Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Single Point Moorings
Mark Brooks IEng MIIE
Business Development Manager
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
The major business activities
of
Cosalt: safety & protection
Rope – Fibre, Wire & Combination
Rigging & Lifting
Marine Safety Equipment
Life Saving Appliance Servicing
Fire Fighting & Inspection
“the complete marine service provider”
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Cosalt: safety & protection
Cosalt plc turnover ~ £Stg 151 million
Cosalt: Safety & Protection ~ £Stg 35 million
18 UK Businesses in port based locations
The markets of Cosalt: safety & protection
Harbour &
Rivers
24%
Industrial &
Waterside
23%
Onshore
17%
Retail & Cash
Sale
5%
Offshore,
Ocean &
Coastal
31%
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Major Rope Constructions
3-Strand
6-Strand
Circular Braided - Ultraline
8-Strand
Double Braided (2-in-1)
12-Strand
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Fibres & Ranking
Aramid
UHMPE
Polyester / Nylon
Polypropylene
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Rope Properties – Wear & Tear
Fiber type
 Testing rope wear is always
machine dependent
Dyneema
polyester
nylon
PP
aramid
Cut
abrasion resistance
resistance
dry
wet
+++
++
+++
++
++
++
++
+++
+
+
+
o
+++
+
-
rope on metal
 Tests can be used to rank
Static load
materials & rope constructions
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Rope Testing - Abrasion
Yarn on Yarn or Rope on rope
long lengths chafing against each
other:
- type of wear (abrasive, melting)
- environment (dry, wet)
Yarn on metal or Rope on metal
long lengths chafing over an object:
rope on rope
- type of wear (abrasive, melting)
- environment (dry, wet)
- protection
rope on metal
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Marine Finish
Marine Finish is used to improve the Safe Working Life in marine environment
Y arn -o n -Y arn Ab rasio n
cycles to failure
100000
10000
1000
100
M arine Finish
standard
10
0%
2%
4%
6%
Applied Tensio n (N/tex)
Test conform ASTM D6611-00
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
8-Strand Multiplait Rope Construction
Advantages of 8-strand rope:
+
efficient construction
+
torque-free
+
easy to handle
+
easy to splice
Points of attention:
yarns can be pulled
in winching: only on a split drum
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
12-Strand Multiplait Rope Construction
Advantages :
better abrasion resistance;

smooth surface (strands/yarns will not get caught easily)

rope is round : visual aspect

easy to use on the winch (no burying because of round construction)

non-rotating

endless ropes possible

very easy to splice

ideal for lifting with free end (non rotating + round)
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Ultraline Construction
Rope Construction
cores
cover
- Cover not only protects against abrasion, but also UV
- Small repairs are possible if inner strength has not been
ccompromised – strength will not be affected.
- All rope strength is contained within central cores.
Typical penetration of UV
into rope is 1-2 mm
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Double Braided Construction
Rope Construction
- Strength is shared 50/50 between braided core and braided cover / sheath
- Most common type of rope used for SPM mooring hawsers
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
OCIMF GUIDELINES
Type approval of nylon SPM Hawsers is conducted under the OCIMF 2000
Guidelines, 1st Edition
Major Difference between OCIMF 1987 and OCIMF 2000
Number of tests required
Should be repeated every 5 years
Larger than 20” ropes are to now be tested
Quantification of the behaviour of the marine finish
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Oil Companies Int. Marine Forum standard fatigue test
Thousand Cycle Load Level
TCLL values (8 strand):
polypropylene
polyamide (standard)
steel (laid)
52%
55%
60%

