RDH-WP4
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Spokesperson: D. Lo Presti
Participants: S. Aiello, D. L. Bonanno, E. Leonora, F. Longhitano, C. Pugliatti, N. Randazzo, domenico.lopresti@ct.infn.it
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(Particle Residual Energy And Tracker Enhancement)
Development of a Real Time, Large Area, Particle Residual Range system for hadron therapy
Participants: INFN Catania
Spokesperson: Domenico Lo Presti
Duration: 3 years
Residual range concept
The PREDATE (Particle Residual Energy And Tracker
Enhancement) experiment is aimed at developing a real time, large area (up to 40x40 cm 2 ), high space resolution (up to about 100 m m), high energy resolution (about 3% full range) particle residual range detector prototype. The main applications of such device are the on line beam monitoring, quality assurance and diagnostic.
The proposed Work
Package takes advantage by the results relative to the realization of an innovative tracker detector, developed during the OFFSET INFN CSN V experiment, made of scintillating optical fibers and characterized by a smart read-out strategy, which allows for the real time acquisition at high rate (up to
100 MHz) to be obtained. We propose to exploit the same technology to develop the residual range detector (INFN Patent).
Beam
Tracker
+
D
E
Correlated
Residual energy by particle range and imaging domenico.lopresti@ct.infn.it
2


Design of a large area (up to 40x40 cm 2 ) and high spatial resolution (up to 100 microns) imaging device for charged particles based on scintillating optical fibers (Sci-Fi) and a smart read-out strategy with real-time acquisition at high rate (up to 100 MHz).

On line beam diagnostic and monitoring

 2D or 3D imaging
Characterization of Sci-Fi







Techniques of manipulation, cutting, lapping and optical coupling
Characterization of sensors: vacuum and solid-state photomultiplier
Monte Carlo simulations
Design and construction of the mechanical support for optical coupling (fiber-fiber and fiberphotosensors)
Design and assembly of front-end electronics
Design and programming of real-time read-out, acquisition, pre-visualization and analysis system
Test with radioactive sources, cosmic rays and particle beams
3

• Geant4 Simulations of a Residual Range detector prototype;
• Catana Beam Line – 62 MeV proton;
• 60 Polystirene Layers 500 m m thick + 4mm Air;
• 50x50 mm 2 area;
• Water equivalence;
• Right Most layer (RML) related to Bragg Peak;
• Energy resolution <3% full range
Residual Range Detector
RML=p0*Ed 1,75 + p1
RML
Air layers
Range
Shifter
-
A5
A10
A15
A20
A20+A5
Energy
[MeV]
57,42
52,57
45,80
38,49
30,06
18,62
Beam
1 2 3 - - - - -
Polystirene layers
59 60
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014
4

• Geant4 Simulations of a Residual Range detector;
• Catana Beam Line – 62 MeV protons;
• 60 Polystirene Layers 500 m m thick + 4mm Air;
• 50x50 mm 2 area;
• Water equivalence;
• Right Most layer related to Bragg Peak;
• Energy resolution <3% full range
PMMA
Range
Shifter none
A5
A10
A15
A20
A22
A20+A5
Proton
Energy
[MeV]
54,42
49,57
43,80
37,49
30,06
26,63
20,62
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014
Simulated
Measured Real-Time
5
RightMost spectrum @ different energies

Front Rear patented
• 30x30 cm 2 FOV
• 500 m m Sci-Fi
• Double XY plane
• Real-time imaging and tracking (96 read-out channels)
• Test under 62 MeV proton beam;
• Calibration by GAF-Chromic film;
• New Front-end electronics under test;
• Work in progress.
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014
All units in fiber size (500 m m) 6

30x30 cm 2 – double layer – real-time – 500 m m Sci-Fi
Real Time Tracking
16 mm 5 mm
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014
All units in fiber size (500 m m)
Test with PMMA phantom
Efficiency vs particle energy
7

