Topic 11 Operational and Tactical
Command and Control Systems
Enabling Objectives
11.1 DISCUSS the Global Command and Control System-Maritime (GCCS-M) and its role
in Navy C2..
11.2 DISCUSS differences between GCCS-M 3.X and 4.X architectures.
11.3 DEFINE Common Operational Picture topologies, nodes, and Strike Group
architectures.
11.4 DISCUSS use of Theater Battle Management Core System (TBMCS).
11.5 DISCUSS relevance of Automatic Identification System (AIS) and its associated data
flow.
11.6 EXPLAIN the differences in capabilities of Link 4A, Link 11, and Link 16.
C4I Systems
NECC
TWS
TDS
Tying it All Together: The COP
The central situational awareness display, spawning
detailed target cueing for targeting applications and
improving SA among warfighters
Link 11/16
C4I SYSTEMS
Common Operational Picture
CJTF
GCC
ACC
MCC
COP
Common Operational Picture
• COP - Joint Forces
– Min. of approx. 64kbps
– Binary format-TCP/IP
(CST)
– Unlimited shared track
capability (track block =
time stamp)
– Distributed management
• BGDBM - Navy only
– 2400 bps
– OS-OTG format – NECC,
TCP/IP (NETPREC)
– Limited to 999 shared
tracks (track block = 70017999)
– Dictated Management
CENTCOM
Participant
Participant
CJTF
Participant
CT
ACC
GCC
MCC
Participant
Participant
Participant
COP NODES
TOP COP
PARENT
CHILD
CHILD
PARENT
CHILD
CENTCOM
Notional BG
Architecture
CJTF
ACC
GCC
MCC
CSTMdxNET
COP
CV
FOTC/UID
NETPREC
BGDBM
CG
DD
DDG
PT
PT
PT
CENTCOM
Notional BG
Architecture
CJTF
ACC
GCC
MCC
CSTMdxNET
COP
CV
CSTMdxNET
FOTC/UID
NETPREC
BGDBM
CG
DD
PT
PT
DDG
PT
CG
COP SYNC TOOLS (CST)
Comms
COP Sync Tools
COP Sync Tools
Node List
Preconfigure
Topology
Objects
DB Sync
Time Sync
Owntrack Update Interval
Link Assoc Downsample
The pop-up menu
TAKE OWNERSHIP
DISTRIBUTE VIA CST
TRACK HEADER
CST DATA TRANSFER
 TRACKS
 PRIORITY TRACK DATA (TBM)
 OVERLAYS
 STORED MAPS
 STORED PLOT CONTROLS
 PIM TRACKS
 AIR TASKING ORDERS (ATOs)
 AIR CONTROL ORDERS (ACOs)
CST Track Management Capabilities
 ADD TRACKS
 DELETE TRACKS
 MERGE TRACKS
 ASSOCIATE / DISASSOCIATE
 EDIT / UPDATE TRACKS
NAVY COP – CST ISSUES
 BANDWIDTH REQUIREMENT
 COMPUTER HARDWARE INTENSIVE
 LIMITED TRAINING & DOCTRINAL GUIDANCE
CPU
Global Command & Control System –
Maritime (GCCS-M)
GCCS-M is a single, integrated, scalable Command, Control,
Communication, Computer, and Intelligence (C4I) system that
receives, displays, correlates, fuses and maintains geo-locational track
information on friendly, hostile, and neutral land, sea and air forces and
integrates it with available intelligence and environmental information.
GCCS-M provides Tactical Decision Aids that exploit that information.
