounts of three solid solutes that
will dissolve in 100 grams of water at various temperatures.
Using the graphed data,
describe the relationship
between the temperature of
the water and the amount of
solute that will dissolve.
As the temperature of the water increases,
The amount of solute dissolved increases.
The items listed below were found in a science classroom.
• a heart made of plastic with many of its parts labeled
• clay formed to look like Earth and other planets
• a giant plastic plant cell with removable cell parts
These items are all examples of
(1) models
(2) experiments
(3) variables
(4) controls
(1) models
Which graph best represents the relative distance between the particles of most
substances in their solid, liquid, and gas states?
(1)
Which scientific model could be used to predict the properties of an
element?
(1) closed loop system
(2) Punnett square
(3) Periodic Table
(4) water cycle chart
(3) Periodic Table
The diagram below shows a ball held in place by two blocks. The diameter (width)
of the ball is shown between the two blocks.
What is the diameter of the ball?
(1) 6.0 cm
(2) 8.0 cm
(3) 14.0 cm
(4) 17.0 cm
6.0 cm
The diagram below shows a boulder rolling down a hill into a
valley and then up the opposite hill.
At which position does the boulder have the greatest kinetic energy?
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(2) B
Base your answers to the following questions on the graph below, which
shows the solubility (amount that will dissolve in 100 grams of water) of
three substances at various water temperatures.
Which statement is a correct interpretation of the data in the graph?
(1) As water temperature increases, solubility decreases.
(2) As water temperature increases, solubility increases.
(3) As water temperature increases, solubility increases and then decreases.
(4) As water temperature increases, solubility decreases and then increases.
(2) As water temperature increases, solubility increases.
As the water temperature is increased from 30°C to 70°C, how many more grams of
substance A will dissolve in 100 grams of water?
(1) 20 g
(2) 40 g
(3) 50 g
(4) 90 g
(1) 20 g
Which two factors determine the gravitational attraction between
two objects?
(1) time and temperature
(2) shape and orbital speed
(3) color and hardness
(4) mass and distance apart
(4) mass and distance apart
Base your answers to the following questions on the diagrams below
and your knowledge of science. The diagrams show liquid water
changing to water vapor in four different situations.
Which observation would be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase
change?
(4) The water level in the
(1) Waves form on the top of the pond.
glass of water decreases.
(2) Water soaks into the wet sand.
(3) The water splashes out of the swimming pool.
(4) The water level in the glass of water decreases.
The diagram below shows a pinwheel rotating above a lit candle. The
arrows indicate the direction of air flow.
Which energy transformation is best shown in this diagram?
(1) heat to mechanical
(2) mechanical to light
(3) sound to heat
(4) heat to sound
(1) heat to mechanical
How is heat energy transferred within the liquid water in the pond?
(1) compound formation
(2) convection currents
(3) chemical reactions
(4) nuclear reactions
(2) convection currents
The drawing below shows a person about to lift a book using a ruler
and pencil.
This drawing illustrates an example of which simple machine?
(1) gear
(2) pulley
(3) balance
(4) lever
(4) lever
Base your answers to the following questions on the information below and on your
knowledge of science.
A student determined that shaking a container of sand caused the temperature of
the sand to rise. The student then performed a new experiment to see if shaking a
container of pebbles would cause the temperature of the pebbles to rise.
Explain why the shaking caused the temperature of the sand to rise.
Shaking the pebbles creates friction which increases the
temperature of the pebbles.
Write a hypothesis for the new experiment.
Identify the dependent (responding) variable in the new experiment.
Temperature of the pebbles.
Base your answers to thw following questions on information below and
on your knowledge of science.
Equal-sized pieces of aluminum were placed in test tubes containing
equal volumes of acid, at different temperatures. The temperature of the
acid in test tube A is 5°C. The temperature of the acid in test tube B is
20°C.
What observation would indicate that a chemical reaction is taking place in the test
tubes?
Bubbles were created when the aluminum mixed with the acid
Base your answers to thw following questions on information below and
on your knowledge of science.
Equal-sized pieces of aluminum were placed in test tubes containing
equal volumes of acid, at different temperatures. The temperature of the
acid in test tube A is 5°C. The temperature of the acid in test tube B is
20°C.
