LS Telcom Summit 2010
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LS Telcom Summit 2010 Tetra Security Communication System In Stockholm Metro Håkan Samuelsson CTO Axell Wireless www.axellwireless.com Short Corporate Overview • • • • • Axell Wireless is the leading European manufacturer of confined area coverage solutions 250 Staff The core portfolio now includes: – Cellular solutions including LTE – Tetra, Tetrapol, CDMA, C2000 – VHF and UHF – FM, DAB and DVB-H Broadcast – Software defined multiband repeaters Key areas of focus: – Public safety – Transport (primarily Rail and Metro) – Cellular and next wave Wireless 30 years of history in the field of providing wireless coverage solutions The Stockholm Underground • 105 km of metro lines • First part built in 1950 and last station opened 1975 • 100 stations – 70 underground stations – 30 surface stations www.axellwireless.com 3 The Stockholm Underground Previous underground coverage solution • The existing SubCom system delivered • 1991-1993 Distributed three different radio services in underground sections – – – – SL Train Communication Radio (160 MHz) Swedish Police System (400 MHz) Fire & Rescue radio (400 MHz) 900MHz and 1800MHz injected at each station (4 operators) • During commissioning both the old and new system active at the same time – ”Engineering hours” about 2-3 hours per night – Mobile operators systems active at all times 5 Reasons for implementing the ERDM system • SubCom system at the end of it’s life span (17+ years in service) • Analogue train radio system at the end of it’s life span • New nation wide TETRA system in Sweden – Police – Fire and rescue • FM radio to the passengers underground • Preparation for new train radio (SL own TETRA system) • RF over Fibre Solution – Flexible solution that can be adapted and added to – Supervision possibilities much better 2010-06-24 www.axellwireless.com 6 Many Challenges • • • • • • • • Several new wireless services Very high redundancy required Smooth transition from the old system Limited number of optical fibres available Optical add and drop coupling had to be used High optical fibre losses Many remote heads connected to each TBS Existing radiating cable almost 20 years old Fibre optic repeater system 4-Way 4-Way 4-Way 4-Way TETRA: 36 dBm/ch @ 1 ch TETRA: 33 dBm/ch @ 2 ch TETRA: 30 dBm/ch @ 4 ch n 3 BSF424 2 BSF424 1 BSF424 BSF424 OMU – Optic Master Unit Compact size and convectional cooling BTS Avitec Master Unit OMU The Metro Network Sä tra Airlink BussKom Tetra Off Air repeater Mör-Aka Sä tra Sibeliusgången Aka Golfvägen Airlin g Kym Urs s g g RI g Duv s s g s Sbg s g S ra ät Pajalagatan Tågradio Buss Kom Blb Vby Häs link Häg Huv g Jol Råc g s aL ihVb g Väs s s g y Åkh Bmp Abh Smo Alv s s g s Våb s om ssK Bu link Air lu )-H (Lih mt aÖ Tetr Fij Brä s s g g Mäh Axb s g Öbg s g s g g g Hot Zid Mrt g g g s e Tågradio VHF, from site Ensta Ros Fiber Optic Remote Site e Gär s Kap s s Tce s s s g s g Tågradio VHF, from site Götgatan Ktg g Fhp (Höt) Blb (Höt) s Buss Kom Ömt g Gas Riddargatan Tågradio s e Tågradio VHF, from site Sätra Tågradio VHF, from site Ensta Optical Master Unit (OMU) Fiber Optic Interface (Tranciever) VHF/UHF fiber combiner Nnn and wdm coupler Slu s g g Mbp g Skt s s from BTS Liljeholmen from BTS Västra skogen Ömt rum g g g from BTS Östermalstorg from BTS Mörby centrum from BTS T-centralen s Buss Kom Tce Tågradio Border outline colour indicates corresponding BTS Master Site Kulturhuset g g Skh Optical Regenerator Tfp Gup g s g s g Lih Hså Sä tra Sä tra g g g Buss Kom Tågradio Skb Glb Frä Hyö Blu Eng m Ko ss Bu Bjh Sab Sop Te -Fa g Tak s tr Sä Stb Glavagatan Bah Bam s a Sedelvägen Nor Lih Svm Buss