Which of the following is not true of
Griffith’s transformation experiment:
1. Rough bacteria were
pathogenic
2. Dead smooth
bacteria were used to
transform living
rough bacteria
3. Smooth bacteria have
a capsule
4. Heat killed smooth
bacteria were not
pathogenic
53%
27%
13%
7%
1
2
3
4
This technique was used by Franklin and Wilkins to
obtain much of the physical information about DNA
structure:
1. Centrifugation
2. X-ray diffraction
3. Use of heavy
isotopes
4. transformation
50%
33%
13%
4%
1
2
3
4
Mismatch repair is:
1. Due to UV radiation
2. Necessitated by the
formation of T-T
dimers
3. Necessitated by the
occurrence of
chromosomal
duplication
4. Carried out by DNA
polymerase
57%
19%
14%
10%
1
2
3
4
Experiments by these individuals were strongly
supportive of DNA being the genetic material:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Griffith
Messelson and Stahl
Hershey and Chase
Gorter and Grendle
Franklin and Wilkins
50%
25%
17%
8%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
According to the “Central Dogma”
1. Mutation does not
occur
2. Mistakes in
replication are
corrected
3. DNA is translated
into protein
4. DNA is transcribed
into RNA
61%
22%
13%
4%
1
2
3
4
Which of the following statements
about DNA is false?
1. Adenine is
complementary with
guanine
2. DNA is antiparallel
3. A nucleotide has a
sugar, phosphate, and
one of four bases
4. It contains two
polynucleotide
strands
71%
5%
1
2
10%
3
14%
4
If the two DNA strands separate and each parent strand
serves as a template for a new strand, DNA replication
is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Conservative
Dispersive
Semiconservative
None of the above
70%
26%
4%
1
2
0%
3
4
This DNA replication enzyme is used a single time in
replicating the leading strand and multiple times when
replicating the lagging strand
1.
2.
3.
4.
DNA ligase
DNA helicase
RNA polymerase
RNA primase
30%
30%
25%
15%
1
2
3
4
Which of the following investigators was/were responsible for the following discovery?
Phage with labeled proteins or DNA was allowed to infect bacteria. It was shown that
the DNA, but not the protein, entered the bacterial cells, and was therefore concluded
to be the genetic material.
A) Frederick Griffith
B) Alfred Hershey and Martha
Chase
C) Oswald Avery, Maclyn
McCarty, and Colin MacLeod
D) Erwin Chargaff
E) Matthew Meselson and
Franklin Stahl
44%
22%
17%
11%
6%
1
2
3
4
5
Which of the following covalently
connects segments of DNA?
A) helicase
B) DNA polymerase
C) ligase
D) toposiomerase
E) primase
41%
23%
14%
14%
9%
1
2
3
4
5
Which of the following is not a
characteristic of the genetic code?
A. It’s a triplet code
B. It’s a universal code
C. It’s a redundant code
D. It’s an overlapping
code
38%
31%
19%
12%
1
2
3
4
In order to transcribe a eukaryotic gene into an m-rna,
all of the following are required except:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
a promotor
a start codon
Transcription factors
RNA polymerase
A TATA box
63%
19%
13%
6%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
If a mutation changes a codon that specifies an amino
acid into a stop codon, that mutation is called
1. A missense
mutation
2. A frameshift
mutation
3. A nonsense
mutation
4. An induced
mutation
65%
15%
15%
5%
1
2
3
4
Post transcriptional modification of
m-rna includes:
1. Adding a 3’Poly A
tail
2. Adding a 5’ cap
3. Removing introns
4. 1 and 2
5. All of the above
65%
15%
15%
5%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
Introns
1. Are junk DNA with no
known function
2. Are found in all types of
rna
3. Allow one gene to produce
several different
polypeptide chains by
alternative splicing
4. Are noncoding regions of a
gene
5. 3 and 4 are correct
20%
1
20%
20%
2
3
20%
4
20%
5
Wobble is a concept associated with
this molecule
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
DNA
T-rna
R-rna
M-rna
Sn-rna
45%
32%
14%
9%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
Aminoacyl t-rna synthetases are involved in joining these two
types of molecules together:
1. RNA polymerase
and transcription
factors
2. T-rna and amino
acids
3. T-rna and ribosomes
4. T-rna and m-rna
77%
15%
8%
0%
1
2
3
4
From the following list, which is the
first event in translation in eukaryotes?
A) elongation of the polypeptide
B) base pairing of activated methioninetRNA to AUG of the messenger RNA
C) the larger ribosomal subunit binds to
smaller ribosomal subunits
D) covalent bonding between the first two
amino acids
E) the small subunit of the ribosome
recognizes and attaches to the 5' cap of
mRNA
20%
1
20%
20%
2
3
20%
4
20%
5
As a ribosome translocates along an mRNA molecule by
one codon, which of the following occurs?