What effect does the temperature of the acid have on the rate at which the
reaction progresses?
As the temperature of the acid increases, the rate of the reaction also increases.
Base your answers to thw following questions on information below and
on your knowledge of science.
Equal-sized pieces of aluminum were placed in test tubes containing
equal volumes of acid, at different temperatures. The temperature of the
acid in test tube A is 5°C. The temperature of the acid in test tube B is
20°C.
Identify two actions the student could take to increase the reaction rate in the
test tubes.
1) Stir the aluminum and acid in the test tube.
2) Break up the aluminum pellet into smaller pieces.
Base your answers to the following questions on the information below
and on your knowledge of science.
A student adds a mixture of oil, sand, and salt to a beaker of water and
stirs. The student stops stirring and observes that the salt is no longer
visible, the oil floats to the top, and the sand sinks to the bottom of the
beaker.
Explain why the oil floats after the stirring stops.
The oil is less dense than the water so it floats.
Explain why the salt is no longer visible after the stirring stops.
The salt dissolves in the water.
Identify one way to remove the sand from the mixture in the beaker.
Use a filter to remove the sand from the water.
Water vapor changes to liquid water during which process?
(1) dissolving
(2) melting
(3) evaporation
(4) condensation
(4) condensation
The graph below shows the solubility of two different chemical
compounds.
Compared to copper sulfate, approximately how many more grams of
potassium bromide would dissolve at 90°C?
(1) 20
(2) 40
(3) 60
(4) 80
(2) 40
The diagram below shows a stationary cart on a frictionless
surface. Two unequal opposing forces are about to be applied to
the cart.
If the unequal opposing forces are applied to the cart at the same
time, what will occur?
(1) The cart will move to the left.
(2) The cart will move to the right.
(3) The cart will alternate between moving left and right.
(4) The cart will remain stationary.
(2) The cart will move to the right.
Some common substances and their chemical formulas are listed in the
chart below.
Substance
Formula
Carbonic acid
H2CO3
Oxygen
O2
Hydrochloric
acid
HCl
Carbon dioxide CO2
Water
H 2O
Helium
He
Which of these substances are elements?
(1) hydrochloric acid and carbonic acid
(2) carbon dioxide and water
(3) oxygen and helium
(4) water and oxygen
(3) oxygen and helium
A substance has a freezing point of –38°C and a boiling
point of 356°C. At what temperature would this substance
be in its liquid state?
(1) –100°C
(2) –50°C
(3) 80°C
(4) 375°C
(3) 80°C
The diagram below shows the steps necessary to produce the energy
needed to run a hair dryer.
As it moves from location A to location D in the diagram, the energy
stored in the coal
(1) is converted to solar energy
(2) reduces the friction in the hair dryer
(3) is recycled
(4) is transformed
(4) is transformed
The illustration below shows an example of energy changing forms.
Which changes in energy form are illustrated in the diagram?
(1) electrical → sound → light and mechanical
(2) sound → mechanical → light and electrical
(3) mechanical → light → sound and electrical
(4) light → electrical → mechanical and sound
(4) light → electrical → mechanical and sound
The cartoon below shows a humorous view of a law of motion.
Which statement best summarizes the scientific concept shown in the
cartoon?
(1) A falling body accelerates at a constant speed.
(2) The motion of an object is constantly changing due to magnetic
forces.
(3) The force of friction causes an object in motion to move faster.
(4) A body in motion will remain in motion unless influenced by an
outside force.
(4) A body in motion will remain in motion unless influenced by an
outside force.
The pie chart below compares the amounts of energy from different
sources used in the United States each year.
Which two energy sources together provide more than 50% of the
energy needs of the United States?
(1) nuclear and natural gas
(2) hydropower and oil
(3) oil and coal
(4) natural gas and coal
(3) oil and coal
A student goes skateboarding a few times a week. The student notices that she can
go faster while skating on some level surfaces than on others. She hypothesizes
that speed has something to do with the surface she is skating on. The student
wants to design an experiment to test this hypothesis.
Identify the independent (manipulated) variable in the experiment.
The surface she skates on.
Identify the dependent (responding) variable in the experiment.
The speed the skater can go.
Identify two factors that will need to be held constant in the experiment.
1) The force she uses to push the skateboard.
2) The amount of time recorded in the experiment.