GCCS-M System Interfaces
EW
Links
ADSI/C2P
MTC
Intel
MIDB
Cryptologic
GALE-Lite
CUB
RM
SLQ-32
Future
Navigation
NAVSSI
SOA
NECC
CANES
Early Adopter
TTWCS
Weapons
System
ADOCS
EPL
Imagery
ATWCS
IPL
JIVE JSIPS-N
PTW+
UAV
GCCS-M
TCS-UAV
Aircraft
MEDAL
P-3
NJI
Mission
Planning
PFPS
JMPS
SQQ-89
JTT
C4ITTS
Targeting Simulation
GCSS
GCCS
TBMCS 2
C
TRMS
WEBSKED
NFCS
Aegis
Combat
System
METOC
Weather
GCCS-M Communications
 Network Communications (i.e. TCP/IP)
• CSTTCP (4X) / CSTMDXNET (3X)
• NETWORK (4X) / NETPREC (3X)
 Serial Communications
• Navy EHF Comms Controller
• TRE-TABULAR / TRE-TAB HIGH
• Link Feeds (PLT, ACDS)
• NAVSSI
• HIT Broadcast
GCCS-M 4.X
Comms/ADNS
Comms/ADNS
Typical 4.x Force Level
Architecture GENSER
EXCHANGE 2K (2)
OTCIXS
TADIXS A
TRE/CTT/JTT
OTCIXS TTY
TADIXS A TTY
HIT/BOSN
Flt Bcst 1 & 2
Remote Link 11
TRE 2
File/DMDS
TES-N
RTC
AD
NAVMACS/
SMS
LAN MUX
Comms1
Webserver
NAVSSI
TBMCS
Remote
KSQ-1
Link 11/PLT
Terminal Control
GENSYNC to SCI
OWNSHIP NAV
Sanitized Tracks/RM
ACDS Block 1
Color
Deskjet
GENSER LAN (ISNS)
B/W
Laser
Comms2
Intel
GBS
CDL-N
Imagery
Imagery PC
Scanner(1)
PC W/S Dual
Eye PC w/s
Comms/ADNS
Comms/ADNS
Typical 4.x Force Level Architecture
SCI
GENSER LAN MUX in OL-530
Sanitized tracks
Radiant Mercury
EXCHANGE 2K
DMDS
AD
Comms1
SCI Common 1
Comms2
(SCI Apps)
SCI Common 2
TACINTEL A
LAN MUX
TACINTEL B
NAVMACS/SMS
GENSYNC
TES-N
RTC
SCI LAN
SCI ADNS
Sigs1, Sigs2
Intel
B/W
Laser
PC W/S (8-10)
Color
Deskjet
3.X GENSER Application Servers
UCP & TDBM
Servers
1& 2
IES
JMHS
4
ITS
12
14
GENSER
LAN
19
24
SIPRNET
JMS
ISDS
UCP:
TDBM:
IES:
JMHS:
ITS:
ISDS:
JMS:
Universal Communications Processor
Track Data Base Management
Imagery Exploitation Services
Joint Message Handling Services
Imagery Transformation Services
Intelligence Support Data Services
Joint METOC Services
3. X SCI Application Servers
Radiant Mercury
Sanitization
UCP & TDBM
Servers
UCP & TDBM
Servers
GENSYNCH
1& 2
1& 2
ISDS
JWICS
IES
JMHS
JMHS
4
19
ITS
12
14
14
GENSER
LAN
SCI
LAN
ITS Server
19
24
SIPRNET
12
METOC
Analysis
18
ISDS
UCP:
TDBM:
IES:
JMHS:
ITS:
ISDS:
JMS:
Universal Communications Processor
Track Data Base Management
Imagery Exploitation Services
Joint Message Handling Services
Imagery Transformation Services
Intelligence Support Data Services
Joint METOC Services
Operational C2 Fleet Gouge
•
•
•
-
GCCS-M Fleet Liaison Homepage on SIPRnet
http://gccs-m.spawar.navy.smil.mil
GCCS-M Force Advisory Messages (FAMs)
Training Courses
GCCS-M Help Desk
- Comm: 1-(800) 838-1818
- DSN:
588-5665
TWS Communications
MDU Delivery
RNI (SIPRNET)
 MDU Email
 NECC
Missile in Flight
 TSN
 STU/STE
 EHF Point-to-Point
 BGIXS
Track Data
 CSTMDXNET
 MDXNET
TWS
TBMCS
• Theater Battle Management Core System:
- Provides automated command, control, and
intelligence system used for planning and executing
the air portion of joint operations
– Air Planning: Targeting, Airspace, Scheduling
• Produces the Air Tasking Order and Air
Coordination Order (ATO/ACO)
• Monitor/Manage Air Operations
What is AIS?
• AIS is a shipboard broadcast transponder system
operating in the Very High Frequency (VHF)
maritime band that is capable of sending and
receiving ship information, including Navigation
(Position, Course, Speed …), Identification
(Name, Call Sign, Length, Beam …), and Cargo
(Draft, Type, Destination …).
Portable AIS Equipment
What are AIS’s Benefits?
• Benefits to Navy:
– Safety at Sea / Navigation.