TågKom radio Kät Skg tra g el s Hså Buss Kom tra Lih link Air SL vhf s g Optisk splitt Mik/Nybohov g e g s Sä g Hlu s s g s g relä rum s s s Vät g Alb s e s g s Tågradio VHF, from site Götgatan Tågradio VHF, from site Sätra Border outline colour indicates corresponding BTS Master Site g Råh s g s Tåg- Buss radio Kom s Std g Mik Fik s Nob g e s g s Nybohovsbacken g Skarpbrunnavägen Ros Ros s g s Fhp Asu s g Våg s Mas s Sät g Tce Skh s Alb s Buss Kom Buss Kom Skh g Fhp Thp Off Air repeater system for VHF (Tågradio) Connected with fiber splitter s Optical Regenerator Unt Teh g g s g Tce s g Västra skogen s FM g Krb Äbp Ålk Sep Odp Rmg Höt Sah g Ilt g g Distribution off FM broadcast In separate fibers to... s s Beh Tce Lih g Bu ssK om Te tr Buss Kom g s Air g T-centralen Liljeholmen Ropsten stn Soc s g Das Johan Enbergs väg g Vre s g Väs När s Mör ta VH am F S pli ätr VH fied a inp V F u am Götg äs +s t from o pli fie atan uthb Ak a d V in o äs put und +n orth from Hab bo Tce un g d g Ris Vby Mör Östermalstorg Mörby centrum ör-R os s s En Rib g s Buss Kom Kis g s s Tågradio n s Tågradio at an Ten s Buss Kom Aka Aka Tetr aM G ötg ata g Off Air repeater system for Tetra ssK om ata n Hub s G ötg Hju g k Bu s G ötg Opticlink BussKom Tetra Mör-(Aka)-Hju Hju Fas Höd g Guä Snk s Hök BET ANT ÄNDRINGEN AVSER SIGN DATUM s Råg Hag Tågradio Buss Kom g Far g Fas s s RITAD AV GRANSK AV DATUM BLAD T OSJ 2009- 10- 16 1 ( 1) ST OCKHOL M MET RO Ov e r v i e w ERDM FILNNAMN inkl RITNINGSNUMMER ÄNDR BET Redundancy • • • • • Overlapping coverage between stations Two independent TBS sites providing the capacity One dedicated TBS and one off-air fed TBS providing redundancy Two independent fibre paths feeding each repeater Redundant station coverage provided by the adjacent stations in case of a repeater failure • FM radio coverage not redundant Redundancy • The coverage from each station reaches the adjacent stations • Two TBS can feed every repeater or every second repeater General Concept Drop couplers Drop couplers The Metro Network Sä tra Airlink BussKom Tetra Off Air repeater Mör-Aka Sä tra Sibeliusgången Aka Golfvägen Airlin g Kym Urs s g g RI g Duv s s g s Sbg s g S ra ät Pajalagatan Tågradio Buss Kom Blb Vby Häs link Häg Huv g Jol Råc g s aL ihVb g Väs s s g y Åkh Bmp Abh Smo Alv s s g s Våb s om ssK Bu link Air lu )-H (Lih mt aÖ Tetr Fij Brä s s g g Mäh Axb s g Öbg s g s g g g Hot Zid Mrt g g g s e Tågradio VHF, from site Ensta Ros Fiber Optic Remote Site e Gär s Kap s s Tce s s s g s g Tågradio VHF, from site Götgatan Ktg g Fhp (Höt) Blb (Höt) s Buss Kom Ömt g Gas Riddargatan Tågradio s e Tågradio VHF, from site Sätra Tågradio VHF, from site Ensta Optical Master Unit (OMU) Fiber Optic Interface (Tranciever) VHF/UHF fiber combiner Nnn and wdm coupler Slu s g g Mbp g Skt s s from BTS Liljeholmen from BTS Västra skogen Ömt rum g g g from BTS Östermalstorg from BTS Mörby centrum from BTS T-centralen s Buss Kom Tce Tågradio Border outline colour indicates corresponding BTS Master Site Kulturhuset g g Skh Optical Regenerator Tfp Gup g s g s g Lih Hså Sä tra Sä tra g g g Buss Kom Tågradio Skb Glb Frä Hyö Blu Eng m Ko ss Bu Bjh Sab Sop Te -Fa g Tak s tr Sä Stb Glavagatan Bah Bam s a Sedelvägen Nor Lih Svm Buss TågKom radio Kät Skg tra g el s Hså Buss Kom tra Lih link Air SL vhf s g Optisk splitt Mik/Nybohov g e g s Sä g Hlu s s g s g relä rum s s s Vät g Alb s e s g s Tågradio VHF, from site Götgatan Tågradio VHF, from site Sätra Border outline colour indicates corresponding BTS Master Site g Råh s g s Tåg- Buss radio Kom s Std g Mik Fik s Nob g e s g s Nybohovsbacken g Skarpbrunnavägen Ros Ros s g s Fhp Asu s g Våg s Mas s Sät g Tce Skh s Alb s Buss Kom Buss Kom