DNA Structure and Replication
Get a white board, marker, and
eraser
DNA is a polymer of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
nucleosides
fatty acids
monosaccharides
Nucleotides
Identify
#5
#7
#6
#1
#2
#3
#4
Which diagram illustrates the correct
structure of a segment of a DNA molecule?
The "rungs" of the DNA ladder are made of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
phosphates and hydrogen
glucose and sugars
sugars and phosphates
base pairs
The DNA molecule is held together by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Chuck Norris
Glucose
hydrogen bonds
Glue
The sugar found in DNA is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Splenda
Deoxyribose
Ribose
Glucose
The two men who established the
structure of DNA were:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mendel and Crick
Watson and Crick
Holmes and Watson
Darwin and Lamarke
Which of the following DNA sequences
is complementary to 5’ TAGAC 3’?
A.
B.
C.
D.
5’ TAGAC 3’
3’ ATCTG 5’
5’ GTCTA 3’
5’ CAGAT 3’
According to Chargaff’s rule, which of
the following statements about
double-stranded DNA is TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A = T and C = G
A+G=C+T
A+T=C+G
A and B
A, B, and C
If a DNA molecule is found to be composed
of 40% thymine, what percentage of
guanine would be expected?
A.
B.
C.
D.
10%
20%
40%
80%
DNA replication results in:
A. 2 completely new DNA molecules
B. 2 DNA molecules that each
contain a strand of the original
C. 1 new DNA molecule, 1 old
molecule is conserved
D. 1 new molecule of RNA
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which molecules make up the
nucleotides of DNA?
Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen
base
Sugar, phosphate, nucleotide base
Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine, and
Cytosine
Sugar, protein group, nitrogen
base
Identify
#1 = nitrogen bases
#2 = sugar-phosphate backbone
Which series is arranged in correct
order according to decreasing size of
structures?
A. DNA, nucleus, chromosome, nucleotide,
nitrogenous base
B. Nucleotide, chromosome, nitrogenous base,
nucleus, DNA
C. Nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide,
nitrogenous base
D. Chromosome, nucleus, nitrogenous base,
nucleotide, DNA
Which two bases are present in equal
amounts in a double-stranded DNA
molecule?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cytosine and Thymine
Adenine and Thymine
Adenine and Uracil
Cytosine and Uracil
Which set of statements correctly describes the
relationships among the terms chromosome, genes,
and nuclei?
A. Chromosomes are found on genes. Genes
are found in nuclei
B. Chromosomes are found in nuclei. Nuclei are
found in genes
C. Genes are found on chromosomes,
Chromosomes are found in nuclei
D. Genes are found in nuclei. Nuclei are found in
chromosomes.
In the diagram, what substances is
represented by the letter x?
A. Nitrogenous base
B. Deoxyribose
C. Phosphate
Group
A. adenine
What did the Human Genome Project
accomplish?
• Sequenced the Human Genome
– 3.3 billion pairs of A’s, T’s, G’s, and C’s
Describe the process of DNA
replication
1. DNA replication occurs when a
strand of DNA is unzipped down the
middle between its hydrogen bonds.
2. When the double-stranded DNA is
unzipped, each side serves as a
template, and free nucleotides bind
to each of the single strands.
3. Two double strands of DNA are
made, each containing the same
nucleotide sequence.
4. Each is composed of one original
strand and one new strand.
Which part of the nucleic acid carries the
genetic informatin?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Deoxyribose sugars
Phosphate groups
Nitrogen bases
Hydrogen bonds
Why must DNA replication produce
two identical copies of DNA?
• DNA replication occurs in the S phase and
each daughter cell receives a complete copy
during the M phase (Mitosis).
• Since DNA is the “instructions” for making
proteins each cell needs an accurate copy so it
can perform its functions correctly.
In the cells of eukaryotic organisms, DNA is
contained in the
A.
B.
C.
D.
nucleus
cytoplasm
Cell membrane
ribosome