Base your answers to the following questions on the diagram below. The
diagram shows the relative strengths of the gravitational force for planets
of different masses. The size of each planet represents the planet's
relative mass. The arrow length indicates the relative amount of
gravitational pull that each planet would exert on an astronaut in space.
What is the relationship between the mass of the planets and the relative
strength of their gravitational pull?
The greater the mass of the planet, the stronger its gravitational pull.
Which three planets shown have less gravitational pull than Earth?
1) Mars
2) Mercury
3) Pluto
Base your answers to the following questions on the diagram and
information below.
A student made a rocket balloon using an inflated balloon, a straw, a long
piece of string, two poles, and some tape. It looked similar to the diagram
below.
Air
Balloon
On the diagram above draw and label arrows to show the motion of the air and the
motion of the balloon that would occur when the student releases the inflated
balloon.
Why is marking the starting position important if the student wants to calculate
the average speed of the balloon?
It allows him to measure the total distance covered in the total amount of time.
The motion of a Foucault pendulum provides evidence of
(1) the Sun’s rotation
(2) the Sun’s revolution
(3) Earth’s rotation
(4) Earth’s revolution
(3) Earth’s rotation
The wheels and gears of a machine are greased in order to decrease
(1) potential energy
(2) efficiency
(3) output
(4) friction
(4) friction
Sand and iron particles that are similar in size and color are mixed together in
a beaker. What would be the best method of separating the particles?
(1) Use tweezers to separate them.
(2) Use a magnet to separate them.
(3) Add water to the mixture.
(4) Pour the mixture into a filter.
(4) Pour the mixture into a filter.
Which action forms a different chemical substance?
(1) crushing a rock
(2) burning a piece of wood
(3) mixing salt and pepper
(4) melting an ice cube
(2) burning a piece of wood
The diagram below shows the geometric structure of a molecule of water
(H2O).
What do the symbols
(1) genetic material
(2) chemical bonds
(3) cells
(4) atoms
and
represent in the model?
(4) atoms
The data table below shows the mass of an 800-gram block of ice as it
melts to a 600-gram block of ice.
Mass of Block of
Time
Ice
(minutes)
(grams)
0
800
15
750
30
700
45
650
60
600
If the current rate of melting continues, how many more minutes will
be required for the 600-gram block of ice to reach a mass of 400
grams?
(1) 15
(2) 30
(3) 45
(4) 60
(4) 60
Which graph shows that more grams of a substance can be dissolved in
water as the water temperature increases?
(3)
Which instrument could be used to determine the volume of an
irregularly shaped solid?
(4)
An object accelerates at 3 meters per second2 when a 10-newton (N) force is
applied to it.
Which force would cause this object to accelerate at 6 meters per second2?
(1) 5 N
(2) 10 N
(3) 20 N
(4) 30 N
(3) 20 N
The diagram below shows a rock suspended above an overflow container
filled with water
up to the overflow spout. A graduated cylinder is positioned next to the
container to collect water
that comes out of the overflow spout.
Which property of the rock can be directly determined when the rock is
placed
in the overflow container?
(1) mass
(3) volume
(2) density
(3) volume
(4) hardness
Which process is an example of a physical change?
(1) wood burning
(2) iron rusting
(3) ice melting
(4) milk souring
(3) ice melting
Which statement best describes the energy changes that occur while a child
is riding on a sled down a steep, snow-covered hill?
(1) Kinetic energy decreases and potential energy increases.
(2) Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases.
(3) Both potential energy and kinetic energy decrease.
(4) Both potential energy and kinetic energy increase.
(2) Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases.
The graph below shows the heating curve for substance X.
At approximately which temperature does a phase change begin?
(1) - 30°C
(2) -10°C
(3) 0°C
(4) 18°C
(4) 18°C
All matter is made up of
(1) cells
(2) atoms
(3) molecules
(4) compounds
(2) atoms
The diagram below shows water being heated in a flask. The flask has a
rubber stopper with a glass tube extending through it. The current level
of the water in the glass tube is indicated. The temperature of the water
is 25°C.
If heating continues, the water in the glass tube will most likely
(1) turn into a solid
(2) become more dense
(3) move into the flask
(4) rise higher in the tube
(4) rise higher in the tube
The diagram below shows a model of a sample of gas particles at
room temperature.