Skh g Fhp Thp Off Air repeater system for VHF (Tågradio) Connected with fiber splitter s Optical Regenerator Unt Teh g g s g Tce s g Västra skogen s FM g Krb Äbp Ålk Sep Odp Rmg Höt Sah g Ilt g g Distribution off FM broadcast In separate fibers to... s s Beh Tce Lih g Bu ssK om Te tr Buss Kom g s Air g T-centralen Liljeholmen Ropsten stn Soc s g Das Johan Enbergs väg g Vre s g Väs När s Mör ta VH am F S pli ätr VH fied a inp V F u am Götg äs +s t from o pli fie atan uthb Ak a d V in o äs put und +n orth from Hab bo Tce un g d g Ris Vby Mör Östermalstorg Mörby centrum ör-R os s s En Rib g s Buss Kom Kis g s s Tågradio n s Tågradio at an Ten s Buss Kom Aka Aka Tetr aM G ötg ata g Off Air repeater system for Tetra ssK om ata n Hub s G ötg Hju g k Bu s G ötg Opticlink BussKom Tetra Mör-(Aka)-Hju Hju Fas Höd g Guä Snk s Hök BET ANT ÄNDRINGEN AVSER SIGN DATUM s Råg Hag Tågradio Buss Kom g Far g Fas s s RITAD AV GRANSK AV DATUM BLAD T OSJ 2009- 10- 16 1 ( 1) ST OCKHOL M MET RO Ov e r v i e w ERDM FILNNAMN inkl RITNINGSNUMMER ÄNDR BET CWDM technology • The downlink path lasers in the 1270-1350 nm wavelength range • The uplink path lasers use 1510-1590 nm wavelength • 2 DL lasers over one fibre (high dynamic range required) • Each UL path has a different wavelength in 20 nm separation Fibre Regenerator • Fibre link performance deteriorates over 10dB optical loss • With 4 add/drop couplers optical losses often exceed 10dB • The fibre regenerator restores the optical power Redundant Off-air Sites • Separate off-air repeaters for: – VHF (160MHz) – FM (88-108MHz) – Tetra Busskom – Tetra Rakel Old cables • Coax cables in tunnels are subjected • • • • • to vibration and chocks Connectors are the weak points The end result is often PIM (Passive Intermodulation) PIM caused by broadband signals can block out a whole system Avoid placing cables hangers near cable connections Check cables before re-use with TDR and PIM measurements ERDM Test and Verification 88-108 • Rigging a test train with instruments 160 400 GPSr Multiband Combiner RS 232 GPIB AC adapter Test receiver R&S 230VAC 230VAC RS 232 Counter Pulses 12VDC230VAC Doppler 12VDC Battery Pack Charger Rectifyer Radar pulses to track Train AC power 230VAC – R&S Test Receiver (ESPI) – Laptop logger, Axell in-house developed test software – Doppler radar to detect train movement – GPS sync of clocks for accurate time stamps Example of test log • Vertical plot – quick overview • Horisontal plot – detailed information Why using a fibre fed DAS ? • Most Tetra calls inside the metro stations and tunnels are group calls • Each TBS involved in one group call allocates one time slot for this call • Distributing the capacity from one multi carrier TBS over the entire line • provides a much higher trunking efficiency than having multiple separated TBS on the stations The high level of redundancy required would be very difficult to get with a TBS-only solution Coverage with Base Stations H CC M H TC H CC M H TC H CC H TC H TC H CC M H TC H TC M M H CC H CC M H TC H TC H TC H TC H TC H TC With repeaters and high capacity - TBS Group Call H CC H TC H TC A 420.625 MHz H TC H TC H TC H TC 421.725 MHz H TC H TC H TC H TC 422.225 MHz H TC H TC H TC H TC 420.125 MHz M Conclusions ? • Moving from the old to the new system without interruption was a challenge • A mix of GSM, UMTS, TETRA, PMR and FM Broadcast a planning challenge • Passive Intermodulation can kill a multi band system, use PIM-free parts • A Network under the surface Network will create interesting hand-over issues • Radiating cables are not perfect for all frequency bands (88 – 2100 MHz) • What about new services in the future? LS Telcom Summit 2010 Thank you!
