Biology
Ch. 14 Review
How many chromosomes are
shown in a normal human
karyotype?
1.
2.
3.
4.
2
23
44
46
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following are
shown in a karyotype?
1. homologous
chromosomes
2. sex chromosomes
3. autosomes
4. all of the above
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following can be
observed in a karyotype?
1. a change in a
DNA base
2. an extra
chromosome
3. genes
4. alleles
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
In humans, a male has
1. one X chromosome
only.
2. two X chromosomes.
3. one X chromosome
and one Y
chromosome.
4. two Y chromosomes.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Human females produce egg cells
that have
1. one X chromosome.
2. two X chromosomes.
3. one X or one Y
chromosome.
4. one X and one Y
chromosome.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
What is the approximate probability
that a human offspring will be female?
1.
2.
3.
4.
10%
25%
50%
75%
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
What percentage of human sperm
cells carry an X chromosome?
1. 0%
2. 25%
3. 50%
4. 100%
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
A human female inherits
1. one copy of every gene located on
each of the X chromosomes.
2. twice as many sex chromosomes
as a human male inherits.
3. one copy of every gene located on
the Y chromosome.
4. all of the same genes that a
human male inherits.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
In a pedigree, a circle represents
a(an)
1. male.
2. female.
3. child.
4. adult.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
A pedigree can be used to
1. determine whether a trait is
inherited.
2. show how a trait is passed from
one generation to the next.
3. determine whether an allele is
dominant or recessive.
4. all of the above
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following would you
be least likely to see in a pedigree?
1. All of the symbols are
unshaded.
2. All of the symbols are shaded.
3. All of the symbols are squares.
4. About half of the symbols are
circles.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following is caused
by a dominant allele?
1. Huntington’s
disease
2. PKU
3. Tay-Sachs disease
4. none of the above
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following is
determined by multiple alleles?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Rh blood group
ABO blood group
PKU
Huntington’s
disease
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
A person who has PKU
1. inherited the recessive allele
for the trait from one parent.
2. inherited the recessive allele
for the trait from both
parents.
3. is heterozygous for the trait.
4. will not pass the allele for the
trait to his or her offspring.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following
genotypes result in the same
phenotype?
1.
2.
3.
4.
IAIA and IAIB
IBIB and IBi
IBIB and IAIB
IBi and ii
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
If a man with blood type A and a
woman with blood type B produce
an offspring, what might be the
offspring’s blood type?
1.
2.
3.
4.
AB or O
A, B, or O
A, B, AB, or O
AB only
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following statements is NOT
true?
1. A person with Huntington’s disease
might not pass the allele for the disease
to his or her offspring.
2. A person with Huntington’s disease
might be homozygous for the disease.
3. Huntington’s disease is caused by a
recessive allele.
4. A person who inherits one allele for
Huntington’s disease will develop the
disease.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Sickle cell disease is caused by a
1. change in one DNA
base.
2. change in the size of a
chromosome.
3. change in two genes.
4. change in the number of
chromosomes in a cell.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
In cystic fibrosis, a change in a single gene
causes the protein called CFTR to
1. become less soluble.
2. fold improperly.
3. destroy the cell
membrane.
4. transport sodium ions
instead of chloride ions.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Compared with normal hemoglobin,
the hemoglobin of a person with
sickle cell disease
1. is longer.
2. is shorter.
3. has a different sequence
of amino acids.
4. is wider.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following does
NOT lead to cystic fibrosis?
1. missing codon in mRNA
2. shorter CFTR
polypeptide chain
3. point mutation
4. absence of CFTR in cell
membrane
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
People who are heterozygous for sickle cell
disease are generally healthy because
1. they are resistant to malaria.
2. they usually have some normal
hemoglobin in their red blood cells.
3. their abnormal hemoglobin usually
doesn’t cause their red blood cells to
become sickle shaped.
4. they do not produce abnormal
hemoglobin.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The sequencing of human chromosomes 21 and 22
showed that
1. some regions of chromosomes do
not code for proteins.
2. all of the DNA of chromosomes
codes for proteins.
3. different chromosomes have the
same number of genes.
4. different chromosomes contain
the same number of DNA bases.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Alleles found on the same
chromosomes
1. are dominant.
2. are never separated
by recombination.
3. are linked.
4. contain repetitive
DNA.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The long stretches of repetitive DNA
in chromosomes 21 and 22 are
unstable sites
1.
2.
3.
4.
that contain genes.
where rearrangements occur.
that cause genetic disorders.
that do not allow crossingover to occur.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Most sex-linked genes are
located on
1.
2.
3.
4.
the autosomes.
the X chromosome only.
the Y chromosome only.
both the X chromosome
and the Y chromosome.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Colorblindness is more common in
males than in females because
1. fathers pass the allele for
colorblindness to their sons only.
2. the allele for colorblindness is located
on the Y chromosome.
3. the allele for colorblindness is
recessive and located on the X
chromosome.
4. males who are colorblind have two
copies of the allele for colorblindness.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following statements is true?
1. Females cannot have
hemophilia.
2. The father of a colorblind
boy may be colorblind.
3. A sex-linked allele cannot be
dominant.