Front-end electronics:
• Custom
• PSPM anode interface;
• Array of fast comparators;
• Remotely Settable Threshold.
DAQ
DAQ system
National Instruments: Labview Platform
• Full custom Adapter: 128 channel – 2 MAROC chip
• Channel gain adjustment;
• Full custom Adapter: 128 DIO 200MHz (OFFSET3);
• 160 DIO 40 MHz NI-7813r (OFFSET2)
• 250 Ms/s 14b 4 channel ADC adapter module;
• Real Time FPGA based DAQ board;
• Real Time computing;
• Solid state storage
• 4 Gb/s Ethernet connection
• Modular and scalable
• Easily Upgradable
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014 8

Front-end Board
+
PSPM socket
+
Comparator Array
+
100ns Monostable
FPGA
Virtex2
160 DIO
40 MHz
PXI
DMA
Front-end Board
+
PSPM socket
+
Comparator Array
Fullcustom
Adapter
Module
(Routing
Only)
FPGA
Virtex5
512 MB
RAM
PXIe
DMA
PSPM socket
Full-custom
Adapter Module
2 MAROC chip
128 channels
Preamp+shaper+ discriminator
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014
FPGA
Virtex5
512 MB
RAM
PXIe
DMA
Analog
OFFSET2
Low cost
Low Bandwidth
Digital
OFFSET3 – Residual Range
Medium cost
High Performances
OFFSET3 –
Residual Range
Medium cost
Optimal
Performances
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OMEGA Maroc Chip
Now under test
• 128 channel – 2 MAROC chip
• Channel gain adjustment;
• Settable Fast shaping;
• Fast comparator
• Settable threshold;
• Designed for PMT and adapted for SiPM;
• Direct interface to FPGA;
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014
10

• Design of a reduced scale demonstrator:
• Energy Range >60 MeV;
• Range Resolution 140 microns;
• Integrated trackers;
• 10x10 cm 2 FOV;
• Real Time;
• Hamamatsu PSPM;
• SiPM supplied by ST microelectronics;
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014 11

OFFSET3-CNAO
CARBONIO 400 MeV – 9 SPOT domenico.lopresti@ct.infn.it
HV = 900V
Vcc = 3,6V
Vthr = -15mV
Fronte
-
Retro
1° Piano XY
2° Piano XY
Tracciamento real-time

OFFSET3-CNAO
CARBONIO 400 MeV – DETTAGLIO SINGOLO SPOT
HV = 900V
Vcc = 3,6V
Vthr = -15mV
Fronte
-
Retro
1° Piano XY
2° Piano XY
Tracciamento real-time domenico.lopresti@ct.infn.it

OFFSET3-CNAO
PROTONI – SPOT SINGOLO
HV = 900V
Vcc = 3,6V
Vthr = -20mV
Fronte
-
Retro
1° Piano XY
2° Piano XY domenico.lopresti@ct.infn.it
• Test con fascio di protoni da 250 MeV - CNAO;
• Non calibrato;
• Condizioni non ottimali (carenza di tempo);

OFFSET3-CNAO
PROTONI 226 MeV – 9 SPOT
HV = 900V
Vcc = 3,6V
Vthr = -30mV
Fronte
-
Retro
1° Piano XY
2° Piano XY domenico.lopresti@ct.infn.it
Tracciamento real-time

Monitor di fascio per CNAO
Dall’interazione con lo staff CNAO e l’esperienza del turno di misura
Nuovo tracciatore ad hoc:
- 20x20 cm 2 ;
- 1 mm WE;
- 250 m m spatial resolution; per monitorare in tempo reale:
- Posizione del pencil beam;
- Dose rate;
- Adatto a rate di trattamento e di imaging per sala sperimentale.
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014 16

• Basso costo;
• Velocità nella prototipazione;
• Simulazioni di ottica e meccanica a partire dallo stesso progetto cad.
Caratteristiche principali
• Area di stampa 250x200x200 mm 3
• Piano riscaldato con alimentazione indipendente
•Volume di stampa: circa 8 litri
• Spessore dello strato: <0,05 mm
• Diametro dell'ugello: 0.35 mm
• Velocità: 150 cm 3 / h
Materiali e filamenti utilizzabili
PLA
ABS per costruzioni che necessitano solidità
POLY per costruzioni ad alta risoluzione
NYLON per costruzioni elastiche
CRYSTAL FLEX per aspetto lucido semitrasparente trasparente e incolore
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014

