RIVERS OF PAKISTAN
INDUS
JHELUM
CHENAB
WESTERN
RIVERS
RAVI
SUTLEJ
BEAS
IRAN
EASTERN
RIVERS
Gudu
Sukkur
Kotri
Meteoroburst Telecommunication System
Computer Based Flood Forecasting System
Disaster Risks in Pakistan
6. Geographical Exposure
Earthquakes/seismic
National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
HAZARD CONTEXT
• Glacial
Lake
Outburst
Flood (GLOF)
–There are 5218 glaciers
in Pakistan with a total of
2420 lakes
–Out of which 52 lakes are
considered dangerous
–An agreement for GLOF
monitoring was arrived
at with ICIMOD in 2003
–Since 2003, starting from
the Astor Basin, all
glacial basins have been
inventoried
for
geo
coordinates, numbered,
named and their physical
configuration have been
recorded
SCENARIO B (MOST DANGEROUS)
Heavy to super heavy
riverine
flooding,
significant
flash
flooding and cloud
burst activity owing
to
heavy
precipitation
in
mountainous
and
semi-mountainous
regions
causing
sliding activity and
severing population
segments.
Cyclone
activity experienced
affecting upto eight
to ten districts in
Sindh
and/
or
Balochistan causing
widespread
destruction
along
coastal region and
massive inland flash
flooding
HAZARD CONTEXT
• Tropical Cyclone
–Cyclone of 1999
seriously impacted
Thatta and Badin
Districts
(affected
0.6 million people
and caused loss of
202 lives)
–Cyclone Yemyn in
2007 affected 26
districts
of
Balochistan
and
Sindh (affected 2.5
million people and
caused loss of 400
lives)
HAZARD CONTEXT
• Summer Monsoons
– Summer
monsoons
result in heavy cyclones
and weather systems
based
precipitation
originating from Bay of
Bengal and Arabian Sea
– Water
release
from
Tarbela
and
Mangla
Dams augments above
– Weather
systems
originating from Bay of
Bengal and to a lesser
extent Arabian Sea result
in occurrence of tropical
cyclones in the North
Arabian
Sea
which
impact coast of Sindh
and Balochistan
HAZARD CONTEXT
•Flash Floods
–NAs. Hunza, Ghizar, Astore,
Gilgit & Skardu
–NWFP.
Charsadda,
Peshawar, Mardan, DI Khan,
Swat, Mansehra, Upper
/Lower Dir & Chitral
–AJK.
Muzzafarabad,
Neelum, Bagh, Kotli &
Bhimber
–Punjab.
Sialkot,
Wazirabad,
Gujranwala,
Gujrat, Bhakkar, Mianwali &
DG Khan
–Balochistan. Sibi, Jhal
Magsi,
Bolan,
Kech,
Gwador, Kharan, Kalat,
Khuzdar & Lasbela
–Sindh. Dadu, QambarShahdadkot,
Larkana,
Karachi,
Hyderabad,
Sanghar & Badin
•Urban
Floods.
Karachi,
Hyderabad, Rawalpindi &
Lahore
Disaster Risks in Pakistan
6. Geographical Exposure
Droughts
National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
CYCLONE SCENARIO (Karachi Specific)
Storm Wind
• Wind speed up to 64 – 120 knots
(118-222 km/h)
• Wind impact commences when
cyclone is 25-30 kms from the
coast
33 Knots
34-47 Knots
48-64 Knots
65-120 Knots
CYCLONE SCENARIO (Karachi Specific)
Rainfall. 200 - 225 mm rainfall (9 10 inches) over a period of 36
hours
15 mm/hr
3315-25
Knots
mm/hr
25 mm/hr
CYCLONE SCENARIO (Karachi Specific)
A cyclone storm making
landfall in Karachi City
• Storm Surge Wave
–Height of the surge
wave between 12-15
feet or above
–Wave is likely to travel
up to 5 kilometres
inland
–Water inflows would
be regulated along the
road network and
along Malir and Lyari
rivers
–Paralysis within 3-5
kilometres
of
the
coastal region
–Population evacuation
within 2 kilometres
along the coast
TSUNAMI
National Disaster Management Authority
District Badin
April 8, 2015
20
Years
2005
1999
1993
1987
1981
1975
1969
1963
1957
1951
1945
1939
1933
1927
1921
1915
1909
1903
1897
1891
No of Cyclones
Annual Occurances of Cyclones in Arabian Sea
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Monthwise Frequency Distribution of Cyclonic Storms
in the Arabian Sea
35
No of Cyclones
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Months
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec