DIAMOND
Power Solution
Fiber optic interface for high power applications
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 1
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 1
Why and how to obtain a high power
fiber optic connector
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 2
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 2
Why a high power fiber optic connector?
The following questions must be answered:
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Which are the most common installations today?
What are future market requirements?
What are the most important parameters of an optical connector?
We believe the answers are as follows:
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Communication networks are getting bigger, and the information traffic every
day denser. The maximal power used in common fibers has now increased to
500 mW or even more.
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technology allows sending
many different signals in the same line, each of them having a certain amount of
power, which added up in the main cable make it reach high power values.
An up-to-date connector must be suitable for long distance transmissions and
customer access furthermore present easy and secure handling, excellent as
well as repeatable optical parameters, also under rough conditions.
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 3
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 3
High quality manufacturing process
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 4
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 4
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Computer assisted active core
alignment
 extremely reduced core eccentricity
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high precision tilt angle
measurement
guarantee of higher random mating
repeatability
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low connection losses
Low energy dispersion
Safety trough connectors’ protection cap
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Black chrome-plated metal
protection cap as a standard
component for E-2000™ and
F-3000™ connector families.
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Fully respects of current
security requirements
 Suitable for high power applications
The black chrome plated metal cap features superior protection than
any other previous solutions, presenting high optical isolation and very
resistant construction.
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 5
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 5
Safety trough adapters’ protection cap
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Carbon reinforced protection caps for E-2000™& F-3000™ PS mating
adapters
Fully respects of current security requirements
tested
24 Std. with 1 W power (E-2000™)
superior
protection against undesirable radiation thanks to its high optical isolation
reduced
temperature increase thanks to better thermal dissipation
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 6
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 6
High power technology
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 7
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 7
High Power Connector
As the silica doesn't absorb the light, it doesn’t warm up and so there is no risk inside the
fiber. The critical location is at the connections. At the junction, the fiber could be
contaminated by dust or any kind of dirt, and the material deposited on the fiber will absorb
part of the light and might warm up to a very high temperature, and hence there is a risk of
damaging the fiber.
Within the fiber core, which has a diameter of 9 µm, using a power of 1 W, the
superficial power density reaches a value of roughly 10-15 GW/m2.
(Solar surface power density is 62.6 MW/m2)
In order to have a solution suitable for high power applications with max.
target power at 3 W, Diamond has developed a special E-2000™ PS & F3000 PS connectors based on standard components.
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 8
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 8
Standard SM fiber
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A perfectly cleaned connector can withstand up to 1 W without problems
With a slightly contaminated connector, the dirt particles will absorb light
and convert it to heat
Danger: the fiber could melt and collapse
Simulation:
burnt SM fiber
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 9
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 9
core diameter
9 m
transmitted power
1W
power density
15 GW/m2
diameter of dirt particle
1 m
estimated temperature
2000 °C
Fiber with expanded beam
Solution: increase the mode field diameter at the connector interface
the power density is lowered
Singlemode:
to a harmless value
(spot  9 m)
Simulation:
core diameter
40 m
transmitted power
1W
power density
1 GW/m2
diameter of dirt particle
1 m
estimated temperature
400 °C
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 10
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 10
High Power:
(spot  32 m)
Fiber with expanded beam
Execution: use of a gradient index fiber (acts as a lens) to enlarge the spot
SM fiber
splice
GRIN fiber
GRIN fiber
connector 1
connector 2
Computer simulation:
10 GW/m2
1
0.1
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 11
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 11
splice
SM fiber
High power production process
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 12
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 12
Fiber splicing
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Splicing of MM to SM fibers is critical because of material difference
 Diamond ZEUS fusion splicer with multimode and SM
fiber capability
 Fiber-to-fiber alignment on 125µm diameter
ZEUS fusion splicer
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 13
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 13
Multimode to single mode splice
High precision fiber cleaver
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The fiber must be cleaved at the right distance (defines the focal length!)