4. The mother of a colorblind
boy must be colorblind.
0% 0% 0% 0%
1
2
3
4
Which of the following form(s) a Barr body?
1. the Y chromosome in a male
cell
2. the X chromosome in a male
cell
3. one of the X chromosomes in
a female cell
4. both of the X chromosomes
in a female cell
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The formation of a Barr body
1. causes the genes on one of the
X chromosomes in a female cell
to be switched off.
2. always causes the same X
chromosome in a female’s cells
to be switched off.
3. switches on the Y chromosome
in a male cell.
4. none of the above
0% 0% 0% 0%
1
2
3
4
A cat that has spots of only one
color
1.
2.
3.
4.
has no Barr bodies.
must be a male.
must be a female.
may be a male or a
female.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The failure of chromosomes to
separate during meiosis is called
1. nondisjunction.
2. X-chromosome
inactivation.
3. Turner’s syndrome.
4. Down syndrome.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Because the X chromosome contains genes that
are vital for normal development, no baby
has been born
1. with one X chromosome.
2. with three X
chromosomes.
3. without an X
chromosome.
4. with four X chromosomes.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following combinations
of sex chromosomes represents a
female?
1.
2.
3.
4.
XY
XXY
XXXY
XX
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
If nondisjunction occurs during meiosis,
1. only two gametes may
form instead of four.
2. some gametes may have an
extra copy of some genes.
3. the chromatids do not
separate.
4. it occurs during prophase.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Nondisjunction can involve
1. autosomes.
2. sex chromosomes.
3. homologous
chromosomes.
4. all of the above
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Scientists test for alleles that cause
human genetic disorders by
1. making karyotypes.
2. making DNA
fingerprints.
3. detecting the DNA
sequences found in those
alleles.
4. making pedigrees.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The process of DNA fingerprinting
is based on the fact that
1. the most important genes are
different among most people.
2. no two people, except identical
twins, have exactly the same
DNA.
3. most genes are dominant.
4. most people have DNA that
contains repeats.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
What conclusion CANNOT be made from two DNA
fingerprints that show identical patterns of bands?
1. The DNA from the two DNA fingerprints
almost certainly came from the same
person.
2. The DNA from the two DNA fingerprints
definitely came from two different people.
3. The DNA from the two DNA fingerprints
was separated by size.
4. The DNA repeats that formed the bands in
each DNA fingerprint are the same length.
0% 0% 0% 0%
1
2
3
4
The Human Genome Project is an
attempt to
1. make a DNA fingerprint of
every person’s DNA.
2. sequence all human DNA.
3. cure human diseases.
4. identify alleles in human
DNA that are recessive.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The human genome was sequenced
1. by sequencing each gene on
each chromosome, one at a
time.
2. using DNA fingerprinting.
3. by looking for overlapping
regions between sequenced
DNA fragments.
4. using open reading frames.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following information CANNOT
be obtained from the Human Genome Project?
1. causes of genetic disorders
2. amino acid sequences of
human proteins
3. locations of genes on
chromosomes
4. whether an allele is dominant
or recessive
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
The purpose of gene therapy is to
1. cure genetic disorders.
2. determine the
sequences of genes.
3. remove mutations from
genes.
4. change dominant alleles
to recessive alleles.
0%
1
0%
0%
2
3
0%
4
Which of the following is the first step in
gene therapy?
1. splicing the normal gene to viral
DNA
2. allowing recombinant viruses to
infect human cells
3. using restriction enzymes to cut
out the normal gene from DNA
4. identifying the faulty gene that
causes the disease
0% 0%
1
2
0%
3
0%
4
Gene therapy is successful if the
1. viruses carrying the replacement
gene infect the person’s cells.
2. replacement gene is replicated in
the person’s cells.
3. replacement gene is transcribed in
the person’s cells.
4. replacement gene is successfully
spliced to viral DNA.
0% 0% 0% 0%
1
2
3
4
In a human karyotype, 44 of the
chromosomes are autosomes.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
In a human karyotype, 23
chromosome pairs are similar in
size and shape.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
In humans, the mother
determines the sex of the
offspring.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
In a pedigree, if a mother is represented
by a shaded circle and a father is
represented by a shaded square, their
children can be represented by either
shaded or unshaded circles or squares.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
A pedigree showing the inheritance of
Huntington’s disease within a family
would show shaded symbols for people
with the disease.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
If a person has blood type A, he
or she cannot receive a blood
transfusion from a person with
blood type O.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Two parents who have
Huntington’s disease may
produce an offspring who does
not have Huntington’s disease.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Chromosome 22 contains long
stretches of DNA that do not
code for proteins.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
A dominant X-linked trait would
be more common in males than
in females.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
If a cat has both orange and black
spots, it is homozygous for the
alleles on the X chromosome that
code for spot color.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
A person who has Down
syndrome has two copies of
chromosome 21.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Males generally do not have Barr
bodies.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
DNA fingerprinting analyzes
sections of DNA that have little
or no known function but are
similar from person to person.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
To locate genes within the human
DNA sequence, scientists look
for open reading frames within
the sequence.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2
Information from the Human
Genome Project can be used to
learn more about human diseases.
1. True
2. False
0%
1
0%
2