William S. Klug Michael R. Cummings Charlotte A. Spencer Concepts of Genetics Eighth Edition Chapter 21 Dissection of Gene Function: Mutational Analysis in Model Organisms Geneticists Use Model Organisms That Are Genetically Tractable Features of Genetic Model Organisms Yeast as a Genetic Model Organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae Figure 21-1 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-2 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Drosophila as a Genetic Model Organism Figure 21-4 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-5 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. The Mouse as a Genetic Model Organism Geneticists Dissect Gene Function Using Mutations and Forward Genetics Generating Mutants with Radiation, Chemicals, and Transposon Insertion Screening for Mutants Figure 21-7 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-8 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Selecting for Mutants Defining the Genes (how many?) Figure 21-9 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Dissecting Genetic Networks: Epistasis and Pathways Figure 21-10 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Extending the Analysis: Suppressors and Enhancers Figure 21-11 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Extending the Analysis: Cloning the Genes Extending the Analysis: Biochemical Functions Geneticists Dissect Gene Function Using Genomics and Reverse Genetics Genetic Analysis Beginning with a Purified Protein Figure 21-12 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 19-21 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-13 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Genetic Analysis Beginning with a Mutant Model Organism (functional complementation) Genetic Analysis Beginning with the Cloned Gene Figure 21-14 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-15 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-16 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Geneticists Dissect Gene Function Using Genomics and Reverse Genetics Genetic Analysis Using Gene Targeting Technologies Figure 21-17 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-18 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-18a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-18b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Figure 21-19 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Geneticists Dissect Gene Function Using Functional Genomic and RNAi Technologies RNAi: Genetics without Mutations Figure 21-20 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. High-Throughput Functional Genomics Techniques Gene Expression Microarrays Genome-Wide Mapping of Protein–DNA Binding Sites Figure 21-21 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Geneticists Advance Our Understanding of Molecular Processes by Undertaking Genetic Research in Model Organisms: Three Case Studies Yeast: Cell Cycle Genes Drosophila: The Heidelberg Screens The Mouse: A Model for ALS Gene Therapy Figure 21-22 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. 21.5 Geneticists Advance Our Understanding of Molecular Processes by Undertaking Genetic Research in Model Organisms: Three Case Studies 21.5.2 Drosophila: The Heidelberg Screens Figure 21-26 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. 21.5 Geneticists Advance Our Understanding of Molecular Processes by Undertaking Genetic Research in Model Organisms: Three Case Studies 21.5.3 The Mouse: A Model for ALS Gene Therapy Figure 21-29 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.