BY G.P.Bhagath S. UNDER THE STEERING OF V.SRIKANTH M.Pharm(Dept of pharmaceutics) DON BOSCO COLLEGE OF PHARMACY Lycopene,a ß-carotenoid pigment which usually gives red colour to tomato. Not only lycopene, but also many other carotenoids approximately 600 induce pigmentation in various plants. Besides, they are also used to treat various cancers like lung, prostrate cancers etc Lycopene, a carotenoid in the same family as beta carotene, is what gives a tomato, and several other fruits, their deep red color.other common name for lycopene is rhodopurpurin. It is an exocrine gland Present as a junction between between seminal vesicles and urethra In males it is called as prostate gland and in females it is called as skeen’s gland • Maintainin g alkalinity of semen • Male erectile functioning • Neutralisatio n of vaginal acidity Prostate cancer is a form of cancer that develops in the prostate,a gland in the male reproductive system. Most prostate cancers are slow growing; however, there are cases of aggressive prostate cancers. The cancer cells may metastasize(spread) from the prostate to other parts of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes. Prostate cancer may cause pain, difficulty in urinating, problems during sexual intercourse, or erectile dysfunction. Other symptoms can potentially develop during later stages of the disease. Urinary disfunction Erectile disfunction SYMPTOMS Bone pains Pain during ejaculation and urination Silencing of gene producing ZIP trasporter protien Zinc deficit High levels of ATP is available for prostate intra epithelial cells RUNX2 is a transcription factor that prevents cancer cells from undergoing apoptosis thereby contributing to the development of prostate cancer. The PI3k/Akt signaling cascade works with the transforming growth factor beta/SMAD signaling cascade to ensure prostate cancer cell survival and protection against apoptosis. .[51] Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) stimulates the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway which leads to prostate cancer cell growth and survival. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) stimulates the development of prostate cancer by increasing folate levels for the cancer cells to use to survive and grow High levels of insulin growth factor are linked to a greater risk of prostate cancer increased lycopene consumption is inversely related to insulin growth factor levels. Suppression both inhibition of tumor growth and increased differentiation of normal cells. Increasing gapjunctional communication among healthy prostate cells. Malignant prostate cells with a decrease or loss in junctional communication grow more slowly Lycopene acts as a scavenger for singlet oxygens, which are theorized to damage DNA and cause cancer Adverse Effects Disadvan tages NO IRREFUTIBLE EFFECTS OF LYCOPENE ON OTHER ORGANS Studies prove that it has been useful in lowering of hypertension,in particular mild hypertension. Lycopene it increases the High Density Lipid levels(HDL)which are useful for the absorption of Lower Density Lipids(LDL),there by preventing atherosclerosis,hypercholestremia.As an anti oxidant it also helps cholesterol from being oxidised. Lycopene is also useful in treating oral leukoplakia ,a condition which is precancerous mucous membrane condition,which is manifested by white patches. An intake of 5-10 mg ,few times a week is ample for the the one who doesn’t take much more vegetables or fruits. But,for those who have a decent diet of fruits and vegetables there isn’t any need of running for the dietary supplements of lycopene. Lycopene or a diet high in lycopene can safely be recommended for prostate cancer prevention or as adjunctive treatment of prostate cancer. Men over the age of 50 years who have a life expectancy greater than 10 years and for younger men at high risk of prostate cancer. If the person consumes very few tomato products, supplementation should be started earlier in life. If the person consumes tomato products regularly, supplement therapy may not be necessary. Lycopene supplement benefit, side effects, prostate cancer, dosage and 10 mg tablets, tomato source By RAY SAHELIAN M.D. http://www.raysahelian.com/lycopene.html http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/Compleme ntaryandAlternativeMedicine/DietandNutrition/lycopene http://www.prostate-health-net.com/Lycopene.html Prostate cancer prevention by;Diana Rodriguez. E http://www.everydayhealth.com/prostate-cancer/tomatoes-andlycopene.aspx. Lycopene effective in prostate cancer treatment by ;Darin ingels. http://www.enterests.com/healthhtml/lycopeneprostatecancertreatment. php. http://cancer-of-prostate.blogspot.com/2009/04/lycopene-effectivewith-prostate-cancer.html