Fiber cleaver including microscope and video camera for
precise length measurement and splice quality assessment
Cleaver with video camera
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 14
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 14
Fibers after cleavage
Centering and Curing
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Multimode fiber is very
sensitive to stress because
of larger core diameter
Ferrules are precrimped (1° crimping)
with metal wire
First crimping device
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The fiber must be glued within the
ferrule in the right position
Special ferrule holder for the glue polymerization within
standard oven
Ferrule holder
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 15
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 15
Collimation measurement
Expanded
beam connectors are very
sensitive to the focal length
CCD camera to measure the collimation
during polishing steps
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 16
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 16
Measurement of diameter
Pre-polishing (0°)
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High power connectors need
polishing process to optimize the
length of the multimode fiber
Manual polishing steps
Pre-polishing
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 17
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 17
Active angle alignment
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Angular misalignment induces high insertion loss because of lens system
 second crimping device: crimping is carried out to straighten the
output beam direction, not to reduce core eccentricity which is less
critical
before 2nd crimping: angle=0.5°  IL=1.5 dB
after 2nd crimping: angle<0.1°  IL<0.5 dB
Second crimping device
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 18
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 18
Final polishing (APC 4°)
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Automatic final polishing
APC 4° polishing
Achieve the right
geometrical parameters
Ensure optimal Return Loss
Polishing machine
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 19
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 19
Technical specification
Sinlge Mode 4° APC
Units Test conditions
Insertion Loss (IL) E-2000™
typ 0.2 max 0.6
dB
IEC 61300-3-4; 1550nm Random
Insertion Loss (IL) F-3000™
typ 0.3 max 0.7
dB
IEC 61300-3-4; 1550nm Random
Insertion Loss (IL)
typ 0.2 max 0.4
dB
IEC 61300-3-4; 1550nm Against ref.
Repeatability of IL
max +/- 0.1
dB
IEC 61300-2-2; 1300nm/ 1550nm
IL vs. wavelength
max +/- 0.1 5
dB
IEC 61300; from 1300nm to 1550nm
min 75*
dB
IEC 61300-3-6; 1300nm/ 1550nm
Operating Temperature
-40 / + 85 **
°C
Storage Temperature
-40 / + 90 *
°C
Return Loss (RL) MM
* Measured with high resolution reflectometer
** May be further limited by cable specifications.
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 20
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 20
Transmission efficiency
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Wavelength dependence: DIL/Dl max. 0.15 dB/100 nm
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 21
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 21
The product family
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 22
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 22
E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS family
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Use of the same basic parts to offer reliable optical and mechanical
performances.
E-2000™ PS Simplex
E-2000™ PS Backplane
F-3000™ PS Simplex
F-3000™ PS Backplane
The
PS connectors are suitable for Simplex, as well as for Backplane
applications, thanks to the high-tech modular design of their components.
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 23
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 23
E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS Features & Benefits
Integration of Expanded Beam
Technology within Diamond’s
composite ferrule
benefit
Standard connector with reduced
sensibility to contamination
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suitable for power up to 3 W and
above
Protection against eye-damaging
laser radiation
 Reduction of dust and scratches
of ferrule front-faces
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Integrated protective metal cap
Mating adapters with integrated
spring loaded metal shutters
benefit
Additional safety for the operator
 Protection against sleeve
contamination
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benefit
Enables fiber- as well as cable
termination (up to Ø 3mm)
 High packing density (port
spacing similar to RJ45 design)
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High-tech modular designed
components
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 24
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 24
benefit
Features of simplex connectors
E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS
Simplex connectors, ensure high
quality performance, maintaining
channel independence and
flexibility.
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 25
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 25
Features of Backplane connectors
E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS
Backplane connectors
system, is also taking all
the advantages of the E2000™ / F-3000™ standard
backplane offering up to 6 /
4 channels unit
E-2000™ 6 channels
F-3000™ 4 channels
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 26
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 26
Applications
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The DIAMOND PS is a very versatile connector technology, which can
be used in many different applications:
Telecommunication Networks:
 High bit-rates and long transmission distances
 DWDM Systems (high optical power up to 3 Watts)
 Data Processing Networks
Within harsh environments (with standard optical power up to 500mW):
 Thanks to the connector less sensitivity to contamination
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 27
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 27
Information label with safety precautions
Safety information for Power Solution connectors
© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 28
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 28
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Cleaning, handling and safety
information within cable or
pigtail package
Safety Video Inspection Microscope
The ideal device to ensure
safety during front-face
connector inspection
 Detailed ferrule inspection
enabling better assessment
for cleaning
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© DIAMOND SA / Titan und Krokodil / 08-06 / 29
© DIAMOND Headquarters / E-2000™ & F-3000™ PS / 07-08 / 29