Which diagram best shows the results of removing heat from this
sample until it freezes?
(1)
The diagram below shows a spinning water sprinkler. Water comes
through a hose and is sprayed by the sprinkler.
Which principle best explains why the sprinkler spins?
(1) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
(2) Solid substances are usually more dense than liquid substances.
(3) Energy is released when water condenses.
(4) Most substances expand when heated and contract when cooled.
(1) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
The gravitational force between the Moon and Earth depends
on
(1) their masses, only
(2) their diameters, only
(3) their masses and how far apart they are
(4) their diameters and how far apart they are
(3) their masses and how far apart they are
The diagram below shows a hammer being used by a person to remove
a nail from a piece of wood.
The hammer is being used as which type of simple machine?
(1) wheel and axle
(2) inclined plane
(3) lever
(4) pulley
(3) lever
A student rubs her hands together on a cold winter day. The heat that warms
her hands is produced by
(1) friction
(2) gravity
(3) light
(4) magnetism
(1)
friction
When carbon and oxygen combine chemically, the mass of the product is
(1) greater than the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen
(2) equal to the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen
(3) equal to the mass of the carbon
(4) less than the mass of the carbon
(2) equal to the mass of the carbon plus the mass of the oxygen
During which phase change is heat energy absorbed by a substance?
(1) liquid to gas
(2) gas to solid
(3) liquid to solid
(4) gas to liquid
(1) liquid to gas
Base your answer to the question on the information below and on your
knowledge of science.
A baseball strikes the roof of a car and dents it. The paint on the roof begins to
crack and chip, exposing the metal. The exposed metal on the roof rusts, eventually
causing a small hole in the roof.
Which event is a chemical change?
(1) The baseball strikes the roof.
(2) The roof of the car dents.
(3) The paint cracks and chips.
(4) The exposed metal rusts.
(4) The exposed metal rusts.
The diagram below shows a student using a spring scale to pull a
wooden block up a ramp that is resting on a stack of books.
Which change would require more force to pull the wooden block up the
ramp?
(1) Have the student use two hands.
(2) Reduce the mass of the wooden block.
(3) Restack the books so the thinnest book is on the bottom.
(4) Glue sandpaper to the surface of the ramp.
(4) Glue sandpaper to the surface of the ramp.
Water at 20°C in an uncovered pan is evaporating very slowly.
What could be done to the water to make it evaporate more quickly?
(1) Cover it.
(2) Heat it.
(3) Place it in the dark.
(4) Put salt in it.
(1) Cover it.
The diagram below shows a Bunsen burner heating a beaker of water on a
beaker stand. The arrows represent the transfer of heat energy in the
water.
Which process is primarily responsible for the transfer of heat
indicated by the arrows in the beaker of water?
(1) conduction
(2) convection
(3) radiation
(2) convection
(4) condensation
Which object represents a simple machine?
(2)
Base your answer to the question on the information and graphs below and on
your knowledge of science.
Some species of bacteria are harmful. Antibiotics are chemicals that kill
bacteria. Some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics and are not killed by these
chemicals. Over time, the resistant bacteria can reproduce and create populations
that are not affected by antibiotics. The graphs below show the results of a
controlled experiment that measured the population of one species of bacteria
that had been grown in four containers under identical conditions. Different
antibiotics were added to three of the four containers.
Which conclusion about this species of bacteria is best supported by the
information in the graphs?
(1) Antibiotic A continuously slowed the growth.
(2) Antibiotic B was least effective in controlling the growth.
(3) Antibiotic C was most effective in controlling the growth.
(4) Antibiotics A and B slowed the growth.
(3) Antibiotic C was most effective in controlling the growth.
The control in this experiment is represented by the container with
(1) antibiotic A added
(2) antibiotic B added
(3) antibiotic C added
(4) no antibiotic added
(4) no antibiotic added
Which sequence of energy transformations occurs after a batteryoperated flashlight is turned on?
(4) Chemical  electrical  light
The gravitational force between two objects depends on the distance between
the objects and each object's
(1) mass
(2) volume
(3) pressure
(4) temperature
(1) mass
Which diagram best represents molecules of matter in the solid phase?
(2)
Base your answers to following questions on the information and diagram
below and on your knowledge of science.