polyester
Ultraline® Nylon
Double Braid Nylon
Deltaflex
70%
75%
69.1%
80%

Dyneema
100%


90

% MBL
80

70

60

50

40
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
cycles
TCLL is an accelerated fatigue test to obtain a
quick comparison between ropes and materials
>
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
BL3
The effect of different TCLL values is
translated back to load levels
representative for practical loading
conditions (here these are assumed to
be less than 40% of the MBL).
Other
tension-tension fatigue life
TR
100%
TCLL values
As recommended the cyclic curve is
represented by a linear line, going
through 1 cycle @100% and the TCLL
load value obtained for a 1 000 cycles.
When translating the differences in
TCLL to load levels encountered in
practical situations, their importance
becomes clear.
80%
Peak load (% MBL)
Following the OCIMF the cyclic fatigue
curve is represented as the peak load
versus the logarithmic of the cycles to
failure.
60%
40%
20%
0%
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
100000
1E+07
cycles to failure
Based on the result for the OCIMF TCLL test a Cosalt/Bexco
ULTRALINE BL3 will last some 10 000 000 cycles when cycling to 40%
of its MBL. A.N. OTHER with a TCLL of 68% will last some 380 000
cycles for examples, and ropes with a lower TCLL even less cycles
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Typical SPM Assembly
- Buoy / FPSO Chafe Chain
- Heavy Duty Shackles
- Rope Thimbles
- Mooring Hawser
- FPSO / Shuttle Tanker Chafe Chain
- Support Buoy / Pick-up Buoy
- Pick-up Ropes / Messenger Lines
- Load Monitoring Systems
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Buoy / FPSO & FPSO / Shuttle Tanker Chafe Chains
- Vetted & approved suppliers only - ISO 9001/9002
- Close working partnership
- Majority is European Manufacture / Far Eastern can be supplied if requested
- Production Range 16mm - 120mm Diameter in various grades
- Laboratory & testing facilities
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Heavy Duty Shackles & Thimbles
- Vetted & approved suppliers only - ISO 9001/9002
- Close working partnership
- European Manufacture
- Laboratory & testing facilities
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Heavy Duty Shackles
- Forged alloy steel
- Finish painted / Galvanised
- Double nuts & S/S cotter pins
- MBL is 5 x SWL
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
SPM Cast Thimble
- High strength cast corrosion
resistant steel (Galvanised)
- Stainless steel
- Shackle retaining bar
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Tubular Thimble
- Fabricated construction
- Mild steel
- Finish galvanised / plastic coated
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Bellmouth Thimble
- Reusable
- Mild steel (galvanised)
- Stainless steel
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Mooring Hawsers
- Manufactured by BEXCOropes
- All hawsers supplied manufactured & supplied to OCIMF 2000
- Over 8 years experience, SPM hawsers
- Reference history
Selection of mooring
Constructions
Enhancements
available
hawser
- PU
Repeat
BL3
coating
Ultraline
loading
Nylon
- Additional
OCIMFDouble
DB12
TCLL
protection
value
Braid Nylon
sleeves
- Tubular
Abrasion
DF8
Deltaflex
rope
resistance
floats
Composite
- Energy absorption
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Support Buoy / Pick-up Buoy
- Vetted & approved supplier only
- Close working partnership
- UK Manufacture
- Central steelwork
- Galvanised swivel ends
- Resiliant closed cell foam
Cylindrical Chain Support Buoy
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Support Buoy / Pick-up Buoy
- Vetted & approved supplier only
- Close working partnership
- UK Manufacture
- Through steel tube
- Chain lock plate one end
- Resiliant closed cell foam
Cylindrical Through Chain Support Buoy
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Support Buoy / Pick-up Buoy
- Vetted & approved supplier only
- Close working partnership
- UK Manufacture
- Fixed eye each end
- Central steelwork
- Resilient closed cell foam
Pick-up Buoy
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Pick-up Ropes / Messenger Lines
- Nutech brand
- High strength co-polymer yarn
- High visibility yellow colour*
Available in 8 or 12 strand construction
- Permanent flotation - SG 0.91
- Non-rotating, torque-free rope
- Fully UV stabilised
- Excellent abrasion resistance
- Flexible, easy to handle & splice
* other colours available on request
Also available SPUNSTAPLE POLYPROPYLENE
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Components
Load Monitoring Systems
- Vetted & approved suppliers only - ISO 9001/9002
- Close working partnership
- European Manufacture
Benefits of Load Monitoring
- Laboratory & testing facilities
- Safe operation
- Hawser life prediction
- Optimise hawser service life
- ‘Bells & whistles’!!
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Mooring Hawser Supply
Manufacturing hawsers since 1997
160
141
140
113
120
100
80
60
40
90
76
31
67
57
68
63
25
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
20
01
20
00
20
99
19
98
19
19
97
0
Active Areas / Representation
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Operation & Maintenance Guidelines
“To achieve optimum life operators need to develop inspection, handling and
maintenance procedures based on local conditions”
We are here to help you with this
IF THERE IS ANY DOUBT ABOUT THE CONDITION
OF A ROPE IT SHOULD BE REJECTED
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Supporting Documentation
FactFile [Bulletin No.14]
Offshore Mooring Systems
Offshore Mooring Systems
Offshore Mooring Systems
“Total System Management”
www.cosalt.co.uk /
www.bexco.be
also on CD-Rom
Cosalt/Bexco Offshore Mooring Systems
for operational performance, reliability, safety & on-time delivery
Any questions?
Cosalt International Limited
Fish Dock Road Grimsby N.E. Lincolshire DN31 3NW
United Kingdom
Telephone 44 (0) 1472 504258 Facsimile 44 (0) 1472 504257
e-mail: rope@cosalt.co.uk
Photographs courtesy of Bluewater Engineering BV & Geolitel Corporation