– Situational Awareness / Common Operational Picture.
– Support to Multi-INT Fusion and intelligence gathering
(e.g., Open-Source).
USS Port Royal
Value of AIS
At Sea / Ashore / in the Air
Without AIS
170800z Jan
60 contacts
20 min to 72 hours time late
With AIS
171600z Jan
1083 contacts
1-5 minutes time late
27
AIS CONOPS Overview
GENSER
UNCLAS
Sub
Rhib
Merchant
Aircraft
IBS-N
Ship
Coalition
Unclassifie
d
Subscriber
Service
Shore Site
AIS
Server
RADIANT
MERCURY
High
Assurance
Guard
Unclas Server
GCCS-M 3.x
GCCS-M 4.x
Non-organic
ONI
CTP feeding Global COP
(MDA)
Notional Architecture within CONOPS
(Jan 06)
Tactical Data Links (TDL)
• Data Link Terminals
- Information Distribution System
- JOINT TACTICAL or MULTI-FUNCTIONAL (JTIDS or MIDS)
- Data Terminal Set
- AN/USQ-125 or Common Shipboard Data Terminal Set (CSDTS)
- “MODEM”
• Message Processing and Distribution Systems
- Command and Control Processor (C2P)
- Common Data Link Management System (CDLMS)
• Common Shipboard Data Terminal Set (CSDTS)
Multi-TADIL Architecture
•EHF/MDR
•Intra•and Inter-zone
•SG #2
• SG #1
•Link-22
•Link 16 A
•NATO
•Ship
•AF/Army
•JTIDS
•S-TADIL J
•Link-22
•Link-11
•Link 16
•JREAP •multicast
(
•)
•JREAP •unicast
(
•)
•Link 16 D
•Link 16 B
•Link-22
•NATO
•Ship
•Command
•Center
•SG #3
•Link-11
•Data
•Forwarder
•SG #4
•UHF
•S-TADIL J
•Link 16 C
Link 11 Data Updates
• In Link 11 a Net Control Station (NCS) polls each
Participating Unit (PU) for data. More PUs increase
the Net Cycle Time interval between updates.
PU 7
PU 6
PU 2
NCS Poll

PU 1
PU 5
PU 4
PU 3
PU 5 Broadcast
Link 16 Data Updates
• Link 16 permits JTIDS Units (JUs) to update more
frequently using:
- Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) a technique that allocates
reporting time slots flexibly according to anticipated use, and
- Sub-dividing JUs into Stacked Nets on different frequency hopping
patterns, represented by rings below
JU 10
JU 9
JU 2
JU 8
JU 6
JU 7
JU 3
JU 1
JU 4
JU 5
32
Link Resilience
• If the Link 11 NCS is disabled or destroyed, time and data are lost while
identifying a new NCS, establishing a time reference, and restarting
the Roll Call.
• Link 16 has no NCS. It does require a Network Time Reference
(NTR) which devolves to the unit with the highest Time Quality
(7 - 10) or GPS time if the network is designed to accept GPS.
?
?
 Original NTR
?
NCS 
?
?
?
New NTR; CG with
Time Quality of 14
Monthly Inport TADIL Exercise
(MITE)
• MITE provides basic training of Link 11/16/4A proficiency with
Multi TADIL inport and/or underway link exercises.
• Upon completion of this event, units take credit for the following
exercises:
– CCC-42-SF - LINK-11 OPERATIONS
– CCC-43-SF - LINK-16 OPERATIONS
– CCC-44-SF - MULTI-LINK OPERATIONS
– CCC-45-SF - SATELLITE LINK 11 OPS
Maximize
participation
in MITEs
– CCC-46-SF - SATELLITE LINK 16 OPS
•
POC: Afloat Training Group Pacific (ATGPAC), (619)556-5658
Afloat Training Group Atlantic (ATGL), (757)445-0962 X 270
Testing Services
Navy Center for Tactical Systems Interoperability (NCTSI)
- provides testing services that uniquely analyze a unit’s data
link readiness.
- Snapshot
- Quicklook
- TADIL Operational Verification Longlook (TOV L/L)
- POC: NCTSI Detachment One San Diego (619) 553-0264
NCTSI Detachment Two Norfolk (757) 444-5509
Deploying Group System InteroperabilityTesting (DGSIT)
- provides subject matter experts, while underway, to evaluate and train strike
groups
Questions??