2
1.5
1
3
2.5
0.5
0
0
Scint/SiPM distance 50 cm.
Ov = 2.4 V; CdM 9.67 p.e.; Tr = 2.44 p.e.
Ov = 3.4 V; CdM 10.46 p.e.; Tr = 2.3 p.e.
Ov = 4.2 V; CdM 11.22 p.e.; Tr = 2.18 p.e.
Ov = 5V ; CdM 11.61 p.e.; Tr = 2.21 p.e.
4.5
4
3.5
Coincidence with a scintillator
3
2.5
Scint/SiPM distance 250 cm.
Ov = 2.4 V; CdM 5.73 p.e.; Tr = 2.44 p.e.
Ov = 3.4 V; CdM 6.01 p.e.; Tr = 2.3 p.e.
Ov = 4.2 V; CdM 6.34 p.e.; Tr = 2.18 p.e
Ov = 5V ; CdM 6.54 p.e.; Tr = 2.21 p.e.
5
2
1.5
1
0.5
10 15
Photoelectrons
20 25
0
0 2
FNAL Strips; Kuraray Fibre.
4 6 8
Photoelectrons
10 12
Assemblaggio in array:
• 4 Sipm per package
Muon60 SiPM
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014
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
15th International workshop on radiation Imaging detectors, Parigi 2013
D. Lo Presti
– poster: “A real time, large area, high space resolution particle radiography system”.




“
Development of a Real-Time, Large Area, High Spatial Resolution Particle Tracker Based on Scintillating
Fibers
” - D Lo Presti et al. - Advances in High Energy Physics 03/2014; 2014.
invited
“
OFFSET: Optical Fiber Folded Scintillating Extended Tracker
” - D Lo Presti et al.- Nuclear Instruments and
Methods in Physics Research A. 01/2014; 737:195-202.
“
Design and Characterization of a Real Time, Large Area, High Spatial Resolution Particle Tracker Based on
Scintillating Fibers
” - D Lo Presti et al. - Biomedical Engineering Research. 12/2013; 2(4):159-174.
invited
“
A Real-Time, Large Area, High Space Resolution Particle Radiography System
” -D. Lo Presti et al.– Journal of Instrumentation, in press.
2013 - G. Petringa – “Studio per la realizzazione di una radiografia con protoni in tempo reale” laurea triennale in fisica.
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Proposal C139a:
PREDATE.
The committee considers the project useful (INFN patent). The committee puts a priority for testing the apparatus in its imaging modality. The tests concerning residual range measurement are considered to be of lesser priority.
Classification: A (test of the tracker), B (residual range measurement test)
Beam attribution: 4 BTU (proton).
20

Residual range e metodo compressione canali
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014 21

Richieste per il 2015
• Consumo 10k€;
• Costruzione Detector;
• Elettronica;
• Fibre Scintillanti e WLS;
• Missioni 5 k€;
• Turni misura CNAO;
• Presentazioni a congressi;
• Inventariabile 10 k€;
• Schede National Instruments;
• FPGA;
• Power Supply;
RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014 22

RDH collaboration meeting, Roma, 11/4/2014 23

Consuntivi CSN V, Roma, 2 maggio 2013 24

• No precise information on sub-millimeter size scintillating fibers;
• Need for measurements.
Left
Sci-Fi
0 cm
62 MeV Proton
Right
25

• Techniques of manipulation, cutting, lapping and optical coupling;
• Measurement of the attenuation length:
• Cosmic rays;
• UV laser;
• 90 SR source.
S
UMMARY OF THE FIT PARAMETERS
T ECHNIQUE
C UT AND LAP
PARAMETER a c l
1 l
2
C OSMIC RAYS a c l l
1
2
UV LASER a c l l
1
2
VALUE
1,346
0,58
8,5 cm
1,74 m
1
1
17 cm
36 cm
1
0,65
8,52 cm
1,05 m
IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Valencia (Spain) 23-29 October 2011 – Talk and proceeding “ Characterization technique of sub-millimeter scintillating fibers ”.
y
= a
× e b
× x + c
× e d
× x = a
× e
l
1 x
+ c
× e
l
2 x
26