During an experiment, a strip of magnesium (Mg) metal wrapped around a
nichrome (nonreactive) wire is placed in a flask. The nichrome wire
outside the flask is insulated. The contents of the flask are sealed off from
the environment with a rubber stopper. When the nichrome wire is
connected to a battery, an electric current passes through the wire,
causing a white powder called magnesium oxide (MgO) to form.
The flask and its contents had a mass of 120 grams before the experiment
and a mass of 120 grams after the experiment. Which conclusion can best
be made from these measurements?
(1) A phase change took place.
(2) Energy was destroyed.
(3) Matter was conserved.
(4) New elements were formed.
(3) Matter was conserved.
The chemical change that occurred in the flask is most similar to
(1) burning a piece of coal
(2) freezing water in a container
(3) breaking a piece of wood into many pieces
(4) bending a wire to form a hook
(1) burning a piece of coal
The graph below shows the distance traveled by four cars, A, B, C, and D,
over a period of time.
The average speed of a moving object can be determined by using the
equation below.
Which car traveled at an average speed of 20 kilometers per hour?
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(2) B
(4) D
The diagram below shows a triple-beam balance.
What is the maximum mass, in grams, that could be measured by this
balance?
(1) 110
(2) 500
(3) 610
(4) 1510
(3) 610
A student is trying to dissolve 20 grams of sugar in a beaker containing
250 milliliters of water at room temperature. What can the student do to
make the sugar dissolve faster in the water?
(1) decrease the temperature of the water
(2) use larger pieces of sugar
(3) stir rapidly
(4) use less water
(3) stir rapidly
Base your answer to the following question on the portion of the Periodic
Table of the Elements shown below and on your knowledge of science.
The elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are all found in the
same group (17) on the table. These elements are grouped together
because they
(1) are metals
(2) react in similar ways
(3) have the same atomic mass
(4) are noble gases
(2) react in similar ways
Water (H2O) is not found on the Periodic Table of the Elements because
water is
(1) an atom
(2) a liquid
(3) a mixture
(4) a compound
(4) a compound
The force of an object, with a certain mass accelerating at a certain rate,
can be determined by using the equation below.
force = mass X acceleration
Which object would have the greatest force?
(1) a 5-kg object accelerating at 10 m/s²
(2) a 5-kg object accelerating at 20 m/s²
(3) a 20-kg object accelerating at 4 m/s²
(4) a 20-kg object accelerating at 3 m/s²
(3) a 20-kg object accelerating at 4 m/s²
The diagrams below show two ways of loading a box into a truck.
The person using the track with the rollers uses less energy to load the
box because the rollers reduce the
(1) mass of the box
(2) distance traveled by the box
(3) force of gravity
(4) force of friction
(4) force of friction
The diagram below shows a sugar cube that has been placed in a
container of water. The sugar cube will dissolve in the water.
Describe two ways to make this sugar cube dissolve more quickly in the
water.
(1) Crush the sugar cube.
(2) Heat the water.
An experiment was conducted to observe the effects of acid on chalk, a
form of calcium carbonate. Three pieces of chalk were carved with the
same pattern and placed in test tubes A, B, and C. Equal volumes of water
were added to test tubes A and B. The student blew through a straw into
test tube B for five minutes, producing bubbles. An equal volume of
vinegar (acetic acid) was added to test tube C and bubbles were
produced.
The next day, the student observed and recorded the results shown in the
data table below.
What was the purpose of test tube A in this experiment?
To act as the control for the experiment.
Which test tube(s) showed signs of a chemical change?
Test tubes B & C
Base your answers to the following questions on the diagram below
and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows a model of the
water cycle.
Explain why the level of the muddy water will decrease slightly if the model is left in
a sunny location for several days.
Evaporation will cause the muddy water to decrease.
What water cycle process is represented by the drops of clean water falling into
the glass
Precipitation
Base your answers to the following questions on the diagrams below
and on your knowledge of science. The diagrams show a student
using a bow and arrow. The bow string on the bow is used to propel
the arrow forward.
State one change the student could make, without changing the angle at which
the bow is held, so that the arrow would travel a greater distance.
Pull the string of the bow back farther.
Describe how gravity affects the path of the arrow after it has been released.
Gravity will cause the arrow fall to the ground.