A) The tRNA that was in the A site moves
into the P site.
B) The tRNA that was in the P site moves
into the A site.
C) The tRNA that was in the A site moves
to the E site and is released.
D) The tRNA that was in the A site departs
from the ribosome via a tunnel.
E) The polypeptide enters the E site.
68%
21%
5%
5%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
Which of the following DNA mutations is the most likely to be
damaging to the protein it specifies?
A) a base-pair deletion
B) a codon substitution
C) a substitution in the last
base of a codon
D) a codon deletion
38%
31%
23%
E) a point mutation
8%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
A mutation that involves substitution of one nucleotide for
another in a gene is called:
1. A frameshift
mutation
2. A deletion mutation
3. A point mutation
4. A silent mutation
5. A nonsense
mutation
67%
19%
14%
0%
1
2
0%
3
4
5
The Ames test is used to:
1. See if cells are transcribing
genes
2. Test for the presence of
Okasaki fragments
3. Determine if a substance is
a mutagen and, thus, a
possible carcinogen
4. Check lab animals for
tumors
5. Determine if introns have
been removed from m-rna
75%
20%
5%
1
2
3
0%
0%
4
5
Each of the following options is a modification of the sentence
THECATATETHERAT. Which of the following is analogous to a
frameshift mutation?
A) THERATATETHECAT
B) THETACATETHERAT
C) THECATARETHERAT
D) THECATATTHERAT
E) CATATETHERAT
60%
20%
10%
10%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
Which of the following help(s) to stabilize mRNA by inhibiting its
degradation?
A) TATA box
B) spliceosomes
C) 5' cap and poly (A)
tail
D) introns
E) RNA polymerase
42%
21%
17%
13%
8%
1
2
3
4
5
A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl synthetase that
attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of a
phenylalanine. The consequence of this for the cell will be that
A) none of the proteins in the cell will
contain phenylalanine.
B) proteins in the cell will include lysine
instead of phenylalanine at amino acid
positions specified by the codon UUU.
C) the cell will compensate for the defect
by attaching phenylalanine to tRNAs with
lysine-specifying anticodons.
D) the ribosome will skip a codon every
time a UUU is encountered.
E) None of the above will occur; the cell
will recognize the error and destroy the
tRNA.
70%
20%
10%
0%
1
0%
2
3
4
5
For a science fair project, two students decided to repeat the Hershey and Chase experiment,
with modifications. They decided to label the nitrogen of the DNA, rather than the phosphate.
They reasoned that each nucleotide has only one phosphate and two to five nitrogens. Thus,
labeling the nitrogens would provide a stronger signal than labeling the phosphates. Why won't
this experiment work?
A) There is no radioactive isotope of nitrogen.
B) Radioactive nitrogen has a half-life of
100,000 years, and the material would be too
dangerous for too long.
C) Avery et al. have already concluded that this
experiment showed inconclusive results.
D) Although there are more nitrogens in a
nucleotide, labeled phosphates actually have
16 extra neutrons; therefore, they are more
radioactive.
E) Amino acids (and thus proteins) also have
nitrogen atoms; thus, the radioactivity would
not distinguish between DNA and proteins.
25%
25%
25%
25%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
At a specific area of a chromosome, the sequence of nucleotides below is present where the
chain opens to form a replication fork:
3' C C T A G G C T G C A A T C C 5'
An RNA primer is formed starting at the underlined T (T) of the template. Which of the following
represents the primer sequence?
A) 5' G C C T A G G 3'
B) 3' G C C T A G G 5'
C) 5' A C G T T A G G 3'
D) 5' A C G U U A G G 3'
E) 5' G C C U A G G 3'
40%
20%
20%
20%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
In which of the following actions does RNA primase differ from
DNA polymerase?
A) RNA polymerase uses RNA as a template,
and DNA polymerase uses a DNA template.
B) RNA polymerase binds to single-stranded
DNA, and DNA polymerase binds to doublestranded DNA.
C) RNA polymerase is much more accurate than
DNA polymerase.
D) RNA polymerase can initiate RNA synthesis,
but DNA polymerase requires a primer to
initiate DNA synthesis.
E) RNA polymerase does not need to separate
the two strands of DNA in order to synthesize
an RNA copy, whereas DNA polymerase must
unwind the double helix before it can replicate
the DNA.
45%
27%
18%
9%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
What are the coding segments of a
stretch of eukaryotic DNA called?
A) introns
B) exons
C) codons
D) replicons
E) transposons
75%
20%
5%
1
2
3
0%
0%
4
5