Agile Networks 2.0 - Choices and Tradeoffs
Željko Bulut
Product Line Manager, Optical Networks
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
1
New Optical Infrastructure ….
… for the New Decade
1. New Applications
2. User Expectations
3. Service Providers

Bandwidth hungry, real-time,
interactive, asymmetric

High quality of service



Instantaneous data access
Face fierce competition and
macro economic uncertainty
Big increase in mobile apps
Mobility and portability



Flat-rate models open flood
gates for traffic

Low/unnoticeable latency
Need solutions to the
decreasing ARPU/MB
Traffic is explosive and
unpredictable
Flat rates and free devices




Free unlimited storage
Need more efficient and
scalable network
infrastructure

Users rapidly adopting new
products and services

Need added network
intelligence in all layers
Revenue per user decreasing,
while traffic is increasing exponentially
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
2
Increasing network traffic …
… driver for 40G/100G in Core and Metro
Super Hi-Vision (UHDTV)
with 16x pixel resolution of
HDTV,
500 Mbps
HDTV download
speed 60Mbps
Online gaming
2-20Mbps
bidirectional
VOD, VoIP,
Streaming, Data
Storage
0.4-1T
Data centers drive
aggregation of 10G
servers and clients
100G
network bandwidth
growth of
50-100% per year
40G
10G
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
3
Agile Networks 1.0 …
… challenges of the last decade
 Optical Layer proved to be much bigger challenge than
anticipated – most of the early focus was on the control plane
 Lack of the economical wavelength switching technology
– we built the roads and cars but forgot to build the car engine – inadequate
wavelength blockers and PLC based ROADM’s were deployed with WSS
catching up …
 Lack of investment in core optical technology following the Internet bubble
burst – number of promising startups with viable technology vanished
 Workflow processes including service planning, ordering, procurement and
installation, remained largely under automated leading to OPEX challenges
and resulting in long service provisioning times
 Restoration and protection services were never implemented and deployed
in significant way – protection was realized at Layer 3 which is inadequate
and arguably more expensive
 Lack of sophisticated multilayer optimization tools leading to overdesigned
and inefficient networks – network congestions fixed with brute force by
adding more router capacity and point to point DWDM pipes
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
4
Agile Network and Control Plane Functions
GMPLS Protocols:
Inventory and Resource Management
1. Neighbor Discovery (LMP)
2. Global Topology Discovery (OSPF-TE)
Management
Plane
E-NNI
UNI
Control
Plane
Data
Plane
Network Resilience
Dynamic Provisioning
3. Setup Request (UNI Signaling, NMS Trigger)
4. Routing (Path Calculation, CSPF)
5. Signaling for Connection Provisioning
(RSVP-TE)
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6. Distributed Recovery
7. Fault Localization
ECOC 2010
5
1: LMP
2: OSPF-TE
3: UNI, RSPV-TE
4: CSPF
5: RSPV-TE
6: all
7: LMP
Multi-Layer Network Optimization
Services are optimally groomed,
aggregated, switched and routed,
by multi-layer optimization tools
Minimization of
intermediate
routing to
bypass routers
WWW,
P2P, IPTV
L3/IP
E-LAN/E-Line,
leased line etc.
L2/OTN
On demand
OTN and/or
DWDM services L1/Optical
across the
network and
domains
flexible optical
transport
services
Multi-Layer Optimization offers
TCO reduction and network efficiency
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
6
colored interworking
classical interworking
Optical Transport Platform - Data Plane check list
Line System

DCM Free
Automation, Supervision
Transients Handling
Multidegre
Tunable ROADM

40/100G DP-QPSK
deployed as flexible
resource pools


OTN/MPLS Switch
scalable
future proof
ODUk/Packet
scalable
today
© Nokia Siemens Networks
Transponders
future
ECOC 2010
7
High-Level ROADM Requirements
1
Multidegree ROADM
N = 8-16 for Metro
N = 6-8 for Long Haul
10 Tb capacity per fiber
Flexible bandwidth allocation
65-100% add/drop
In-service growth to N – no forklift
Future proof express path
High level of integration
Advanced Automation
Supervision and Monitoring
2
Degree
Degree
4
3
Degree
Degree
N-1
N
Degree
Degree
Transponder Pools
10G/40G/100G
Colorless
Directionless
Contentionless
CDC
Transponder
Pools
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
8
Less of everything … do we have a naming issue?
Colorless
Directionless
Contentionless
Colorless
Directionless
Colorless
Degree #1
Degree #1
Degree #1
Degree #2
Degree #3
Degree #2
Degree #3
Degree #2
Degree #3
Degree #4
Degree #5
Degree #4
Degree #5
Degree #4
Degree #5
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
add/drop
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
Transponder
Bank
• Transponder
permanently connected
to an add/drop port but
can be remotely tuned to
any wavelength
• However transponder
can only carry traffic in
one predetermined
direction and that cannot
be changed remotely
without on site
internvention
© Nokia Siemens Networks
• Transponder
permanently connected
to an add/drop port but
can be remotely tuned to
any wavelength and
any direction
• However only one
wavelength per an
add/drop tree can be
used at the time leading
to wavelength blocking,
also referred to as
wavelength contention
ECOC 2010
• Transponder
permanently connected
to an add/drop port but
can be remotely tuned to
any wavelength and
any direction
• Up to N wavelengths
can be repeated per an
add/drop tree eliminating
the wavelength
contention
9
Good ROADM Recipe …
… shake well!!!
Wavelength Selective Switches
•
•
•
•
•
•
MEMS, LC, LCoS, PLZT, etc.
1xn and mxn portcount
Both 100GHz and 50GHz
Flexible spectrum - Flexigrid
Integrated WSS/AWG/MC Switch
Integrated Power Monitoring
Fiber Optic Switches
•
•
•
•
•
•
MEMS, Piezo, Robotic, etc.
Switch fabrics MxN
Large form factor
Standalone switching platforms
Offered also as OEM solutions
Some are modularized
© Nokia Siemens Networks
Other technologies
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PLC technology - PIC
AWG
Tunable Filters/FBG
EDFA Arrays
VOA Arrays
Switches
Multicast Switches
Splitters/Combiners
Coherent Rx
Application Optimized ROADM
ECOC 2010
10
40G/100G modulation schemes
… established in the marketplace
40G Transponders
OOK vs. DPSK:
p
0 Symbol separation factor 2 better
 3dB better receiver sensitivity
DPSK
1/2
new generation
p
p
0
p
DQPSK
3/2
© Nokia Siemens Networks
add PMDC card where necessary
40G Transponders
40G/100G Transponders
improved CD/PMD
tolerance
superior
CD/PMD tolerance
If RZ, then improved
OSNR sensitivity, but
reduced nonlinear
tolerance compared to
DPSK
higher component cost
OSNR sensitivity even
better than for RZ-DQPSK
because of coherent
detection
DP-QPSK
ECOC 2010
low cost 10G components
11
Looking ahead …
Required OSNR relative to QPSK (dB)
Scaling beyond DP-QPSK modulation to more dense formats
15
300G
12
9
200G
6
3
100G
0
-3
2
4
8
16
32
QAM constellation points
© Nokia Siemens Networks
64
ECOC 2010
12
FlexiGrid - Enhanced spectral occupancy
Today
Future
100 Gb/s
1Tb/s
1 x 120+ Gb/s DP-QPSK
over 50GHz
4 x 300+ Gb/s CP-16QAM
over 200GHz
Lower spectral utilization
Higher spectral utilization
Base technologies:
■ LCOS WSS
technology
■ High-speed digital
signal processing
■ Advanced coding,
possibly OFDM
■ High-speed
ADC/DAC
Flexible Spectrum Allocation
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
13
100GHz
10G
40G
Legacy networks
as deployed
today:
50 GHz, fixed grid
1531.52 1531.12 1530.72 1530.33 , nm
1569.59 1569.18 1568.77 1568.36
50GHz
100G
…
40G
40G
10G
40G
10G
50GHz
50GHz
200GHz
1T
…
1T
200G
400G
Future networks:
50-200 GHz,
flexible grid
100G
Spectral occupancy
Spectral occupancy
Capacity Enhancements in DWDM Networks
1569.59 1569.18 1568.77 1568.36
© Nokia Siemens Networks
1531.52 1531.12 1530.72 1530.33 , nm
ECOC 2010
14
Agile Networks 2.0 – what’s next?
2000-2010
Agile
Networks 1.0
2010 – 2020
Agile
Networks 2.0
© Nokia Siemens Networks
Metro DWDM
• Point-to-Point, Rings, MSTP
• initially PLC based, lately WSS
based
• Most 40x10G only
• Limited Control and
Management plane feature set
Long-Haul DWDM
• Blocker and PLC based ROADMs
• Followed with 50GHz WSS
• Limited Nodal Degree – 4 or less
• Expensive due to high insertion losses
(DCM, splitters/combiners, AWG)
• Not optimized for 40G/100G
• Limited Control and Management
Plane implementation
Metro/Regional/Long-Haul DWDM
• Large Scale Photonic Switching (8-16 fiber degrees)
• Colorless/Directionless/Contentionless ROADMs with support for the next
modulation format for 400G/1000G
• Full implementation of the control and management plane – integration of
the engineering and planning function to support multilayer service
optimization and virtualization
• ODU/MPLS Switching (scalable in ULH to 20+ Tbps) with the integrated
ODU/MPLS Switching/Control Plane
ECOC 2010
15
Thank you
© Nokia Siemens Networks
ECOC 2010
16